NL1010351C2 - Carotenoid esters for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. - Google Patents
Carotenoid esters for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. Download PDFInfo
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- NL1010351C2 NL1010351C2 NL1010351A NL1010351A NL1010351C2 NL 1010351 C2 NL1010351 C2 NL 1010351C2 NL 1010351 A NL1010351 A NL 1010351A NL 1010351 A NL1010351 A NL 1010351A NL 1010351 C2 NL1010351 C2 NL 1010351C2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/42—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners
- A23L5/43—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
- A23L5/44—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives using carotenoids or xanthophylls
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
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Description
ESTERS VAN CAROTENOIDEN VOOR GEBRUIK IN DE PREVENTIE EN BEHANDELING VAN OOGAANDOENINGENESTERS OF CAROTENOIDS FOR USE IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF EYE DISORDERS
De uitvinding heeft betrekking op esters van carotenoïden en het gebruik van deze esters in de preventie en behandeling van oogaandoeningen.The invention relates to esters of carotenoids and the use of these esters in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases.
Carotenoïden zijn door planten gesynthetiseerde 5 (gele) pigmenten die een belangrijke rol spelen in de gezondheid en het goed functioneren van het humane visuele systeem. De carotenoïden kunnen worden onderscheiden in de carotenen, omvattende o.a. alfa- en beta-caroteen, en de xanthophylls, omvattende luteïne, 10 zeaxanthine, astaxanthine, cryptoxanthine en canthaxanthine. De belangrijkste carotenoïden in het humane oog zijn luteïne en zeaxanthine en beide worden in hoge concentratie gevonden in de macula lutea (hierna genoemd macula), het centrale gedeelte van de retina. De 15 carotenoïden functioneren als anti-oxidanten en als licht-filters om onderliggende weefsels te beschermen tegen fototoxische schade.Carotenoids are plant-synthesized (yellow) pigments that play an important role in the health and proper functioning of the human visual system. The carotenoids can be distinguished in the carotenes including alpha and beta carotene, and the xanthophylls including lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, cryptoxanthin and canthaxanthin. The main carotenoids in the human eye are lutein and zeaxanthin, both of which are found in high concentration in the macula lutea (hereinafter referred to as macula), the central part of the retina. The 15 carotenoids function as anti-oxidants and as light filters to protect underlying tissues from phototoxic damage.
In een aantal epidemiologische studies is aangetoond dat er een relatie bestaat tussen anti-20 oxidanten, in het bijzonder luteïne en zeaxanthine, in het voedsel en het risico op het verkrijgen van oogaandoeningen op oudere leeftijd, waaronder leeftijdsgebonden macula degeneratie (Age-Related Macular Degeneration; ARMD). ARMD is een progressieve ziekte van 25 de retina en het retina-fotoreceptorcomplex en is de belangrijkste oorzaak van maatschappelijke blindheid bij personen ouder dan 65 jaar in de westerse wereld. Door de stijging van het aantal ouderen, neemt ook de prevalentie van ARMD de laatste jaren sterk toe, met grote sociale en 30 economische gevolgen. Desondanks bestaat er nog geen effectieve behandeling van deze aandoening of mogelijkheden voor de preventie daarvan.A number of epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between antioxidants, in particular lutein and zeaxanthin, in food and the risk of developing eye diseases in old age, including age-related macular degeneration. ; ARMD). ARMD is a progressive disease of the retina and retina-photoreceptor complex and is the leading cause of societal blindness in persons over 65 in the Western world. Due to the increase in the number of elderly people, the prevalence of ARMD has also increased sharply in recent years, with major social and economic consequences. Nevertheless, there is no effective treatment for this condition or options for its prevention.
101 03 51 2101 03 51 2
Uit onderzoek is gebleken dat inwerking van vrije radicalen op het oog (oxidatieve stress) een 5 belangrijke rol speelt in de pathogenese van ARMD. Het is eveneens aangetoond dat de macula pigmenten luteïne en zeaxanthine de retina en het retina pigment epitheel beschermen tegen deze licht-geïnduceerde oxidatieve schade. Met name blauw licht is bijzonder schadelijk voor 10 het oog en leidt tot foto-oxidatieve processen in de retina. Door absorptie van blauw licht remmen luteïne en zeaxanthine dergelijke foto-oxidatieve processen.Research has shown that the effect of free radicals on the eye (oxidative stress) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ARMD. The macular pigments lutein and zeaxanthin have also been shown to protect the retina and the retina pigment epithelium from this light-induced oxidative damage. Blue light in particular is particularly harmful to the eye and leads to photo-oxidative processes in the retina. Lutein and zeaxanthin inhibit such photo-oxidative processes by absorbing blue light.
