NL1007946C2 - Circuit for selective power supply to electrical units e.g. lighting fittings - uses live conductors sized to fuse rating of circuit and has central neutral conductor to carry return current of all electrical units. - Google Patents

Abstract

The circuit is designed to selectively provide supply voltage from an input feed line with live, neutral, and earth conductors, to individual or parallel connected items of electrical equipment (1). The live conductors (7) have sizes adapted to fuse ratings (44) and a central neutral conductor (5) is used. The electrical units are controlled by hand operated switches (21). The entire installation is connected to an end group of a switching and distribution device (24) containing main switch and fuse (22), and main incoming supply conductors (16,17). Electrical units can be switched remotely by making use of relays which are operated from a central operating panel.

Description

CIRCUIT FOR SELECTIVE POWERING OF ELECTRICAL UNITS

A circuit is known for selectively supplying electrical supply voltage from an input supply line with a neutral conductor and a phase conductor, provided with individual or parallel connected groups of connections, each comprising a phase conductor and a neutral charger, with which electricity-consuming electrical units, for example lighting fixtures, can be used. are or can be connected. A known circuit comprises a neutral connection between the neutral conductor and each neutral conductor and a phase connection between the phase conductor and each phase conductor. It is further known to include in each phase conductor a switch, by means of which the relevant electrical unit or group of electrical units can be switched on and switched off. An end group of a switching and distribution device with electric units connected thereto is thereby protected by an overcurrent protection element housed in a switching and distribution device, the cross-sectional area of the phase conductors and the neutral chargers to the electric units being matched to the relevant overcurrent protection element. This means in practice that the cross-sectional area of the phase cores to the electrical units in the case where several electrical units are connected to an end group is severely oversized.

As an example: a number of lamps with a power of 100 W at 230 VA * are connected to an end group of a switching and distribution device, whereby the cross-sectional area of the phase conductors and the neutral chargers of the installation of the relevant end group is matched to the overcurrent protection element of the 100794 6 2 end group in the switchgear and controlgear, with the maximum permissible current rating being, for example, 16A. For comparison, it is noted that the current through each of said 100 W lamps 5 is less than 0.5 A.

In connection with the circuit system described above, there are circuit systems that are microprocessor-controlled and find application in various types of buildings.

The first group of known systems are set up according to decentralization principles and comprise a collection of decentralized control, power and switching modules, which are mounted above suspended ceilings and to which electric units, for example 15 lighting fixtures, can be individually connected. These modules are interconnected by means of a collection of data bus lines which in turn are connected to a centrally arranged central control unit or CPU (Central Processor Unit).

The lighting is operated either locally by means of signal media, or centrally by means of control panels or a personal computer based on a computer program.

A second group of known systems is also set up according to decentralization principles, in which control and power modules are placed above suspended ceilings and the switching device is incorporated in an electrical unit, for example a lighting fixture. Coupling and operation takes place in accordance with the description given above for the first group of known systems.

A third group of known systems is set up according to decentralization principles, in which the control modules are incorporated in the switching material and the power and switching modules are arranged above false ceilings. Linking and operation takes place as shown below the description of the first group of known systems.

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The described systems aim to simplify the installation of the systems by saving the amount of cabling.

A fourth and final group of systems is set up according to centralized principles. However, these are rare, as the structure of the distribution structure has so far been insufficiently vetted. As a result, systems according to such a principle, insofar as they already exist, are currently still far too expensive.

The first three mentioned, known decentralized systems have the following drawbacks: (1) An architect is a person who designs a building and in many cases uses 15 suspended ceilings. These ceilings can be removable or non-removable. In practice, the architect is always the one who makes the decisions with regard to the type of suspended ceiling to be placed in a building. The technique plays a minor role here. Two types of suspended ceilings are used, namely the so-called removable and the non-removable ceilings. With removable ceilings, the problem arises that if a problem arises with the decentralized equipment above the ceiling, these ceilings must be officially removed by an architectural contractor, since this falls under his responsibility. In the case of non-removable ceilings (for example stucco ceilings), the problem arises that when a problem arises with the decentralized equipment above such a ceiling, this means demolition thereof, which can be disproportionately expensive. In these cases, the user of these installations is therefore completely dependent on the construction contractor for solving a problem with the electrical installation, which is a very curious and very undesirable situation. At best it can be said that the service friendliness of the installation is a point of attention.

