NL1012363C2 - Connector has contact elements mounted in housing, in which grooves extend transversely - Google Patents

Abstract

Each contact element mounted in the housing, has a contacting portion received in corresponding groove of the housing. The grooves extend transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing. Each contact element has a mounting portion fixed in the groove. The housing comprises two identical interconnected portions which are made of plastic material, and are selectively metallized at the surface opposing to the grooved surface. The contact elements are fixed in the grooves by insulating elements.

Description

Connectors.

The invention relates to connectors of the female and male type, each connector comprising a housing and a number of contact elements mounted in the housing, the housing having surfaces with grooves, each contact element having a spring part which is play received in a corresponding groove and a mounting portion secured in the housing, while in the female connector the spring portion is provided with a contact continuity protruding from the groove, in the male connector the male contact elements are at least over their spring portion are flat, and wherein the spring portion of the male contact members is spaced from the frontal end of the grooves, while the grooves of the male housing have a width less than the width of the spring portion of the female contact members, during the joining of the male and female connectors the gr Male housing bodies are each capable of receiving the spring portions of the female contact elements and guiding and centering them before contacting a male contact element.

Connectors are known in various embodiments. In view of the component cost and use of cabinet space in combination with an increasing requirement for a high density, high speed connector, there is an increasing need for miniaturization of the connector. A limitation in miniaturization of a connector is the requirement of an improved signal integrity in combination with an increased signal clock speed. US-A-4,734,060 discloses connectors, wherein the male and female connectors to be assembled each have a thickened free end contact portion protruding from the corresponding groove. During assembly, sufficient space must be available so that the contact elements can bend over a distance corresponding to twice the size of the thickened part. In addition, the contact elements are not guided or centered during the joining of the connectors and contacting each other. With decreasing dimensions of the contact elements, an accurate mutual positioning of the contact elements becomes increasingly important. The design of these connectors creates restrictions on the miniaturization and manufacture of the connector.

The starting point for the present invention, as described in the preamble of the main claim, is formed by a combination of US-A-4,054,346 and EP-A-0,028,436.

The object of the invention is to provide improved connectors of the type mentioned in the preamble.

To this end, the connectors according to the invention are characterized in that the grooves of the male housing are provided with sloping sides for receiving and centering the contact continuity on the spring parts of the female contact elements.

In this manner, male and female type connectors are obtained, wherein the spring portions of the female contact elements are accurately centered on the actual position of the male contact elements, thus ensuring correct connection between the male and female contact elements.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawing, in which a number of embodiments of the connector according to the invention are shown.

Figure 1 shows a male and female embodiment of the connector according to the invention, the male and female connectors providing a back panel connector assembly.

Figure 2 shows a number of female contact elements used in the female connector according to Figure 1; Figure 2A shows a top view of a number of mutually connected contact elements and Figure 2B shows a side view of one contact element.

Figure 3 shows a number of male contact elements of the male connector according to Figure 1; Figure 3A shows a top view of a number of interconnected contact elements and Figure 3B shows a side view of one contact element.

Figure 4 shows an exploded view of a housing part of the female connector of Figure 1 and a number of interconnected female contact elements to be inserted into the housing part.

Figure 5 shows an exploded view of two housing parts according to Figure 4 with the contact elements inserted.

Figure 6 shows the two housing parts according to Figure 5 in assembled condition.

Figures 7 to 9 show an alternative embodiment of part of a female connector in a manner corresponding to Figures 4 to 6.

Figure 10 shows two female contact elements used in the female connector according to Figures 7 to 9.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a portion of an embodiment of a female connector 25 according to the invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the female connector of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is an exploded view of the female connector of Figure 1.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the female connector of Figure 13 in assembled condition.

Figure 15 is a front view of the female connector of Figure 14.

4

Figure 16 is a rear view of the female connector of Figure 14 with no tail unit and straight female contact elements.

Figure 17 schematically shows a cross section of the female connector according to Figure 14.

Figure 18 shows an exploded view of a housing part of the male connector of Figure 1 with a number of interconnected male contact elements to be inserted into the housing part.

Figure 19 shows an exploded view of two of the housing parts according to Figure 18 with the contact elements inserted.

Figure 20 shows the two housing parts of Figure 19 in the assembled state.

Figure 21 is a schematic cross section of the two assembled housing parts of Figure 20.

Figure 22 is an exploded view of the female connector of Figure 1 with four housing parts of Figure 18.

