NL1020344C2 - Insect controlling composition comprising hydrophobic amorphous silica used against, e.g. Dermanyssus gallinae, in the treatment of pets, livestock, and birds - Google Patents

Abstract

An insect controlling composition comprising (wt.% based on composition dry matter) carrier, and hydrophobic amorphous silica (5-50, preferably 25-35 wt.%) as an active ingredient is new.

Description

Short description: Composition with insect repellent effect

The present invention relates to a composition with insect repellent effect, in particular to a composition with insect repellent against the aphid Dermanyssus gallinae.

A problem that arises with known insect control agents is that on the one hand resistance has been built up against a number of insect control agents (such as with carbaryl® and solfac®), and on the other hand a number of still effective insect control agents are prohibited by governments because of their harmful side effects.

The above problem arises in particular in the control of insects in birds, in particular chickens.

It has been found that in the absence of suitable insect control agents, the chickens themselves fall into a lesser condition. In the case of a poultry plague, for example, the chickens suffer from anemia. Furthermore, the condition of the chicken influences its eggs, since the reduced condition of the chicken lowers egg production. There is also a chance that the eggs of the chicken will be stained. As a result, the eggs obtain a less attractive appearance and thus their price drops.

It will thus be apparent that there is a continuing need in the art to provide new insect control agents.

It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a solution to the above problem. It is a further object of the present invention to provide an insect repellent composition that can be used ecologically, i.e. without harmful side effects to the environment.

The above objects are achieved by the present invention by an insect repellent composition comprising as active ingredient at least hydrophobic amorphous silica.

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Surprisingly, it has been found that, as will be explained below by testing, the composition according to the invention has a particularly effective insect control.

A special advantage of the composition according to the present invention is that the composition can be obtained in a simple and economical manner.

According to the invention, "insect-fighting action" does not necessarily mean an insect-killing (insecticidal) action, but it can also indicate such action that insects are expelled or, on the contrary, immobilized at a certain position, as long as the negative effects of the presence of the insects to be controlled but are reduced or eliminated.

The composition according to the invention can consist entirely of hydrophobic amorphous silica, but will preferably also comprise a carrier. Suitable carriers include diatomaceous earth, talc, clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, kaolin or mixtures thereof. Particularly suitable carriers include: Talc ST60, Damolin GM2 (Damolin A / S, Fur, Denmark), Arvolite SP and Montmorillonite K10.

It is quickly clear to a person skilled in the art what is meant by hydrophobic silica. Hydrophobic silica is not or difficult to wett with water. Hydrophobic silica can be obtained inter alia by reacting suitable chlorosilanes with silanol groups on the silica surface of the hydrophilic silica. Hydrophobic silica can also be obtained commercially as such. Suitable amorphous hydrophobic silicas include Sipernat® DIO, Sipernat® D17, Sipernat® C600, Sipernat® C630 (available from Degussa).

According to the present invention, it is preferable that the amorphous silica has a hydrophobicity such that the silanol powder is non-wettable as described in "The

Registration Handbook - Annex point lila 2.8.1, method MT 53.3 ", that is, water dripped onto the silica is still transparent after 1 hour. It has been found that especially Sipernat® D10 and Sipernat® D17 provide very favorable results.

Suitable results have been obtained with a composition containing 5-50% by weight, preferably 20-40% by weight, most preferably 25-35% by weight of hydrophobic amorphous silica. When using less than 5% by weight of hydrophobic silica, the effectiveness is not sufficient in some cases. More than 50% by weight of hydrophobic silica makes the composition too expensive, and this amount can also be harmful to animals to be treated, such as chickens.

In principle, any type of hydrophobic amorphous silica can be used in the composition according to the invention. Preferably, however, the hydrophobic amorphous silica has a specific surface area of 80-250 m2 / g, preferably 90-160 m2 / g, most preferably 90-110 m2 / g, as determined by ISO 5794-1.

Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the hydrophobic amorphous silica has an average particle size of 2-10 microns, preferably 4-8 microns, most preferably 6.5-7.5 microns, as determined by ASTM C 690-1992.

Tests further explained below have shown that a particularly beneficial insect control effect can be obtained if the composition further comprises an addition selected from the group consisting of garlic, onion concentrate, black pepper, cayenne pepper, horseradish, bell pepper, spicy bell pepper, menthol-eucalyptus concentrate or a mixture thereof, preferably in powder form. Preferably the addition constitutes 1-10% by weight, preferably 1-5% by weight, preferably about 2% by weight of the composition.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the composition according to the invention, the hydrophobic amorphous silica has a specific surface of 90-110 m2 / g, as determined by ISO 5794-1, and an average particle size of 6.5-7.5 micrometers, such as determined by ASTM C 690-1992. It is particularly preferred that the composition contains 1-5% by weight of onion concentrate.