(2) The integration of control switch modules in components, such as lighting fixtures and 5 switching material, has the disadvantage that one depends on the manufacturer. If you choose a specific switching system, you are also obliged to use luminaire and switching material from the same manufacturer. This is in contrast to the wish to have the greatest possible freedom with regard to the choice of make of the components to be installed, independently of the make of the switching system to be selected.

(3) Decentralized installations become opaque over time, as power and switching components can gradually be added to them over time with some arbitrariness, which in practice is never tracked on schedules and revision data.

Furthermore, there is a drawback that the operation of such systems or the way in which all this is connected and connected is not clear to the user of the installation. This is due in part to the usual level of knowledge of the user with regard to such often "intelligent" components. Here again the problem of service friendliness arises.

(4) Decentralized control, power and switching modules can often only be connected with great effort, for example bus line cable in, bus line cable out, power cable in, switched lines out, signal media control lines in. Such modules are also placed in large quantities above ceilings, whereby the said operations must take place individually for each module. This creates a large number of nodes, the laboriousness of which in connection is often underestimated.

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5 (5) PLC (Programmable Logic Control) or microprocessor-controlled, intelligent control components are sensitive to aging, comparable to computers, while installations have a 5 long depreciation period, for example, in the order of 15 years. This means that a user of an installation must have the opportunity to adapt the control technology to new techniques every so many years, while maintaining the basic installation. The entire installation has to be adapted with decentralized intelligent components, which is expensive.

The conclusion that must be drawn from the above five objections is that control, power and switching equipment must always be placed in a location where it is easily and freely accessible in order to provide service in a simple manner, for example in one or more technical areas and certainly not above suspended ceilings, let alone in fixed 20 ceilings. Switching devices and control device must also be decoupled in order to be able to easily replace the control devices at a desired time, whereby a simple centralized power supply, switching and control wiring network must be developed in order to make the installation design easily controllable. The design of the entire installation must necessarily be laid down for its management.

It is an object of the invention to substantially improve the intrinsic safety of the above-described known circuit and to offer the possibility of installing the circuit at considerably reduced costs.

It is a second object of the invention to modify the known circuit in such a way that it can be adapted very flexibly, using modular units, to individual requirements determined by the circumstances 1007946 6, with the possibility of a circuit once installed easy to adapt to new needs.

It is a third object of the invention to set up the circuit such that it is easily controllable, with switch control components being easily interchangeable, replaceable and controllable, the effective life of the static components including wiring and 10 cabling components can be significantly increased.

A fourth and final object of the invention is to design a switching system in such a way that a complete synergy can be created between any data control systems, switching technology, protection technology and energy distribution for electrical units used.

In connection with the above objects, the invention generally provides a circuit for selectively supplying electrical connections from an input supply line with a neutral conductor, a phase conductor and optionally an earth conductor, comprising individual or parallel connected groups, each comprising a phase conductor , a neutral and optionally an earth conductor to which electricity consuming electrical units, for example lighting fixtures, are or can be connected, which circuit comprises: - a zero connection between the neutral and each neutral; 30 - optionally an earth connection between every earth conductor and every earth conductor; - a phase connection between the phase conductor and each phase conductor, in which phase connection a current control element is included; and 35 - an overcurrent protection element, for example a fuse, included in each phase connection, which limits the current to the maximum value determined for the relevant phase connection.

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It is noted that at least one earth conductor may be added to the circuit.

An example of such a circuit is designed such that the current control element is a switch or relay.

Another embodiment has the special feature that a current control element is a regulator, for example a thyristor regulator.

