MXPA98008276A - Evaporator system for emulsified heavy oil fuel and the operating method of mi - Google Patents

Abstract

A heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system in which the heavy oil emulsified fuel, after it is preheated in a preheater, is conducted to an evaporator where it is heated and then to a separator for the separation of its water content , is used as a means for the preheating source for the preheater, wherein the separation of the water content at a predetermined level is allowed without regard to the change of charge in the equipment for the combustion of heavy oil fuel and no content of light oil is discharged together with the separated water content. The heavy oil emulsified fuel is already preheated in a preheater 13, heated in the evaporator 14 and conducted to the separator 15 so that its water content is separated. The water content, after it is separated, is sent through a pipe 15a to be used as a means of the preheating source 13 which is also constantly controlled. In addition, the temperature difference of the outlet temperature in relation to the inlet temperature of the evaporator 14 is constantly controlled. Therefore, the water content in the heavy oil fuel leaving the separator 15 can be maintained at a predetermined value

Description

EVAPORATOR SYSTEM FOR EMULSIFIED HEAVY OIL FUEL AND THE METHOD OF OPERATION OF THE SAME BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to an evaporator system for separating the water content in the heavy oil emulsified fuel by heating and a method for operating this system. Description of the prior art. Since the heavy oil is of high consistency by nature, in order to make it easier if handling for transport and storage, an appropriate amount of water and an active surface agent is added to this heavy oil to form the It is known as heavy oil emulsified fuel. When this heavy fuel oil is burned in the furnace of a combustion boiler, etc., it is desired to remove the water content of the fuel and ulsified heavy oil to achieve efficient combustion. The prior art evaporator system for the separation of the water content in the heavy oil emulsified fuel is shown in Figure 7 and a description thereof will be made below. In Figure 7, the indicator with the number 11 designates a tank, in which the emulsified fuel is stored. The number 12 designates a pump, the number 12 designates a preheater, the number 14 designates an evaporator, the number 15 designates a separator, the number 16 designates a device for the supply of hot steam and the number 17 designates a pump. In the evaporator system of Figure 7, which has this equipment and machinery, the emulsified fuel Ia, which contains water, and is in the tank 11 is fed to the preheater 13 by means of the pump 12 and the pipe 11b. The heat exchange tube 13a, which is inside the preheater 13, for flowing the hot water or steam, after separation, as a means for the preheating source described below, and the emulsified fuel lia filled so that it roxiee tube for heat exchange 13a. It should be noted that the means for the preheating source and the emulsified fuel can flow both on the inner and outer side of the tube for heat exchange 13a. The emulsified fuel Ia outside the heat exchange tube 13a is preheated to a certain temperature by means of a heat exchanger with a preheating source means and is sent to the evaporator 14 via the pump 13b. Within the evaporator 14 that is provided is a plurality of generator tubes 14a, 14b, 14c for the flow of preheated emulsified fuel lia. On the other hand, the emulsified fuel is heated by a medium with a heat source surrounding the generator tubes 14a, 14b, 14c, the medium with a heat source is steam heated, for example, which is provided from a equipment for the supply of hot steam 16 by means of a pipe 16a, and the medium for the heat source whose temperature is reduced, is discharged through a pipe 16b. Thus, the emulsified fuel within the generator tubes 14a, 14b, 14c boils until it evaporates and is then sent to the separator 15 via the pipe 14d. The emulsified fuel lla that is fed to the separator 15 is separated into the water content (steam) and heavy oil fuel. The content of water separated from the emulsified fuel Ia in the separator 15 is sent to the preheater 13 by means of the pipe 15a in the form of hot water or steam which is used as a source of pre-heating which flows in the tube of the exchanger of heat 13a of the preheater 13 and, after the temperature decreases, it is discharged out of the system by means of the pipe 15b.

