MXPA99009445A - System and procedure for molding ceramic manufactured, which tiles, tile and similar, by pressing of pol - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and method for molding ceramic products, such as tiles, tiles and the like, by pressing powders, characterized in that it comprises: a continuous molding line, which comprises a mobile plane transport, suitable to support the material (powders) to press and the material molded by pressing, a molding device by pressing that is crossed by said mobile transport plane, which assumes the function of exercising the lower closure of the device; molding device comprising: a lower body having a support surface predisposed so as to be able to support and slide said moving plane, an upper body provided with at least one predisposed active surface facing said support surface, at least one molding frame predisposed in such a way as to delimit perimetrally said at least one active surface and of resu ltar mobile with respect to said upper body so as to be able to protrude inferiorly from said at least one active surface said lower body and said upper body being movable, under command, one with respect to the other in a direction perpendicular to said support surface and said at least active, It is provided that, in the portion of said molding line placed before the molding device, said mobile transport plane acts as a support for the information and the preparation of loads or layers of powders to be pressed and, in the portion of said molding line placed in a later stage develop the function of transporting and evacuating the molded material and the dust residue that could have been generated

Description

SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR MOLDING OF CERAMIC MANUFACTURERS, WHICH TILES, TILE AND SIMILAR. THROUGH PRESSING OF DUSTS DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system and method for molding ceramic products, such as tiles, tiles and the like, by pressing powders. The current technology of the molding of ceramic tiles or tiles is based on the use of molds, introduced in presses, which are constituted, schematically, by the alveolus, within which the powders are deposited, and by at least one punch or tool which has the function of pressing the powders deposited previously in the alveolus. The alveolus, which geometrically is defined and determined according to the geometrical characteristics (format) of the tile (or tile) to be made, is obtained in the lower half-mold and, in each pressing cycle, it must be filled with the expected quantity of powder. The above is carried out by a special device, usually called a cargo drawer, which, although in the wide variety of embodiments, always has the characteristic of having to be introduced inside the open mold, and exactly between the lower half-mold, which contains the alveolus, and the upper semimolde constituted by the punch. To perform its own work the cargo drawer, therefore, must make a back and forth movement inside the open mold that requires a not insignificant time with respect to the total time of the molding cycle by pressing. This time, also, becomes particularly important when, as happens more and more frequently, devices are used in conditions of executing a double load that, as is known, is used to separate separately at least two different layers of powders placed in a on top of the other in the alveolus. The consequent prolongation of the pressing cycle time has as an immediate negative consequence a considerable reduction in the productivity of the entire system. Another negative aspect of such known embodiments is constituted by a certain constructive complication that negatively affects, especially in the multiple load, on the general operation of the whole system. All the above has a series of links to all the productive technology of the tiles (or tiles) that practically imposes the obligation to execute some operations, mainly decoration on the support already previously formed in the press. Obligation that also introduces problems sometimes not easy solution and that, in any case, requires the preparation of elaboration lines of tiles (or tiles) molded after pressing. For example, the preparation of lines for depositing on a perfectly formed support dry powder or granular enamels whose adhesion to the support is stably carried out in the cooking stage immediately after that of the simple deposition of the same powder enamel is known. On the other hand it is known that the current technology of decoration of ceramic tiles (or tiles) is based mainly on the application of liquid enamels on a clay support or similar, formed in advance and conveniently dried. In this case, for the production of single-fired or porcelain stoneware, the complete production cycle provides for the following succession of processing steps: - preparation of raw materials; - pressing molding; - drying; - enamelling (with water lubrication); - cooking; -choice; - storage. The known technique just described requires the example of a dryer (which returns to the same support sufficiently consistent to be manipulated and decorated on the enameling lines) with consequent considerable energy waste, and the adoption of adequate lines of enameling, among other things , they occupy a space consistent in the general development of the whole system. These points just stated are shown as insurmountable limits of the known technique. The main objective of the present invention is to overcome such limits of the known technique by creating a new system for the production of decorated ceramic tiles (or tiles) in which it is possible to make elaborate and complex decorations without having to resort to further elaborations to the molding and, therefore, to the use of lines and special equipment. Another objective of the present invention is that of substantially simplifying the entire operation of molding the tiles (or tiles) completely independent of all the problems that, in current technology, are connected to the load of the mold. An advantage of the invention consists in the possibility of taking full advantage of the productive potential of the molding presses. Another advantage of the present invention is to realize important energy savings with respect to traditional cycles. An additional advantage is that which results from having production lines (particularly tiles or ceramic tiles) significantly shorter, therefore less bulky, compared to traditional. Another additional advantage can be found in a general simplification of the entire production process that makes automatic control easier. To all these advantages undoubtedly must be added the fact that the whole new production process allows, with respect to the known technique, a consistent progress from the ecological point of view because, in fact, it does not present the production of enamelling sludge.

