MXPA99002371A - Control channel for nonterrestrial cellular mobile telecommunication station - Google Patents

Abstract

The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication system extends the usage of existing cellular mobile telecommunication radio frequencies allocated for ground-based communications to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations by adding an overlay of non-terrestrial cells of predetermined geometry and locus in space to the existing ground-based cellular cell site network. The polarization of the signals produced by the non-terrestrial antenna elements is a polarization that is different than and preferably substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the cellular radio signals produced by the ground-based antennas, such as a horizontal polarization, to thereby minimize the possibility of interference with the vertically polarized ground-based radio signals. Furthermore, the control signals exchanged between the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations and the non-terrestrial cell site controller are architected to avoid the possibility of interference with ground-based cell site transmitter-receiver pairs. In particular, the control channels used for the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations are selected such that the control signals transmitted in these channels are unrecognizable to the ground-based mobile subscriber stations and cell site transmitter-receiver pairs, so that even if broadcasts from a non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station reach a ground-based mobile subscriber station or cell site receiver, they cannot be interpreted and are rejected out of hand.

Description

CONTROL CHANNEL FOR MOBILE CELLULAR NON-TERRESTRIAL TELECOMMUNICATION STATION The present invention relates to cellular communications and, in particular, to a cellular mobile telecommunications arrangement that provides service to both terrestrial mobile (land-based) subscriber stations and non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations using the same cellular channels. cellular telecommunications for both classes of users. PROBLEM A problem in the field of cellular mobile telecommunications services is to provide customers with high quality communications services through a wireless communications medium. Existing cellular mobile telecommunication arrangements serve terrestrial mobile subscriber stations (referred to herein as field-based), but this service is not currently extendible to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations due to problems of signal interference between land-based mobile subscriber stations and non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. The regulatory authorities responsible for telecommunications therefore do not currently allow the provision of such a service. The mobile cellular telecommunications arrangements provide the connection service of mobile telecommunications customers, each of which has a mobile subscriber station, to both land-based clients that are served by the public public telephone network and also to others. mobile telecommunications customers. In such arrangements, all incoming and outgoing calls are routed through mobile telecommunication exchanges (MTSO), each of which is connected to a plurality of cell sites (base stations) communicating with - - mobile subscriber stations located in the area covered by the cell sites. The mobile subscriber stations are served by the cell sites, each of which is located in a cell area of a larger service area. Each cell site in the service area is connected by a group of communications links to the mobile telecommunications exchange.

