NL1030026C1 - Administering and evacuation system. - Google Patents

Description

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Title: Administration and evacuation system

The invention relates to a method and device for the combined administration and evacuation of a gas other than ambient air, and more particularly to an apparatus that can be connected to a face mask applied and attached to a patient around a gas then administer ambient air and evacuate the exhaled gas.

An example of such a gas other than ambient air is nitrogen non-oxide. Nitric oxide is a narcotic gas that is used extensively in hospitals and ambulances. It is usually administered with ambient air or oxygen through a face mask that the patient can set up and take away as needed. Thereby the administration is controlled by a demand-driven supply valve (demand valve), which opens when the patient inhales with the face piece placed over mouth and nose. The face piece is also provided with a | evacuation connection with a non-return valve, which is connected to an evacuation system, to evacuate all gases exhaled therein, including the largely exhaled nitrogen nonoxide.

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The administration of nitrogen non-oxide causes a slight intoxication that calms the patient during medical treatment. As long as the patient is aware, he will be able to place the face piece over his own mouth and nose without the intervention of treatment personnel to administer nitrogen nitric oxide himself, evacuating the exhaled gases. With a deeper intoxication, the patient will no longer be able to do this and the demand-driven supply valve will automatically stop the supply of nitric oxide, thereby preventing overdose.

At the same time, the nitric oxide present and exhaled in the patient's lungs is no longer evacuated, whereby the personnel present are exposed to this.

The limit value for nitric oxide during a working day of 8 hours is 50 ppm. Significantly higher concentrations can be found in rooms where nitric oxide is administered.

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The effects of prolonged exposure to nitric oxide described in the literature include: neurological disorders and impaired fertility.

Combined administration and evacuation systems for nitric oxide are known from practice. For example, Saber Safety provides a demand-driven supply valve, which is equipped with a gas supply line, an evacuation connection with a non-return valve and a patient connection that is connected to a face mask.

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The advantage of such a system is that the patient himself can control the administration of nitric oxide by placing the face piece over mouth and nose and then breathing in. The disadvantage of this is that the gases exhaled by the patient are only evacuated if the face mask is placed over his mouth and nose and not as soon as the patient lowers the face mask.

Individual evacuation systems are also known from practice.

WO2004010892 discloses an evacuation system for narcotising gas, which comprises a (ring-shaped) housing with one or more openings adjacent to the! The patient's mouth (e.g., around the neck) may be brought from the patient, the housing being connected to evacuating means for evacuating the exhaled narcotic gases.

The advantage of such a system is that the exhaled gases are permanently evacuated.

The disadvantage of this is that the patient cannot influence the administration himself and that not all exhaled narcotic gases are evacuated.

The invention contemplates an effective method and device for the combined administration and evacuation of a gas other than ambient air with which the disadvantages mentioned can be counteracted while retaining the advantages.

To this end, the invention provides a device according to claim 1. 15

The device can for instance be provided with a bypass channel for admitting ambient air with a shut-off valve forced into it by a helical spring, which valve can be closed by means of a push button. By simultaneously closing off the ambient air and inhaling, it can be achieved that the supply of nitric oxide is activated and the patient can inhale nitric oxide. The device is preferably provided with non-return valves that prevent exhaled gases from flowing through the bypass channel to the environment and that gases are inhaled from the evacuation line. In this way an effective separation between inhalation and exhalation is obtained in practice and the patient can choose to inhale ambient air via the bypass channel or nitric oxide via the demand-driven supply valve. An additional advantage of using this bypass channel is that the face mask can be permanently attached over the nose and mouth of the patient. It is thus achieved that the risk of leakage and thus exposure of the personnel present is reduced to a minimum. The non-return valve in the evacuation opening takes over the function of the non-return valve in the aforementioned demand-controlled supply valve, which must therefore be removed.

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Such a device can be designed in a variety of ways, whereby it can be fitted in a simple manner into an existing system for administering a gas other than ambient air. The bypass channel is preferably dimensioned such that in the open position of the valve the ambient air can flow freely and without restrictions.

The invention also relates to a method for the combined administration and evacuation of gas other than ambient air.

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The invention will be further elucidated with reference to exemplary embodiments represented in drawings. In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-section of a device known from practice for the combined administration and evacuation of nitric oxide;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-section of the same device with a bypass element according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-section of the bypass element of FIG. 2 with the valve open; and

Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-section of the same bypass element with the valve closed.

The drawings are merely schematic, non-limiting representations of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

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Figure 1 shows a demand-controlled valve system 14 provided with a patient connection 14A, an evacuation connection 14B, a non-return valve 14C and a gas supply connection 14D. The operation of the demand-controlled valve system is based on a pressure-sensitive diaphragm that operates as a lever a needle valve, which needle valve controls the gas supply. GB 2274595 contains a description of the operation of such a system.

Figure 2 shows how the bypass element according to the invention is connected to the system of Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a housing 1, comprising a valve housing 2 with annular edge 2A, a button 3 connected to a valve 3A, which is pressed against edge 2A by coil spring 4. Valve housing 2 further comprises an annular valve seat 5A, ports 5, annular channel 6 and non-return valve 7 resting on valve seat 6A. The channel 6 communicates with the channel 8 as soon as the non-return valve 7 opens.

Housing 1 further comprises a channel 9 which communicates with channel 8 and a non-return valve 10 with valve seat 10A and openings 11 and 12. Non-return valve 10 herein replaces non-return valve 14C of Fig. 1. Opening 11 is connected to an evacuation system (not shown) and opening 12 is connected to the evacuation opening of the demand-controlled valve system 14B. The nitric oxide connection is preferably implemented with a restriction that maximizes the flow at 16 L / min. The evacuation system preferably has a capacity of at least 35 L / min, so that no leakage of nitric oxide is possible. For the same reason, the face mask is preferably attached to the patient's face with tapes.