Figure 23 is a perspective view of the male connector of Figure 22.

Figure 24 is a lateral cross section of the male connector of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the male connector of Figure 23.

Figure 26 schematically shows a front view of two male housing parts prior to assembly with separately shown male contact elements.

Figure 27 shows a detail of the two housing parts according to Figure 26.

Figure 28 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the male connector according to the invention.

5

Figure 29 shows another embodiment of the female connector according to the invention, which is designed as a cable connector.

Figures 30A-30C show a perspective view of three different male connectors according to the invention.

Figure 31 shows a perspective view of three male connectors according to the invention stacked with their ends side by side.

Figures 32A-32D schematically show the conductivity and centering of the female contacts during the joining of the male and female connectors according to the invention.

Figure 33 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the joined male and female connectors 15 of Figure 1 illustrating the alignment of the female contact elements on the male contact elements.

Figures 34A and 34B schematically show the male and female modules of a connector according to the invention, respectively. not merged and merged.

Figures 35A and 35B schematically show the male and female connectors according to Figure 1, respectively. not merged and merged.

Figures 36A and 36B show another embodiment of male and female connectors according to the invention in the same manner as Figures 35A and B.

Figure 37 illustrates, by way of illustration, a rear panel with two daughter cards, wherein the daughter card is connected to the back panel on the left side by a known connector assembly and the daughter card is connected to the back panel on the right side using a connector assembly according to the invention.

Figure 38 shows a perspective view of the female connector of Figure 1 with straight contact elements illustrating the manner of providing a solder reservoir on the tail ends of the contact elements, respectively. the connector hold-down holders.

Figure 39 schematically shows three steps in a side view, respectively. top view of the manner of providing a solder reservoir on the tail ends of the contact elements in Figure 38.

Figure 40 further shows the manner of providing a solder reservoir on the tail ends of the contact elements of Figure 38.

Figures 4IA to 41C show the use of the solder reservoir with the female connector of Figure 38.

Referring to Figure 1, a back panel 1 is shown with a male connector 2 and a daughter board 3 with a female connector 4. In this case, the male connector 2 is manufactured as a straight connector, while the female connector 4 is manufactured as a right angle connector. The male connector 2 comprises a metal outer shield 5 which encloses four housing parts 6. Each housing part 6 has an elongated, substantially rectangular flat shape, a series of open grooves 7 being applied in one of the main surfaces of a housing part 6. The grooves 6 extend transversely of the longitudinal direction of the housing part 6. Male contact elements 8 are constructed as single strip contact elements and are secured in the grooves 7 as will be described later.

The female connector 4 also has four housing parts 9, each housing part having an elongated, substantially rectangular flat shape. A series of open grooves 10 is provided in one of the main surfaces of a housing part 9. The female connector 4 further comprises a metal frame 11 and 30 a tail unit 12. The metal frame 11 integrates the housing parts 9 and the tail unit 12 into the complete female connector 4.

Each housing part 9 of the female connector 4 is provided with a number of female contact elements 13, where 7 at these contact elements 13 are designed as single-strip contact elements and are fixed in the grooves 10.

The male and female contacts 8, 13 are shown in detail in Figures 2 and 3, each of which is a part 5 of a strip of female contact elements 13 and 13, respectively. male contact elements 8. Since both the male and female contact elements 8, 13 are manufactured as single-strip contact elements, the production steps of both types of contact elements are essentially the same. The female contact elements 13 comprise a neck or securing section 14 with two small protrusions 15 for holding the contact element in the groove 10 of the housing part 9. The contact element 13 also includes a tail section 16 and a spring section 17. The spring section 17 carries a first contact pad 18, while in the preferred embodiment shown, 15 secures section 14 carries a second contact pad 19.

The interaction of the contact pressures 18, 19 with the male contact elements 8 will be described later. It is noted, however, that in an alternative embodiment, the 20 female contact elements can be manufactured with only the first contact embossing 18.

A recess 20 is provided at the end of the tail section 16 for receiving a solder reservoir. Furthermore, the end of the tail section 16 is provided with a chamfer 21 to improve the surface mount connection with a printed circuit board. The female contact elements 13 are interconnected by carriers 22 with an intermediate pilot hole 23 and the carriers 22 are connected by a strip 24 with corresponding pilot holes 25.