Each cell site contains a group of radio transmitters and receivers, each transmitter-receiver pair being connected to a communication link. Each transmitter-receiver pair operates on a pair of radio frequencies: one frequency for transmitting radio signals to the mobile subscriber station and the other frequency for receiving radio signals from the mobile subscriber station. The first stage of a cellular communications connection is prepared when a transmitter-receiver pair in a cell site, which operates on a predetermined pair of radio frequencies, is activated and a mobile subscriber station, located at the cell site, is tuned to the same pair of radio frequencies. The second stage of the communication connection is between the communication link connected to this transmitter-receiver pair and the common public telephone network. This second stage of the communications connection is prepared in the mobile telecommunications exchange, which is connected to the common public telephone network by means of incoming and outgoing trunk lines. The mobile telecommunications exchange contains a switching network for switching voice and / or mobile client data from the communication link to an incoming or outgoing trunk line. The mobile telecommunications arrangement is controlled by a mobile telecommunications controller in the mobile telecommunications exchange and a controller in the cell site in each cell site associated with the mobile telecommunications exchange. A plurality of data links connect the mobile telecommunications controller and the controllers of the associated cell sites. The mobile telecommunications controller operates under complex software control and controls the switching network. The mobile telecommunications controller also controls the actions of associated cell site controls by generating and interpreting the control messages that are exchanged with the associated cell site controllers by the data links. The cell site controllers in each cell site, response to the control message from the telecommunications controller controls the transmitter-receiver pairs at the cell site. The control procedures in each cell site also control tuning of the mobile subscriber stations to the selected radiofrequences. Each cell in the cellular mobile telecommunications network based on terrain comprises a predetermined volume of space radially disposed around the transmitting antenna of the cell site, approaching the space zone approximately to a cylindrical volume having height limits As all mobile subscriber stations are installed with ground-based units (such as automotive vehicles) traditional cellular mobile telecommunications arrangements, antenna radiation configuration of the cell site is aligned so that it is close to the ground and the polarization of the signals produced by the site the cell is vertical in nature. To prevent radio signals in a cell si from interfering with radio signals at an adjacent cell site, the transmitter frequencies for adjacent cell sites are selected p to be different so that there is sufficient frequency separation at adjacent transmitting frequencies to avoid transmission overlap between adjacent cell sites. In order to reuse the same frequencies, the cellular telecommunications industry has developed a small but finite amount of these transmitter frequencies and a cell site assignment configuration which ensure that two adjacent cell sites do not function on the same frequency. When a land-based mobile subscriber station initiates a call connection, the control signals from the local cell site transmitter make the agile transponder frequency at the ground-based mobile subscriber station run at operating frequency designated for particular cell exercise. As the mobile subscriber station based on the ground moves from one cell site to another, the call connection is transferred to the successive cell sites and the transponder and frequency in the mobile base station based on the terrain adjusts its operating frequency to correspond to the operating frequency of the on-site dial-up transmitter of the cell in which the mobile subscriber station based on the terr is presently operational. This existing mobile cellular telecommunication arrangement is currently in wide use and has been designed to eliminate the problem overlapping frequencies between adjacent cell sites and to minimize the number of frequencies that are required to serve vast areas without the possibility of overlapping frequencies. These existing mobile cellular telecommunication arrangements, however, are inoperative when the user's mobile subscriber station is of a non-terrestrial nature. In particular, the provision of mobile telecommunications services by cellular aircrafts is inconsistent with the architecture of the cellular mobile telecommunication network with base in the existing terrain since the ant configuration of the cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement based on the existing terr emits a signal in a configuration close to the terrain and frequency assignment configuration for the cell site configuration is not extendable to aircraft . In particular, an ant configuration that would be capable of serving a fast-moving aircraft could cover a sufficient volume of space to minimize the amount of station transfers as the aircraft traverses one cell site after another. For the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station to have a cell site of adequate size, that cell site should encompass a number of cell sites based on the existing terrain. Therefore, existing frequency reuse configurations would be altered at present there is no frequency assigned or available for assignment for purpose. If additional frequencies were assigned for non-terrestrial cellular telecommunication arrangements, all existing cellular telecommunications equipment would have to be redesigned to be able to operate with these new frequencies and still be compatible with the existing configuration of cellular telecommunications services. Thus, the existing cellular mobile telecommunication network unable to be simply expandable to provide service to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations and the architecture of choice installed in all terrestrial cellular mobile telecommunications arrangements are fundamentally inoperable as is for use with non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. Thus, the existing network of mobile cellular communications is by its very nature simply a base disposition in the two-dimensional terrain with the inability to be further expandable of that limited definition. With this limitation, cellular mobile telecommunications services are totally unavailable aircraft and aircraft must use a separate communication arrangement that works independently of the existing cellular telecommunication network and that requires its own configuration of transcending antennas and radio and software equipment. singular control. SOLUTION The problems described above are solved in a technical advance achieved in the field by the multidimensional mobile telecommunication arrangement of the present invention. The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement extends the use of existing cellular mobile telecommunication frequencies allocated for field-based cellular communications to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations in a manner that avoids the possibility of signal interference between mobile subscriber stations with a base in the ground and mobile non-terrestrial subscriber stations. In particular, the multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement expands the two-dimensional adjacent cell configuration of the cellular telecommunications network with b in the current terrain by adding a terrestrial cell overlay (coverage areas) of predetermined volume, each of which cells non-terrestrial can be superimposed with numerous cells with ground base and whose very terrestrial cells are of three-dimensional nature. C non-terrestrial cell in this overlay configuration is of a predetermined geometric geometry in space and is preferably adjacent other non-terrestrial cells so that a plurality of adjacent non-terrestrial cells totally occupy a large volume of space in the z immediately adjacent to the cellular network based on the terrain superimposed on it. In this way, the superposition of terrestrial cells splices with the existing ground-based cells for a multidimensional cellular telecommunications network without discontinuities. a number of enhancement features of this arrangement that cooperatively operate to allow non-terrestrial cells and mobile non-terrestrial subscriber stations to work in conjunction with the base cells in the terrain and the mobile subscriber stations based on the ter to provide superior communication performance characteristics. All these features work to reduce the possibility of interference between the non-terrestrial elements and the ground-based elements in the resulting multidimensional network and the combination of features that are used to implement an arrangement is a fun of the communication / control terminology. that is used for radial communication, the topography of the land, communications traffic, the cost of implementation of the provision, and the like. Thus, a multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunications arrangement can be implemented using only a subset of the implementation features described in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The existing mobile telecommunications center is divisible by software to divide the physical area covered by the cells into two or segments, one of whose segments can optionally occupy the same volume of space as other segments. The multidimensional cel telecommunication network of the present invention takes advantage of the division capacity of these arrangements to create a virtual cellular network that coexists with the existing cellular and can integrate: multiple cellular dispositions of existing ground base, different equipment, different suppliers, different radiofrequencies, and even different technologies (digital / analog; TDMA / CD AMPS / narrow band AMPS, FM / AM / PSK). The multidimensional cel telecommunications network has no discontinuities and is superimposed over the cellular telecommunications network based on the existing terrain. In this arrangement the transmitting / receiving antenna facilities of the cell site with b in the existing terrain can be used for non-terrestrial mobile stations by adding antenna elements and creating an antenna configuration that is insensitive to the reception of signals originating in the terrain or reflected in the terrain and whose ant configuration is transmitting only in one direction towards the sky. In addition, the polarization signals produced by the non-terrestrial antenna elements is polarization that is different from the polarization of cellulose-based radio signals in the ground and preferably substantially orthogonal to di polarization, such as a horizontal polarization, for this mode minimizes the possibility of interference with vertically polarized ground-based cellular radio signals. Also, the control signal exchanged between non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations and the non-terrestrial cell site controller are architected to avoid the possibility of interference with transmitter-receiver pairs of the terrain-based cell site. In particular, the control signals that are used for the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations are selected so that the control signals transmitted on these channels are unrecognizable for the mobile subscriber stations based on the ground and the transmitter-receiver pairs. field-based cell so that even if emissions from a non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station reach a mobile subscriber station or cell site transmitter / receiver pair based on the terr they can not be interpreted and rejected out of control. Optionally, the non-terrestrial arrangement can switch link frequencies up link down so that they are opposite to that of the mobile base subscriber station configuration in the field. In this way, non-terrestrial cells can be created in the area of the adjacent space and superimposed on the cells based on the existing terrain and the frequency of cello communication. existing allocations for cellular communications based on the ter can be reused for non-terrestrial cellular telecommunications if possibility of interaction between the mobile telecommunication arrangement cel based on the existing terrain and the terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. Also, the frequencies of transmission and reception of non-terrestrial communications may be displaced from the base frequency in the terrain. The non-terrestrial cells can be commanded in a way that is analogous, but separate, from the command of the cells with b in the terrain so that the transferences from one non-terrestrial cell to another are commanded independently of but in a simifar control manner used. for cells based in the field. In this way, by reusing the cellular radiofrequencies currently assigns and the control philosophies of the cellular mobile telecommunication provisions based on the current terrain, the redesign of existing equipment is minimized and the need to have new devices is reduced to a minimum. For the mobile telecommunication exchange, the non-terrestrial cells all function in harmony with the existing cell sites