MXPA98009442A - Aqueous coating composition, with open timing of abert - Google Patents

Abstract

An aqueous coating composition having a prolonged opening time is provided. The aqueous coating composition includes an emulsion polymer, the polymer comprising an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized momomer having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide, a polyether monoamine or polyether diamide having amino functionality primary or secondary, and an alkyl polyglycoside. A method is also provided for extending the opening time of an aqueous coating composition, forming the composition and applying the composition to a substratum.

Description

Aqueous Coating Composition, with Prolonged Opening Time.

The present invention relates to an aqueous coating composition having a long opening time. More particularly, this invention relates to an aqueous coating composition that includes an emulsion polymer, the polymer comprising an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside. And the invention relates to a method that prolongs the opening time of an aqueous coating composition by the formation of the composition including an emulsion polymer, the polymer comprising an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from the group consists of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside, and by application of the composition to a substrate. The present invention serves to provide a dry coating that is aesthetically pleasing by prolonging the opening time of the aqueous coating composition. In this, the "opening time" of an aqueous coating composition is the time during which the aqueous coating composition remains workable. Due to the fast-drying nature of the aqueous coating compositions, there is usually not enough time to rewet the brush or roller on the freshly coated wet surface to improve its surface appearance or apply additional paint to the newly coated surface without causing defects such as brush marks, depressive lines resulting from differences in the thickness of the paint, and loss of brilliance. In this, the "prolonged opening time" refers to the opening time of a composition of this invention that is greater than the same emulsion polymer that does not have polyether monoamine or polyether diamine with primary or secondary amine functionality and / or alkyl polyglycoside, measured in the same way under the same conditions.

U.S. Patent No. 5,270,380 discloses a method for prolonging the opening time of an aqueous coating composition by providing a latex polymer with a first reaction group that reacts with a second reaction group in a modifying compound. Latex polymers containing acetoacetate groups and modifying compounds including polyethoxylated diamines and monoamines are disclosed. Other improvements regarding the opening time have been considered convenient. U.S. Patent No. 5,523,335 discloses a flexible ink composition for printing, containing a polyacrylate resin binder dispersible in water, which can be prepared using a nonionic dispersing agent such as ethylene oxide condensate of long or branched chain monoamines, pigment and an alkyl polyglycoside surfactant. The opening time of the flexible ink composition was not measured or recognized as a relevant property, nor were the copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide.