The present invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention as an insecticide, in particular against one of the insects selected from the group consisting of lice, cockroaches, flies and garden ants, in particular Dermanyssus gallinae,

Blatella germanica, Calliphora vomitora and Lasius niger, more particularly Dermanyssus gallinae.

The present invention further relates to the use of the composition according to the invention as an active ingredient for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation with insecticidal action, in particular for the treatment of birds, such as chickens, pigeons and ornamental birds, and more in particular special chickens.

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The use according to the invention has been found to be particularly effective against one of the insects selected from the group consisting of lice, cockroaches, flies and garden ants, in particular Dermanyssus gallinae, Blatella germanica, Calliphora vomitora and Lasius niger, more in particular particularly Dermanyssus gallinae.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a number of non-limiting exemplary embodiments.

Example 1 Laboratory evaluation of the insect control activity of various compositions on Dermanyssus gallinae.

A. Compositions

The following compositions were prepared by mixing the ingredients indicated in Table 1.

____ Table 1 .____

Samen- Silica Carrier Other

Theorem no.

1-1 32.5% by weight of Sipernat® 62.5% by weight 2.5% by weight of D17 Damolin onion concentrate + 2.5% by weight of menthol eucalyptus concentrate 1-2 35% by weight of Sipernat® D17 65% by weight Damolin - 1-3 32.5% by weight of Sipernat® 62.5% by weight of 5% by weight of garlic powder D17 Damolin 1-4 Sipernat® D17 Damolin horseradish powder 1-5 Sipernat® D17 Damolin paprika powder 1-6 Sipernat® D17 Damolin cayenne pepper 1-7 Sipernat® D17 Damolin black pepper 1-8 Sipernat® D17 Damolin Onion concentrate 1-9 Sipernat® D17 Talc ST60 __ - _

Sipernat® D17 is available from Degussa; Damolin at; Talc ST60 at. The remaining ingredients were purchased at a supermarket.

20 B. Comparison test

Adult Dermanyssus gallinae were collected in various chicken houses and were used to determine the insect control activity of the compositions shown in? "I". 4 ** * v - 5 - table 1. The percentage of mortality (mean of 6 to 14 independent experiments) was measured after 24 hours, 28 hours and 72 hours after applying 0.5 g of composition in a petri dish (diameter: 9 cm ), in which live, adult Dermanyssus gallinae were released. During the test, the temperature was kept at 22-23 ° C. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Percentage mortality (average of 6 to 14 independent experiments) 10

Composition 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr no.

_1-1__96.6 ± 0.2__97.9 ± 0.2__99.6 ± 0.1 _1-2__97.0 + 0.1__98.2 ± 0.2__99.7 ± 0.1 1-3__98__98__98_ _1-4__98__98__98_ _1- 5__98__98__98_ 1-6 ___ 98__98__98_ _1-7__98__98__98_ _1-8__98__98__98_ _1-9__98_ 98_ 98_

The same test was repeated, but now at a temperature of 28-30 ° C. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Mortality percentage (average of 6 to 14 independent experiments) _

Composition 24 hr 48 hr 72 hr no.

_1-3__98__99__100_ _1-4__98__98__99_ _1-5 ____ 98__99__100_ _1-6__98__98__99_ _1-7__98__99__100_ _1-8__98__98__99_ __1-9__98__98__99_ 10, - 6-

From the previous Tables 2 and 3 it appears that the tested compositions already show a high effectiveness at room temperature. The Dermany'ssus gallinae blood lice were immediately immobilized after contact with the powder. Small amounts of 5 protonymphs and a number of deutonymphs could survive for a few days but were unable to move. Increasing the temperature led to increased mortality, probably due to faster "drying up" of the immobilized insects. The additional additives, in particular garlic (1-3), bell pepper (1-5) and black pepper (1-7) were also found to increase effectiveness.

Example 2

Laboratory evaluation of the insect control activity of various compositions on Blatella germanica.

A. Compositions

The following materials were prepared by mixing the components listed in Table 4.