It should be noted that the excess water that remains after the separated water is used as a source of pre-heating, it is extracted from the system by means of a valve 15c and the pipe 15d, and used as atomization steam, etc. Also, the heavy oil fuel to which the water content in the separator 15 has been separated is taken out of the system by means of a pipe 15e and the pump 17 to be burned in a combustion system (a boiler, for example ) that has main equipment, such as a tank, a burner, etc., that are not shown in the Figure. In order to make effective use of the heat input amount of the medium as the heat source which is fed into the evaporator 14, a type of heat regeneration is used in which the water content separated from the emulsified fuel, in the separator 15, is introduced into the preheater 13 as a bore for the preheating source so that its heat source is used repeatedly, and a design of the construction consisting of a preheater 13, an evaporator 14, etc. is used, that has this heating area as compact as possible. In the prior art evaporator system described below, it is essential to operate it in such a way that a high efficiency water separation is obtained while providing maximum thermal efficiency, a better design of compact size of equipment and machinery and a value Always constant predetermined water content in the heavy oil emulsified fuel that is obtained after separation. However, in the aforementioned combustion system (boiler, etc.) to burn the separated heavy oil fuel, the useful amount of heavy oil fuel used in it is not always constant but varies inevitably corresponds to the change of the load in the boiler, etc. For example, if the average flow of the emulsified fuel increases from a certain flow rate, since the system is a closed loop, the amount of medium for the preheating source from the pipe 15a does not increase rapidly resulting in the reduction of the output temperature of the preheater and the change in the conditions of the operation. Thus, when the quantity of emulsified fuel (hereinafter referred to as a "charge") is sent to the preheater 13 from the tank 11 changes, because the system employs a type of heat regeneration, a delay occurs in the delivery and reception of the heat. heat and the temperature in each portion changes, which results in the content of the water in the emulsified fuel after separation is not constant, and as a measure that counteracts this, a considerable separation is provided in the design of the area of heating in the heat exchange portion of each equipment and machinery. On the other hand, there is a mixture of a small amount of light oil content in the water content separated in the separator 15 and the preheating source medium in which this mixed light oil content is used for the heat exchange in the preheater 13. When this means for the preheating source is discharged in a vapor (gas) state from the preheater 13, the content of light oil mixed therein in a vapor state rapidly condenses together with the water content so that the oil content is suspended in the water. Once the oil content in the water is suspended, it is difficult to separate it or remove it by means of an equipment for the general treatment of the oil content, draining it in rivers and similar drains, which can not be allowed anymore and which represents a obstacle in the operation of the evaporator system. In addition, if a pressure reducing action occurs in the separator 15, the water content in the emulsified fuel that is heated to an elevated temperature in the evaporator 14 rapidly flashes (vaporizes) and exits the heavy oil fuel of high consistency resulting in a state of bubbles in which the emulsified fuel surrounds the vapor gas. As a result of this, the volume of the fuel increases rapidly to fill the separator 15 or cause an overflow in the separation of the water content and in the extraction pipes, which deteriorates the performance of the water content separator quickly or a large amount of oil content It is downloaded outside the system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems mentioned above in the heavy oil emulsified fuel evapor system of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an operation method of a heavy oil emulsified fuel evapor system in the which the emulsified fuel of heavy oil, after preheating it in the preheater, is conducted to an evapor to be heated and then to a separ for the separation of its water content, and the water content, after it is separated, it uses a half cone for the preheating source for the preheater, wherein the separation of the water content at a predetermined level makes it possible to change the charge in the combustion equipment of the heavy oil emulsified fuel. Also, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil emulsified fuel evapor system in which the heavy oil emulsified fuel, after preheating in a preheater, is conducted to the evapor where it is heated and then to the separ for the separation of its water content, and the water content, after separating it, is used as a means for the preheating source for the preheater, where no light oil content is discharged together with the separated water content. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil emulsified fuel evapor system having a separ in which the heavy oil emulsified fuel which is heated in the evapor is conducted for the separation of the water content, this separ it is able to prevent the water content in the emulsified fuel from flowing rapidly and discharging out of the system. In order to achieve this objective to allow a constant, predetermined separation of the water content, the present invention provides a method of operating a heavy oil emulsified fuel evapor system, characterized in that the preheater outlet temperature or the inlet temperature of an evapor is controlled to be constant, the pressure in the pipe for the supply of the medium of the preheating source to drive the medium of the preheating source in a preheater is controlled so that it is constant and the difference The temperature of the evapor is controlled so that it is constant. In the case of a change in the load, the average flow of the emulsified fuel flowing to the preheater increases or decreases, and the temperature, pressure and flow average of each of the aforementioned portions changes in correspondence thereto, but by employing the method of control of the aforementioned operation of the present invention, the rapid change in the exit and inlet temperature of the evapor and the pressure of the medium for the preheating source in the pipeline are avoided, in such a way that It is deleted in a slow change. As a result of this, the change in the water content remaining in the heavy oil emulsified fuel after the separation of its water content is avoided, and even in the case of a load change, the operation to control the content of Water at a substantially constant and stable level is also possible in the entire evapor system.