These objectives and advantages and still others are achieved in their entirety through the invention in object according to the same is characterized by the claims indicated below. Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become even more apparent from the detailed description that follows of an embodiment of the invention in object, illustrated by way of example but not limiting in the attached figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic sight in the plant from above; Figure 2 shows a schematic section executed according to the sketch plane ll of figure 1. With reference to the figures mentioned, with 1 has been indicated in its entirety a molding device by pressing which organically is introduced in a continuous line of molding whose frame is substantially constituted by a mobile plane of transport, suitable to support both the material (powders) to be pressed and the material molded by pressing. In particular, in the portion of said molding line placed before the molding device (1), said mobile transport plane acts as a continuous support for the formation and preparation of loads or layers of powders to be pressed while, in the portion of said molding line placed in a later stage, it develops the function of transporting to evacuate the material formed and the eventual residue of unpressured powders.

More specifically said movable transport plane is constituted by a branch (11) of a ring-shaped continuous belt (10) and tensioned between two drums (12) with parallel axes. In the portion of the molding line placed before the molding device (1), in correspondence of which the branch (11) is horizontal, numerous charging preparation stations are sequentially arranged in succession. A first station (13) has the function of depositing on the branch (11) a substantially uniform layer (5) of base material (powder). Some stations use, for the distribution of powders according to predefined drawings, perforated rollers (14) that roll on the layer of powders totally deposited by the previous stations in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11). According to another embodiment, the decorations could be executed by rollers and by flat or curved perforated tapes. Other stations can be constituted by dry decorating machines (15) able to distribute colored powders, according to pre-established drawings on the powder layer fully deposited by the previous stations on the branch (11) operating in synchronism with the translation movements from the same branch (11). The upper surface of the branch (11) can be smooth or sculpted in a different way, generally with a uniformly distributed pattern. Such sculpted mainly has the purpose of generating, after the model by pressing the so-called "brand" of the tile. In other embodiments, the invention as an alternative or as an addition to the described decoration systems could be used machines decorated by rotating matrix (or cylinder), which could also be used to execute decorations directly on the branch (11) of the tape (10) (which preferably should be made of steel). In such case the powder would later be deposited on the enameled ribbon and the pressing would be executed with the decorated face oriented downwards. Obviously this would involve the need to overturn the molded tiles as they come to leave the branch (11) of the tape (10). In the portion that is after the molding line, in correspondence of the zone in which the belt (10) starts to wrap itself on the drum (12), the mobile plane constituted by the branch (11) follows it by a series of rollers (6), whose task is to continue the transport of the molded material - in this case of the raw tiles - to send it to the subsequent stages of processing. The material not subjected to molding and, therefore still in the original state of incoherent dust falls, dragged by the belt (10) in an underlying collector (7) by which it is then recovered. The molding device by pressing (1) is literally crossed by the branch (11) of said mobile transport plane, which also assumes the function of exerting the lower closure of the device (1).