20 Table 4. ___

Composition Silica Carrier Other No. _ _2-1_ CaboSil M5_____ _ 2-2__Sipernat® D17____ 2-3 Alumina C _ 2-4 5 wt% Sipernat® D17 ST60 (Talc) __ 2-5 10 wt% Sipernat® D17 ST60 (Talc) 2-6 20 wt% Sipernat® D17 ST60 (Talc) 2-7 30 wt% Sipernat® D17 ST60 (Talc) 2-9 20 wt% Sipernat® D17 Damolin GM2 _______ 2-10 30 wt% Sipernat® D17 Damolin GM2 2-11 Damolin GM2 2-12 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 65 wt%

Damolin GM2 2-13 34 wt% Sipernat® D17 64 wt% 2 wt%

Damolin GM2 onion concentrate 2-14 Sipernat® D17 2% by weight onion concentrate and 2% menthol- 7-eucalyptus concentrate 2-15 17.5% by weight Sipernat® Damolin GM2 D17 17.5% by weight CaboSil M5 _ 2-16 35 wt% CaboSil M5 Damolin GM2__

Sipernat® D17 is available from Degussa; Damolin at; Talc ST60 at; CaboSil M5 at; Alumina C. The remaining ingredients were purchased at a supermarket.

5 B. Evaluation test

The compositions listed in Table 4 were used to perform mortality tests on the German cockroach Blatella germanica. All tests were performed using 10 plastic boxes (length x width x height: 38 cm x 20 cm x 25 cm) provided with a shelter, a water bowl and a food bowl. The box was divided into two equal parts, one part being dusted with 5 g of the chosen powder composition; the other part remained powder-free. The water tray and the food tray were placed in the part 15 that was dusted with powder, the shelter was placed in the powder-free part. All experiments were performed under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Ten insects (Blatella germanica) without age or sex preselection (last stage nymphs, males and females, but no pregnant females) were used per separate experiment. The insects were acclimatized for 24 hours. Dry white bread was used as standard food. The mortality observations were performed several times during the 24-hour test. The results are shown in Table 5a-5e.

25

Table 5a. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 tests).

Temperature = 20 C, relative humidity = 90%.

Time [min] __ ^ _- "--- 2-1 2-2 2-3" "" Test Material start 000 __90_ 0__37__0_ _ 180__12_ £ 0__9_ _1440__ £ 7_ _100__18_ - 8-

Table 5a shows that Sipernat® D17 (2-2) shows a particularly favorable effectiveness.

Table 5b. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 tests).

5 Temperature = 2 3 C, relative humidity = 84% .___

Ti j d 2-4 2-5 2-2 2-6 2-7 2-8. "" Test Material __

Start 0 0 0__0__0__0 _285__0__0__50__9__55__45 _1440_ 8 23 100__55 100 60

Table 5c. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 tests).

Temperature = 36 C, relative humidity = 90%.

TimeLmiu ^^ - "2-7 2-9 2-10 2-11 -" Test Material start 0 0 0__0 90 10 0__20__0_ _180 90 _70__100__0_ _1440__100__80__100_ 30_

Table 5d. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 tests).

10 Temperature = 3 6 C, relative humidity = 85%.

Timemin] ^ -— '"" "" ^ 2-12 2-13 2-14 —- "" Test Material start 0 0 0_ _60____20_ 10 _0_ _150__40__50__40_ 1080__90_ 90 90_ _1440__90__90__100_

Table 5e. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 tests).

Temperature = 25 C, relative humidity = 70% .____

TimeLmin] ^ - 2-12 2-15 2-16 "Test Material _start_ 0 0 0_ _180_ 0__0__0_ _1140__100__70__30_ - (* r>, - ·>; ° '' i- 4 _1440__100_ 70 30_ - 9-

The preceding Tables 5a-5e show the insect control action of the compositions according to the invention.

Example 3 Laboratory evaluation of insect control activity of various compositions on Blatella germanica (forced mortality test) A. Compositions

The following compositions were prepared by mixing the in

Table 6 components.