As shown in Figure 3, the male contact elements 8 are similarly interconnected by carriers 22 and a strip 24. Each male contact element 13 includes an intermediate mounting section with two small projections 15 for holding the contact element in a groove of the housing part 6. The distance between the two protrusions 15 can be smaller than the distance shown in figure 3. The front section of the contact elements 8 between the tip and the first protrusion 15 functions as a contact-spring section 61, as will be described later. The tail end of the male contact element 8 is also provided with a bevel 21, while a recess 20 for a solder reservoir is also used.

During manufacture of the connectors 2, 4, the fastening section of the contact elements 8, 13 is pressed into the respective groove 7 or 10 on the bottom thereof, the contact elements being held in the grooves at their fastening sections, while the spring sections 17, 61 extend unsupported and can bend during assembly of the connectors 2, 4.

The thin flat contact element design allows the manufacture of both types of contact elements from thinly rolled material, the contact elements 8, 13 having a constant cross-sectional thickness. During production, substantially voltage-free contact elements are obtained with a contact surface texture without any rough irregularities. The thin flat contact element design also lends itself to a selective metal cladding wherein the co-operating parts of the male and female contact elements 8, 13 can be coated with precious metal cladding, while the tail end with recess 20 and bevel 21 can be provided a tin-lead coating. If necessary, a nickel coating may be used as a separator between the precious metal coating and the tin-lead coating. The precious metal coating is only necessary on one side of the contact elements 8, 13 because the other side faces the housing part 6, 9.

Figures 4 to 6 show three steps of the manufacture of the female connector 4 according to figure 1. Figure 1 9 shows a female housing part 9, which in the shown embodiment is provided with twenty-four grooves 10 for receiving female contact elements 13. Twenty-four female contact elements 13 have been used as part of a strip of female contact elements which are still interconnected by the carrier 22 and the strip 24. It will be appreciated that any other number of grooves and contact elements may be used as desired .

The pilot holes 23, 25 provide for simple handling of the strip of female contact elements 13 which are jointly inserted in the grooves 10 of the female housing part 9 in one step. During the insertion step of the contact elements 13, the contact elements 13 are separated from the carriers 22. In this manner, a female housing part 15 with inserted female contact elements 13 is obtained, as shown in figure 5. During the insertion step, the neck or the securing section 14 is the protrusions 15 in a mounting portion 26 of the corresponding groove 10 is forced to retain the contact element 13 in the groove. The contacting spring section 17 is received with play in the corresponding groove 10, so that the spring action of the contact element can cause a contact force by bending during a joining cycle, when the contact compression 18 is in contact with an opposing contact element 8.

As noted above, during the manufacturing process, the array of substantially planar thin contact elements 13 connected to the carrier 22 and lying in one plane can be separated from this carrier as a whole by a suitable punching tool. This tool further moves perpendicular to the plane of the contact elements 13 toward the grooves 10 of the female housing part 9 located below the contact elements. In this way, the punching tool inserts the contact elements 13 in their entirety into the housing part 9 in one step. The protrusions 15 of each contact element 13 are forced into the material of the walls of the corresponding grooves 10. The forces produced in successive grooves 10 are directed in opposite directions and are staggered with respect to each other. The material of the housing portion 9 between the offset projections provides a spring function to retain the contact elements in the grooves. In addition, the coated contact surfaces of the contact elements cannot be scratched during insertion.

Two identical female housing parts 9 together with metal end plates 27 form a female connector module 28 shown in figure 6. In the embodiment according to figures 4-6, the recesses 20 are provided with a solder cap or tip 29. However, such a solder tip 29 can also be used in the recesses 20 during a later production step. The end plates 27 provide mutual positioning of the female housing parts 9.

The female housing parts 9 shown in Figures 4 to 6 are selectively metallized at their outer surface 30 and edges 30 'providing a shielding of the connector module 28. In an alternative embodiment shown in Figures 7-10, a shielding of the contact elements 30 is provided by using female housing parts 9 which are constructed as metal injection molded components. In this embodiment, the end plates 27 can be formed as an integral part of the housing part 9. The female contact elements 13 are provided with an insulating fastening element 31 at the neck section 14 (see Figures 7-10). This fastening element 31 is included in a fastening part 32 of the grooves 10. As in the embodiment according to figures 4-6, a strip of female contact parts 13 with twenty-four contact elements is used for joint insertion of the contact elements 13 in the grooves 10 of a housing part 9. Two housing parts 9 with inserted contact elements 13 are assembled to provide a female connector module 28 shown in Figure 9.