A very interesting option from a cost perspective consists in that each phase conductor has a cross-sectional area adapted to a maximum current through that phase conductor. This variant has the advantage that it is generally possible to suffice with cores which have considerably reduced cross-sectional areas, which offers a great advantage from an installation perspective, since thinner cores are easier to handle and, moreover, the total dimensions of a bundle consisting of various wires, so that more wires can be laid through an installation tube.

Analogously, the invention offers a variant in which each charger has a cross-sectional area adapted to the maximum current through that charger.

Specific advantages are achieved with an embodiment in which each overcurrent protection element is included close to the phase conductor in the relevant phase connection. In this embodiment, the advantage is achieved that any unsafe situation, in particular a short circuit, in one or more of the phase conductors beyond an overcurrent protection element immediately enters a known, safe condition after the activation of this overcurrent protection element. In general, when using switches as current control elements, switching contacts of a lighter type may suffice, since the switches no longer need to be adapted to the relatively large maximum principle permissible current strength of the known systems, but may be limited to those values which are compatible with the limited maximum current, which is determined by the respective overcurrent protection element.

A specific embodiment has the special feature that only the part between the overcurrent protection element and the relevant connection has a cross-sectional area adapted to the aforementioned maximum current through the relevant phase conductor.

Particular advantages are achieved with an embodiment in which the circuit is provided with a central control unit, for example a switch panel, a PLC, a PC or the like, which is arranged for, for example, under program control 15 under operation on the basis of external instructions, for example commands from a keyboard, a mouse, light sensors, alarm sensors or the like, for example according to the program present in the central control unit, to control the 20 current control elements. Such an embodiment allows for great flexibility in combination with an exceptionally great ease of operation.

The latter embodiment preferably comprises a circuit according to claim 1, comprising a housing, in which a number of current control elements which can be controlled by the central control unit via respective control connections and respective overcurrent protection elements connected in series, comprising 30 - the phase, zero and optional ground connections common to respective poles of a first connector and the neutral connection to a second pole of said first connector, said first connector being connectable to the input power line 35; a number of phase cores, a neutral and possibly a ground conductor with respective poles of a second connecting means, for example a connector or 100794c 9 terminal strip, are connected, which second connecting means is connectable to the connections for the electrical units; and - a number of control connections are connected with respective poles of a third connection means, for instance a connector or terminal strip, which third connection means is connectable to the central control unit.

A specific embodiment has the special feature that the second and / or the third connector is fixedly coupled to the housing.

The circuit according to the invention as described above can further advantageously be provided with bypass means for controlling the current control elements without the activity of the central control unit. This makes it easy to control the system via the bypass facilities, for example in an emergency.

A circuit with a central control unit 20 can advantageously be provided with presentation means, for instance a screen, with which various key figures can be presented, for example the total power switched on per group of electric units, the number of hours during which an electric unit 25 has been switched on. , the energy consumption over a certain period, and the like.

The invention also relates to a module comprising a housing, in which a number of current control elements controllable via respective control connections by the central control unit and respective overcurrent protection elements connected in series are included.

The invention furthermore relates to an electric cable, which is adapted to form part of a circuit according to the invention, in which each phase conductor and every neutral charger has a cross-sectional area adapted to the maximum current strength through the respective conductor 1007946. . This electric cable according to the invention comprises: a number of insulated wires serving as phase wires with each relatively small cross-sectional area; 5 an insulated core serving as a zero loader with a relatively large cross-sectional area; optionally an insulated core serving as a ground conductor with a relatively large cross-sectional area; and a sheath connecting and wrapping all said cores.

