NL1038451C2 - A method of generating electricity, and a ship. - Google Patents

A method of generating electricity, and a ship. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL1038451C2
NL1038451C2 NL1038451A NL1038451A NL1038451C2 NL 1038451 C2 NL1038451 C2 NL 1038451C2 NL 1038451 A NL1038451 A NL 1038451A NL 1038451 A NL1038451 A NL 1038451A NL 1038451 C2 NL1038451 C2 NL 1038451C2
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
turbine
ship
piston engine
section
hot gas
Prior art date
Application number
NL1038451A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Marco Johannes Jonge
Jelle Dool
Robbert Roelof Elzinga
Original Assignee
Marlitwin Beheer B V
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marlitwin Beheer B V filed Critical Marlitwin Beheer B V
Priority to NL1038451A priority Critical patent/NL1038451C2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL1038451C2 publication Critical patent/NL1038451C2/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Description

A method of generating electricity, and a ship
The present invention relates to a method of generating electricity, wherein a hot gas is passed through a channel, the channel 5 being provided with a turbine driving a generator.
It is known in the art to generate electricity using a solar tower, wherein air below a cover of transparent material is heated using solar heat, and the hot air is allowed to rise through a centrally located chimney provided with a turbine having an upright ro-10 tational axis and turbine· blades transverse to said rotational axis so as to generate electricity. The turbine is equivalent to the turbine of a horizontal axis wind turbine comprising a rotor with at least one and in practice a multitude of blades, but mounted with the rotor facing the ground.
15 The object of the present invention is to provide an alterna tive way of generating electricity using hot gas.
To this end, the invention according to the preamble is characterized in that the turbine is driven by hot gas derived from a piston engine.
20 Piston engines suffer from limited efficiency, and most of the energy lost is in the form of heat discharged as hot exhaust gas. In accordance with the present invention, some of this heat is used to generate electricity. Because of the fixed direction of the gas flow and substantially constant speed with known upper limit (no storms), 25 the turbine can be designed to operate optimally in a chimney and be of relatively low cost because no provisions have to be made for yaw, for storms etc. As the infrastructure (piston engine and exhaust channel will generally already be available/will be needed anyway, the present invention can be implemented at relatively low cost for 30 both new and existing piston engines. In the present application, the term hot gas means gas hotter than the ambient temperature, and in general gas with a temperature of at least 70"C, such as exhaust gas having a temperature of at least 150°C. The turbine rotor does have to withstand the hot gas, but this is no problem in the art as for 35 turbines for jet engines the technology at way higher temperatures is readily available.
According to a preferred embodiment, the piston engine is a piston engine of a ship.
1038451 2 A ship generally has a wide chimney allowing for the generation of a substantial amount of energy. The demand for electricity on board of a ship is rather high, and a contribution from the present invention would be quite welcome.
5 According to a preferred embodiment, the piston engine used is a piston engine for propulsion of the ship.
Piston engines for propulsion are generally quite big and exhaust large amounts of hot exhaust gas and wide chimneys to install a turbine with long blades, making it easy to generate electricity in 10 significant amounts.
According to a preferred embodiment, water is injected in the channel between the piston engine and the turbine.
The water injected will in general be fresh water to avoid corrosion problems and/or to prevent deposits in the chimney and/or on 15 the turbine. The water injected will turn into steam, increasing the volume of the hot gas. The amount of water injected may be used to control the output of the generator driven by the turbine. Injection of water is in itself known for the cleaning of a heat recuperation device provided in a ship's chimney. Such heat recuperation devices 20 are used, for example, to heat the fuel oil burned in the ship's piston engine.
According to a preferred embodiment, at the turbine the channel has a reduced flow-through area.
Thus a venturi-effect is achieved, boosting the efficiency of 25 the turbine. The reduction is preferably achieved using a centrally located restriction of the channel, again improving the efficiency of the turbine because the turbine blades are subject to a higher apparent gas velocity.
According to a preferred embodiment, the generator is driven by 30 the ends of the blades of the turbine distal to the rotational axis of the turbine.
This has several advantages, including reduced noise production and the ease with which the rotational motion can be used to drive the generator at the required rotational speed more easily, for exam-35 pie with a simple gear box. It is conceivable to use a direct-drive generator.
According to a preferred embodiment, the channel is provided with a heater having an inlet and an outlet for hot gas, the heater 3 comprising a first section with coils for recuperation of heat and a second section parallel to the first section to allow hot gas to bypass the coils in the first section, the turbine being provided in the first section.