De enige bron van carotenoïden voor de mens is het voedsel. Luteïne komt in hoge concentraties voor in 15 donkergroene bladgroenten als spinazie en boerenkool en zeaxanthine wordt voornamelijk gevonden· in o.a. maïs, perziken en citrusvruchten. Luteïne en zeaxanthine worden uit het voedsel opgenomen en selectief geaccumuleerd in de macula. Zeaxanthine kan bovendien worden gevormd uit 20 luteïne.The only source of human carotenoids is food. Lutein is found in high concentrations in 15 dark green leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale, and zeaxanthin is mainly found in corn, peaches and citrus fruits, among others. Lutein and zeaxanthin are absorbed from the food and selectively accumulated in the macula. Zeaxanthin can additionally be formed from 20 lutein.
De consumptie van voedingsmiddelen die rijk zijn aan luteïne en zeaxanthine is gerelateerd aan een hogere dichtheid van deze pigmenten in het plasma en in de retina. Er zijn in de retina ook verschillende 25 oxidatie-producten van luteïne en zeaxanthine gevonden, waaruit kan worden geconcludeerd dat luteïne en zeaxanthine de retina beschermen tegen foto-oxidatieve schade. Behalve bescherming tegen oxidatieve stress spelen luteïne en zeaxanthine waarschijnlijk ook een rol 30 bij de functie van de bloedvaten van de macula. Luteïne en zeaxanthine zijn recentelijk ook aangetoond in de ooglens en zouden daar een rol kunnen spelen in de preventie van cataract.Consumption of foods rich in lutein and zeaxanthin is related to a higher density of these pigments in the plasma and in the retina. Several oxidation products of lutein and zeaxanthin have also been found in the retina, from which it can be concluded that lutein and zeaxanthin protect the retina from photo-oxidative damage. In addition to protection against oxidative stress, lutein and zeaxanthin are also likely to play a role in the function of the blood vessels of the macula. Lutein and zeaxanthin have also recently been detected in the lens of the eye and may play a role there in the prevention of cataracts.
Omdat er nog geen effectieve behandeling voor 35 ARMD bestaat wordt de aandacht vooral gericht op de preventie van deze ziekte. Door een onvolledig voedingspatroon en een toename in de blootstelling aan vrije radicalen kan er een tekort ontstaan aan anti- 101 03 51 3 oxidanten in het oog. Dit tekort kan worden aangevuld door supplementatie van anti-oxidatieve pigmenten, waardoor een goede functie van het oog wordt behouden.Because there is no effective treatment for ARMD yet, attention is mainly focused on the prevention of this disease. An incomplete diet and an increase in exposure to free radicals can lead to a shortage of anti-101 03 51 3 oxidants in the eye. This deficiency can be made up by supplementing anti-oxidative pigments, which maintains good function of the eye.
Dit is in het bijzonder van belang voor personen die, 5 door een lage dichtheid van macula pigment, al een verhoogd risico lopen op degeneratieve oogaandoeningen, zoals ouderen in het algemeen, diabetici, mensen met blauwe ogen, rokers, alcohol-gebruikers en patiënten na cataract-extractie.This is of particular importance for persons who, due to a low density of macular pigment, are already at an increased risk of degenerative eye diseases, such as the elderly in general, diabetics, people with blue eyes, smokers, alcohol users and patients after cataract extraction.
10 Behalve in de preventie van oogziekten spelen carotenoïden ook een preventieve rol bij (darm, long)kanker, diabetes en in het afweersysteem.10 In addition to the prevention of eye diseases, carotenoids also play a preventive role in (colon, lung) cancer, diabetes and in the immune system.