Although in the embodiment shown in Figures 4-6, the end plates 27 are shown as separate elements, the end plates 27 are generally used as an integral part of the metal frame 11. In the embodiment of Figures 11 and 12, by way of For example, a metal frame 11 is shown for a female connector according to the invention with eight female connector modules 28, so that the female connector is provided with 16 rows of contact elements 13, each row having twenty-four contact elements in the embodiment shown.

Figure 13 shows an exploded view of the female connector 4 of Figure 1, with the female connector 4 shown in a larger scale in Figure 14. In this case, the female connector has two female connector modules 28, so that the connector is provided with four rows of contact elements 13, each row in the embodiment shown having twenty-four contact elements. Since the female connector is an assembly of one or more female connector modules 28, each connector module being an assembly of two identical housing parts 9, it will be appreciated that the design of the female connector provides high flexibility in the manufacture of a connector 25 with any desired number of rows of connector elements. In the described connector design, the number of rows of contact elements can be increased in two-row increments by simply adding a two-part connector module. All house parts are held together as an integral house. Expensive tools for manufacturing a new home are not necessary.

As noted above, the number of contact elements in one row can be selected as desired. The number of twenty-four contact elements 13 in 12 in one row is given by way of example only. In the described embodiments, the lateral or transverse dimension of the connector module 28 is 2.0 mm, while the length of the module is 25 mm. The pitch between the contact elements 135 in the longitudinal direction is 1.0 mm. At both longitudinal ends, the distance from a contact element to the end is such that when more contact elements 13 in a longitudinal series are required, two or more modules 28 can be stacked with their ends side by side, with a pitch between adjacent contact elements 13 from adjacent modules, which is a whole number of times the pitch of the elements 13 within a module.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 11, 12, the female connector is manufactured as a straight connector, with all contact elements 13 having the same length. In the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 13, the female connector 4 is an angled female connector, the female contact elements 13 of successive rows having a different length.

For receiving the two female connector modules 28, the metal frame 11 is provided with three flat ribs 33, the upper and lower ribs 33 having circular openings 34 for receiving fastening pins 35 of the tail unit 12 and the housing parts 9. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the pins 35 are integral plastic parts of the housing part 9, respectively. the tail unit 12. However, the pins 35 can also be used as metal parts cast in the housing parts 9 and / or tail unit 12. Furthermore, it will be clear that instead of round openings 34 and pins 35, different shapes can be used. The central rib 33 is provided with elongated openings 36 in order to receive the pins 35 of two female housing parts 9. All ribs 33 have a rectangular saw shape that provides recesses 37 for receiving the tail sections 16 of the female contact elements 13, as shown in detail in Figure 16. The upper and lower ribs 33 are further provided with rectangular recesses 38 for receiving rectangular pins 39 of the rod unit 12 to provide an additional mutual fixation between the rod unit 12 and the metal frame 11. Furthermore, the upper rib 33 is provided with larger recesses 40 aligned with slots 41 provided in the top surface of the tail unit 12. The placement and size of the recesses 40 and slots 41 can be varied to provide a polarization and coding region.

The tail unit 12 is also selectively metalized at its outer surface to provide a shielding of the contact elements 13. Furthermore, the front face, including pins 35 and 39, is metalized so that the metal frame 11 is connected to the metalization of the tail unit 12. Likewise, the edge of the housing parts and the pins 35 are metallized to connect the metallization of the housing parts 9 to the metal frame 11. In this way, an integral shield of the female connector 4 is obtained.

The metal frame 11 is bent perpendicularly to form a surface mounting hold-down edge 42 along the length of the connector 4. This edge 42 includes a plurality of contact passages 43 which support the lower female housing portion 9 and are in contact with the metallization of this housing part, as can be seen in figure 17.

The metal frame 11 also has three contact outputs 44 with a semicircular end and a solder-receiver voir recess 45, which contact outputs 44 can be used to position and fix the connector 4 on a printed circuit board. In the described embodiment, the contact outputs 44 provide a hold-down function for attaching the connector to the circuit board. Furthermore, the outputs 44 can be connected to a common ground of the printed circuit board for connecting the shield of the connector to the ground, recess areas 46, 47 of the metal frame 11 have the function to connect the corresponding protrusions of the properly position and receive outer shield 5 of the male connector 2. This outer shield 5 is also in contact with the end plates 27, which are provided with contact passages 48 for this purpose.