In fact, the molding device (1) comprises, supported on a frame (5), a lower body (2) which has a support surface (20), smooth, predisposed so that on it can be supported and slide the branch (11). The same frame (5) is supporting an upper body (3) provided with at least one active surface (30) - in the case in question the active surfaces are three - which is predisposed facing said support surface (20). A molding frame (4) is arranged so as to limit peripherally the active surfaces (30) and to be mobile with respect to the upper body (3) so as to be able to protrude in the lower part of the active surfaces (30). The lower body (2) is movable, under control, with respect to the upper body (3) according to a direction perpendicular to the support surface (20) and to the active surfaces (30) so as to press, with the desired force, the complete layer of powders housed on the branch portion (11) that is above the support surface (20), against the active surfaces (30). The pressing action, which occurs with the tape (10) stopped in exact concomitance with some of the operations that are executed in the several stations that are in the portion of molding line placed before the molding device (1), it produces in a first time the penetration of the edges of the frame (4) in the powder layer and, subsequently, the pressing of the portions thus isolated against the respective active surfaces (30). The elevation of the frame (4) and the subsequent descent to the original position of the beginning of the body (2) releases the molded material (tiles or tiles) leaving it on the branch (11) in which it never separated. This reveals the fact that the upper surface of the branch (11), on which the material is housed, closes in the lower part the cavity of the mold used for molding, the cavity laterally delimited by the internal lateral surfaces. of the frame (4) and, superiorly, by the active surfaces (30). Obviously the tape (10) has an intermittent movement composed of pauses and intervals of rapid and measured advances. In perfect synchronism with the movement of the branch (11) of the belt (10) the device (1) and the preparation stations of the loads placed in the portion of the molding line located before the device are instructed to execute the corresponding operations. (1). The special structure and configuration of the system, which sees strictly correlated and interconnected to the molding device (1) the branch (11) of the tape (10) passing through the molding device and, resting on the supporting surface (20) function of constituting the lower closure of the same device, it allows to take manufactured goods, in particular tiles and tiles, at least theoretically without limits of dimensions in the longitudinal direction; such limits being constituted materially by the longitudinal extension of the support plane (20). In practice this allows to form, with a single press cycle, a number of tiles (or tiles) much larger than the one that can be obtained, with the same format, with the most powerful presses and with the largest molds that today are in circulation. The described system acts a process for the molding of ceramic products, which tiles, tiles and the like, by pressing powders, which comprises with the following order of stages: - formation of loads or layers of powders on a mobile plane of transport constituted by a branch (11) of a continuous belt (10), made, in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), by at least one station for preparing the loads; - molding by pressing the loads, performing, in succession and in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), in a molding device by pressing, which interacts with said branch (11) operating directly on the charges predisposed on the same; - transport and evacuation of the molded material and any dust residue present on the branch (11) after the molding carried out, in succession and in synchronism with the translation movements of the branch (11), by effect of the same movements; - separation of the molded material from the dust residue that may have been generated.

In particular, such a method is characterized in that the formation of charges or layers of powders on the branch (11) is carried out, in synchronism with the translation movements of the branch (11), by a plurality of preparation stations of the branches (11). loads, which operate in succession each one of which is apt to operate, in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), the deposition of a charge or elemental layer of powders on the layer of powders fully deposited by the station for the previous seasons. The formation of charges or layers of powders on the branch (11) of the continuous belt (10), which occurs in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), provides in a simpler form of action, the formation on the same branch (11) of a continuous and uniform layer of powders.

