MXPA99010781A - Quick action nut for fixing the wheel rim of a vehicle wheel on an end of a shaft of a balancing machine, said end having an outer thread - Google Patents

Abstract

A speed clamping nut to clamp the rim of a vehicle wheel on an end fitted with an outer thread of a shaft of a balancing machine, comprising a housing having at least one grip mounted in substantially radially manner to the housing, and an inside thread. A threaded component rotational about the screw axis of the speed clamping nut and relative to the housing is connected to the housing and comprises an inside thread and is connected with the drive side of a rotational drive system connected to the housing. Following engagement, the rotational drive system assumes the complex and time-consuming screwing-on procedure when the wheel rim is pulled against spring forces toward a centering cone.

Description

NUMBER OF CLAMP R REQUEST TO ATTACH THE RIM OF A VEHICLE WHEEL ON A ONE-TUBE END OF A BALANCING MACHINE PROVIDED WITH AN OUTER THREAD The invention relates to a quick-fastening nut of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 , for holding the rim of a vehicle wheel on the end of a shaft of a balancing machine provided with an external threading. DE 36 05 821 A1 discloses a quick clamping nut of the type under consideration, which in particular serves to clamp a vehicle wheel on the clamping shaft of a balancing machine.

It comprises a box in which radially directed maneuvers are arranged diametrically opposite. Two radially movable thread segments are arranged in the housing, which are prestressed radially inwards by a spring to a threaded coupling position. The segments of the thread can be moved by hand radially outwards to an uncoupled position against the spring force, by means of actuating elements. The use of this known quick clamping nut is carried out so that first the wheel of the vehicle to be balanced is pushed with its central hole on the shaft of the balancing machine. Then the quick-clamping nut with the uncoupled thread segments is pushed axially onto the shaft of the balancing machine, after which the drive elements are unloaded to uncouple the thread segments, so that the thread segments they are forced by the spring to the coupling position in which the internal thread of the thread segments are engaged with the external thread on the end of the shaft of the balancing machine. After this the quick-clamping nut is rotated for a long time by means of maneuvers fixed to the box until the wheel rim of the vehicle is immobilized. This fastening screw through a relatively long clamping path has to be carried out against non-inconsiderable forces, so that threshing is laborious. These forces are mainly due to the fact that to center the rim an axially displaceable centering cone is arranged on the shaft, on the rear part of which there is a strong spring which, when clamped, tightens the cone into the centering hole of the rim. This radially centered position is reached before the rim reaches its immobilized position in which it comes to rest against a stop flange most of the time in the form of a glass, arranged in the shaft of the balancing machine, against which then the rim is immobilized by means of the retaining nut. So that the centering cone always arrives safely in the centering position, even in the case of different diameters of the centering holes of the rims, the location of the radial centering, and consequently the beginning of the screwing against the tensioning force of the wheel. spring that is on the back side of the centering cone is often found well before the final immobilization point. Therefore, the screw-in path of the quick-clamping nut against the force of the spring is relatively long, which is the cause of the laborious and delayed resulting in the screwing of the quick-clamping nut. DE 42 00 380 C2 discloses a device for fastening and releasing a self-propelled vehicle wheel to a main shaft driven by a motor of a wheel balancing machine, in which the clamping is carried out with the aid of a traction bar that is driven in a movable manner in the axial direction in the main shaft, which at one of its ends is locked with the wheel and in which for the clamping a traction force is exerted at the other end. This known device is extremely complex and complicated to handle. From DE 29 35 216 C2 and DE 33 27 635 C2, fastening nuts are known for fixing a vehicle wheel on a clamping shaft of a balancing machine in which radially uncoupled thread segments are engaged with a thread for clamping. on the shaft of the balancing machine. They suffer from the same disadvantages as the quick-release nut according to DE 36 05 821 A1 mentioned at the beginning. DE 28 13 387 C2 discloses a balancing machine for wheels of motor vehicles in which the fastening of the wheel of the motor vehicle is carried out by means of a drawbar driven through the hollow swinging shaft. This is complex and complicated to manage. The object of the invention is to create a quick clamping nut of the type under consideration that facilitates and expedites the immobilization. The task on which the invention is based is solved by the teaching indicated in the distinctive part of claim 1. The fundamental idea of the invention is to provide for the quick-clamping nut a rotary drive device which assumes the screwing process to through the long path of screwing, and executes this process quickly and effortlessly by the operator. In this case, the rotary drive device does not rotate the entire housing, but only a threaded part in which is the internal thread that can rotate with respect to the housing around the screw shaft of the quick-clamping nut. For the operator, only the simple task of retaining the box of the quick-clamping nut by the maneuvers arranged in it and thus absorbing the moment of reaction remains. In addition, by means of the maneuvers the operator is in a position to manually increase the moment of braking at the end of the screwing process, and this by means of a short movement of the maneuvers in the direction of the screwing. In the same way, the operator can cause the quick-release nut to be released, after which the rotary drive device can assume the longer unscrewing path again. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the rotary drive device is arranged in a maneuver. Fundamentally it is possible to provide for a short time an external power supply to the rotating drive device during its operation. However, a convenient embodiment of the invention provides for an energy accumulator for the rotary drive device to be arranged in the housing and / or in a maneuver. Because the energy required for the screwing process is relatively small, the energy store can be relatively small, so that it can be arranged in a maneuver. In order to increase the accumulable energy, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, four cross-shaped maneuvers are arranged in the box, in which the rotary drive device is arranged in one maneuver and energy accumulators are arranged in other maneuvers. In the case of arranging the rotary drive device in a maneuver it is convenient that the drive shaft is functionally connected to the threaded element through an angular transmission, the angular transmission being conveniently an angular gear. If the maneuver is arranged in such a way that it tilts away from the clamping direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the quick clamping nut, then the angular gear is expediently a bevel gear. If the rotational speed of the rotating drive device is sufficiently large, then the rotating drive device can also serve to overcome the screw path in which remarkable clamping forces still do not occur. However, an embodiment of the basic idea of the invention provides for the threaded element two thread segments that are pre-tensioned radially inwardly by the engagement spring to the engagement position, whereby drive elements are provided by which the thread segments can be moved to an uncoupled position against the force of the coupling spring. Like the quick-clamping nut described at the beginning, the quick-clamping nut according to the invention in the uncoupled state of the thread segments can then be pushed axially onto the shaft of the balancing machine until tension forces appear. remarkable The actuation elements are then discharged, so that the coupling spring moves the thread segments to the engaged position, thereby obtaining the quick clamping nut its nut function. After that, the actual screwing process can be carried out by the rotary drive device in the manner described. In the case of the embodiment mentioned last, the segments of the thread are conveniently prestressed radially outwards by means of a decoupling spring, the force of the decoupling spring being so much weaker than that of the coupling spring that the thread segments are continuously maintained in the engagement position