When the female connector parts are assembled, the elongated openings between the ribs 33 align with channels 49 in the tail unit 12, which channels 49 are mutually separated by an intermediate wall 50 of insulating material. This intermediate wall 50 is provided with elongated pins 35 which engage the elongated openings 36 of the central rib 33. An end wall 51 is provided at the end of each channel 49, as shown in Figure 17. During assembly of the female connector, the female contact elements 13 are straight and can pass through the channels 49 and the space between the end walls 51 and the intermediate and upper walls of the tail unit 12. When the housing parts 9, the metal frame 11 and the tail unit 12 are assembled, the tail sections 16 of the female contact elements 13 are bent through 90 ° to provide the right angle female connector. As can be seen in Figure 17, the rear of the end walls 51, the intermediate wall 50 and the bottom wall 52 are inclined relative to the frontal end, so that the tail sections 16 of the contact elements 13 can be sufficiently bent to obtain a right-angled rest position.

Figures 18 to 20 show in a manner similar to Figures 4 to 6 successive production steps during the manufacture of the male connector 2 of Figure 1. Figure 18 shows a male housing part 6 which is made of insulating material with 24 grooves 7 for receiving the male contact elements 8 and extending transversely of the longitudinal direction of the housing part 6. A strip of twenty four male contact elements 8 interconnected by the carriers 22 and the strip 24 is shown in Figure 18 and these contact elements 8 are inserted together into the grooves 7, the pilot holes 23, 25 of which are easy to handle. the strip of contact elements provided during insertion. During the insertion step, the male contact elements 8 are separated from the carriers 22. The shaft-assembly step of the contact elements and the housing part is the same as described with respect to the female housing part.

As described with reference to Figure 3, the male contact element 8 is provided with retaining projections 15 for retaining the male contact elements 8 in the grooves 7. Retention of the contact elements 8 in the housing part 6 takes place in the same manner as described above. Two identical housing parts 6 with male contact elements 8 are assembled to obtain a male connector module 52 shown in Figure 20. Such a male connector module 52 can be joined with a female connector module 28 by inserting the module into the female receptacle connector module 28, as will be described later.

The housing parts 6 are selectively metallized, at least at the surface opposite the grooved surface with male contact elements 8. The metallized surface 53 includes projections 54 which are also metallized. These protrusions are clampingly received in openings 55. The surfaces 53 with protrusions 54 and openings 55 provide coupling surfaces for bonding the housing part 6, the protrusions 54 and openings 55 being examples of coupling parts. Since the assembled housing parts 6 are identical, any corrugation or curvature due to the casting of thin parts is identical and opposed, so that the mutual enclosure of the two housing parts through the projections 54 and openings 55 a flat male connector module 52. The metalized projections 54 provide partial shielding between 5 adjacent contact elements 8.

As can be seen in Figures 18-20, two of the contact elements 8 are of greater length which provide a first make, last break operation during joining and dismantling of the male and female connectors. The metallization of the protrusions 54 is indicated by shading in a section of the male connector 2 shown in Figure 25. Figure 26 shows an exploded view of a male connector module 52 with corresponding male contact elements 8 and Figure 27 shows a detail of the male connector module on a larger scale. The metallization 53 of the male housing part 6 is schematically indicated by a dotted line. This metallization 53 provides the shielding between the two rows of male contact elements 8 of a connector module 52.

At both longitudinal ends, the housing part 6 is provided with a coupling section 56 for connecting the male connector module 52 to the outer shield 5. These coupling sections 56 are also metallized to connect the metallization 53 with the outer shield 5. 25 The coupling sections 56 are partially separated from the housing part 6 by a slot 57. Between the coupling sections 56 and the housing part 6, a raised edge 58 is used as a stacking element. Two male connector modules 52 can be superimposed with these raised edges 58, in the embodiment shown, the central faces of the two connector modules 52 are spaced 2 mm apart.

At the rear end of the housing part 6, projections 59 with inclined ends are provided, which projections are less high than the raised edges 58. These inclined projections 59 allow a free passage of thermal energy through the male connector 2.

Figure 21 schematically shows a cross-section through a male connector module 52, showing that the frontal end 60 of the housing parts 6 of the connector module 52 tapers slightly such that the frontal ends of the contact elements 8 extend in air and can function as a contact spring section 61. The arrangement 10 of the retaining projections 15 is such that the spring section 61 of the contact element 8 is indeed flexible.