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the annexed drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram according to the invention in a first embodiment; FIG. 2 is a schematic of a more complicated circuit according to the invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microprocessor-controlled circuit according to the invention;

Fig. 4 an example of a floor plan of a 20-storey floor, on which various lighting fixtures are indicated;

Fig. 5 an example of a floor plan of a storey floor on which a part of a low-voltage installation has been drawn; FIG. 6 an example of a floor plan with a storey floor on which various signal media are indicated;

Fig. 7 A is a top view of a DEPS module;

Fig. 7B is a front view of DEPS module according to FIG. 7A;

Fig. 8-17 examples of detailed control flow diagrams of a DEPS module;

Fig. 18 an example of an "Interceptor" terminal box; FIG. 19 an example of an "Input interface" terminal box; ί <ί. f; i ·! ! 11

Fig. 20 an example of a principle structure of an installation part, on which the various components are indicated as shown in figures 1-19;

Fig. 21 an example of a data network structure 5 of a particular building;

Fig. 22 a computer display depicting a plan of electrical units;

Fig. 23 an example of a wiring diagram of the coupling of signal media; FIG. 24 an example of a wiring diagram of the coupling of a voltage output unit to a DEPS module;

Fig. 25 an example of a collection panel in front view, which collection panel includes a number of DEPS modules and other units;

Fig. 26 an example of a traffic light installation according to the invention;

Fig. 27 a traffic signaling installation according to the invention; FIG. 28 a street lighting installation according to the invention;

Fig. 29 a principle diagram of an emergency power installation according to the invention;

Fig. 30 a schematic diagram of a sun shading installation based on a circuit according to the invention;

Fig. 31 a schematic diagram of a door control installation based on a circuit according to the invention; FIG. 32A is a cross section through an electric cable according to the invention;

Fig. 32B is a side view of an end portion of such a cable; and

Fig. 33 is a schematic diagram of a circuit according to the invention, showing the electrical cable of FIG. 32.

In the following description of the accompanying figures, corresponding 1007946 12 components are, where appropriate, always designated with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a simple control flow chart of electrical units 1, 5 connected by current-carrying conductors 7, the cross sections of which are matched to fuses 44 and a central neutral conductor 5. The electrical units are switched by means of manually operated switches 21. The entire installation is connected to an end group of a switching and distribution device 24, in which, for example, a group switch with main fuse 22 and a main voltage-carrying conductor 16 and neutral conductor 17 is located. It is noted that in figure 1 and also some of the following figures the cross-sectional surfaces of the various conductors are shown with relatively thick or relatively thin lines. This symbolically indicates that the thick lines correspond to veins with a relatively large cross-sectional area, while the thin lines correspond to veins with a relatively small cross-sectional area.

Attention is further drawn to the fact that the electrical units shown in Figure 1, which are designated as lamps, are connected from left to right, respectively, as a group of two lamps connected in parallel and as individual lamps. It will be clear that any desired combination is possible in principle.

Fig. 2 shows an example of a more extensive control flow diagram of electrical units 1, which can be switched remotely using relay 23 with relay contacts acting as switches 4, which are connected by means of control current wiring 20 to remote switches 21, 35 can be operated manually and are, for example, included in a central control panel. In Figure 2, parts in accordance with Figure 1 are designated with the same 10797946 13 reference numbers. Where applicable this applies to all drawings.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a complex control flow diagram of electrical units 1 connected to a number of so-called DEPS modules (see also figure 7). The indication on DEPS is an abbreviation for "Differentiated Electric Power Switch". The various components in the modules are shown in figure 7.

The DEPS modules are connected to an end group of a switching and distribution device 24. The electrical units can be controlled by either an output module 57 which in turn is connected via a data signal cable 61 to a Central Processor Unit 59 with personal computer 60, and / or a signal input unit 56 with 15 signal media, in this case pushbuttons, connected using a control current signal cable 33. The electrical units can be applied by using a so-called Splitter module 25 on which input voltages from an emergency control panel 10 and input voltages from the 20 voltage output modules 57 are brought together for interconnection with the DEPS module, are driven. The purpose of this design is to switch electrical units on and off using microprocessor technology and using one or more emergency control panels. These emergency control panels and the voltage output modules are coupled via one or more splitter modules 25 via control power cables 63 and connected to a connector chassis part 43 of a DEPS module (fig. 7).