without the actuation of the drive elements. In this case, the actuating elements are conveniently connected functionally to the thread segments by means of a cam mechanism. By means of the configuration of the aforementioned springs, it is ensured that the cam mechanism is continuously maintained in engagement. Conveniently, the cam mechanism comprises, attached to the threaded element, an immobilized rotational drive ring that is provided with a conical, non-conical surface for seating against complementary conical supports of the thread segments. In this the actuating elements have a decoupling fork which is configured as a lever with two arms at the ends of its forks has pins that protrude radially inward and fit into an external slot of the drive ring, and whose other arm forms a drive arm that is prestressed against the driving direction by the coupling spring. In the case of this embodiment, the cam mechanism rotates with the rotatable threaded element. That is, both do not perform a relative rotational movement from one to the other, so that the cam mechanism is not stressed by these movements. The transmission of the driving forces is carried out only by the pins on the ends of the forks - of the decoupling fork which engage in the groove protruding into the drive ring. A switch for starting or reversing the direction of rotation of the rotating drive elements is conveniently arranged on the quick-clamping nut. Conveniently, these switches may be two pulse switches of which one connects the rotating drive elements in one of the turning directions and the other connects the rotary drive elements in the other direction of rotation. The switch (s) are also conveniently in the vicinity of a maneuver, so that they can be pressed, for example, with the thumb when the maneuver is held by hand. The rotary drive elements conveniently have an electric motor, the energy accumulator being a battery or an accumulator. The accumulator can be charged in a known manner during the intervals in which the quick-clamping nut is not operated by bringing the quick-clamping nut to a position in which the electrical contacts of which it is provided come into contact with contacts of a device of cargo. Naturally, an inductive transfer of a load voltage is also possible, in a manner known per se, for which it is necessary that a rectifier exists in the quick clamping nut. Another convenient embodiment is that the rotating drive elements are formed by a compressed air (pneumatic) motor. This represents an advantage in view of the fact that in tire shops in which the quick-release nut is used in coordination with balancing machines there are often compressed air sources, which can be used to feed the rotating drive elements. Also in this case it is possible to provide an energy accumulator in the quick clamping nut, specifically in the form of a pressure chamber arranged in one or several maneuvers. The rotating drive device is conveniently self-braking. This has the advantage that when desired, or a power source for the rotating drive device is not available or has been exhausted, the quick-clamping nut can be used in the usual manner as a hand-operated nut. On the basis of the drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of exemplary embodiments. Figure 1 shows a quick clamping nut according to the invention, in section in the coupling position, figure 2 shows a plan view on the representation of figure 1, figure 3 corresponds to figure 1 and shows the quick clamping nut in the decoupled position, figure 4 shows a second example of embodiment of the invention in radial section similar to figure 1, figure 5 is a plan view on figure 4, figure 6 shows, in a radial section, an example of an embodiment based on compressed air, and Figure 7 is a plan view on Figure 6. Figure 1 shows a quick clamping nut comprising a box 2 in which maneuvers 4 and 6 are radially arranged. In maneuver 4 there are accumulators 8 for driving an engine 10 arranged in the maneuver 6. In the box is a threaded element 12 that rotates in bearing in the box 2 by ball bearings 14 and 16. The threaded element 12 has two radially mobile threaded segments 18 and 19 which in each case internally have an internal thread 22 and 24. The thread segments 18 and 20 are prestressed radially outwards by a decoupling spring 26. By virtue of this pretension they seat against an internal surface of a cylindrical extension 28 of a drive ring 30 in which there is an external annular groove 32 into which pins 34 which are located at the ends of forks 36 of a fork 38 are fitted. of decoupling which is configured as a two-armed lever and can rotate about a pivot 40 and whose other arm forms a prestressed driving arm 42 by means of a coupling spring 44. Next to the decoupling fork 38 there is provided diametrically opposite in the area of the maneuver 6, another decoupling fork 46 having the same configuration as the decoupling fork 38. In the coupling fork 46, the corresponding reference symbols are therefore omitted. The cylindrical extension 28 of the drive ring 30 has a conical internal surface 48 which acts as a slide, which cooperates with a conical support 50 of the segments 18 and 20 of the thread. The threaded element 12 has a conical toothed crown 52 meshing with a conical toothed wheel 54 which is driven by the electric motor 10 through a shaft 56 and a plane epicyclic train 58. In the coupled position shown in Figure 1, the coupling spring 44 presses the drive arm 42 to the left in the drawing, and thus the pins 34 attached to the fork 36 in the drawing to the right. When this happens, the pins 34 that fit into the annular groove 32 press the drive ring 30 in the drawing to the left, so that the conical inner surface 48 slid past the conical supports 50 of the segments 18 and 20 of the thread and pressed radially inwards to the coupling position. In the final position shown, the cylindrical internal surface of the cylindrical extension 28 completely seats on the external side of the segments 18 and 20 of the thread, so that they remain in a positive engagement in the engaged position. Figure 2 shows from the left the quick-clamping nut according to Figure 1, with parts of the box being cut out in the area of the spikes 34, so that it can be clearly seen how these spikes fit in. the annular slot 32. Figure 3 shows the quick clamping nut according to Figure 1 in the decoupled position. In this position the operator with his thumb not shown has pressed the actuating arm 42 to the right against the force of the coupling spring 44, and thereby moved the drive ring 30 to the left by means of the pins 34 which fit into annular slot 32. By this the conical inner surface 48 of the drive ring 30 leaves the path open outwards for the segments 18 and 20 of the thread, so that they move outwards by virtue of the force of the spring 26. By this the internal threads 22 and 24 of the segments 18 and 20 of the thread are in an uncoupled position, so that the whole of the clamping nut Quick can be freely pushed on an external thread on the end of a shaft of a balancing machine. By means of switches 60 and 62 of pulsation that are shown only schematically, the electric motor 10 can be connected to rotate in different directions of rotation. When using the quick clamping nut shown in Figures 1 to 3, first push a vehicle wheel to be balanced with its central centering hole on the end of a shaft of a balancing machine, and this until the centering hole hits against a centering cone that on its rear side has a pressure spring. Thereafter, the quick-clamping nut is brought into the uncoupled position by the actuation of the driving arms 42, and pushed onto the shaft end of the balancing machine until it seats against the rim. After this the drive arms 42 are discharged, so that the internal threads 22 and 24 mesh with the external thread complementarily formed at the shaft end of the balancing machine. After this, the electric motor 10 is switched on by actuating the pulsation switch 60 so as to rotate in a direction of rotation, in which through a toothed wheel 54 and a toothed crown 52 rotates the threaded element 12 in the direction of clamping and immobilization. During this time the quick-clamping nut is kept rotatably immobilized by means of the maneuvers 4 and 6. In the final position and immobilized fastening, the pulsation switch 60 is discharged, thus interrupting the electric circuit to the electric motor 10. If necessary, the operator can now hand-tighten the quick-clamping nut by hand, using maneuvers 4 and 6, in order to increase the force of the immobilization. With the vehicle wheel held in a balanced state, the electric motor 10 is switched on by the pulsation switch 62 to rotate in the opposite direction of rotation, and in this way release the quick-clamping nut to such an extent that the force exerted largely disappears. from behind on the rim by means of the pressure spring that is behind the centering cone.