without discernible difference between cells or stations, are of a nature based on the non-terrestrial terre. In this way, the existing two-dimensional cellular telecommunication network is expandable by using these novel apparatus methods to create a multidimensional cellular telecommunication arrangement that utilizes the current cellular radiofrequencies assigned and the services currently provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 illustrates a cellular base telecommunications arrangement based on the typical terrain according to the prior art that includes plurality of mobile telephone exchanges; Figure 2 illustrates in block diagrammatic view, the general architecture of the multidimensional cellular telecommunications network of the present invention. Figures 3 to 5 illustrate perspective views of a multi-cell cellular non-terrestrial mobile telecommunication arrangement as well as relative geographic arrangement of the typical non-terrestrial terrain and cell-based cells. Figure 6 illustrates a diagram of a frequency reuse configuration of typical non-terrestrial cells. Figure 7 illustrates a non-terrestrial cell sectorized with a substantially cylindrical antenna configuration. Figure 8 illustrates a non-terrestrial sectorized cell with a substantially toroidal antenna configuration that includes a cylindrical suede configuration nested within the toroid aperture. Figure 9 illustrates a typical antenna mounting arrangement. Figure 10 illustrates the tuning of frequencies of a typical cell; and Figure 11 illustrates the signal paths that are in the multipath interference situation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement present invention extends the use of existing cellular mobile telecommunication radio frequencies allocated for land based communications to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations in a manner that avoids the possibility of signal interference between subscriber stations. with b on the ground and non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. In particular, multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunications provision adds superposition of non-terrestrial cells of predetermined geometry and lu - geometric in space to the cellular mobile telecommunications network with b in the existing terrain. The polarization of the cellular radio signals produced by the non-terrestrial antenna elements is a polarization that is preferably substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the cell-based signals produced by the ground-based antennas, such as horizontal polarization, for in this way minimize the possibility of interference in cellular radio signals with ground base polarized vertically nominally. Likewise, the signals exchanged between non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations and the non-terrestrial cell site controller are architected to avoid the possibility of interference with field-based transmitter-receiver pairs of the cell site. In particular, the control channels used for non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations are selected so that the signals transmitted with these channels are unrecognizable to mobile subscriber stations based on terrain and the transmitter / receiver pairs site of the cell , so that even if emissions from a non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station reach a mobile subscriber station based on the ground or a receiver at the cell site, they can not be interpreted and are rejected out of control. Architecture of a Mobile Cellular Telecommunications Provision Figure 1 illustrates a typical cellular base cellular telecommunication arrangement according to the prior art, which includes plurality of mobile telephone exchanges (MTSO) 102, 103, each of which is connected through communications facilities 1121-11 1131-1133 to a plurality of transmitter-receiver pairs 121-124, 131- (also referred to as base stations in the present description of the cell site.) The terms "cell site" and "cell" are sometimes used. indefinitely in the literature, and the term "cell site" in general the locus in which the transmitting and receiving apparatus located, while the term "cell" indicates in general the area of esp that is served by a particular transmitter-receiver pair that is installed in the cell site, the particular technology used to increase communications between subscriber stations and the transmitter / receiver pairs, as well as the nature of the data transferred between them, whether voice, video , telemetry, computer data, similar are not limitations to the disposition that is described in the prescriptive memory, since a new disposition concept is revealed, a specific incrementation technologically limited of an existing disposition project. Therefore, the term "cellular" as used in the present specification indicates a communication arrangement works based on dividing the space into a plurality of volumetric sections or cells, and commanding communications between subscriber stations located cells and pairs transmitters-receivers located in the cell site each of these cells. For illustrative purposes, in Figure 1 two mobile subscriber stations A, B are shown which are located within cells 106, respectively. A plurality of the cells 106 are interconnected a designated mobile telephone exchange 102, which serves to interconnect the transmitter-receiver pairs 121-124 in the various cells 1906 served by the mobile telecommunications center 102 with the public telephone to access other exchanges. telecommunications as well as conventional telephone sets. The cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement also has a roving verifier arrangement 101 that is interconnected with the mobile telecommunication stations 102, 103 via data link 104, 105, respectively. Wandering verification arrangement 101 checks to authenticate the identity of mobile subscriber stations A, B and authorize the provision of cellular telecommunications services to these subscribers. The scope of a particular cel service is determined by the geographic location of the cells. In addition mobile cellular telecommunications provisions are not connected on a nationwide basis. In contrast, the industry comprises many different geographic zones that serve a specific base (source) of subscriber. For example, in Figure 1, the bold line CC indicates a boundary between cellular zones, with the mobile telecommunications center 102 being located a first of these zones and the mobile telecommunications center being located in a second adjacent zone. When cellular subscribers d geographical area of origin, they become wanderers "when a subscriber makes a cellular telephone call from his subscriber station, the mobile telephone service provider has no way to determine whether the errant is a valid subscriber or not, since this information is located in the originating disposition of the errant, the purpose of the errant verification disposition, as illustrated in figure 1, consists of obtaining the central information of origin, and modifying the mobile telecommunication central remot state The cellular radio telecommunications service presented in the United States of America, for example, is primarily designed for automotive and other land-based mobile subscriber stations. The arrangement currently in use uses a plurality of radio frequency channels in the ultra high frequency (UHF) band.A channel in disposition comprises a pair of frequencies UHF in the designated band. - frequency in the channel is called the forward carrier p is used transmissions from the base station to the subscriber station m while the other frequency in the pair is called "inverse" carrier, and used for transmissions from the mobile subscriber station to the base station. Current technologies in use include analog frequency modulation (FM) as a method to transmit the signal with a spacing of 30 kHz frequency channels. There are also digital transmission capabilities some arrangements, in which a plurality of signals are multiplexed same carrier, with the spacing of 30 kHz between adjacent bands. total of 832 such channels are available for cellular telephone use, and it's channels are located between the frequencies of 824 MHz to 849 MHz, and 869 to 894 MHz. The transmitter has 832 communication channels, 790 channels voice / data communications and 42 control channels. This set of channels divided into two subsets, each of which consists of 21 control channels and 395 associated voice / data channels. A first set of channels typically referred to as the "A" side of the band and the remaining channel set is typically referred to as the "B" of the band. The 416 channels of r in each set of channels are divided into 21 control channels and voice / data communication channels. The 395 voice / data communications channels are subdivided into seven groups of approximately 56 canals when used with a channel reuse plan of 7 cells called plan K = 7. Multidimensional Cellular System Control Channels In this existing regulated communications environment, a particular problem is encountered when attempting to use cellulose mobile telephone equipment from a non-terrestrial location, such as an aircraft. The elevated position of the mobile cellular telephone station when located in aircraft causes the signal to be broadcasted over a wide range of the super ground, where it is received by many cell-based transmitter-receiver pairs. In addition, the signal strength in plurality of these base site cell site transmitter-receiver pairs can be substantially equal, making the determination of the base station controller a difficult choice. In this way, mobile cellular subscriber stations are prohibited from transmitting aircraft. The cellular telephone network requires a minimum noise ratio to allow communications to be of acceptable quality. The presently referred separation between the signal power level and the background power or noise level is typically about 6 dB for non-terrestrial subscriber station and 18 dB for the c-site receiver for interference-free communications. In this way, the non-terrestrial cellular communications portion of the multi-dimensional array d provides adequate signal strength for the proper selection of location of antenna elements within the restrictions of available signal power. In addition, interference between mobile subscriber stations with ground base and non-terrestrial subscribers must be obviated by the characteristics of signals as well as the philosophy of communication control. The communication control philosophy portion of this single solution comprises a manipulation of the control channels so that a control signal originating from a non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station can cause a cell site receptor based in the receiving terrain of the mobile subscriber station based on the ground receives and interp these control signals. The reception of signals in the assigned frequency spectrum is beyond the practical control of the arrangement, so that - designation of practical control channels of the arrangement, so that designation of control channels within the plurality of available channels represents the method of bifurcating the volume of space into two separate zones based on the ground and not terrestrial. As shown in Figure 10The dedicated control channels for use by the non-terrestrial subscriber stations are those which are designated as voice data communications channels for the land-based mobile subscriber stations. In this way, each ground-based cell site transceiver communicates with the ground-based mobile subscriber stations in its cell in predetermined control channels, whose control channels are ignored by non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. , since these channels s voice / data communication channels for non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations. Similarly, each transmitter-receiver pair in the non-terrestrial cell site communicates with the non-terrestr mobile subscriber stations existing in its cell by predetermined control channels, whose control channels are ignored by mobile subscriber stations based on the terrestrial since these channels are voice / data communication channels for land-based mobile subscriber stations. Thus, tuning of control channels in non-terrestrial cells represents paradigm shift with respect to cells based on the adjacent terre. This philosophy can be implemented in a low-cost way that the large installed base of land-based mobile subscriber stations and the transmitter-receiver pairs in the field-based cell site inherently reject control signals transmitted by the voice communication channel / data. It is only the newly constructed non-terrestrial subscriber stations and their associated cell site transmitter-receiver pairs that must be modified to reassign control channel. This implementation is relatively low cost. An alternative implementation of the communication control philosophy comprises assigning a subset of the available channels exclusively to non-terrestrial cellular communications, being a subset of dedicated channels divided into control channels and communication channels as with the existing channel allocation model. However, the dedication of even a small number of channels can be problematic, since these channels are eliminated from all cells with ba in the field and can have significant impact on the traffic handling capacity. In addition, such a solution requires the modification of all existing equipments.