5 Such a heater is generally called an exhaust gas heater in the art. Recuperation of heat is known, and recuperated heat is often used to heat fuel oil. This embodiment helps to keep the back pressure sufficiently low so as not to affect the operation of the piston engine. It also allows varying the ratio of gas passing through the 10 first section and through the second section the by varying the load of the generator driven by the turbine. Alternatively a conventional valve may be use to determine the ratio of gas passing through the first and second section, and vary the amount of energy recuperated as heat or made available as electricity.
15 Finally, the present invention relates to a ship having a pis ton engine and provided with a generator for generating electricity, wherein the ship has a chimney connected to the exhaust of the piston engine, and the chimney is provided with a turbine, the ship further comprising a generator driveable by the turbine for generating elec-20 tricity.
A ship generally on or more piston engines, such as engines for propulsion and auxilliary engines, and has a wide chimney allowing for the generation of a substantial amount of energy. The demand for electricity on board of a ship is rather high, and a contribution 25 from the present invention would be quite welcome. As the infrastructure (piston engine and exhaust channel will generally already be available/will be needed anyway, the present invention can be implemented at relatively low cost for both new and existing ships.
According to a preferred embodiment, the piston engine is a 30 piston engine for propulsion.
Piston engines for propulsion are generally quite big and exhaust large amounts of hot exhaust gas and wide chimneys to install a turbine with long blades, making it easy to generate electricity in significant amounts.
35 According to a preferred embodiment, nozzles for the injection of water are provided between the piston engine and the turbine.
4
This allows for increasing the amount of electricity that can be produced by the generator, because the water will turn into steam, increasing the volume of the hot gas.
According to a preferred embodiment, at the turbine the channel 5 has a reduced flow-through area.
Thus a venturi-effect can be achieved, boosting the efficiency of the turbine. The reduction is preferably achieved using a centrally located restriction of the channel, again improving the efficiency of the turbine because the turbine blades are subject to a 10 higher apparent gas velocity.
According to a preferred embodiment, the chimney is provided with a heater having an inlet and an outlet for hot gas, the heater comprising a first section with coils for recuperation of heat and a second section parallel to the first section to allow hot gas to by-15 pass the coils in the first section, the turbine being provided in the first section.
Such a heater is generally called an exhaust gas heater or economizer in the art. Recuperation of heat is known, and recuperated heat is often used to heat fuel oil. The heater containing the tur-20 bine can be placed or replaced as one unit, and further changes to the chimney are avoided, which is convenient in case of retrofitting a ship with a heater comprising a turbine. This also allows varying the ratio of gas passing through the first section and through the second section the by varying the load of the generator driven by the 25 turbine.
The present invention will now be illustrated with reference to the drawing where
Fig. 1 is a ship according to the invention; and
Fig. 2 shows a detail of the ship of Fig. 1.
30 Fig. 1 shows a ship 100 comprising a piston engine 101 for pro pulsion of the ship 100. A chimney 102 is provided to discharge combustion gasses from the piston engine 101 to the atmosphere. The ship comprises a heater 103, which is shown in detail in Fig. 2.
The heater 103 has an inlet 104 for hot combustion gasses from 35 the piston engine 101 and an outlet 105. The heater 103 has a first section 106 and a second section 107 parallel to the first section 106, both sections capable of allowing the passage of hot combutions gasses from the piston engine 101. The first section 106 is provided 5 with coils 108 for recuperating heat. Oil O is passed through the heater 103 to obtain hot oil O' , which may for example be used to heat fuel oil to make it less viscous and allow combustion of the fuel oil in the piston engine 101. This is all known in the art.
5 In accordance with the present invention, the chimney 102 of the ship 101 is provided with a turbine 110. In the embodiment discussed here, the turbine 110 is provided in a part of the second section 107, the part having a smaller cross-sectional area than the chimney 102 so as to create a venturi effect.
10 Hot combustions gasses from the piston engine 101 enter the heater 103 via the inlet 104, pass via the first and second sections 106, 107 and exit via the outlet 105 before being discharged into the atmosphere .
The hot gasses cause the turbine 110 to rotate. In the present 15 embodiment, the turbine 110 is provided at its outer circumference with an annular set of teeth 111, which make a gear wheel 112 rotate, which in turn drives a generator 113 so as to generate electricity.
So as to increase the electricity output, a series of nozzles 120 is provided, allowing the injection of water W into the hot com-20 bustion gasses from the piston engine 101. This turns the water injected W into steam, expanding the volume of the gasses passing through the heater 103.
The invention is not limited to the embodiment discussed above. For example, heat extracted in the heater 103 may be used for gener-25 ating electricity using the method according to the invention.
1038451

Claims (12)