The problem faced by the inventors was to provide a suitable composition and method for prolonging the time of opening of a coating, so that when the paint brush is superimposed and completed, the surface of the already dry coating is not permanently damaged. The above coating compositions were aimed at solving this problem but other improvements were considered desirable. We have now found that with the alkyl polyglycosides with amines compositions and a selected emulsion polymer, improvements in the opening time can be achieved. In a first aspect of the present invention, an aqueous coating composition having a prolonged opening time including an emulsion polymer is provided, the polymer including an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide.; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having a primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside. In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for prolonging the opening time of an aqueous coating composition by the formation of the composition including an emulsion polymer, said polymer including an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a group selected slope of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having a primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside; and by the application of the composition to the substrate. This invention relates to an aqueous coating composition having a long opening time. The aqueous coating composition contains an emulsion polymer made of water. The emulsion polymer contains at least one ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from the group selected from acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide. Said monomers can be used in the formation of the polymer or by the subsequent reaction of a copolymerized precursor monomer. In general, any polymerizable amine or hydroxy functionalized monomer can be converted to the corresponding acetoacetate or acetoacetamide, before or after polymerization, by reaction with diketene or other suitable acetoacetylating agent (see, for example, Comparison of Methods for the Preparation of Acetoacetylated Coating Resins (Comparison of methods for the preparation of acetoacetylated coating resins), Wítzeman, JS; Dell Nottingham, W.; Del Rector, FJ Coatings Technology; Vol. 62, 1990, 101 (and references contained therein) ). The cyanoacetates and cyanoacetamides can be prepared by methods known in the art, such as those disclosed, for example in US Pat. 3,554,987, 3,658,878 and 5,021, 511. Preferred is an emulsion polymer comprising from 1% to 25% by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer bearing an acetoacetate functionality such as vinyl acetoacetate, acetoacetoxyethyl acrylate, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (MAAE), acetoacetoxypropyl methacrylate (MAAP), allyl acetoacetate, acetoacetoxybutyl methacrylate, 2,3-di (acetoacetoxy) ropyl methacrylate. An emulsion polymer containing from 2% to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer, of copolymerized methacrylate of acetoacetoxyethyl is even more preferred. The polymer may also contain other ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized copolymer (s) such as for example a (meth) acrylic ester monomer including methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, sodium acrylate, and ethylhexyl, decyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, aminoalkyl (meth) acrylate; styrene or substituted styrenes; butadiene; vinyl acetate or other vinyl esters; vinyl monomers such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, N-vinyl pyrrolidone; (meth) acrylonitrile and (meth) acrylamide. The use of the term "(met)" followed by another term such as acrylate or acrylamide, as used throughout the description, refers to both acrylates and acrylamides as well as methacrylates and methacrylamides, respectively. The polymer made of water may also contain from 0% to 15%, preferably from 1% to 5%, of a monoethylenically unsaturated copolymerized acid monomer, based on the dry weight of the polymer, such as, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acid crotonic acid, itaconic acid, sulfoethyl methacrylate, phosphorus ethyl methacrylate, fumaric acid, maleic acid, monomethyl itaconate, monomethyl fumarate, monobutyl fumarate and maleic anhydride. The polymer made of water used in this invention is substantially thermoplastic or substantially non-crosslinked, when applied to the substrate, although there may be low levels of deliberate or adventitious crosslinking. When low levels of pre-crosslinking or gel content are desired, low levels of multiethylenically unsaturated monomers such as 0.1% -5% by weight, based on the weight of the polymerized emulsion polymer, of allyl methacrylate, diallyl phthalate, can be used. , dimethacrylate 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate and divinylbenzene. However, it is important that the quality of the film formation is not materially damaged. Transfer agents, such as alkyl mercaptans, can be used to moderate the molecular weight of the polymer. Polymerization techniques used to prepare water-based polymers such as emulsion polymers, aqueous colloidal polymer dispersions, solution polymers dissolved in water or a predominantly aqueous medium, and aqueous polymer suspensions are well known in the art. Emulsion polymers are preferred. In the preparation of emulsion polymers, surfactants such as anionic and / or nonionic emulsifiers such as alkyl ammonium or alkali sulfates, alkyl sulfonic acids, fatty acids and oxyethylated alkyl phenols can be used. The amount of surfactant used is usually up to 6% by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer. Both the thermal and redox initiation processes can be used, Conventional free radical initiators such as hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide and alkali and / or ammonium persulfates can be used, typically at a level of 0.05% to 3.0% by weight. weight, based on the weight of the total monomer Redox systems using the same initiators coupled with a suitable reducing agent, such as sodium bisulfite, can be used at similar levels In another aspect of the present invention, the emulsion polymer can be prepared by means of a multistage emulsion polymerization process, in the sual at least two steps differing in composition are sequentially polymerized.This process generally results in the formation of at least two mutually incompatible polymer compositions, resulting in the formation of at least two phases within the polymer particles. of two or more phases of different geometry such as core / shell or core / shell particles, core / shell particles with shell phases that incompletely encapsulate the core, core / shell particles with a multiplicity of nuclei, and particles of interpenetrating network. In all these cases, most of the surface area of the particle will be occupied by at least one outer phase, and the interior of the particle will be occupied by at least one interior phase. Each of the steps of the multi-stage emulsion polymer can contain the same monomers, surfactants, chain transfer agents, etc., as previously disclosed for the emulsion polymer. The polymerization techniques used to prepare such multi-stage emulsion polymers are well known in the art, for example in US Pat. 4,325,856, 4,654,397 and 4,814,373. The emulsion polymer typically has an average particle diameter of 30 nanometers to 500 nanometers. Processes that produce polymodal particle size distributions, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. 4,384,056 and 4,539,361, for example. The glass transition temperature ("Tg") of the emulsion polymer is preferably -10 ° C to 70 ° C, as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (CED) using the midpoint of the heat flow against temperature transition as the Tg value. The aqueous coating composition contains a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having primary or secondary amino functionality, such as a polyethylene glycol terminated in monoamino or diamino. The monoamines or polyether diamines contain at least eight oxyalkylene groups which may be the same or different; the monoamine is an amine either primary or secondary, and the diamine has two amine groups independently selected from the primary amine and the secondary amine. The preferred polyether monoamine has a structure of R 1 - (CH 2 CH (R 2) O) n -CH 2 CH (R 3) -NH 2 wherein R 1 is selected from C 1 -C 12 alkyl, and wherein R 2 and R 3 is independently selected from H and alkyl C1-C3. R 2 = methyl is preferred. A preferred polyether monoamine is JEFFAMINE® M-1000 (now XTJ-506) (JEFFAMINE® is a trademark of Huntsman Chemical Co.) which has a structure R- (CH2CH (R ') -CH2CH (CH3) -NH2 with a mole ratio of the ethylene oxide / propylene oxide constituents of 3/19, and an approximate molecular weight of 1,000, which is made by the reaction of a monohydric alcohol initiator with alkylene oxide, followed by the The conversion of the resulting terminal hydroxyl group to an amine The polyether diamines can have a structure of H (R3) N- (OCH2CH (R5)) xN (R4) H, wherein R3 and R4 can be the same or different and are independently selected from hydrogen and C1-C6alkyl, and R5 is selected from C2-C3alkyl or may contain alkylenoxy, R3 = R4 = H, R5 = methyl, and x = 10-50 is preferred A preferred polyether diamine is JEFFAMINE® DE-600 (now XTJ-500) having a structure H2NCH (CH3) CH2- [OCH (CH3) CH2] a- { 0CH2CH2] b- [OCH2CH (CH3)] c- NH2, wherein b is about 5.5, a + c = 2.5 and the approximate molecular weight is 600. The primary or secondary amino groups are capable of reacting with functional groups in the polymer emulsion such as the acetoacetate groups, to form enamine structures. Polyether diamines are even more preferred since they can cause crosslinking, which can improve the coating properties apart from the opening time. A monoether level of polyether or polyether diamine is preferred in such a way that the number of equivalents of the amino groups is 0.1 to 1.1, based on the equivalents of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide groups. A monoether level of polyether or polyether diamine is preferred, such that the number of equivalents of the amino groups is from 0.2 to 0.6, based on the equivalents of the acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide groups.