After this, the segments 18 and 20 of the thread are uncoupled by the actuation of the drive arms 42, so that the entire quick-release nut can be removed from the shaft of the balancing machine and the wheel removed from the shaft. vehicle. Figure 4 shows in a radial section similar to Figure 1 another embodiment of the invention in which the elements for coupling and uncoupling the thread segments are omitted. Equal or corresponding parts are designated with the same reference symbols. In this embodiment, there is an internal thread 64 directly on a threaded element 66. This embodiment is convenient when the end of the shaft of the balancing machine protruding from the rim is not very long. In addition, in this case it is convenient to connect the electric motor as a series excitation motor that in the case of a reduced load has a high speed of rotation, and in the case of a large load has a reduced speed of rotation coupled with a high moment of rotation. Figure 5 shows a quick clamping nut according to Figure 4 in the drawing from the left. In each case, close to the maneuvers 4 and 6, pulse switches 68 and 70 are arranged, one of which serves as a connector for one of the turning directions and the other as a connector for another direction of rotation. Figure 6 shows another embodiment example similar to figure 4 in the same sectional representation. Equal or corresponding parts are designated with the same reference symbols. The difference consists in that the motor is a compressed air motor 72 which is supplied with compressed air from a pressure chamber 74 which can be filled through a valve 76. FIG. 7 is a plan view from the left on the Figure 6. It can be seen that four other pressure chambers 78 and 80 are provided next to the pressure chamber 74 in other maneuvers 82 and 84 arranged in a cross direction, in order to increase the amount of compressed air stored.