Frequency Reuse Configuration Mobile cellular telecommunications arrangements provide a plurality of concurrently active communications in the same service area, exceeding the number of active communication connections amount of available radio channels. This is achieved by reusing the channels through the provision of multiple base stations in the service area that is served by a single mobile telecommunications exchange. The total service area of a mobile telecommunications exchange is divided into a plurality of "cells", each of which includes a base station a radio transmitting tower associated as shown in Figure 1. Radio of the cell is basically the distance from the tower of the base station to the furthest locus in which a good reflection can be made between the mobile subscriber station and the base station. The entire service area of a mobile telecommunications exchange is therefore covered by a plurality of adjacent cells. There is a standard cell configuration in the industry in which typically seven sets of channels are reused. Within a particular cell, the six surrounding cells are grouped in a circle around the first cell and the channels used these six cells differ from the channels used in the particular cell and each of the other six surrounding cells. In this way, the signals emanating from the radio transmission tower in the particular cell does not interfere with the signals emanating from the radio transmission towers located each of the six surrounding cells because they are at different frequencies. In addition, the next closest cell that uses the transmission frequency of the particular cell is sufficiently risky of the cell so that there is a significant power disparity thereby signaling sufficient rejection of signals at the receivers to ensure interference from the cell. signs The shape of the cells is determined by the surrounding terrain and is typically not circular, but warped irregularities in the terrain, the effect of buildings and vegetation, and ot signal attenuators in the area of the cell. Thus, the cell configuration of Figure 1 is simply of a conceptual nature and does not reflect the actual physical range in the various cells, since the implemented cells are not hexagonal in configuration and do not have edges delimited with precision. The control channels that are available in this arrangement used to prepare the communication connections between the mobile subscriber stations and the base station. When a call is initiated, the control channel is used to communicate between the subscriber station m intervening in the call and the local server base station. The control messages locate and identify the mobile subscriber station, determine the dial number, and identify a voice / data communication channel available that consists of a radio frequency pair that are selected by the base station for the communications connection. The radio unit in the mobile subscriber station is tuned to the transmitter-receiver equipment contained therein to use this designated radio frequency. Once the communication connection is established, the control messages are typically transmitted to adjust transmitting power and / or change the transmission frequency when referring to transfer this mobile subscriber station an adjacent cell, when the subscriber moves from the cell in which is one of the contiguous cells. The transmitting power of the mobile subscriber station is regulated since the magnitude of the signal received in the ba station is a function of the transmitting power and the distance from the base station. Therefore, by adjusting the transmitting power so that it corresponds to distance from the base station, the magnitude of the received signal can be maintained within a predetermined range of values to ensure accurate signal reception without interfering with other transmissions in the cell.