As the patient inhales, check valve 10 closes on valve seat 10A and check valve 7 opens, allowing ambient air to flow through ports 5 through channels 6, 8 and 9 to the face mask and be inhaled by the patient.

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When the patient exhales, non-return valve 7 closes on valve seat 6A and non-return valve 10 opens, evacuating the exhaled air through opening 11.

FIG. 4 shows the situation that the button 3 has been pressed, as a result of which the valve 3A on the seat 5A closes the gates 5 and no ambient air can flow in. When the patient now inhales, a vacuum is created in channel 8, as a result of which the non-return valve 10 closes and the nitrogen monoxide supply is activated by the demand-controlled valve system. The nitric oxide flows to the face mask and is inhaled by the patient. When the patient no longer inhales, the demand-driven valve system shuts off the supply of nitric oxide. As the patient exhales, non-return valve 10 opens, evacuating the exhaled air and nitric oxide. The bypass channel 15 is also flushed with ambient air, as a result of which no nitric oxide can escape.

Said parts can for instance be manufactured from plastic material. If metal, for example the spring, is chosen, phosphor bronze can for instance be used to prevent magnetic influences. This makes it possible to use the attachment in and on the MRI.

The invention is also suitable for administering an aerosol containing a gas other than ambient air to a patient and evacuating the exhaled aerosol. To that end, the demand-driven supply valve from Fig. 1 can for instance be replaced by an aerosol generator such as a nebulizer.

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The invention therefore relates to a device for administering a gas other than ambient air to a patient via the airway, comprising a face mask provided with fastening means which can form a substantially leak-proof breathing space over the nose and mouth on the face of a patient. are secured, a bypass conduit leading to an exhalation valve closing on the breathing space for supplying ambient air which is provided with manually operable blocking means, an evacuation conduit leading to an evacuation conduit leading to a breathing space closing on the breathing space for evacuating gas contained therein from the breathing space , and a supply of gas leading to the breathing space with gas other than ambient air which is provided with a demand-controlled supply valve that opens at an underpressure in the breathing space caused by inhalation with blocked bypass line.

The blocking means are preferably adapted to be open in the uncontrolled state.

The blocking means can for instance comprise a spring-loaded push button with valve.

The invention therefore furthermore relates to a bypass element for a device for administering via the airway a gas other than ambient air to a patient, comprising a housing having a first opening for connection to a face mask and a second opening for connection to an evacuation hose extending channel, further comprising a bypass channel surrounded by a valve housing extending from at least one suction opening to the channel, wherein manually operable blocking means are included in the bypass channel.

The manually operable blocking means preferably comprise a spring-loaded push button with a valve body which blocks the bypass channel during operation.

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The bypass channel and the channel in the housing are preferably each provided with a non-return valve.

The invention therefore furthermore relates to a method for administering a gas other than ambient air to a patient via the airway, wherein a face mask is fixed on the face of the patient with the formation of a substantially leak-proof closed breathing space over the nose and mouth, and wherein the patient can breathe in ambient air supplied via a bypass line from the breathing space and wherein the gases exhaled by the patient in the breathing space and any other gases present therein are evacuated if the patient does not inhale, wherein the patient by temporary, manual blocking of the bypass line during inhalation, a supply of gas with gas other than ambient air to the breathing space can temporarily activate.

The gas other than ambient air preferably comprises a medicinal concentration of nitric oxide.

The bypass line preferably opens automatically when the manual blocking is not operated.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described here. Many variations are possible within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims.

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Claims (9)

1. Device for administering a gas other than ambient air to a patient via the airway, comprising a face mask provided with fastening means which can be fixed on the face of a patient while forming a substantially leak-proof breathing space over the nose and mouth, a bypass conduit leading to the breathing chamber via a non-return valve closing on exhalation for supplying ambient air which is provided with manually operable blocking means, an evacuation conduit leading to a breathing chamber closing onto the breathing chamber via an inhalation closing valve for evacuating gas contained therein from the breathing space 10, and a gas present therein; supply of gas leading to the breathing space with gas other than ambient air which is provided with a demand-controlled supply valve that opens at a reduced pressure in the breathing space caused by inhalation with blocked bypass line. 2. Device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blocking means are adapted to be open in the non-operated state. Device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the blocking means comprise a spring-loaded push button with valve. 4. Bypass element for a device for administering a gas other than ambient air via the airway, comprising a housing with a channel extending between a first opening for connection to a face mask and a second opening for connection to an evacuation hose, comprising a bypass channel surrounded by a valve housing which extends from at least one suction opening to the channel, wherein manually operable blocking means are included in the bypass channel 25. 1030026_ Device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the manually operable blocking means comprise a spring-loaded push button with a valve body which blocks the bypass channel when operated. 6. A bypass element according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the bypass channel 5 and the channel in the housing are each provided with a non-return valve. 7. Method for administering a gas other than ambient air to a patient via the airway, wherein a face mask is fixed over the nose and mouth on the face of the patient, forming a substantially leak-proof breathing space, and wherein the patient 10 can feed in a bypass line supplied with ambient air from the breathing space and wherein the gases exhaled by the patient in the breathing space and any other gases present therein are evacuated if the patient does not inhale, wherein the patient by temporary, manual blocking of the bypass line during inhalation, a supply of gas other than ambient air at the breathing space can temporarily activate. The method of claim 7, wherein the gas other than ambient air comprises a medicinal concentration of nitric oxide. A method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the bypass line opens automatically when the manual block is not operated. 1030026 j