The aqueous coating composition contains an alkyl polyglycoside, by which is meant herein an alkyl polyglycoside of C8-C18 alcohols and reducing sugars, wherein a sugar chain containing an average of from 1 to 10 residues is present. sugar, added to each other by means of glucoside bonds, for each alkyl group. The alkyl polyglycosides can be prepared by the process disclosed in U.S. Pat. 3,839,318 starting with glucose or oligosaccharides, and C8-C18 alcohols that can be reacted at 80-130 ° C. in the presence of an acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid. The alkyl polyglycosides are surface-active agents, and can be used as co-surfactants or surfactants alone in the preparation of the emulsion polymer or added later during or after the formation of the emulsion polymer. Preferred alkyl polyglycosides are GLUCOPON ™ 225 (GLUCOPON ™ is a trademark of Henkel Corporation) with a long average of the alkyl chain reported as 9.1, and GLUCOPON ™ 625 with an average of the alkyl chain length reported as 12.8 . A composition containing 0.1% to 10% alkyl polyglycoside by weight, based on the weight of the polymer, is preferred. Even more preferred is a composition containing from 1% to 7% alkyl polyglycoside by weight, based on the weight of the polymer. The amount of pigment in the aqueous coating composition can vary from a pigment concentration (CVP) from 0 to 75, and thus include coatings otherwise described, for example, as light coatings, gloss or semi-gloss coatings, mat coatings and primers. The aqueous coating composition is prepared by techniques that are well known in the art of coatings. First, if the coating composition is to be pigmented, at least one pigment is well dispersed in a high cut aqueous medium such as that provided by a COWLES® mixer or, alternatively, at least one previously dispersed pigment can be used. Then the emulsion polymer is added under slow cutting agitation together with other coating auxiliaries as desired. Alternatively, the emulsion polymer may be present during the pigment dispersion step. The aqueous coating composition may contain conventional coating aids such as emulsifiers, regulators, neutralizers, coalescers, thickeners or rheology modifiers, thawing additives, wet margin auxiliaries, humectants, wetting agents, biocides, antifoams, dyes, waxes and antioxidants The solids content of the aqueous coating composition can be from 25% to 60% by volume. The viscosity of the aqueous polymer composition can be from 50 UK (Krebs Units) to 100 UK, which is measured using a Brookfield Digital Viscometer KU-1; The appropriate viscosity for the different methods of application varies considerably. Conventional coating application methods, such as brush, roller, and spray methods such as atomized air spraying, air assisted spraying, airless spraying, low pressure spraying and high volume spraying, and air assisted spraying can be used. air. The aqueous coating composition can be applied to substrates such as wood, metal, plastics, and cement substrates such as concrete, stucco and mortar, previously painted or primed surfaces, and surfaces exposed to the weather. Typically it is allowed to dry to proceed under ambient conditions such as 0 ° C. at 35 ° C ..