Er zijn reeds een aantal voedingssupplementen op de markt die (mengsels van) luteïne, zeaxanthine en/of 15 andere carotenoïden bevatten. Luteïne wordt voor dergelijke commerciële doeleinden geïsoleerd en gezuiverd uit extracten van de goudsbloem (Taaetes erecta). Behalve voor het voorkomen van ARMD of cataract kan het verhogen van de macula pigmentatie door middel van luteïne- en/of 20 zeaxanthine-supplementen ook van belang zijn voor de bescherming van de retina tegen lichtschade als gevolg van chirurgische ingrepen.There are already a number of dietary supplements on the market that contain (mixtures of) lutein, zeaxanthin and / or 15 other carotenoids. Lutein is isolated and purified from marigold extracts (Taaetes erecta) for such commercial purposes. In addition to preventing ARMD or cataract, increasing macular pigmentation through lutein and / or zeaxanthin supplements may also be important in protecting the retina from light damage from surgery.
De huidige voedingssupplementen hebben als nadeel dat ze niet erg stabiel zijn en snel geoxideerd 25 kunnen worden. Daardoor is de houdbaarheid van de huidige voedingssupplementen beperkt.The current nutritional supplements have the drawback that they are not very stable and can be oxidized quickly. As a result, the shelf life of current dietary supplements is limited.
Het doel van de uitvinding is het verschaffen van carotenoid-derivaten met een grotere stabiliteit, effectiviteit en resistentie tegen oxidatie, voor gebruik 30 in de preventie en behandeling van oogaandoeningen.The object of the invention is to provide carotenoid derivatives with greater stability, effectiveness and resistance to oxidation, for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases.
Dit doel wordt door de uitvinding bereikt door het verschaffen van esters van luteïne en zeaxanthine: respectievelijk luteïne- en zeaxanthine- succinaat en di-succinaat. Bij voorkeur worden de di-succinaatesters van 35 luteïne en zeaxanthine gebruikt, aangezien deze esters de hoogste stabiliteit, effectiviteit en resistentie tegen oxidatie vertonen.This object is achieved by the invention by providing esters of lutein and zeaxanthin: lutein and zeaxanthin succinate and di-succinate, respectively. Preferably, the di-succinate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin are used, since these esters exhibit the highest stability, effectiveness and oxidation resistance.
1010351 ' f 41010351 'f 4
De esters volgens de uitvinding worden bij voorkeur gebruikt voor de vervaardiging van een farmaceutisch preparaat en/of voedingssupplement voor de preventie van oogaandoeningen.The esters of the invention are preferably used for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation and / or dietary supplement for the prevention of eye diseases.
5 In een andere voorkeursuitvoeringsvorm van de uitvinding worden de esters gebruikt als voedingssupplement en/of farmaceutisch preparaat voor de behandeling van reeds bestaande oogaandoeningen.In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the esters are used as a dietary supplement and / or pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of pre-existing eye conditions.
De esters volgens de uitvinding worden bereid 10 volgens dezelfde technieken die al bekend zijn voor vitamine E (Nakamura et al. Lipids 10: 627-633; 1975).The esters of the invention are prepared according to the same techniques already known for vitamin E (Nakamura et al. Lipids 10: 627-633; 1975).
De structuurformules van de esters volgens de uitvinding worden weergegeven in het bijgevoegde figuur.The structural formulas of the esters according to the invention are shown in the attached figure.
Hierin geeft figuur IA de structuurformules van 15 luteine en zeaxanthine weer; figuur 1B de structuurformules van luteine- en zeaxanthine- succinaat; en figuur 1C de structuurformules van luteine- en zeaxanthine- di-succinaat.Figure 1A shows the structural formulas of lutein and zeaxanthin; Figure 1B shows the structural formulas of lutein and zeaxanthin succinate; and Figure 1C shows the structural formulas of lutein and zeaxanthin di-succinate.
20 De esters van luteine en zeaxanthine volgens de uitvinding worden bij voorkeur in combinatie gebruikt, in een verhouding van 1:1 (d.w.z. gelijke hoeveelheden van luteine en zeaxanthine). De dosering van luteine en zeaxanthine kan variëren van 1 tot 10 mg.The esters of lutein and zeaxanthin of the invention are preferably used in combination, in a ratio of 1: 1 (i.e. equal amounts of lutein and zeaxanthin). The dose of lutein and zeaxanthin can range from 1 to 10 mg.