Fig. 3 4 shows an example of a floor plan with a storey floor, on which various lighting fixtures 1 are indicated, which can be connected permanently or detachably by means of electrical connections to a 35 DEPS module 2, to be described below, which is indicated by the code DEPS. 1301. The luminaire collections can be connected to this, which are indicated by the box 3.

Fig. 4 also shows examples of relay contact codes 10079464 14 4, behind which lighting fixtures can be connected. The other floor plan drawings with installation facilities associated with Fig. 4 are shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.

FIG. 5 is an example of a floor plan with a storey floor, on which a part of a low-voltage installation is drawn. This drawing shows the neutral and earth conductors 6, to which a collection of electrical units, in this case 10 light fittings, can be connected. The switched live conductors 7 must be able to be branched separately for the purpose of supplying lighting fixtures and are for this purpose connected to a terminal box 15 "Interceptor" (see fig. 18), which in turn is coupled to the relevant DEPS module (see fig. 7), in the collection panel (see fig. 25) with the help of live conductors 7 and neutral / earth conductors 5, 6. The luminaires are permanently connected to a connection point 13 via a phase and a zero-20 / earth conductor 14 , or are connected to socket 12 by means of a cable and a contact plug. Also, the luminaires can be switched outside the control system using an emergency control panel 10, which is powered via a power supply unit 11. For the position of the luminaires, reference is made to fig. 4.

The installation of the DEPS modules with the codes DPS-1304 and DPS-1305 is elaborated in accordance with the installations elaborated as an example.

The plan drawings with installation facilities associated with Fig. 5 are shown in Figs. 4 and 6.

Unit 25 is an example of a splitter module on which input voltages from the emergency control panels 10 with associated power supply unit 11 and input voltages from the voltage output units 57 are brought together for daisy chaining with the DEPS module. The purpose of this structure is to switch electrical units on and off using a central control unit and via the emergency control panels.

FIG. 6 is an example of a floor plan of a storey floor on which the various signal media are indicated, for example passive infrared (PIR) detectors 28, pushbuttons 29, infrared transmitters 30, infrared receivers 31. These signal media are coupled to an input module which is accommodated can be installed in the collection panel (see fig. 25), whether or not connected via a terminal box "Input interface" (see figure 19), which is coupled to the input module via a signal cable 33. About the floor plans with 15 installation facilities belonging to this fig 6 are shown in Figures 4 and 5.

Figures 7A and 7B are an example of a DEPS module, built up from the following components: a housing 40 in which the various components are housed; a mains voltage connection facility 41; a connection facility for voltage-carrying switched conductors, neutral and earth conductors (42); a connection facility for conductors with input voltages for activating relay coils 43; Fuses or other current limiting and protection means 44 for individually protecting conductors, relay contacts or electrical units against overcurrent; operating switch for de-energizing and de-energizing the DEPS module 45; 30 signaling devices for monitoring the system against sabotage 46 with connecting devices 47. The other components form the mounting aids 48. The structure according to Fig. 7 is constructed with the above-mentioned components. However, it is also possible to use other types of relays, voltage converters, voltage regulators, etc. for specific applications of the module with 100794Ö 16 using the electricity distribution structure as described above.

Fig. 8-17 are examples of elaborated control circuit diagrams of a DEPS module, in which the 5 components of fig. 7 can be found, with the exception of the anti-tamper devices 46 and 47.

Fig. 18 is an example of an "Interceptor" terminal box with components such as: housing 49 with terminals 50 for a live conductor, terminals for zero / ground 51 and mounting aids 52 on which transition from the split wiring / cabling to a more clustered wiring / cabling.

Fig. 19 is an example of a terminal box "input 15 interface" with components such as housing 53 with terminals 54 and mounting aids on which transition from split field wiring / cabling to more clustered wiring / cabling takes place.

FIG. 20 is an example of a principle structure of an installation part on which the components are indicated, as they are named in previous figures 1-19, with the exception of the signal input unit 56, the control voltage output unit 57, the power supply unit 58 for the purpose of of powering said units 56 and 57, the central processor unit 59 for programming the system, the associated computer system 60, the data cabling 61, the power supply cabling 62, the control voltage cabling 63, the cabling of any tamper contact 64 and cabling for data transmission via the public telephone network 66.