When a mobile station approaches the limit of a cell, the radio signal received at the base station is at a minimum level. As the mobile unit is at the cell boundary, the signal power from the transmitter located in the adjacent cell is equal to or greater than the original cell and the handover procedure is initiated. First, the cell base station initiates a mobile unit location procedure in the six contiguous cells. This is achieved either by activation or continuous operation of the location receiver in each of the six contiguous cells that tune the radio frequency and channel in which the mobile subscriber station is transmitting. The measured signal strength of this signal, as each of the adjacent cells is received, is compared and the strongest signal indicative of the cell that will receive the handover. If there is a channel available in that cell, a message is sent to the mobile subscriber station by the control channel to re-tune its transmitter to the available voice channel identified at the transmission frequency of the selected cell. Simultaneously, the voice connection One cell is switched on the base stations to the next by means of the mobile telecommunications center to provide uninterrupted service.

Multidimensional Cellular Mobile Telecommunications Network The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunications network of the present invention is illustrated in the form of a block diagram in Figure 2. This diagram illustrates the basic concepts of the multidimensional mobile telecommunications network and, for reasons of simplicity for illustration, do not buy all the elements that are in a typical network. The fundamental elements that are disclosed in Figure 2 provide an indication of the interrelation of various elements that are used to implement a multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunications. The cellular telecommunications network based on the basic terrain of the prior art is incorporated within this provision to allow non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations to be integrated into the existing service structure. In particular, the mobile telecommunication center 200 serves to interconnect a plurality of terrain-based cells 201, 202, 203 with the public telephone network, as indicated above. Field-based stations 201, 202, 203 each include a transmitter-receiver 201 TR, 202TR, 203TR and an antenna complex, typically comprising a tower M1, M2, M3 to which one or more elements of the antenna are attached. antenna A1, A2, A3 respectively.

The cellular mobile telecommunication arrangements currently used both directional antenna element and directional antenna elements to implement the characteristic configuration of desired ante. The term "directional antenna", as used in the descriptive specification, does not imply that a signal is transmitted or received from a particular address, but rather that the antenna has an isotropic radiation configuration. A directional antenna, or a plurality of directional antennas, is preferably used in the cellular base station c base in the ground to increase signal preparation. The antenna structure that is used in mobile cellular telecommunications with ground basis is such that the signals emanating from the antenna elements transmitting the cell site of the antennas A1, A2, A3, propagate in a substantially radial direction from the antenna in all directions, the upper part of the antenna configuration is substantially coplanar with the surface of the leg and at a level corresponding to the elevation of the transmitter antennas above the surface of the earth. The receiving antenna has characteristics that are analogous to that of the transmitting antenna. The polarization of these signals is horizontal in nature, which is shown with the arrow GP la. Figure 2. The mobile telecommunications center MTSO is divisible by software to divide the physical area covered by the cells into two or m segments, one of whose segments can optionally overlap another segment. Typically, in a ground-based cellular telecommunications arrangement, the available channels are divided between two competing cellular carriers, so that the service area is served by the carriers. However, this division capability allows the multidimensional mobile cellular telecommunications network to create a virtual cellular network - non-terrestrial cells that consists of the cellular telecommunications network m based on the existing terrain. This virtual cellular network works with multiple existing provisions of mobile cellular telecommunications with ground basis, different equipment, different providers, different frequencies, pu also use different technologies: digital / analog, or TDMA / CDMA FM / AM / PSK. The multidimensional mobile cellular telecommunications network has discontinuities and is superimposed over cellular telecommunication networks based on the existing terrain. The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication network adds one or more non-terrestrial cells to the existing mobile cellular telecommunications network.

A non-terrestrial cell is defined as a facility that is equipped with at least one transmitter-receiver pair of non-terrestrial cell sites, co being 201A and an associated AA1 antenna for receiving and transmitting cellular telecommunications transmissions to and from terrestrial mobile subscriber stations, how to be aircraft 21, 22; that are equipped with appliances 2 22B mobile subscriber station. The non-terrestrial transmitter-receiver pair 2 is interconnected with the public telephone network by means of the MTSO mobile telecommunications exchange. The antenna AA1 of the non-terrestrial cell site has a radiation configuration of radio signals that is directed on a horizontal plane surrounding the antenna. Most of the radiated radio signal is directed at angles above the horizontal plane, where angles are typically greater than 4o to avoid interference with mobile cellular telephony stations based on terrain 23, 24, 25. In addition, polarization of these signals The radio is selected so that substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the radio signals that emanates from the antennas based on the terrain, it is typically polarized vertically as shown by the arrow AP in Figure 2. - 3 The pair 201 A of the transmitter receiver of the non-terrestrial cell site can be integrated with an existing cell-site transmitter-receiver pair with an existing ground basis, since some of the equipment that assembles antenna elements can be shared on a common basis M1 and / or interconnects both pa-receivers from the cell site to the public telephone network. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the antenna elements AA1 of the terrestrial cell site are mounted on the same tower M1 as the antenna elements that are used to implement the cell site based on the ground.