25 De uitvinding wordt verder toegelicht aan de hand van het volgende voorbeeld dat slechts dient ter illustratie en niet beperkend is voor de uitvinding.The invention is further illustrated by the following example which is illustrative only and is not limiting of the invention.
VOORBEELD 1 30 Stabiliteitstesten I. In een eerste experiment werd de stabiliteit van carotenoïden (A) vergeleken met de stabiliteit van esters van carotenoïden (B). Reageerbuisjes met de carotenoïden of de esters werden bij kamertemperatuur in 35 direct zonlicht geplaatst. Vervolgens werd de tijd gemeten waarin de gele kleur verdween, als maat voor afbraak van de carotenoïden. In de reageerbuisjes met carotenoïden (A) verdween de gele kleur significant 101 03 51EXAMPLE 1 Stability Tests I. In a first experiment, the stability of carotenoids (A) was compared to the stability of esters of carotenoids (B). Test tubes containing the carotenoids or the esters were placed in direct sunlight at room temperature. The time for the yellow color to disappear was then measured as a measure of degradation of the carotenoids. In the test tubes with carotenoids (A), the yellow color disappeared significantly 101 03 51
* I I* I I
5 sneller dan in de andere reageerbuisjes (B). Hieruit bleek dat de carotenoïden minder stabiel waren onder zonlicht dan de esters van carotenoïden.5 faster than in the other test tubes (B). This showed that the carotenoids were less stable under sunlight than the esters of carotenoids.
In een tweede experiment werden aan de 5 reageerbuisjes met carotenoïden (C) en esters van carotenoïden (D) vrije zuurstofradicalen toegevoegd, waardoor in beide buisjes C en D de gele kleur sneller verdween dan in de buisjes A en B.In a second experiment, free oxygen radicals were added to the 5 test tubes with carotenoids (C) and esters of carotenoids (D), as a result of which the yellow color disappeared faster in both tubes C and D than in tubes A and B.
II. In een volgende experiment werd de 10 stabiliteit van de di-succinaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine (A) vergeleken met de stabiliteit van de di-acetaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine (B). Reageerbuisjes met de carotenoïden A en B werden bij kamertemperatuur in direct zonlicht geplaatst. Vervolgens 15 werd de tijd gemeten waarin de gele kleur verdween, als maat voor de afbraak van carotenoïden. In de reageerbuisjes met de carotenoïden A verdween de gele kleur minder snel dan in de reageerbuisjes met de carotenoïden B.II. In a subsequent experiment, the stability of the di-succinate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin (A) was compared with the stability of the di-acetate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin (B). Test tubes containing the carotenoids A and B were placed in direct sunlight at room temperature. Subsequently, the time in which the yellow color disappeared was measured as a measure of the breakdown of carotenoids. In the test tubes with the carotenoids A, the yellow color disappeared less quickly than in the test tubes with the carotenoids B.
20 In een verder experiment werden aan reageerbuisjes met de di-succinaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine (C) en de reageerbuisjes met de di-acetaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine (D) vrije zuurstofradicalen toegevoegd, waarna in reageerbuis C de 25 gele kleur sneller verdween dan in reageerbuis D. Hieruit bleek dat de di-succinaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine stabieler zijn dan de di-acetaatesters van luteïne en zeaxanthine.In a further experiment, free oxygen radicals were added to test tubes with the di-succinate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin (C) and the test tubes with the di-acetate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin (D), after which the yellow color disappeared more quickly in test tube C than in test tube D. This showed that the di-succinate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin are more stable than the di-acetate esters of lutein and zeaxanthin.