1. Werkwijze voor het opwekken van elektriciteit, waarbij een heet 5 gas door een kanaal (102) wordt geleid, waarbij het kanaal (102) is voorzien van een turbine (110) die een generator (113) aandrijft, met het kenmerk, dat de turbine (110) wordt aangedreven door heet gas dat afkomstig is uit een zuigermotor (101).A method for generating electricity, wherein a hot gas is passed through a channel (102), the channel (102) being provided with a turbine (110) which drives a generator (113), characterized in that the turbine (110) is driven by hot gas from a piston engine (101). 2. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de zuigermotor (101) een zuigermotor (101) van een schip (100) is.The method of claim 1, wherein the piston engine (101) is a piston engine (101) of a ship (100). 3. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 2, waarbij de gebruikte zuigermotor (101) een zuigermotor (101) voor het voorstuwen van het schip (100) 15 is.3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the used piston engine (101) is a piston engine (101) for propelling the ship (100). 4. Werkwijze volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij water wordt geïnjecteerd in het kanaal (102) tussen de zuigermotor (101) en de turbine (110) . 20The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein water is injected into the channel (102) between the piston engine (101) and the turbine (110). 20 5. Werkwijze volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het kanaal (102) ter hoogte van de turbine (110) een verkleinde doorstroora-oppervlakte heeft.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the channel (102) at the height of the turbine (110) has a reduced penetrating surface. 6. Werkwijze volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de gene rator (113) wordt aangedreven door de uiteinden van de bladen van de turbine (110) distaai van de draaias van de turbine (110).The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the generator (113) is driven by the ends of the blades of the turbine (110) away from the axis of rotation of the turbine (110). 7. Werkwijze volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het ka-30 naai (102) is voorzien van een ketel (103) met een inlaat (104) en een uitlaat (105) voor heet gas, waarbij de ketel (103) een eerste sectie (106) met gewonden pijpen (108) voor het terugwinnen van warmte omvat en een tweede sectie (107) parallel met de eerste sectie (106) teneinde heet gas om de gewonden pijpen (108) in de eerste sec-35 tie (106) heen te laten gaan, waarbij de turbine (110) in de eerste sectie (106) is verschaft. 1038451A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sewing (102) comprises a boiler (103) with an inlet (104) and an outlet (105) for hot gas, the boiler (103) being a first section (106) with wound heat recovery pipes (108) and a second section (107) parallel to the first section (106) for hot gas around the wound pipes (108) in the first section (106) ), wherein the turbine (110) is provided in the first section (106). 1038451 8. Schip (100) voorzien van een zuigermotor (101) en voorzien van een generator (113) voor het opwekken van elektriciteit, met het kenmerk, dat het schip (100) een schoorsteen (102) bezit die is verbonden met de uitlaat van de zuigermotor (101) en de schoorsteen is voorzien van 5 een turbine (110), waarbij het schip (100) verder een generator (113) omvat die door de turbine (110) kan worden aangedreven voor het opwekken van elektriciteit.Ship (100) provided with a piston engine (101) and provided with a generator (113) for generating electricity, characterized in that the ship (100) has a chimney (102) connected to the outlet of the piston engine (101) and the chimney is provided with a turbine (110), the ship (100) further comprising a generator (113) that can be driven by the turbine (110) for generating electricity. 9. Schip volgens conclusie 8, waarbij de zuigermotor (101) een zui-10 germotor (101) voor voortstuwing is.The ship of claim 8, wherein the piston engine (101) is a propulsion piston engine (101). 10. Schip volgens conclusie 8 of 9, waarbij tussen de zuigermotor (101) en de turbine (110) mondstukken voor de injectie van water zijn verschaft. 15Ship according to claim 8 or 9, wherein nozzles for the injection of water are provided between the piston engine (101) and the turbine (110). 15 11. Schip volgens een van de conclusies 8 tot 10, waarbij het kanaal (102) ter hoogte van de turbine (110) een verkleinde doorstroom-oppervlakte heeft.Ship according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the channel (102) has a reduced flow area at the height of the turbine (110). 12. Schip volgens een van de conclusies 8 tot 11, waarbij de schoor steen is voorzien van een ketel (103) met een inlaat (104) en een uitlaat (105) voor heet gas, waarbij de ketel (103) een eerste sectie (106) met gewonden pijpen (108) voor het terugwinnen van warmte omvat en een tweede sectie (107) parallel met de eerste sectie (106) ten-25 einde heet gas om de gewonden pijpen (108) in de eerste sectie (106) heen te laten gaan, waarbij de turbine (110) in de eerste sectie (106) is verschaft. 1038451Ship according to one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the chimney is provided with a boiler (103) with an inlet (104) and a hot gas outlet (105), the boiler (103) having a first section ( 106) with wound heat recovery pipes (108) and a second section (107) parallel to the first section (106) of hot gas around the wound pipes (108) in the first section (106) wherein the turbine (110) is provided in the first section (106). 1038451
NL1038451A 2010-12-15 2010-12-15 A method of generating electricity, and a ship. NL1038451C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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NL1038451A NL1038451C2 (en) 2010-12-15 2010-12-15 A method of generating electricity, and a ship.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1038451 2010-12-15
NL1038451A NL1038451C2 (en) 2010-12-15 2010-12-15 A method of generating electricity, and a ship.

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NL1038451C2 true NL1038451C2 (en) 2012-06-18

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