Implementation of Multidimensional Cellular Arrangements In a multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunications arrangement a problem with the architecture illustrated in Figure 2 is that frequencies allocated for mobile cellular telecommunications p mobile subscriber stations based on the ground are the same as those assigned for stations of non-terrestrial mobile subscribers. The selection of emission frequencies for the plurality of cells based on the ordered terrain to ensure that there are never adjacent cells emitting the same frequency. There is a standard configuration in the frequency assignment industry for cells and this industry standard configuration does not support non-terrestrial cells. A complicating factor is that a non-terrestrial cell has a significantly greater range than a ground-based cell. In particular, field-based cells use tower-mounted antennas that are located at a site that typically provides the most elevation in the cell so that the ant emission configuration covers the largest possible area. Since the cell site transmitter with b in the ground is emitting into the ground from its physical location, the cell's peak is limited by the elevation of the antenna and by what hidden ethical characteristic of intervening signs, such as building mountains or similar. This limitation does not exist for non-terrestrial antennas that emit in a direction towards the sky and do not have a limited emission range in what refers to intervening characteristics. Figures 3-5 illustrate a perspective (out of scale) view of the relative geographic range of cells based on the ground and three typical non-terrestrial cells A-C. The non-terrestrial cell site antenna configuration is typically of substantially parabolic and covers a line of sight range from the antenna s to the physical horizon. Thus, the antenna configuration for non-terrestrial cell covers an area significantly larger than a base cell in the typical terrain. In this way, a non-terrestrial cell typically has tens or even hundreds of cells based on the terrain and is adjacent to the ground-based cells that emit at each of the frequencies currently allocated for cellular mobile telecommunications. Thus, due to the very nature of the superposition, the non-terrestrial cell has an emission frequency that corresponds to the frequency of po minus one of the juxtaposed ground-based cells. Likewise, frequency reuse configuration for non-terrestrial cells must be such that adjacent non-terrestrial cells do not use the same emission frequency. Figure 6 illustrates a typical frequency reuse configuration for non-terrestrial cells. The range of each non-terrestrial cell allows the configuration of frequency reuse to be simpler than that used for cells based in the field. As the frequency reuse configuration requires only a small subset of the frequencies currently assigned to me, the reuse configuration can be used to create cells within a cell. The traffic handling capability of a particular terrestrial cell can therefore be supplicated by simply assigning twice the frequency for this cell, creating two cells that have substantially the same physical range. Thus, there is much more flexibility in non-terrestrial cells than in the corresponding base cells in the field in terms of implementation and command of cell as evidenced in further detail in the following layout description. For non-terrestrial cells to use the frequencies that are assigned for mobile telecommunication cells with there must be a method to ensure that the signals emitted to and from non-terrestrial mobile abon stations do not interfere with existing communications in field-based cells and at its mobile subscriber stations with b in the field. To eliminate interference between non-terrestrial telecommunications communications based on the ground for mobile cellular customers, transmission and reception antenna configurations are architected to reduce the overlap in their coverage area, as indicated above.

In addition, the polarization of the non-terrestrial transmissions is selected p to be substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the base transmissions in the terrain. Alternatively, the non-terrestrial telecom telecommunication arrangement can switch the uplink and downlink frequencies p which are opposite to the configuration of the mobile subscriber station with b in the ground. The currently used forward link can be used as the reverse link and the currently used reverse link can be used as the forward link in the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station application. transmission power for mobile non-terrestrial subscriber stations significantly reduced compared to that used by land-based mobile abon stations. A final element of the implementation that the communications overlap is the use of dedicated CNN channels for non-terrestrial communications, whose control channels are recognized by the communications based on the terrain. These factors, individually and in different combinations, allow non-terrestrial communications to operate on frequencies that are used for communication based on the terrain where non-terrestrial cells overlap cells based on the ground using the same frequency of transmission and reception. Other design factors of the same class are possible and may include the displacement of the transmission and reception frequencies to be located between the existing pre-defined frequency, and the like. In operation, the multidimensional mobile telecommunications telecommunications arrangement may comprise a separate non-terrestrial cellular telecommunication arrangement that may be integrated with the cellular mobile telecommunications arrangement based on the existing terrain via a well-defined interface. Figures 3-5 illustrate the multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication disposition operation in typical call processing situation. In Figure 3, the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber station comprises an AC aircraft that is located on a non-terrestrial cell A, whose non-terrestrial cell is superimposed on a plurality of GBCA cells based on the terrain. Two additional non-terrestrial cells are also shown, each of which overlaps with a plurality of cells based on the GBCB, GBCC terrain, respectively. three non-terrestrial cells AC are shown to be adjacently oriented with the B cell between cells A and C. It is typical that other terrestrial cells would be implemented adjacent to the AC cells providing complete coverage of the non-terrestrial space available on the ground, as shown in Figures 3-5. For simplicity of the description in the figures only 3 non-terrestrial cells A-C are shown. The cells with b in the existing terrain are each connected by means of lines with c LKA-LKC to a mobile telecommunications center MT1, MT2 associated, are in turn connected to each other by means of the trunk line T and the public telephone through the PT trunk line. In this environment, it is typical for two different service providers to be serving the network, with a first company serving zone C1 and a second company serving area C2, the dividing line being between the two service areas shown in the figures by means of line d striped B-B '. In this arrangement, a call is established as a subscriber located on the aircraft AC, using a mobile subscriber station apparatus located on the aircraft AC in a manner well known to cellular arrangements based on the existing terrain. The co signals from the mobile subscriber station apparatus located in the aero AC are transmitted to the site transmitter-receiver pair of the terrestrial cell A, which is served by the first cellular company that provides service in the C1 zone. The call is connected by means of the trunk line LKA central mobile telecommunications MT1, which interconnects the connection called to the public telephone network PSTN by means of the trunk line PT, in a well known manner. The call connection is then extended to the designated abo (not shown) that is assumed for this description to be located at a "land line" station. The subscriber identification frequency assignment for the AC aircraft is managed by non-terrestrial cell site control software that operates independently of the cellular network based on the terrain and that may be functional in the mobile telecommunications center MT1 that serves the site of non-terrestrial cell for non-terrestrial cell A. The diagram of Figure 4 illustrates the case in which the aircraft AC crossed the limit of the non-terrestrial cell towards the area of the non-terrestrial cell B. Co non-terrestrial cell B is also supported by the first provider in the service area C1, the transfer between adjacent non-terrestrial cells can be done in the traditional manner, with the non-terrestrial cells surrounding the non-terrestrial cell in which the non-terrestrial subscriber station (aircraft A is presently active (non-terrestrial cell A) signaling the aircraft to find out which non-terrestrial cell provides the largest signal, and that is why both the candidate for transfer. The flame connection is identified as a non-terrestrial call and is therefore handled by the mobile telecommunication center MT1 as separate from the base calls in the ground and the handover to the non-terrestrial cell B is processed in a well-known manner with the central of mobile telecommunications M commanding the non-terrestrial cells that surround the cell A as a virtual one, which is separated from the mobile cellular telecommunications network with b in the terrain of GBCA and GBCB. In this way, the AC aircraft call connection via the LKA link is transferred to the LKB link when the frequency pair for communication with the aircraft AC is simultaneously switched so that it corresponds to that of the new cell, the terrestrial cell B. The diagram in Figure 5 illustrates the case of the AC aircraft that traversed the limit of the non-terrestrial cell from in the area of the terrestrial cell C. As the non-terrestrial cell C is not supported by the provider in the area of service C1, the transfer between adjacent non-terrestrial cells is still carried out in the traditional manner, with the terrestrial cells that surround the non-terrestrial cell in which the non-terrestrial abon station (aircraft AC) is presently active (non-terrestrial B cell) signaling the AC aircraft to find out which non-terrestrial cell provides the highest magnitude signal, and is therefore the candidate p pass-through. As a non-terrestrial call, it is therefore handled by the mobile telecommunication center MT1 co separated from the land-based calls and the handover to the terrestrial cell C is handled in a well-known manner. In particular, the so-called connection is switched from the mobile telecommunication center MT1 to the mobile telecommunication cent MT2 concurrently with the radio frequency handover between the adjacent non-terrestrial B and C cells and the public telephone network link PSTN is maintained by means of the trunk line T so there is no interruption in the call connection. In this way, aircraft AC switches the frequency pair for communication with the terrestrial cell C simultaneously with the ground-based link that switched to a communication path comprising the LK link the mobile telecommunication center MT2, the trunk line T , the mobile telecommunications center MT1, and the trunk line PT to the public telecommunications network PSTN.