The following examples are presented to illustrate the invention and the results obtained by the testing procedures. EXAMPLE 1. Preparation of the aqueous coating composition. A five-liter four-necked round bottom flask equipped with a paddle stirrer, heating blanket and temperature controller, condenser and a nitrogen atmosphere, was charged with 1200 gr. of water and 2 gr. of sodium lauryl sulfate. The ingredients were heated to 85 ° C. A 700 g monomer emulsion was prepared. of water, 20 gr. of sodium lauryl sulfate, 800 gr. of butyl acrylate, 960 gr. of methyl methacrylate, 200 gr. of 2- (acetoacetoxy) ethyl methacrylate, 40 gr. of methacrylic acid and 10 gr. of 1-dodecanothiol. Then, a 3 g solution was added to the flask. of sodium carbonate and 20 gr. of water, 25 gr. of the charge origin of the monomer emulsion, and a solution of 6 gr. of ammonium persulfate and 20 gr. of water. The ingredients were stirred for 10 minutes at 85 ° C. The monomer emulsion and a solution of 1 g. of ammonium persulfate and 100 gr. of water were added to the system continuously for 180 minutes. At the end of the feed, the algil polyglycoside was added for 20 minutes and stirred for an additional 20 minutes. The entire mixture was cooled to 60 ° C, and -5 g. (0.15% by weight) of a ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1 gr. of t-butyl hydroperoxide and 10 gr. of water, and 0.5 gr. of sodium sulfoxylate in 20 gr. of water to the mixture, stirring for 30 minutes. While it was cooling, 11 gr. of ammonium hydroxide (28% by weight). The consignment was cooled and filtered. The amine, first diluted 50% by weight in water, was then added with agitation.