Fig. 21 is an example of a data network structure of a particular building 65, in which the 35 components from the drawings discussed above can be found.

Fig. 22 is a computer display showing a floor plan (FIG. 4) with electrical units, in this case lighting fixtures. Switching on and off of the electrical units using this monitor is possible because the monitor is linked to the computer with computer program and the data network as shown in the previous figure.

Fig. 23 is an example of a wiring diagram of the coupling of signal media, for example indicated by reference numerals 28, 29 and 31 with a signal-10 input unit, via an "Input interface" (see fig. 19).

Fig. 24 is an example of a wiring diagram of the coupling of the voltage output unit 57 to a DEPS module (see FIG. 7).

Fig. 25 is an example of a collection panel, 15 which includes the following components: DEPS modules (fig. 7), Splitter modules 25, signal input unit 56, voltage output unit 57, power supply unit 58 and other mounting aids.

Fig. 26 shows a principle structure of the application of a system with DEPS modules for a traffic light installation, in which, in addition to the aforementioned components, the following components are also shown: traffic detection loops 67, pulse switches 68 for pedestrians and cyclists and 25 traffic lights 69.

Fig. 27 shows a principle structure with DEPS modules for a traffic signaling installation, in which, in addition to the aforementioned components, the following components include: traffic detection loop 67, a speed detector 70, a fog detector 71, traffic indications 68, 72, 73, including fog alerts 73.

Fig. 28 shows a principle structure with DEPS modules 35 for a public street lighting installation, including the following additional components: traffic detection loops 67, a 1007 948 l '18 motion detector 74, a twilight switch 75 and street lamp posts 76.

The design and installation of this installation can take place quickly, reliably and very manageable, thanks to a structural and deliberate construction: step 1: determining the position of luminaires and connection points (see fig. 4); step 2: filling in an information form of a switch module and setting up installation drawings with 10 codings (see for example fig. 5); step 3: filling in a programming form and setting up installation drawings (see figures 5 and 6); step 4: assembling empty collection panels 15 (see fig. 25, with the exception of the components); step 5: installation according to installation drawings and installing and connecting collection panels; step 6: entering measurement data in the information module switching module; step 7: assembling modules and programming the input and output and computer system in the factory; and step 8: just before delivery placing the 25 various modules and inserting the connectors.

The entire installation can be operated on a computer with peripherals as follows.

Starting up the computer and logging in, after which a menu will appear. If one goes further, 30 will appear on the screen asking which building complex it concerns. By typing in or selecting the relevant information, a map of a specific complex appears. A north arrow1 indication may be shown on this map, so that the location of the complex can be related to its surroundings. The listed buildings are indicated on this map. Selecting a building now shows a side view of a building, supported by a 1007946 19 direction indicator. It is also possible to call up various side views of the building. Various floors are indicated on the side views. For example, it is possible to switch on lighting by clicking on the spaces on the sides of the building. This allows, for example, to display promotional campaigns for the benefit of the environment. It is also possible to pre-program certain promotional campaigns, so that a specific image can be automatically displayed at any time. However, if you wish to switch on or off the lighting of one or more floors, for example, or view the status thereof, you can click on the floors to do so, so that the floor plan of the relevant floors appears. It is also possible to call other controls, such as, for example, the operation of sockets, of sun blinds, of electrically lockable and unlockable doors and so on. Thus there is talk of a multifunctional system. On the map you can switch on or off the electric units or select a group of them. It is also possible to operate a complete security installation with the DEPS control system. The control system can therefore be used multifunctionally. On the system it is also possible to present multiple forms of information regarding the status of the installation, such as for example: the number of luminaires switched on; from a group of buildings, 30 per building, per floor, per facade, and so on; the switched-on power of the electrical units; of a group of buildings, per building, per floor, per facade, and so on; the energy consumption per hour, per day, per month, per year of a group of buildings, per building, per floor, per facade, and so on. It is thus possible, by storing the multitude of information in the memory of the central control unit with regard to consumables, to easily retrieve key figures.