Figure 22 shows an exploded view of the male connector 2 of Figure 1, wherein the outer shield 5 is shown as two shield halves 62, 63 and 15 an inner shield strip or plate 64 located between the two male connector modules 52. If such an inner shielding strip 64 is used, the ends of this strip are received between the stack of elements 58, as shown in figure 24. The distance of 2 mm between the 20 central surfaces of the successive modules is in this case determined by the raised edges 58 and the thickness of the strip 64. The generally U-shaped shielding halves 62, 63 can be interconnected by connecting members 62 'and 63' at the ends of their legs. In the interconnected position, the shielding halves 62, 63 provide an elongated receiving space for the two connector modules 52. The shielding halves 62, 63 each have two slots 65 which are cut into the slots 57 between the coupling sections 56 during the assembly of the connector. and the housing parts 6 and 30 which, in the assembled situation shown in figure 23, receive the body of these housing parts 6. As shown in figure 23, the shield forms the outer wall of the connector 2, which outer wall faces directly towards the contact elements 8.

/ ·> Ü 18

The metallization of the coupling sections 56 provides an interconnection between the metallization and the outer shield 5. Between the slots 65, an opening 66 is visible in figure 22 for receiving an extension 64 'of the inner shield strip 64.

Figure 24 schematically shows a cross section of the male connector 2 showing the placement of the inner shielding strip 64.

The outer shield 5 is provided with polarization and coding fingers 67 which during insertion are received in the polarization and coding slots 41 of the tail unit 12 of the female connector 4. These polarization fingers 67 are provided with contact passages 68 for making contact with any metal cap (see Figure 15 35B) of the female connector 4 not shown in Figure 4. In Figure 23, the outer shield 5 further includes any hold-down press-fit outputs 69 to connect the outer shield to a circuit board. At the rear end of the outer shield 5, ridges 70 are provided for connection to the circuit board. At the rear of the male connector 2, plastic pins 71 provide proper alignment of the male connector with respect to the circuit board or back panel 1, where they are received in corresponding holes. The circuit strips 72a for the grooves 70 and holes 72b, 72c for the outputs 69 and 70 respectively. pins 71 for securing the connector to the circuit board and for accurate orientation and positioning of the modules are shown in Figures 1 and 31. The tail ends of the male contact elements 8 are surface-mounted to contact pads 72d of the back panel, which are also shown in Figures 1 and 31.

Figure 28 shows an alternative embodiment of the male connector according to the invention, which is manufactured as an angled male connector 73. In this case 19: a tail unit 7 4 is combined with the straight male connector 2, the tail unit 74 corresponds to the tail unit 12 of the female connector 4. Furthermore, instead of male connector elements 8 of equal length, the length of the contact elements of successive rows will be different in this case. Although not shown in Figure 28, a metal mounting frame 11 may be used to interconnect the front housing and tail unit and provide a hold-down and electrical connection to the circuit board as described with respect to the female connector .

As another alternative embodiment, Figure 29 shows a female cable connector 74, wherein a straight tail unit 76 is used instead of the tail unit 12 to feed the cable 77 into the connector 75.

Figures 30A to 30C show front views of three different embodiments of male connectors with 4, 6 or 8 rows of male contact elements 8 respectively. Accordingly, the male connector is provided with 2, 3 or 4 male connector modules 52.

Figure 31 shows, by way of example, three male connectors 2 stacked with their ends together and secured to a back panel 1.

The cooperation between the male and female contact elements 8, 13 during the joining of the male and female connectors 2, 4 and the joining operation will be explained with reference to Figures 32 to 36.

Figure 32A schematically shows a part of a male housing part 6 with three grooves 7, in which for the sake of simplicity a male contact element 8 is only shown in the central groove 7. As can be seen in the drawing, the spring portion 61 of the contact element 8 is spaced from the front end of the groove 7, so that the female contact element 13 will be guided and centered before contacting the contact element 8. Furthermore, only a female contact element 13 is shown, the female housing part 9 being indicated only schematically. The width 5 of the grooves 7 is less than the width of the spring portion 17 of the female contact element 13 to simplify the reception of the spring portion by the groove. Figure 32B shows the section AA of Figure 32A, indicating the manner in which the contact lead-through 18 is guided and 10 centered by bevels 78 of the groove 7 in the male housing part 6. In this way, a centering of the female contact element 13 is shown. relative to the groove 7 and thereby obtained relative to the male contact element 8. Therefore, if, due to manufacturing tolerances, the longitudinal axis 15 of the female contact elements 13 is slightly angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the grooves and the male contact elements 8, the female contact element will be oriented through the male groove 7, the fastening section 14 acts as a hinge so that the tail section 16 is also centered.