15 _Table 6 .___

Compound Silica Carrier Other scaffolding______ 3-1 35% by weight Sipernat® D17 Damolin GM2 _ 3-2 35% by weight Sipernat® D10 Damolin GM2__ 3-3 35% by weight Sipernat® D600 Damolin GM2__ 3-4 35% by weight Sipernat® D630 Damolin GM2__ 3-5 Arvolite SP _ 3-6 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Arvolite SP___ 3-7 Talc ST60__ 3-8 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Talc ST60__ 3-9 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Talc ST60, 32.5 wt% Arvolite 3-10 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Damolin GM2 and 32.5 wt% Arvolite 3-11 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Damolin GM2 and 32.5 wt. % ST60 ___ 3-12 Sipernat® D17 ___ 5% tea saponin 3-13 35% by weight Sipernat® D17 Montmorillonite K10__ 3-14 35% by weight Sipernat® D17 Moler KM-W _________ 3-15 35% by weight Sipernat® D17 Alumina C___ 3-17 35 wt% Sipernat® D17 Norit SX ultra 3-18 18.5 wt% Sipernat® 62.5 wt% Damolin 5 wt%

Dl7 GM2 garlic powder - 10- 3-19 Sipernat® D17 5 wt% horseradish powder 3-20 Sipernat® D17 5 wt% paprika powder 3-21 Sipernat® D17 5 wt% Cayenne pepper 3-22 Sipernat® D17 5 wt. % black pepper_ 3-23 Sipernat® D17 5% by weight onion concentrate

Sipernat® D17 is available from Degussa; Damolin at; Talc ST60 at; Moler KM-W at, · Arvolite SP at; K10 at. The remaining ingredients were purchased at a supermarket.

5 B. Testing

All of the tests listed below (Tables 7-12) were performed using plastic boxes (length x width x height: 38 cm x 20 cm x 25 cm) as test area. Insects without age or sex pre-selection (nymphs at a later stage, males and females, but not pregnant females) were used per separate experiment. The insects were set free in the plastic box and 1 g of the powder composition was added at once. The box was gently shaken to spread the powder over the entire surface. The cockroaches came in direct contact with the tested compositions. The mortality observations were performed several times. All the experiments were performed under the aforementioned controlled temperature and humidity conditions.

20

Compositions 3-1 to 3-4 from Table 6 were subjected to mortality tests at 20 ° C and 60% relative humidity to indicate the influence of the different hydrophobic silicas. The results are shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Mortality percentage (average of 3 independent tests) 25 - 11-

Time [min] ___ ^ .— 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 ..-- • - '' '' Test Material__ _start__0__0__0__0_ _150__0__10__50__30_ 240 _60__40 100__100 480 100 _100__100__100

The same test was repeated at a temperature of 22 ° C and a relative humidity of 65%. The results are shown in Table 8.

5 Table 8. Percentage of mortality (average of 3 independent tests) _

Time —— ”3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 —'Test Material _start__0__0__0__0_ _150__20__10__90__90_ _240__40__80__100__100 _480__100__100__100__100

Compositions 3-1 and 3-5 to 3-8 were subjected to mortality tests at 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 72% to compare the influence of various mineral carriers. The results are shown in Table 9

Table 9. Mortality rate (average of 3 independent tests) ________

Time [min] __ ^ ----- 3-1 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 ..— "" Test Material _Start__0__0__0__0__0 _200 0__0__0__0__0 _290 40__10__10__30__40 350__70__50__70__40__60 _480 100 90__100__60__60 15

Furthermore, mortality tests were performed at 19 ° C and a relative humidity of 60% (table 10), a temperature of 19 ° C and a relative humidity of 65% (table 11) and a temperature of 20 ° C and a relative humidity of 60% 20 (table 12).

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Table 10. Mortality rate (average of 3 independent tests) _____________ -,

Time [min. of 3 independent tests) _

Time [min] ^ _--— 3-1 3-12 3-13 .- '' '"' Test Material _Start_ 0 0 0 _ 240__20__0__10_ _300__60__40__50_ _360__100__90__100_ _480 100__100_ 100

Table 12. Mortality rate (average of 3 independent tests)

Time d [min] __ ^ ~ --— '3-1 3-14 3-15 3-17 .--- Test Material _Start__0__0 0 0 _270__0__10__ 50 60 330_ 30__20__100 100 _ 390__60__50__100 100 _480__100__ 80 100 100

The preceding tables 7-12 show the insect control effect of the compositions according to the invention. It also appears that the use of carrier only (compositions 3-5, 3-7) is less effective.

Example 4 Laboratory evaluation of insect control activity of various compositions on garden ants (Lasius niger).

A. The following compositions were prepared by mixing the ingredients listed in Table 13.

10 _Table 13 .____________

Compound Silica Carrier Other theorem 4-1 27.8 wt% Sipernat 48 wt% Damolin 3.7 wt% D17 GM2 onion concentrate and 3.7 wt% menthol / eucalyptus concentrate 4-3 27.8 wt. % Sipernat 48% by weight Damolin 6% by weight sesame oil _D17_GM2__ B. Testing

Two grams of the powder compositions were used in this test at a temperature of 25 ° C and relative humidity of 80%. The same boxes as in Example 3 were used. 30 garden ants were used per experiment. The results are shown in Table 14. Table 14 clearly shows the superior performance of the composition according to the invention over a conventional ant ant powder.

