NL1035791C2 - Flame ionization method for gas-fired equipment, involves measuring sum and difference between time periods required for positive charging and negative discharging of capacitor to measure degree of ionization of flame - Google Patents

Flame ionization method for gas-fired equipment, involves measuring sum and difference between time periods required for positive charging and negative discharging of capacitor to measure degree of ionization of flame Download PDF

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Publication number
NL1035791C2
NL1035791C2 NL1035791A NL1035791A NL1035791C2 NL 1035791 C2 NL1035791 C2 NL 1035791C2 NL 1035791 A NL1035791 A NL 1035791A NL 1035791 A NL1035791 A NL 1035791A NL 1035791 C2 NL1035791 C2 NL 1035791C2
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
aforementioned
measurement method
ionization
flame
measured
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NL1035791A
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Dutch (nl)
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NL1035791A1 (en
Inventor
Philip Emanuel Bosma
Willem Ouwerkerk
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Philip Emanuel Bosma
Willem Ouwerkerk
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Priority to NL1035791A priority Critical patent/NL1035791C2/en
Publication of NL1035791A1 publication Critical patent/NL1035791A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/12—Flame sensors with flame rectification current detecting means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves supplying an electrical signal through a capacitor (102) on two electrodes in a flame produced by a burner, so that an ionization current passing through a diode (103) and ionization resistors (104, 105) is made alternatively positive and negative. A sum and a difference between a time period required for the positive charging of the capacitor and another time period required for the negative discharging of the capacitor are measured by using of a voltmeter (101) to measure a degree of ionization of the flame at positive and negative charges.

Description

Meetmethode welke door middel van een elektrische stroom via twee elektroden door een vlam heen kontroleert of de brander van een gasgestookt apparaat de brandstof daadwerkelijk verbrandt zodat deze na de ontsteking blijft branden.Measurement method which, by means of an electric current via two electrodes, checks through a flame whether the burner of a gas-fired device actually burns the fuel so that it continues to burn after ignition.

5 De vinding heeft betrekking op een meetmethode om met een grote nauwkeurigheid, met behulp van positieve laagspanning en een via een condensator uit een digitale uitgang geleverde zuivere wisselspanning de ionisatie van een gasvlam te detecteren. Zij heeft ook betrekking op het detecteren van kortsluiting of vervuiling tussen de elektroden waarbij de ionisatieweerstand 105 oneindig hoog wordt, geen betrouwbare meting plaats 10 kan vinden en derhalve de gastoevoer gestaakt dient te worden.The invention relates to a measuring method for detecting the ionization of a gas flame with a high accuracy, with the aid of positive low voltage and a pure alternating voltage supplied via a capacitor from a digital output. It also relates to the detection of short-circuiting or fouling between the electrodes where the ionization resistance 105 becomes infinitely high, a reliable measurement cannot take place and the gas supply must therefore be stopped.

De elektronische schakeling kan worden toegepast met de elektrode die voor het ontsteken van de gasvlam wordt gebruikt waarbij de tweede elektrode kan worden gevormd door een thermokoppel of het metaal waaruit de brander is vervaardigd.The electronic circuit can be used with the electrode used for igniting the gas flame, the second electrode being formed by a thermocouple or the metal from which the burner is made.

1515

De schakeling bestaat in haar eenvoudigste vorm uit een signaalgever 100, een condensator 102, het ionisatienetwerk bestaande uit een ionisatieweerstand 104 parallel aan de serieschakeling van ionisatiediode 103, ionisatieweerstand 105 en een voltmeter 101. Signaalgever 100 en voltmeter 101 kunnen daarbij deel uitmaken van 2q microprocessor 106 maar dit is niet noodzakelijk.The circuit consists in its simplest form of a signal generator 100, a capacitor 102, the ionization network consisting of an ionization resistor 104 parallel to the series connection of ionization diode 103, ionization resistor 105 and a voltmeter 101. Signal transmitter 100 and voltmeter 101 can thereby form part of a microprocessor 106 but this is not necessary.