Claims (8)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - System for molding ceramic goods such as tiles, tiles and the like, by pressing powders, characterized in that it comprises: - a continuous molding line, which comprises a mobile transport plane, suitable for supporting the molded material pressing; - a molding device by pressing (1) which is crossed by said mobile transport plane, which also assumes the function of exerting the lower closure of the device (1); said molding device (1) comprising: a lower body (2) having a support surface (20) predisposed so that it can support and slide said moving plane; an upper body (3) provided with at least one active surface (30) predisposed opposite said support surface (20); at least one molding frame (4) predisposed so as to delimit said at least one active surface (30) and to be mobile with respect to said upper body (3) so as to be able to protrude inferiorly from said at least one active surface (30); said lower body (2) and said upper body (3) being movable, under control, with respect to each other in a direction perpendicular to said support surface (20) and to said at least one active surface (30); it being provided that, in the portion of said molding line placed before the molding device (1), said mobile transport plane acts as a support for the formation and preparation of loads or layers of powders to be pressed and, in the portion from said molding line placed at a later stage, develop the function of transporting and evacuating the molded material and the powder residue that could have been generated.

2. System according to claim 1, characterized by the fact of said movable plane is constituted by a branch (11) of a continuous (10) closed type of ring and tensioned between two drums (12) with parallel axes.

3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that, along the portion of molding line placed before the molding device (1), corresponding to which said branch (11) is horizontal, is predisposed at least one loading preparation station.

4. System according to claim 3, characterized in that numerous charging preparation stations are arranged consecutively in succession along the molding line portion placed before the molding device (1). of which it uses, for the distribution of powders according to established drawings, a pre-drilled roller (14) that rolls on the layer of powders (5) totally deposited by the previous stations in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11). ).

5. System according to claim 3, characterized in that, along the portion of the molding line placed before the molding device (1), several charging preparation stations are consecutively arranged in succession at least one of the which is constituted by a dry screen machine (15) able to distribute powders according to pre-established drawings on the powder layer totally deposited by the previous stations on the branch (11). operating in synchronism with the translation movements of the same branch (11).

6. Process for the molding of ceramic products, which tiles, tiles and the like by pressing powders, characterized by the fact of understanding in the following order the stages of: - formation of loads or layers of powder on a mobile plane of transport constituted by a branch (11) of a continuous band (10), made, in synchronism with the translation movements of the branch (11), by at least one charging preparation station; - molding by pressing the loads carried out, in succession and in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), in a molding device by pressing, which interacts with said branch (11) operating directly on the loads predisposed on the same; - transport and evacuation of the molded material and any powder residue present on said branch (11) after the molding carried out, in succession and in synchronism with the translation movements of the branch (11), by effect of the same movements; - separation of the material formed to the dust residue that could have been generated.

7. - Method according to claim 6, characterized in that said formation of charges or layers of powders on a mobile transport plane constituted by a branch (11) of a continuous tape (10), is performed in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), by a plurality of translation of the branch (11), by a plurality of stations of the loads, operating in succession, each of which is suitable for operation, in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), the deposition of a charge or elemental layer of powders on the powder layer fully deposited by the station or by the previous stations.

8. Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said formation of charges or layers of powders on a mobile transport plane constituted by the branch (11) of a continuous tape (10), performed in synchronism with the movements of translation of the branch (11), provides the information on the same branch (11) of a continuous and uniform layer of powders. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a system and method for molding ceramic products, such as tiles, tiles and the like, by pressing powders, characterized in that it comprises: a continuous molding line, which comprises a plane of mobile transport, suitable to support the material (powder) to be pressed and the material molded by pressing; - a molding device by pressing that is crossed by said mobile transport plane, which assumes the function d exert the lower closure of the device; said molding device comprising: a lower body having a support surface predisposed so as to be able to support and slide said moving plane; an upper body provided with at least one predisposed active surface facing said support surface; at least one molding frame predisposed so as to delimit said at least one active surface and to be mobile with respect to said upper body so as to be able to protrude above said at least one active surface said lower body and said upper body being mobile, under command, one with respect to the other according to a direction perpendicular to said support surface and said at least active; It is provided that, in the portion of said molding line placed before the molding device, said mobile transport plane acts as a support for the information and the preparation of loads or layers of powders to be pressed and, in the portion of said line of molding placed at a later stage, develop the function of transporting and evacuating the molded material and the powder residue that could have been generated. BUGNION / mpm * P99 / 1358