When the male connector is further joined with the female connector 4, the full engagement position of Figures 32C and 32D is obtained, wherein the contact throughput 18 has passed along the contact section 61 of the male contact element 8 and the contact throughput 19 is in contact with the spring section 61. As shown in cross section BB in Figure 32D, the spring section 17 of the female contact element 13 is pushed slightly up into the groove 10 of the female housing part 9.

Figure 33 partially shows a cross-section of the fully assembled connectors 2, 4. The schematically indicated metallization 30, 53 of the male and female housing parts 6, 9 provides a shield surrounding each row of assembled contact elements 8 and 13.

1; 21

Figures 34A and 34B illustrate, for example, a female connector module 28 and a male connector module 52 in non-assembled (Figure 34A) and assembled (Figure 34B) positions. In the assembled position of Figure 5 34B, the contact passages 18, 19 contact the male contact element 8, the spring section 17 of the female contact element 13 providing the required flexibility as well as contact force for the contact continuation 18, while the free support of the spring section 61 of the male contact element 8 provided by the tapered front end 60 of the male connector module 52 provides the flexibility and contact force for the contact continuation 19. As noted above, alternatively female contact elements 13 may be used which are provided on the front end only have one contact throughput 18. However, to increase the safety margins, the use of two contact passages 18, 19 is generally desirable in, for example, telecommunication applications. The application of both contact passages 18, 19 to only the female contact elements 13 shows the advantage that it is not necessary for two contact passages to pass each other, as would be the case if both the male and female contact elements were provided with one contact pass.

Figure 34B also shows that the gap between the ribs 33 of the metal frame 11 provides a passage for the male connector module 52 in the fully assembled position. Figures 35A and 35B show schematic cross-sections of the male and female connectors 2 and 4 of Figure 1 in the unassembled and joined positions, respectively. In figure 35B, the female connector 4 is provided with a metal cap 79. The contact passages 68 of the outer shield 5 make contact with the inner side of this metal cap 79.

22

Figures 36A and 36B alternatively show an angled male connector 80 and a straight female connector 81 in the non-assembled and joined positions, respectively.

Figures 35 and 36 clearly show that the main elements of the male and female connectors 2, 80 and 4, 81 are the same in the straight and right angle embodiments. Furthermore, each connector is a modular construction of one or more male or female connector modules 52, 28 and 10, especially in the case of an angled embodiment, each connector also includes a metal frame 11 and a tail unit 12. The described connector design shows hereby the advantage that a connector with a desired number of rows of contact elements can be provided using the same production tool. It is not necessary to design special specific shapes for specific houses. The joint insertion of the male and female contact elements 8, 13 into the respective grooves 7, 10 of the housing parts 6, 9 provides efficient production. The contact element design as single strip contact elements allows the use of the rolled surface of the blank strip material as the contact surface, which automatically results in a low roughness contact surface without the need for additional production steps to reduce the contact surface roughness. Furthermore, the use of single strip contacts provides the ability to increase the density of the contact elements by reducing the pitch between adjacent rows of contacts. In addition, the use of single strip contacts reduces the effective contact radiation area, thereby minimizing interaction between contacts, in particular a reduction of over-speech.

By way of example, Figure 37 shows a rear panel 82 with a daughter card 83 on the left and a daughter card 84 on the right side. The daughter card 83 is connected to the back panel by prior art male and female connectors 85, 86. with four rows of male and female contacts. The daughter card 84 is connected to the back panel by male and female connectors 2, 4 according to the present invention which also include four rows of male and female contact elements 8, 13. A comparison between the known male and female connectors 85, 86 and the male and 10 female connectors 2, 4 of the present invention provide a significant reduction in the space occupied by the connectors and a significant increase in the contact density.

An additional advantage of the connectors according to the described invention is the surface mounting connection to the printed circuit boards. As also indicated in Figure 37, the surface mounting connection of the contact elements 8, 13 to the printed circuit boards 82, 84 allows a smaller pitch of the contact pads on the printed circuit boards. In view of the use of chamfered ends 21 of the contact elements 8, 13 and the presence of the solder reservoir at the tail ends of the contact elements, a reliable surface fastening connection can be obtained despite one-plane tolerances tail ends of the 25 connector elements and arcing of the printed circuit board.