Table 14. Mortality percentage (average of 3 independent tests) _ ----------------- ”4-1. - '' '' Test Material _Start 0__ _85__8__ _165__16__ _240_ 54__ _315__ 97 g - 14 405 100 _______1440_ 100 ____ 1 g and 0.5 g of powder of formulation 4-1 was used in this test at a temperature of 35 ° C and a relative humidity of 70%. The results are shown in Table 15.

5 Table 15. Mortality rate (average of 3 independent tests)

Time [min] ^, ^ -------- 4-1 (1 g) 4-1 (0.5 g). - Test material

Start 0 0___120_ 13 0_ 180__60__34_ _3 ^ 00__100__100_ _1440 100__100_ 1 g of the powder formulations was used in this test at a temperature of 19 ° C and a relative humidity of 70%. The 10 results are shown in Table 16.

Table 16. Mortality rate (average of 3 independent tests) _

Time [mird ^ ---— "" 1 3 ---- Test Material

Start 0__0_ _80__4__0_ _190__29__38_ _270__79___ 88_ _1260________100 ___100 1440__100__100_ 15 Example 5

Laboratory evaluation of insect control activity of a composition containing Damolin and 35 wt% Sipernat® D17. The test was performed in a specially designed cage of 3 m x 1 m x 1 m, the two long side walls and the ceiling being made of fine mesh. This cage was kept under temperature and humidity control in a greenhouse. Approximately 125 adult Calliphora vomitoria flies were released into the cage. The insects were acclimatized for 24 hours. A cardboard tray (85 cm x 15 cm x 3.5 cm) was then filled with 20 g of the powder formulation, divided by a strip of sugar placed in the center of the cage. Mortality was monitored every hour during a six-hour test. The results are shown in Table 17. The observed mortality was compared with the natural mortality observed in a control test.

Table 17. __

Time (min)% observed mortality __start__0_ _60__0_ _120__0_ _180__9_ _240__25_ _300__38_ _360_ 43_ 10

The above examples clearly show the insect control effect of the compositions according to the invention.

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Claims (15)

An insect repellent composition comprising as active ingredient at least hydrophobic amorphous silica. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a carrier. The composition of claim 2, wherein the carrier is selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, talc, clay, bentonite, montmorillonite, kaolin, or a mixture thereof. 4. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains 5-50% by weight, preferably 20-40% by weight, most preferably 25-35% by weight of hydrophobic amorphous silica. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydrophobic amorphous silica has a specific surface area of> 80-250 m / g, preferably 90-160 m / g, most preferably 90-110 m 2 / g, such as determined by ISO 5794-1. The composition of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hydrophobic amorphous silica has an average particle size of 2-10 microns, preferably 4-8 microns, most preferably 6.5-7.5 microns, as determined by ASTM C 690 -1992. 7. A composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises an addition selected from the group consisting of garlic powder, onion concentrate, powdered black pepper, powdered cayenne pepper, horseradish powder, paprika powder, spicy paprika powder, menthol-eucalyptus concentrate or a mixture thereof. A composition according to claim 7, wherein the addition constitutes 1-10% by weight, preferably 1-5% by weight, preferably about 2% by weight of the composition. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic amorphous silica has a specific surface area of 90-110 m2 / g, as determined by ISO 5794-1, and an average particle size of 6.5-7.5 micrometers, as determined by ASTM C 690-1992. Composition according to claim 9, wherein the composition contains 1-10% by weight, in particular 1-5% by weight of onion concentrate. 11. Use of the composition according to any one of the preceding claims as an insecticide. Use according to claim 11 against one of the insects selected from the group consisting of lice, cockroaches, flies and garden ants, in particular Dermanyssus gallinae, Blatella germanica, Calliphora vomitora and Lasius niger, more in particular Dermanyssus gallinae Use of the composition according to any one of the preceding claims as an active ingredient for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation with insecticidal action. Use according to claim 13, for the treatment of birds, in particular chickens, pigeons and decorative birds, more in particular chickens. Use according to claim 13 or 14 against one of the insects selected from the group consisting of lice, cockroaches, flies and garden ants, in particular Dermanyssus gallinae, Blatella germanica, Calliphora vomitora and Lasius niger, more particularly Dermanyssus gallinae. 15