Non-terrestrial Cell Configuration The non-terrestrial cell typically shares a locus with a ground-based cell for efficiency purposes and produces an antenna configuration that is juxtaposed to the base cell site antenna configuration and relatively not superimposing so that transmissions are directed to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations instead of including mobile subscriber stations based on the terrain in antenna configuration. Non-terrestrial cells can optionally each have a unique HLR and SID designation to distinguish them from terrain-based cells and to allow them to be commanded in origination, establishment, and handover functions.

- The non-terrestrial cell site antenna configuration may comprise a single cell element or multiple cell elements depending on the implementation of the various antenna elements and variations of the antenna configuration are disclosed in the present descriptive mem. A simple configuration of single pu cell site antenna comprises a substantially cylindrical or paraboloid configuration disposed radially outwardly of the antenna in all directions on a plane substantially coplanar to the earth's surface and at elevation corresponding to the antenna assembly on the mast. The antenna configuration comprises the entire volume of space located from the line of sight of the antenna site, as shown in the Figure. Alternatively, the antenna configuration can be divided into a plurality of segments for use as sub-cells or independent cells within the area above indicated. In particular, it may be beneficial to bifurcate the cylindrical in two segments along a vertically oriented plane aligned with a diameter of the circle comprising the lower base d cell, as shown in Figure 7. This antenna configuration allows the disposition of non-terrestrial cellular mobile telecommunications manage communications in one half of the cell independent of the other half d cell. This configuration also allows the characteristics of the ant to be optimized for the respective transmission directions that can provide efficiency to obtain a more uniform antenna configuration for each of two smaller coverage areas. Another possible configuration of coverage for the non-terrestrial antennas is illustrated in FIG. 8 by the creation of a substantially toroidal antenna configuration with a second configuration that occupies a central hole in the toroid and which is disposed upward in a substantially conical manner. These antenna configurations can be managed as a single cell can comprise two separate and independent cells. Alternatively, the toroidal section can be divided into two or more segments and manages as separate cell elements. Thus, it is apparent from the description that non-terrestrial cells have greater flexibility than ground-based cells and comprise at least one cell within a predetermined three-dimensional volume space. In this way, the control software can implement a soft trasp within a single cell, and a hard handover between adjacent non-terrestrial cells. Hard handovers commute frequently while soft handovers do not, and handover is determined by the mobile telephone cen while handover is determined by the transmitting controller. Characteristics of the Multidimensional Cellular Antenna The antenna located in a mobile subscriber station based on land, such as a car, truck or boat, is polarized vertically and the antenna is located in the ground-based station and also vertically polarized to provide more efficient coupling between the antennas. A different polarization between these antennas would have a marked effect on the efficiency of the transmissions between the antennas. The ground based ant is mounted as high as practical and what coverage is a function of antenna elevation. The non-terrestrial antenna points towards the sky and therefore the mounting height is very important to me. The non-terrestrial antenna can be mounted below the base antenna on the ground as shown in Figure 2 or above the antenna with b on the ground. Non-terrestrial subscriber stations, such as being an aircraft, they receive noise signals from ground-based sources, whereas in the reverse signal direction, the terrestrial cell site receiver does not receive signals from many signal sources and the only active sources of signals radio in the non-terrestrial zone are non-terrestrial subscriber stations. As noted above, the polarization of the non-terrestrial antenna elements must be substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the antenna elements with the base in the ground. Therefore, the non-terrestrial antenna elements are horizontally polarized. The t in which the antenna elements are mounted is largely transparent to the radio frequency transmissions of non-terrestrial polarized antenna horizontally since the polarization of the signals of nature horizont the tower is oriented vertically. In addition the braces of the tower diagonal in their orientation and therefore represent a substantial source interference. The preferred implementation of the terrestrial antenna elements is shown in Fig. 9 and comprises a slotted wave g antenna element with an optionally oriented overhead antenna element for both the receiving antenna elements and also antenna elements of the antenna. transmission. The grooved guide antenna element produces the toroidal configuration illustrated in FIG. 8, while the zenith oriented antenna element produces the substantially cylindrical configuration located in the toroid bore. The antenna element oriented overhead can be any of a number of typical antenna elements, including, without limitation: dipole, dipole, pleg helix, Yagi and the like. The helix antenna provides a benefit because the antenna configuration produced by such an element is circularly polarized and therefore is relatively insensitive to the direction of travel of the non-terrestrial subscriber station as the terrestrial subscriber station passes through the area near and by on the antenna. In the implementation shown in Figure 9, for cellular radio frequencies, the slotted waveguide antenna element is preferably mounted on the existing antenna to be used to support the antenna for cells with ba in the ground. As shown in Figure 9, the antenna elements are mounted at a sufficient distance D from the tower to reduce interference. A slotted waveguide antenna consists of a wavelength L length that is constructed to implement a multiple element antenna that produces a focused reception pattern. Typically the receiving configuration of the grooved waveguide antenna formed to receive signals coming from only one segment of the spa (controlled field of view), the precise reception configuration being created by managing the size as location and geometry of the slots cut in the waveguide. A groove cut in the wall of the on guide is connected to the conductors of a double feed line, placed; inside the grooved waveguide. The waveguide slots emit power received from the double limiting line into the free space. The spacing and / or orientation of the grooves along the edge of the waveguide was used to control the aperture illumination. The waveguide antenna can be mechanically inclined or the antenna configuration produced can be electrically commanded to provide a predetermined amount of upward tilt to the antenna configuration, c upward tilting produces the production of multi-path interference signals according to is described below. In the disclosed embodiment, the beam configuration comprises the volume of space located above and radially around antenna elements that are mounted on the antenna tower. The ante may comprise a single antenna element or multiple elements - antenna, which are designed to produce a characteristic reception configuration that provides substantially uniform coverage for all non-terrestrial cells. In particular, the antenna configuration covers the space zon over the horizon of an antenna, whose antenna horizon extends radially from the mast of the antenna to the physical horizon, and elevation which substantially corresponds to the mounting height of the antenna elem the antenna tower. As a practical implementation, the mounted antenna with a small upward inclination (typically of 4o) minimizes the production of multiple path signals. The antenna criteria are also: a horizontally polarized beam to correspond to the polarization of the transmit signal of the non-terrestrial subscriber station a beam configuration having a marked reduction in gain elevation angles below the horizon of the antenna. The reduced signal ground reflections is important due to multiple trajectory phenomena. In Figure 11 multiple trajectories are illustrated, where those produced by a transmission source reach the receiver in mu different trajectories, including direct reception of the signals generated reception with multiple trajectories of the signals generated due to ref from the surface of the ground. When the path length d of various signal paths are integer multiples of the wavelength of the fundamental wavelength, this produces nulls that recur in a fixed configuration, thereby causing a reduction in the signal power at these points. The upward tilt of the antenna that was used by the non-terrestrial antennas reduces these nulls by reducing the in-ground illumination. Non-terrestrial Mobile Subscriber Stations - In the preceding description of the multidimensional cel communications arrangement, the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations became known as a small fixed-wing aircraft. However, the nature of the mobile unit in which the subscriber station is installed is not limited to the application. In particular, the mobile unit may be lighter than an aircraft, a helicopter, or a commercial fixed-wing aircraft for multiple passage, or the like. The only limiting factor is that the mobile unit operates on non-terrestrial cells instead of cells fighting ground when a communications connection is established. A specific exception to this general rule is that a non-terrestrial cell can be established in, for example, an airport location to serve aircraft located in the terrain, before the takeoff of the aircraft enters the non-terrestrial cell existing in the area. from Spain or over the airport. This "ground-based" non-terrestrial cell can operate a low-power base, since the transmission range can be limited to the airport limits, thus avoiding interference with adjacent non-terrestrial cells. The mobile unit is typically equipped with an electronic unit including the transmitter, receiver and control circuits well known cellular communications. The apparatus also includes an antenna, which is typically mounted on the outer surface of the mobile unit. The mounting the antenna can be fixed directly to the mobile unit or it can be located in a separate unit which is mounted on the outer surface of the mobile unit. In the latter case, the antenna can be commanded mechanically so that the radiation configuration of the antenna elements can be aligned with the transmitting and receiving antennas of the cell so as to increase the quality of communication between them. Alternatively, the antenna can be electronically commanded by adjusting the base and / or magnitude of the signals applied to the antenna elements of a set as is well known in this technology. The output power of the non-terrestrial transmitters can also be regulated depending on the distance of the transmitting antenna from the cell site to ensure a relatively constant signal level. Also, the transmitter, receiver and control circuits can be used to serve a single microtelephone unit or can be multiplexed to serve a plurality of microtelephone units as an application in a commercial aircraft. The microtelephone units can be connected by cable to the electronic unit or can wireless units of limited communication range that interconnect with the electronic unit by means of radio frequency transmissions. As an application for multiple users, the electronic unit may comprise a "mini cell" in which the various microphone units are handled by the electronic unit in a manner analogous to that which is carried out with a typical combination of cell site / mobile communication center. Thus, the microtelephone units can be of a different technology the applications with only handsets, the electronic unit performing the integration function as well as the multiplexing function. handsets may be perso communication disposition units (PCS), callers, multiple access units with code division (CDM any other device or any other wireless communication device that is used by individuals.) The electronic unit receives signals generated by the various Microtelephonic units and formats (if necessary), the data contained in these transmissions to the format used for the radio link transmissions of the cell site. applied by means of the transmitter contained in the electronic unit to the ante mounted on the outside of the mobile unit, which radiates the signals to the cell site it serves. Communications in the reverse direction are handled in a complementary manner as is well known. The handset units each have a unique identification that allows the fundamental cellular communications network to communicate with the unit. The electronic unit can therefore perform the recording function of the telephonic peak by interrogating the existing radiotelephone units in the space served by the electronic unit in order to identify these units. These unit identification data may then be transmitted to the cell site by means of the control channels to allow the cellular network to find location of these particular units. In this way, when a subscriber c base in the ground (for example) initiates a call to one of these handset units, the telecommunications center can scan the mobile subscriber registers to locate the mobile subscriber station identified. The data is then used by the cellular network to establish a communication link with the identified mobile subscriber unit. In this way, which can traditionally be considered mobile subscriber stations c base in the field can function as subscriber stations not terrestr in the environment described above. Summary The multidimensional cellular mobile telecommunication arrangement extends the use of existing cellular mobile telecommunication frequencies allocated for land-based communications to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations by adding a superposition of predetermined earth geometry and locus land cells in the network space of cell-cell site based on the existing terrain. Polarization - - the signals produced by the non-terrestrial antenna elements substantially orthogonal to the polarization of the antenna signals with b in the terrain to thereby minimize the possibility of interference with vertically polarized ground-based signals. Likewise, the control signals exchanged between mobile non-terrestrial cell site controller subscriber stations are architected to avoid the possibility of interference with transmitter-receiver pairs in the cell site based on the ground. In this way, the existing m-dimensional cellular telecommunications network is expandable by using these novel apparatus methods to create a multidimensional cellular telecommunication arrangement that utilizes the currently assigned frequencies and services currently provided.