·" ' 5 7 9 1· "5 7 9 1

Claims (2)

20 Claim 4: De meetmethoden van Claim 1, 2 en 3 waarbij de vlam door het verbranden van gas zoals aardgas wordt veroorzaakt. Claim 5: De meetmethode van Claim 1, 2 en 3 waarbij tenminste een van de genoemde elektroden tevens wordt gebruikt voor de elektrische ontsteking van de genoemde vlam.Claim 4: The measurement methods of Claims 1, 2 and 3 where the flame is caused by the burning of gas such as natural gas. Claim 5: The measurement method of Claims 1, 2 and 3 in which at least one of the said electrodes is also used for the electrical ignition of the said flame. 25 Claim 6: De meetmethoden van Claim 1 tot en met 4 waarbij een van de genoemde elektroden een thermokoppel is waarmee de temperatuur van de vlam wordt gemeten. Claim 7: De meetmethode als alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarin de beoordeling van de gemeten ionisatiewaarde wordt gebruikt om een thermokoppelonderbreker 30 aan te sturen waarmee de bekrachtiging van de veiligheidsklep door het thermokoppel kan worden opgeheven. 1035791 Claim 8: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de spanning van het genoemde signaal pulsvormig verloopt waardoor de stroom exponentieel verloopt. Claim 9: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de spanning 5 van het genoemde signaal lineair verloopt omdat de stroom gestabiliseerd wordt. Claim 10: Fe meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de meting van de genoemde positieve oplading en genoemde negatieve ontlading over de ionisatiediode 103 en ionisatieweerstanden 104 en 105 geschiedt door het sommeren van een aantal bemonsteringen die door voltmeter 101 met bepaalde 10 tijdsintervallen achter elkaar worden genomen van deze spanning. Claim 11: De meetmethode van Claim 6 waarbij de genoemde schakeling deel uitmaakt van de schakeling voor de elektronische ontsteking van de genoemde vlam en voltmeter 101 tevens de stroom van de ontsteekring meet en de besturing kan beoordelen of deze ontsteekstroom aan gestelde voorwaarden voldoet. 1S Claim 12. De meetmethode van de hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij voltmeter 101 en signaalgever 100 deel uitmaken van een elektronische besturing zoals een microprocessor. Claim 13: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij tenminste signaalgever 100, voltmeter 101, condensator 102 en zenerdioden 106 en 107 alle 20 deel uitmaken van een speciaal voor deze toepassing ontworpen geïntegreerde schakeling. Claim 14: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de genoemde besturing aan de hand van de gemeten tijdsduur van positieve oplading en negatieve ontlading vast kan stellen dat de twee genoemde ionisatie-elektroden kortgesloten 25 zijn en aldus de gastoevoer kan staken. Claim 15: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de gnoemde besturing aan de hand van de gemeten tijdsduur van positieve oplading en negatieve ontlading vast kan stellen dat de twee genoemde ionisatie-elektroden door vervuiling permanent hoogohmig met elkaar verbonden zijn en aldus de pastoevoer kan 30 staken. Claim 16: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de genoemde besturing aan de hand van de gemeten tijdsduur van positieve oplading en negatieve ontlading vast kan stellen dat de meetelektrode een elektrische storing ontvangt -bijvoorbeeld door aanraking - waarna de genoemde besturing een waarschuwing 35 kan afgeven dan wel de gastoevoer kan staken. Claim 17: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij vooraf gemeten ionisatiewaarden van specifieke situaties worden opgeslagen om tijdens bedrijf de gemeten waarden mee te kunnen vergelijken. Hiertoe behoort tevens de mogelijkheid om verschijnselen zoals veroudering van materialen te voorzien, te 40 registreren en te compenseren. Claim 18: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarbij de ionisatie van een gaskookbrander wordt gemeten en door het ontbreken van een hoogspanningsmeting de aanraakveiligheid is verhoogd. Claim 19: De meetmethode van alle hiervoor genoemde Claims waarmee onvolledige 5 verbranding van de brandstof kan worden gedetecteerd en waarbij deze detectie een waarschuwingssignaal kan doen afgeven voor de mogelijke vorming van gevaarlijke hoeveelheden giftige verbrandingsproducten zoals koolmonoxide of de gastoevoer kan onderbreken om de vorming ervan te voorkomen. 1035791Claim 6: The measurement methods of Claims 1 to 4, in which one of the electrodes is a thermocouple with which the temperature of the flame is measured. Claim 7: The measurement method as all of the aforementioned Claims in which the assessment of the measured ionization value is used to control a thermocouple circuit breaker 30 with which the excitation of the safety valve by the thermocouple can be canceled. 1035791 Claim 8: The measurement method of all of the aforementioned Claims where the voltage of the said signal is pulsed, so that the current runs exponentially. Claim 9: The measurement method of all the aforementioned Claims where the voltage of the said signal is linear because the current is stabilized. Claim 10: Fe measurement method for all of the aforementioned Claims in which the measurement of said positive charge and said negative discharge over the ionization diode 103 and ionization resistors 104 and 105 takes place by summing a number of samples which are successively sequenced by voltmeter 101 at certain 10 time intervals taken from this tension. Claim 11: The measurement method of Claim 6 wherein said circuit forms part of the circuit for the electronic ignition of said flame and voltmeter 101 and also measures the current of the ignition ring and the control can judge whether this ignition current satisfies the set conditions. 1S Claim 12. The measurement method of the aforementioned Claims where voltmeter 101 and signal generator 100 form part of an electronic control such as a microprocessor. Claim 13: The measurement method of all the aforementioned Claims in which at least signal generator 100, voltmeter 101, capacitor 102 and zener diodes 106 and 107 all form part of an integrated circuit specially designed for this application. Claim 14: The measurement method of all of the aforementioned Claims wherein said control can determine on the basis of the measured duration of positive charge and negative discharge that the two said ionization electrodes are short-circuited and thus can stop the gas supply. Claim 15: The measurement method of all of the aforementioned Claims in which the above-mentioned control can determine on the basis of the measured duration of positive charge and negative discharge that the two aforementioned ionization electrodes are permanently high-imperviously connected to each other due to fouling and thus the paste supply can 30 stakes. Claim 16: The measurement method of all of the aforementioned Claims wherein the said control can determine on the basis of the measured duration of positive charge and negative discharge that the measuring electrode receives an electrical fault - for example by touch - after which said control can issue a warning 35 or can stop the gas supply. Claim 17: The measurement method of all of the aforementioned Claims where previously measured ionization values of specific situations are stored in order to be able to compare the measured values during operation. This also includes the possibility of providing, registering and compensating for phenomena such as aging of materials. Claim 18: The measurement method of all the aforementioned Claims in which the ionization of a gas boiling burner is measured and the lack of a high-voltage measurement increases touch protection. Claim 19: The measurement method of all the aforementioned Claims with which incomplete combustion of the fuel can be detected and whereby this detection can give a warning signal for the possible formation of dangerous quantities of toxic combustion products such as carbon monoxide or the gas supply to interrupt its formation appearance. 1035791
NL1035791A 2008-08-05 2008-08-05 Flame ionization method for gas-fired equipment, involves measuring sum and difference between time periods required for positive charging and negative discharging of capacitor to measure degree of ionization of flame NL1035791C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1035791A NL1035791C2 (en) 2008-08-05 2008-08-05 Flame ionization method for gas-fired equipment, involves measuring sum and difference between time periods required for positive charging and negative discharging of capacitor to measure degree of ionization of flame