Figures 38-40 show, by way of example, a way of providing solder balls in the recesses 20 of the female contact elements 13. For this purpose, a cord 91 of solder balls 92 interconnected by thin strips of solder material from a supply coil 93 is used. unwound, with twenty-four solder balls 92 aligned with the tail ends 16 of the female contact elements 13. The solder balls are located substantially on the same pitch as the contact elements. Using a tool 94, the solder balls 92, each having a slot 95, are slid onto the tail sections 16, as indicated by an arrow in Figure 38. The tool 94 has a series of positioning apertures 97 for receiving the sol-5 beads and channels 98 connecting to these openings for receiving the tail ends of the contact elements during pressing of the solder beads on these tail ends. The first step of applying the solder balls 92 to the tail sections 16 is shown as step 1 of Figure 10 39. When the solder balls 92 are aligned with the recesses 20 as shown in step 2 of Figure 39, two compression tools are used 96 moved together as indicated by the arrows in figure 38 and figure 39, step 3. The compression tools 96 flatten the solder balls 92 onto the tail sections 16 and press the solder material into the recess 20. Figure 40Δ shows schematically in a side view how a solder ball has been applied. When the solder balls 92 are mounted on the tail sections 16, the tail sections 16 of the contact elements 13 can be bent through 90 ° as shown in Figure 40B.

Figure 38 also shows a way of providing the recesses 45 of the contact outputs 44 with a solder reservoir. It is noted that although solder balls are used in the embodiment according to figures 38 to 40, it is also possible to use solder material in other forms. The use of the solder balls or other type of solder lumps results in the advantage that a precisely predetermined amount of solder material can be used as a solder reservoir. Here there is no chance of causing a short circuit due to an excessive amount of solder material. The soldering material used is preferably a soldering material with flux material. The connecting strips break during brazing and the material 25 flows to the tail ends and is divided between the two adjacent tail ends.

Figures 41A-41C show the manner in which the solder reservoirs applied to the tail sections 16 of the contact elements 13 and the contact outputs 44 are used in practice. The detail shown in Figure 41B indicates how the soldering tip flows back into the recess 20 during soldering to provide the desired surface mount connection. The contact sections 44 are received in holes 97 of the printed circuit board, where backflow of the solder to the interface between the surface of the printed circuit board and the bottom surface of the edge 42 of the metal frame 11 occurs.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which can be varied in a number of ways within the scope of the appended claims.

i, s

Claims (5)

26 1. Connectors of the female and male type, each connector having a housing and a plurality of contact elements mounted in the housing, the housing having grooved surfaces, each contact element having a spring portion 5 which is received in a corresponding groove with clearance and a mounting portion secured in the housing, while in the female connector, the spring portion includes a contact passage projecting from the groove, in the male connector the male contact elements are at least flat over their spring portion, and the spring portion of the male contact members is spaced from the frontal end of the grooves, while the grooves of the male housing have a width less than the width of the spring portion of the female contact members, whereby during the joining of the male and female connectors the grooves of the male housing el k are able to receive the spring portions of the female contact elements and to guide and center them before contacting a male contact element, characterized in that the grooves of the male housing are provided with sloping sides for receiving and centering the contact continuity on the spring portions of the female contact elements. Connectors according to claim 1, wherein the spring portion of the female contact elements extends obliquely outwardly from the corresponding groove, wherein during the joining of the male and female connectors the spring portions of the female contact elements, after being centered by a groove of the male housing, each able to be forced through the male contact element towards the groove of the female housing. 1012363 27 3. Connectors according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mounting parts of the female contact elements each comprise a contact passage, the flat spring parts of the male contact elements being able to contact the contact passages of these mounting parts. 4. Female-type connector, with a housing and a plurality of contact elements mounted in the housing, the housing being provided with grooved surfaces, each contact element having a spring portion received with clearance in a corresponding groove and a mounting portion which is secured in the housing, the spring portion having a contact passage protruding from the groove, characterized in that the spring portion of the contact elements 15 extends obliquely outward from the corresponding groove. 5. Male-type connector, with a housing and a plurality of contact elements mounted in the housing, the housing being provided with grooved surfaces, each contact element having a spring portion received with clearance in a corresponding groove and a mounting portion that is secured in the housing, the contact elements being flat over at least one spring portion, the spring portion of the male contact elements being spaced from the frontal end of the grooves, the grooves of the housing each capable of to include and guide and center spring portions of the female contact elements before contacting a male contact element, characterized in that the grooves of the male housing are provided with bevel sides for receiving and centering the contact continuity on the spring sections of the female contact elements. 1012363