Claims (19)

2. Quick clamping nut for fastening a tire of a vehicle on the end of a shaft of a balancing machine provided with an external thread, comprising - a box at least one maneuver arranged radially in the box, and a threaded element with an internal thread disposed movably in the box characterized by the fact that the threaded element rotates in bearing in the box with respect thereto, around the screw shaft of the quick-clamping nut, and that a box is attached to the box of rotary drive whose drive side is in rotation lock with the threaded element to rotate the threaded element.
3. Quick clamping nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drive device is arranged in a maneuver.
4. Quick clamping nut according to claim 1, characterized in that an energy accumulator for the rotary drive device is provided in the box and / or in a maneuver.
5. Quick clamping nut according to claim 3, characterized in that four cross maneuvers are arranged in the box, in which the rotating drive device is arranged in one maneuver and in other maneuvers there are accumulators of energy .
6. Quick clamping nut according to claim 2, characterized in that a drive shaft of the rotary drive device is functionally connected to the threaded element through an angular transmission.
7. Quick clamping nut according to claim 5, characterized in that the angular transmission is an angular gear.
8. Quick clamping nut according to claim 6, characterized in that the maneuver is arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the quick clamping nut so that it moves away inclined from the direction of the clamping, and that The angular gear is a bevel gear.
9. Quick clamping nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded element has at least one thread segment which is prestressed radially inwardly to the engaging position by means of a coupling spring, and which are provided drive elements acting against the force of the coupling spring.
10. Quick clamping nut according to claim 8, characterized in that the thread segment 'is prestressed radially outwardly by means of a decoupling spring, the force of the decoupling spring being to such a degree weaker than the spring. of the coupling spring, that the thread segment is continuously maintained in the engagement position without actuating the drive elements.
11. Quick clamping nut according to claim 8, characterized in that the actuating elements are functionally connected to the thread segments by means of a cam mechanism.
12. Quick clamping nut according to claim 10, characterized in that the cam mechanism comprises attached to the threaded element an immobilized rotation drive ring that is provided with a conical internal surface to seat against complementary conical supports of the segments of the thread, and that the actuating elements have a decoupling fork that is configured as a lever with two arms at the ends of their forks have pins that protrude radially inward and fit into an external slot of the drive ring , and whose other arm forms an actuating arm which is prestressed against the driving direction by the coupling spring. , Quick fastening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that a switch is provided in the quick-clamping nut to connect and reverse the direction of rotation of the rotary drive device.
13. The quick-clamping nut according to claim 1, characterized in that two push switches are arranged in the quick-clamping nut, one of which connects the rotary drive device in one direction of rotation and the other switch connects to the rotary drive device in the other direction of rotation.
14. 14. Quick clamping nut according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the switch or pulsation switches are arranged on or in the box in the vicinity of a maneuver.
15. 15. Quick-fastening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drive device has an electric motor.
16. 16. Quick clamping nut according to claims 3 and 12, characterized in that the energy accumulator is a battery or an accumulator.
17. 17. Quick clamping nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drive device is formed by a compressed air motor.
18. 18. Quick clamping nut according to claims 3 and 17, characterized in that the energy accumulator is formed by a pressure chamber arranged in a maneuver.
19. 19. Quick-fastening nut according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary drive device is self-braking.