TABLE 1-1 Aqueous Coating Compositions (CC) Sample Polyglycoside Polyglycoside Amin Amount of no. of alkyl algayl (% amine by weight, based on (equivalents in the polymer based on eq. of MAAE) CC-l Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 2 Jeffamine®ED-600 0.2 CC-2 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 2 Jef f amine®ED-600 0.6 CC-3 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 6 Jef f amine®ED- 600 0.2 CC-4 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 6 Jeffamine®ED-600 0.6 CC-5 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 4 Jef f amine®ED - 600 0.4 CC-6 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 4 Jef famine®M-1000 0.4 Comp. A Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 4 without amine 0.0 Comp. B none 0 Jeffamine®ED-600 0.4 Comp. C none 0 without amine 0.0 Comp. D none 0 diethylenetriamine 0.4 Comp. E none or 1,6- Hexanodiamine 0.4 Comp. F none or Jef famine®M-1000 0.4 Comp. G Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 4 diethylenetriamine 0.4 Comp. H Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) 1, 6 -Hexanodiamine 0.4 Comp. I Glucopon ™ 220 (37%) without amine 0.0 Comp. J Glucopon ™ 220 (37%) diethylenetriamine 0.4 Comp. K Glucopon ™ 220 (37%) 1, 6 -Hexanodiamine 0.4 CC-7 Glucopon ™ 220 (37%) Jef f amine®ED- 600 0.4 CC-8 Glucopon ™ 625 (37%) Jeffamine®ED-600 0.4 CC-9 is a repetition of sample CC-8 with one modification. Glucopon ™ 625 was added during the preparation of the emulsion polymer, after the addition of ammonium hydroxide at 40 ° C. Comp. L is a repeat of the CC-8 sample with an emulsion polymer composition consisting of 920 gr. of butyl acrylate, 1040 gr. of methyl methacrylate, 40 gr. of methacrylic acid, 10 gr. of 1-dodecanethiol [non-2- (acetoacetoxy) ethyl methacrylate]. CC-10 is a repetition of the CC-8 sample with an emulsion polymer composition consisting of 820 gr. of butyl acrylate, 940 gr. of styrene, 40 gr. of methacrylic acid, 200 gr. of 2- (acetoacetoxy) ethyl methacrylate, 10 gr. of 1-dodecanethiol (not methyl methacrylate). The coating compositions were incorporated into a test formulation, as presented in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1. Test formulation MATERIAL Grams CRUSHED Methyl Carbitol 6.3 Tego FOAMEX® 800 1.0 Propylene Glycol 33.8 TAMOL® 731 (25%) 8.2 TiPure® R706 205.4 Grind the previous ones for 15 to 20 minutes, and then add at low speed Water - 20.00 DECREASE Coating composition 552.4 Methyl Carbitol 5.0 TEXANOL® 32.0 ACRYSOL®RM-2020 90.0 Water 71.6 PVC 17.9 Solid volume 34.4! Notes: Tipure® is a trademark of The DuPont de Nemours Co. , TEXANOL® is a brand of Eastman Chemical Co. , FOAMEX® is a brand of Tego Chemie Service USA, a division of Goldschmidt Chemical Corporation. TAMOL® and ACRYSOL® are trademarks of Rohm and Haas Company.

EXAMPLE 2. Evaluation of the opening time of the coating compositions. The aperture time method measured the non-uniformity of a brush presented by very rapid tearing or drying of the original coating, which is aesthetically undesirable, measuring the brilliance and flow of a brush after the film was repaired after 5 and 10 minutes of drying. The coating composition, each in the test formulation of Table 1-1, was applied with a five-centimeter tapered nylon brush to the natural rate of propagation of the coating composition (6-16 square meters per liter) to a Leneta Propagation Index Table (from The Leneta Company, Mahwah, New Jersey) under conditions of 25 ° C. (77 ° F.) / 50% relative humidity, conditions maintained through the test. The chronometer started immediately after the application of the painting. After a drying time of five minutes, using the same brush (without cleaning before this stage), the brush was again wetted with a small amount of the coating composition, and the brush was again passed around the length of the painted board, on the left side. The previous procedure was repeated on the right side after a drying time of 10 minutes, using the same brush (without cleaning before this stage). The coated board was allowed to dry overnight. Brilliance was measured at 20 degrees using a Byk-Gardner Brilliance-Nebulosity Counter on each of the painted areas: original, 5 and 10 minutes. Flow was estimated in each of the original painted areas, 5 and 10 minutes according to Method ASTM D-4062-88. A flow rate of 10 indicates a visually perfect smooth surface; an index of 7-10 is more desirable; An index of 5 or less is unacceptable. The long opening time is related to the minimum change in flow and brightness after shaking the paint film during the drying process, that is, in this test, there is no or minimal change in the flow rate and brightness in 5 and 10 minutes compared to the original index, yet at acceptable levels. Particularly critical is the flow reading after a drying time of 10 minutes. A difference of one unit is considered significant within each series.

Table 2-1. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and diethylene triamine.

Composition Brilliant Flow Level Level a polyglycoside triamine coating (0, 5 and 20 degrees of diethylene alkyl 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 625) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 7/5/3 10/16/8 Comp. D 0 0.4 eq. 3/3/2 8/5/6 Comp. At 4% 0.0 eq. 3/7/3 61/44/35 Comp. G 4% 0.4 eq. 8 + / 4/2 45/29/29 A short opening time (flow values in a drying time of 5 and 10 minutes) is observed in the comparative compositions with or without alkyl polyglycoside with or without an amine that is not mono or polyether diamines.

Table 2-2. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and hexaethylene diamine.