10103511010351
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1010351A NL1010351C2 (en) | 1998-10-19 | 1998-10-19 | Carotenoid esters for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. |
| DE19950327A DE19950327A1 (en) | 1998-10-19 | 1999-10-19 | Use of carotenoid ester compounds, especially derived from lutein and zeaxanthin, in prevention and treatment of eye disorders, especially age-related macular degeneration and cataract |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1010351 | 1998-10-19 | ||
| NL1010351A NL1010351C2 (en) | 1998-10-19 | 1998-10-19 | Carotenoid esters for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL1010351A1 NL1010351A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 |
| NL1010351C2 true NL1010351C2 (en) | 2001-01-08 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1010351A NL1010351C2 (en) | 1998-10-19 | 1998-10-19 | Carotenoid esters for use in the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE19950327A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL1010351C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001085183A2 (en) * | 2000-05-08 | 2001-11-15 | N.V. Nutricia | Preparation for the prevention and treatment of ocular disorders |
| DE60224655T2 (en) | 2001-02-23 | 2009-09-03 | Binnington, Richard H., Wakefield | NEW CAROTINOIDESTER |
| US20040170667A1 (en) * | 2001-05-24 | 2004-09-02 | Seiji Hayasaka | Agents for relieving eye controlling function error |
| US7081478B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2006-07-25 | Chrysantis, Inc. | Mixed zeaxanthin ester concentrate and uses thereof |
| US7253297B2 (en) | 2002-02-06 | 2007-08-07 | Dsm Ip Assetts B.V. | Astaxanthin esters |
| MXPA05001202A (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2005-11-23 | Hawaii Biotech Inc | Structural carotenoid analogs for the inhibition and amelioration of disease. |
| US7723327B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 | 2010-05-25 | Cardax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Carotenoid ester analogs or derivatives for the inhibition and amelioration of liver disease |
| EP1750723A1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2007-02-14 | Hawaii Biotech, Inc. | Carotenoid analogs or derivatives for the inhibition and amelioration of inflammation |
| US20060058269A1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2006-03-16 | Lockwood Samuel F | Carotenoid analogs or derivatives for the inhibition and amelioration of inflammation |
| CA2611137A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Cardax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Water-dispersible carotenoids, including analogs and derivatives |
| US8063101B2 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2011-11-22 | Cardax Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Carotenoid analogs and derivatives for the prevention of platelet aggregation |
| TWI501946B (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2015-10-01 | Basf Se | Method for producing astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5310764A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1994-05-10 | Steven Baranowitz | Treatment of age related macular degeneration with beta-carotene |
| WO1995000130A1 (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-01-05 | The Howard Foundation | Use of hydrophilic carotenoids for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases having an oxygenation mechanism |
| CH685189A5 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-04-28 | Marigen Sa | Ultramicroemulsions spontaneously dispersible concentrates with antitumoral effective xanthophyll esters. |
| WO1996013255A1 (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-09 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Use of astaxanthin for retarding and ameliorating central nervous system and eye damage |
| GB2301775A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-18 | Howard Foundation | High dosage lutein and zeaxanthin for macula therapy |
| EP0774251A2 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-21 | Applied Food Biotechnology, Inc. | 3R-3'R stereoisomer of zeaxanthin for treating macular degeneration in humans |
| WO1997048388A1 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Method of retarding and ameliorating central nervous system and eye damage |
| WO1998045241A2 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-15 | Henkel Corporation | Lutein esters having high bioavailability |
| JPH10276721A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-10-20 | Suntory Ltd | Astaxanthin-containing food or drink |
-
1998
- 1998-10-19 NL NL1010351A patent/NL1010351C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-10-19 DE DE19950327A patent/DE19950327A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5310764A (en) * | 1992-05-08 | 1994-05-10 | Steven Baranowitz | Treatment of age related macular degeneration with beta-carotene |
| WO1995000130A1 (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-01-05 | The Howard Foundation | Use of hydrophilic carotenoids for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases having an oxygenation mechanism |
| CH685189A5 (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-04-28 | Marigen Sa | Ultramicroemulsions spontaneously dispersible concentrates with antitumoral effective xanthophyll esters. |
| WO1996013255A1 (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-09 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Use of astaxanthin for retarding and ameliorating central nervous system and eye damage |
| GB2301775A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1996-12-18 | Howard Foundation | High dosage lutein and zeaxanthin for macula therapy |
| EP0774251A2 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-21 | Applied Food Biotechnology, Inc. | 3R-3'R stereoisomer of zeaxanthin for treating macular degeneration in humans |
| WO1997048388A1 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-24 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Method of retarding and ameliorating central nervous system and eye damage |
| WO1998045241A2 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-15 | Henkel Corporation | Lutein esters having high bioavailability |
| JPH10276721A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1998-10-20 | Suntory Ltd | Astaxanthin-containing food or drink |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 099, no. 001 29 January 1999 (1999-01-29) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19950327A1 (en) | 2000-04-20 |
| NL1010351A1 (en) | 2000-04-28 |
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