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Control and switchgear in the collection panels, which are centrally located at various locations, function as autonomous installations. Thus, even if the central control unit is lost, the operation can continue to take place locally.

Remote operation is in principle possible, if the installation is connected to the international telephone network and there is a good data connection, so that the appliances of every 10 place in the world can be operated with the help of a computer. This is possible in particular on the basis of ISDN telephone lines.

Lighting can also be controlled by means of an on-site switching medium, for example, a push-button in an office, by a group of control push-buttons in a department, links with card readers, infrared control, using PIR (passive infrared) detectors and so on. the wishes of a customer. These signal media are locally coupled to the relevant input cards, which are subsequently coupled to the DEPS modules via output cards. In the event of failure of the control system or during maintenance work, the electrical units can be switched outside the system using one or more emergency control panels that are powered from power supply units. The emergency control panels are coupled by means of multi-core cabling to the relevant switching module through the use of a Splitter module 25.

The system according to the invention can find application in any type of building, for example non-residential building, healthcare buildings, homes, etc., but also for public electrical units, such as traffic light installations, traffic signaling systems and street lighting installations. In this connection reference is made, inter alia, to Figures 26, 27 and 28. Figures 29, 30 and 31 to be described below relate to emergency power supplies, a sun shading installation and a door control system.

Fig. 29 shows a schematic diagram, comprising interconnected DEPS installations (see also the 5 figures 20, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31) with components in a collection panel (figure 25) with a switching and distribution device 80 and / or a no. -break unit 9. This switching and distribution device is powered from a transformer 77 of the public energy distribution network and an emergency power generator 78 with associated control and switch box 79. Reference numeral 82 refers to supply lines for equipment in collection panel (fig. 25), in this exemplary embodiment also via no-break unit 9. When the voltage of the public energy distribution network is cut off, signals are passed via signal lines 81 to the control and switch box 79 to start up the emergency power generator and to the DEPS installation for the switched electrical units. If the emergency power generator is connected to the switching and distribution device, you can selectively switch up electrical units on the emergency power generator in a predetermined selection, either automatically or manually, using a Central 25 Processor Unit (CPU) 59, which unit is connected by means of signal lines 61 to computer 60, control and switch cabinet, emergency power generator 79 and input and output modules 56, 57 in the collection panel (figure 25).

FIG. 30 shows a schematic diagram of a sun shading installation using DEPS modules, in which, in addition to the aforementioned components, the following components are also used: sun shading control motors 84 for running up and down sun shading, sun canopies and the like, limit switches 85 for turning on stop the end of a movement stroke of the 1007946 «* 22 awning control motors and awning control switch 83.

Fig. 31 shows a schematic diagram of a door control system with DEPS modules. The following components are furthermore used here: door control push button 86 for unlocking electrically operated door locks 86 and signal lines 87, which are coupled to the input module 56 for lock, bolt and door position signaling. The transformer 89 serves to supply a low voltage of, for example, 24 V for the electromagnetic control of the locks in question, for instance using a solenoid with a core movable therein.

Figures 32 and 33 respectively show an example of an electric cable according to the invention and application thereof in a configuration corresponding to figure 2.

Figure 32 shows a multi-core electric cable 20 with a number of current conductors, which are denoted in groups by 101, 102 and 103 and which are electrically insulated from each other by individual insulating jackets. Figure 32 also shows that the zero loader 101 and earth conductor 102 have a larger diameter than the phase cores 103. The cable 120 in this embodiment is intended to be laid in the ground. To this end, in this exemplary embodiment it is provided with a metal reinforcement 105 in other applications, it is possible to dispense with this metal reinforcement 105. The insulating jackets of the individual cores 30 are indicated by the reference number 104. The common jacket holding the bundle of cores together and enclosing it indicated by 124.