Composition Level of Brilliant Flow Level to polyglycoside diamine coating (0.5 and 20 grades of 10 min. Algae) 0, 5 and 10 min.) (Glucopon ™ 625) hexaethylene Com. C 0 0.0 eg. 7/5/3 10/16/8 COmp. E 0 0.4 eq. 6/3/2 13/7/5 Com. At 4% 0.0 eq. 3/7/3 61/44/35 Comp. H 4% 0.4 eq. 8/3/2 37/31/28 A short opening time (flow values in a drying time of 5 and 10 minutes) is observed in the comparative compositions with or without alkyl polyglycoside with or without an amine that is not mono or polyether diamines.

Table. 2-3. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and polyether diamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliance flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 degrees polyether alkyl -10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 625) (Jeffamine® DE-600) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 7/5/3 10/16/8 Comp. B 0 0.4 eq. 3/5/2 5/3/2 Comp. At 4% 0.0 eq. 3/7/3 61/44/35 CC-8 4% 0.4 eq. 8/6/6 48/32/40 The coating composition CC-8 of this invention exhibits a longer opening time (flow rates in drying times of 5 and 10 minutes) relative to the comparative compositions that do not have polyglycoside alkyl or polyether amine or none.

Table 2-4. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and polyether diamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliance flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 degrees of polyether alkyl 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 625) (Jeffaminei® DE-600) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 4/7/2 47/36/18 Comp. B 0 0.4 eq. 8 + / 6/4 42/32/24 Com . At 4% 0.0 eq. 10/8/7 49/44/32 CC-5 4% 0.4 eq. 10 / 10- / 9 51/49/52 The CC-5 coating composition of this invention exhibits a higher opening time (flow values at 5 and 10 minute drying times) relative to the comparative compositions that do not have alkyl polyglycoside or polyether amine or none at all.

Table 2-5. Polyglycoside effect of alkyl and polyether monoamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliance flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 degrees of polyether alkyl 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 625) (Jeffamine® M-1000) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 4/7/2 47/36/18 Comp. F 0 0.4 eq. 9/7 +/6 50/50/44 Comp. At 4% 0.0 eq. 10/8/7 49/44/32 CC-6 4% 0.4 eq. 8/8/7 51/56/41 The CC-6 coating composition of this invention exhibits an upper aperture time (flow values at 5 and 10 minute drying times) relative to the comparative compositions that do not have alkyl polyglycoside or polyether amine and alkyl polyglycoside.

Table 2-6. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and diethylene triamine.

Composition Level of Level Brilliance to polyglycoside (0, 5 and 20 degrees of alkyl triamine 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 220) of diethylene Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 7/5/3 10/16/8 Comp. D 0 0.4 eq. 3/3/2 8/5/6 Comp. I 4% 0.0 eq. 8 + / 7/2 51/52/17 Com . J 4% 0.4 eq. 7/6/2 34/38/11 A short opening time (flow values at drying times of 5 and 10 minutes) was observed in the comparative compositions with or without alkyl polyglycoside with or without an amine that is not a polyether mono or diamine.

Table 2-7. Effect of the alkyl polyglycoside and the hexaethylene diamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliance flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 grades of hexagine hexagine 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 220) Comp. C 0 0.0 eg. 7/5/3 10/16/8 Comp. E 0 0.4 eq. 6/3/2 13/7/5 Comp. I 4% 0.0 eq. 8 + / 7/2 51/52/17 Comp. K 4% 0.4 eq. 8/7/4 35/29/31 A short opening time (flow values at 5 and 10 minute drying times) was observed in the comparative compositions with or without alkyl polyglycoside with or without an amine which is not an mono or polyether diamine.

Table 2-8. Effect of alkyl polyglycoside and polyether diamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliant flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 degrees of polyether alkyl 10 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 220) (Jeffamine® DE-600) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 7/5/3 10/16/8 Com. b 0 0.4 eq. 3/3/2 35/23/13 Comp. I 4% 0.0 eq. 8 + / 7/2 51/52/17 CC-7 4% 0.4 eq. 8/7/7 42/41/38 The coating composition CC-7 of this invention exhibits an upper opening time (flow values at drying times of 5 and 10 minutes) relative to the comparative compositions that do not have alkyl polyglycoside or polyether amine or none at all.