Claims (22)

1. CLAIMS: 1. A mobile cellular telecommunication system for providing cellular radio communication with non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations using radio frequencies assigned to land-based mobile telecommunications, comprising: at least one radio transmitter for generating at least one telecommunication cell, each telecommunication cell has a three-dimensional extension, arranged or arranged in at least three dimensions, wherein the communication signals generated by the at least one transmitter are at the radio frequencies assigned to land-based mobile subscriber stations and are incapable of reception by land-based mobile subscriber stations; at least one radio receiver or radio receiver to receive the communication signals generated by the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations in the at least one telecommunication cell, wherein the communication signals generated by the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations are at the radio frequencies assigned to land-based mobile subscriber stations and are incapable of being used by land-based mobile subscriber stations. P758 2. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land-based mobile subscriber stations comprise a plurality of communication channels, a first set of the communication channels will be used for the signals of control and a second set of communication channels will be used for the user's data signals, the at least one radio transmitter comprises: a means for generating the communication signals, transmitted to the mobile non-terrestrial subscriber stations, the communication signals generated comprise a plurality of communication channels; means for assigning a first set of the generated plurality of communication channels to the user's data signals; and a means for assigning at least one channel of the generated plurality of communication channels as the at least one channel for the exchange of the control signals, the at least one channel corresponds to the communication channels in the first set of channels of communication. communication transmitted to land-based mobile subscriber stations. 3. The telecommunication system according to P758 claim 2, wherein the control signals transmitted by the mobile land-based subscriber stations correspond to the communication channels in the first set of communication channels transmitted to the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations, the at least one radio transmitter comprises : means for rejecting the control signals transmitted by land-based mobile subscriber stations. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land-based mobile subscriber stations comprise radio signals of a first polarization, the at least one radio transmitter further comprising: means for generating signals of communication, transmitted to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations, the generated communication signals comprise radio signals of a second polarization whose second polarization is different from the first polarization. The telecommunication system according to claim 4, wherein the means for generating produces radio signals of the second polarization that is practically orthogonal to the first polarization. P758 6. The telecommunication system according to claim 4, wherein the radio signals of the first polarization are polarized in the vertical direction, the means for generating produces radio signals of horizontal polarization. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one radio transmitter comprises: means for generating communication signals comprising a plurality of communication channels; means for assigning a first set of the generated plurality of communication channels for the user's data signals; and means for assigning at least one channel of the generated plurality of communication channels for the control signals. The telecommunication system according to claim 7, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land-based mobile subscriber stations comprise radio signals of a first polarization, the at least one radio transmitter further comprising: a means for transmitting the signals of communication generated as radio signals of a second polarization whose second polarization is practically P758 orthogonal to the first polarization. The telecommunication system according to claim 7, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land based mobile subscriber stations comprise vertical polarization radio signals, the at least one radio transmitter further comprising: means for generating communication signals as radio signals of horizontal polarization. The telecommunication system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one radio transmitter comprises: at least one antenna tower; and a non-terrestrial antenna means, mounted on the at least one antenna tower, having a characteristic antenna pattern pointing towards the sky and which can be operated to reject signals reflected from the earth's surface as well as the signals that originate below a predetermined horizon. The telecommunication system according to claim 11, wherein the non-terrestrial antenna means comprises: a directional antenna that is not swept to form a shaped pattern beam, to receive the communication signals generated by the existing non-terrestrial stations in the at least one cell of P758 that can be operated to reject signals reflected from the surface of the earth as well as signals that originate below a predetermined horizon. A method for operating a mobile cellular telecommunication system to provide cellular radio communication with non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations using radio frequencies assigned to land-based mobile telecommunications, comprising the steps of: generating, on at least one radio transmitter, at least one telecommunication cell, each telecommunication cell has a three-dimensional extension, arranged or arranged in at least three dimensions, wherein the communication signals generated by the at least one transmitter are at the radio frequencies assigned to the mobile subscriber stations land-based and are incapable of receiving by ground-based mobile subscriber stations; and receiving, on at least one radio receiver, the communication signals generated by the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations in the at least one telecommunication cell, wherein the communication signals generated by the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations are at radio frequencies P758 assigned to land-based mobile subscriber stations and are unable to be used by land-based mobile subscriber stations. The method for operating a telecommunication system according to claim 12, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land based mobile subscriber stations comprise a plurality of communication channels, a first set of the communication channels will be used for the control signals and a second set of communication channels will be used for the user data signals, the generation step comprises: generating communication signals, transmitted to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations, communication signals generated comprise a plurality of communication channels; allocating a first set of the generated plurality of communication channels for the user's data signals; and assigning at least one channel of the generated plurality of communication channels as the at least one channel for the exchange of control signals, the at least one channel corresponds to the communication channels in the first set of communication channels transmitted to the base mobile subscriber stations P758 terrestrial. The telecommunication system according to claim 13, wherein the control signals transmitted by the land-based mobile subscriber stations correspond to the communication channels in the first set of communication channels transmitted to the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations., the step of generation comprises: rejecting the control signals transmitted by land-based mobile subscriber stations. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 12, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land-based mobile subscriber stations comprise radio signals of a first polarization, the generation step further comprising: generating signals of communication, transmitted to non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations, the generated communication signals comprise radio signals of a second polarization whose second polarization is different from the first polarization. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 15, wherein the step of generation comprises: producing radio signals from the second P758 polarization that is practically orthogonal to the first polarization. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 15, wherein the radio signals of a first polarization are polarized in the vertical direction, the step of generation comprising: producing radio signals of horizontal polarization. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 12, wherein the step of generating comprises: generating communication signals comprising a plurality of communication channels; allocating a first set of the generated plurality of communication channels for the user's data signals; and assigning at least one channel of the generated plurality of communication channels for the control signals. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 18, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land based mobile subscriber stations comprise radio signals of a first polarization, the passage of the P758 generation further comprises: transmitting the generated communication signals as radio signals of a second polarization whose second polarization is practically orthogonal to the first polarization. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 18, wherein the communication signals transmitted to the land-based mobile subscriber stations comprise vertical polarized radio signals, the generation step further comprising: generating signals of communication as radio signals of horizontal polarization. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 12, wherein the step of generating comprises: mounting on at least one antenna tower a non-terrestrial antenna, having a characteristic antenna pattern pointing towards the sky and which can be operated to reject signals reflected from the surface of the earth as well as signals that originate below a predetermined horizon. 22. The method for operating a telecommunications system according to claim 21, wherein the non-terrestrial antenna can be operated to perform the step P758 of: forming a shaped pattern beam, for receiving the communication signals generated by the non-terrestrial stations existing in the at least one telecommunication cell and which can be operated to reject signals reflected from the surface of the earth as much as signals that originate below a predetermined horizon. P758 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The multidimensional mobile cellular telecommunication system extends the use of existing mobile cellular telecommunication radio frequencies allocated for land-based communications with non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations by adding an overlay of non-terrestrial cells of predetermined geometry and place or location in the network space of the existing land base cellular site. The polarization of the signals produced by the elements of the non-terrestrial antenna is a polarization that is different from the polarization of the cellular radio signals and, preferably, practically orthogonal to the polarization of said radio signals produced by the terrestrial-based antennas. , such as a horizontal polarization, to thereby reduce to a minimum the possibility of interference with vertically polarized ground-based radio signals. In addition, the control signals exchanged between the non-terrestrial mobile subscriber stations and the non-terrestrial cellular site controller have an architecture or are designed to avoid the possibility of interfering with the transmitter-receiver pairs of the terrestrial base cell site. In particular, the control channels used for the mobile subscriber stations do not P758 are selected in such a way that the control signals transmitted on these channels are unrecognizable by the land-based mobile subscriber stations and the transmitter-receiver pairs of the cell site, so that even if they are broadcast or transmitted from a station of non-terrestrial mobile subscriber and arrive at the land-based mobile subscriber station or cellular site receiver, they can not be interpreted and rejected immediately. P758