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1035791 2008-08-05
NL1035791A NL1035791C2 (en) 2008-08-05 2008-08-05 Flame ionization method for gas-fired equipment, involves measuring sum and difference between time periods required for positive charging and negative discharging of capacitor to measure degree of ionization of flame

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NL1035791A1 NL1035791A1 (en) 2008-11-06
NL1035791C2 true NL1035791C2 (en) 2009-06-10

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62255729A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Circuit to detect condition of combustion
US5899683A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
GB2367172A (en) * 2000-04-26 2002-03-27 Pektron Group Ltd Flame detection apparatus
DE102005024763B3 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-06-08 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating device, has combustion chamber with ionization electrode for detecting ionization signals and evaluation unit coupled with fuel valve for controlling of fuel valve in dependence of evaluated time process of alternating voltage
US20070019361A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2007-01-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for flame monitoring

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62255729A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Circuit to detect condition of combustion
US5899683A (en) * 1996-05-09 1999-05-04 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Process and device for operating a gas burner
GB2367172A (en) * 2000-04-26 2002-03-27 Pektron Group Ltd Flame detection apparatus
US20070019361A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2007-01-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for flame monitoring
DE102005024763B3 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-06-08 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Heating device, has combustion chamber with ionization electrode for detecting ionization signals and evaluation unit coupled with fuel valve for controlling of fuel valve in dependence of evaluated time process of alternating voltage

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