Table 2-9. Effect of the polyglycoside levels of alkyl and polyether diamine.

Composition Diamine level Brilliance flow to polyglycoside coating of (0, 5 and 20 degrees of polyether alkyl 1.0 min.) 0, 5 and 10 min) (Glucopon ™ 625) (Jeffamine®) D? -600) Comp. C 0 0.0 eq. 4/7/2 47/36/18 Comp. B 0 0.4 eq. 8 + / 6/4 42/32/24 Comp. At 4% 0.0 eq. 10/8/7 49/44/32 CC-1 2% 0.2 eq. 9/7/6 50/43/39 CC-2 2% 0.6 eq. 10/9/8 30/33/29 CC-3 6% 0.2 eq. 10 / 10- / 10- 20/24/24 CC-4 6% 0.6 eq. 9 / 8- / 8 52/55/53 CC-5 4% 0.4 eq. 10 / 10- / 9 51/49/52 Compositions CC-1 to CC-5 of this invention generally exhibit an upper opening time (flow values at 5 and 10 minute drying times) relative to comparative compositions that do not have alkyl polyglycoside or polyether amine or none Table 2-10. Effect of the polymer process in emulsion.

Composition Polymethylene coating level (0, 5 and 10 Polyglycoside (Jeffamine® minutes) of alkyl DE-600) (Glucopon ™ 625) CC-9 4% 0.4 eq. 1/6 + / 6 CC-7 4% 0.4 eq. 6/6/6 The coating compositions CC-7 and CC-9 of this invention, the emulsion polymer prepared by means of different processes, exhibit a similar opening time (flow values in drying times of 5 and 10 minutes).

Table 2-11. Effect of the main composition of the polymer in emulsion.

Composition Polymethylene coating level (0, 5 and 10 Polyglycoside (Jeffamine® minutes) of alkyl DE-600) (Glucopon ™ 625) CC-8 4% 0.4 eq. 6/6/6 CC-10 4% 0.4 eq. 8/7/4 The coating compositions CC-8 and CC-10 of this invention, the emulsion polymer being all acrylic against styrene / acrylic, exhibit a similar time of opening (flow values in drying times of 5 and 10 minutes).

Table 2-12. Effect of polymer composition on emulsion.

Composition Polymethylene coating level (0, 5 and 10 Polyglycoside (Jeffamine® minutes) of alkyl DE-600) (Glucopon ™ 625) CC-8 4% 0.4 eq. 6/6/6 Com . L 4% 0.4 eq. 2/2/2 The coating composition CC-8 of this invention is considerably higher in opening time (values of flow in drying times of 5 and 10 minutes) to sample L comparison, in which the emulsion polymer does not contain an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer which have a pending group selected from the group consisting in acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide.

Claims (8)

1. Claims 1. An aqueous coating composition having a long opening time comprising an emulsion polymer, said polymer comprises an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside.
2. 2. The aqueous coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said polymer comprises from 1% to 25% of the copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing the acetoacetate functionality by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer.
3. 3. The aqueous coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said polymer comprises from 2% to 20% of the copolymerized methacrylate of acetoacetoxyethyl by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer.
4. 4. The aqueous coating composition according to claim 1, wherein said polyether or polyether diamine monoamine is a polyether diamine having from 0.1 to 1.1 equivalents of amino groups based on the equivalents of the acetoacetate, acetoacetamide groups, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide.
5. 5. A method for prolonging the opening time of an aqueous coating composition, comprising: forming said composition comprising an emulsion polymer, said polymer comprising an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerized monomer having a pendant group selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate, acetoacetamide , cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide; a polyether or polyether diamine monoamine having primary or secondary amino functionality, and an alkyl polyglycoside, and applying said composition to a substrate.
6. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said polymer comprises from 1% to 25% of the copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying the acetoacetate functionality by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer.
7. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein said polymer comprises from 2% to 20% copolymerized methacrylate of acetoacetoxyethyl by weight, based on the weight of the total monomer.
8. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein said polyether polyether or diamine monoamine is a polyether diamine having from 0.1 to 1.1 equivalents of amino groups based on the equivalents of the acetoacetate, acetoacetamide, cyanoacetate and cyanoacetamide groups.