Figure 33 shows the application of the cable 120 in an electrical circuit according to Figure 2, wherein the 35 electrical units, in this case lighting fixtures 126, are supplied with voltage from switching module 127, which includes the following components: fuses 44 against overcurrent, relay 23 with 1007 946% * 23 switch contacts 4 and connector chassis part 42 (see also figure 3). The cable according to figure 32 is connected by means of connector 212 to connector 42. Relays 23 are controlled by means of the 5 switches 21, which are connected by means of control current cores 20 bundled in cable 214 to a connector chassis part 43 on the DEPS module. The electrical units 126 and the DEPS module 127 are supplied with voltage from an end group of a switching and distribution device 24, in which a group switch with main fuse 22 is incorporated for the protection of the wires 130, 131, 132 of power cable 133 against overcurrent. The protections 22 and 44 are mutually selective, as will be apparent from the foregoing description 15 of the principles of the invention.

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Claims (14)

1. Circuit for selectively supplying electrical connections from an input supply line with a neutral conductor, a phase conductor and possibly an earth conductor, comprising individual or parallel connected groups of groups, each comprising a phase conductor, a neutral charger and possibly a ground conductor with which electricity is supplied. consuming electrical units, for example, lighting fixtures, are or can be connected, the circuit comprising: - a neutral connection between the neutral and each neutral; - possibly an earth connection between every earth conductor and every earth conductor; - a phase connection between the phase conductor and each phase conductor, in which phase connection a current control element is included; and - an overcurrent protection element included in each phase connection, for example a fuse, which limits the current to the maximum value determined for the relevant phase connection 20. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the current control element is a switch or relay. 3. Circuitry according to claim 1, wherein a current control element is a controller, for example a thyristor controller. Circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein each phase conductor has a cross-sectional area adapted to a maximum current through this phase conductor. Circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein each zero charger has a cross-sectional area adapted to the maximum current through said zero charger. Circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein each overcurrent protection element is included close to the phase conductor in the relevant phase connection. > 100794 0 7. A circuit according to claim 4, wherein only the part between the overcurrent protection element and the relevant connection has a cross-sectional area adapted to the said maximum current through the respective phase conductor. Circuit as claimed in claim 1, comprising a central control unit, for example a switch panel, a PLC, a PC or the like, which is adapted to operate, for example under program control 10, on the basis of external instructions, for example commands from a keyboard, a mouse , light sensors, alarm sensors or the like, for example according to the program present in the central control unit controlling the current control elements. Circuit as claimed in claim 1, comprising a housing, in which a number of current control elements 20 controllable via respective control connections by the central control unit and respective overcurrent protection elements connected in series, wherein - the phase, zero and any earth connections are shared with respective poles of a first connector and the neutral connection is connected to a second pole of said first connection means, which first connection means is connectable to the input supply line; a number of phase cores, a neutral and possibly an earth conductor with respective poles of a second connection means, eg a connector or terminal strip, are connected, which second connection means is connectable to the connections for the electrical units; and - a number of control connections are connected with respective poles of a third connection means, for instance a connector or terminal strip, which third connection means is connectable to the central control unit. 1007946 4 Circuit as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first, second and / or the third connecting means is fixedly coupled to the housing. Circuit according to claim 8, comprising 5 bypass means for controlling the current control elements without the activity of the central control unit. 12. Circuit as claimed in claim 8, comprising presentation means, for instance a screen, with which various key figures can be presented, for instance the total power switched on per group of connections, the number of hours during which an electric unit has been switched on; energy consumption over a period of time, and the like. 13. Module, comprising a housing as specified in claim 9, in which housing a number of current control elements controllable via respective control connections by the central control unit and respective overcurrent protection elements connected in series therewith. 14. Electric cable, arranged to form part of a circuit according to claims 4 and 5, which cable comprises: a number of insulated wires serving as phase wires with each relatively small cross-sectional area; an insulated core serving as a loader with a relatively large cross-sectional area; Optionally an insulated core serving as a ground conductor with a relatively large cross-sectional area; and a sheath connecting and wrapping all said cores. . j 7946