In the evapor system in which this method of operation is applied, it is desirable to employ a construction for storing emulsified fuel in an amount that can be increased, while preheating, in the preheater or between the preheater and the evapor. With this construction where the emulsified fuel with a constant temperature of an amount that can be increased is stored, even in the case of a change in charge, the emulsified fuel of a predetermined temperature can be supplied at the inlet of the evapor and the Water content in the heavy oil emulsified fuel separated by this means can be maintained at a constant predetermined value. As well, in order to achieve this aspect of not downloading any of the light oil content together with the water content, the present invention provides a heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system which is characterized in that the preheater for preheating the emulsified fuel heavy oil whose water content is to be separated, is constructed with a first heat exchanger using steam as a means for preheating source and having a level switch and a second heat exchanger communicating with the first exchanger by means of a flow control valve and using hot water as a means for the preheating source so that the heavy oil emulsified fuel to be preheated flows into the first heat exchanger from the second heat exchanger. According to this evaporator system of the present invention, a heat exchanger so that the middle of the source for preheating is steam and hot water at an elevated temperature in the first preheater and the hot water it is used high temperature and hot water at a low temperature in the second preheater, therefore the evaluation of the heat transfer characteristics in the respective preheater is facilitated. Thus, by using UGL heat exchanger mainly for steam and a heat intercalator mainly for hot water, an individual design with high precision is possible and a structure of compact size and reduction in costs can be achieved. pipe where the level of hot water in the preheater is detected and controlled, the control operation that causes a small volume of hot water to flow can be carried out easily, so that the flow velocity of the medium for the preheating source, in the steam state, does not reach the critical speed. According to this control operation, a suspended state of light oil content in the medium for the preheating source can be avoided, whereby a subsequent removal of the oil content by the usual equipment for the separation of the oil can easily be done. oily water and it becomes possible to drain this water in rivers and similar drainage locations. Also, in order to achieve the objective of preventing the water content in the emulsified fuel from flowing rapidly in the separator and discharging out of the system, the present invention provides a heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system characterized in that the separator e which the emulsified heavy oil fuel, after heating, driving, having a plurality of opening portions in the direction up and down in its side walls and is provided a transmitter for transmitting a sound wave and a receiver for receiving the sound waves, in the open portions. By using the separator constructed in this way, the phenomenon of generation of bubbles in the separator can be detected in continuous advance, so that the discharge of the heavy oil emulsified fuel out of the system due to saturation can be avoided. Also, an effect of removal or control of the foam can be expected by the expanded energy of the sound wave.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing a construction of an evaporator system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a graph showing a relationship between the difference in temperature at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator and the water content in the heavy oil emulsified fuel after the separation of its water content. Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the construction of an evaporator system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view showing a construction of an evaporator system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is an explanation view showing a construction of a separator that is used for an evaporator system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of Figure 5. Figure 7 is a view of a d agrarial showing a construction of the prior art evaporator system.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Below, a specific description will be made of an evaporator system for heavy oil emulsified fuel according to the present invention, as well as the method for operating the same, based on the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 6. It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, a part of the same construction as shown in Figure 7 is denoted by the same number in order to simplify the explanation. (First embodiment) First, an embodiment of the method of operation of a separator system according to the present invention will be described, with reference to Figure 1. In Figure 1, number 21a, 21b and 21c , respectively, designates a temperature sensor and the number 23a designates a pressure sensor. In the pipe 15a there is provided a valve for flow control, for introducing a separate water content to the preheater 13 from the separator 15 and the valve for the flow control 21b is provided in a pipe for introducing steam into the pipe 15a from an auxiliary steam source that is not shown in the figure. Also, the valve for flow control 21c is provided in line 15d and the valve for flow control 21d in a line 16a. On the other hand, the temperature sensor 22a is provided in the pipe 13b either at the outlet of the preheater 13 or at the inlet of the evaporator 14 and the temperature sensor 22b is placed in the pipe 14d. Also, a pressure sensor 23a is provided in the pipe 15a. The other construction is substantially the same as that of the evaporator system shown in Figure 7. The valve for flow control 21a, which controls the average of the water content (steam) flow as a medium for the source of water. preheating that separates in the separator 15 and is introduced in the preheater 13, it is opened and closed by means of the signal from the temperature sensor 22a which is placed either in the outlet of the preheater 13 or in the inlet of the evaporator 14 so that the average for controlling the flow of the medium for the preheating source flows in the preheater 13 to a constant level of the outlet temperature of the preheater 13 or of the inlet temperature of the evaporator 14. In addition, the valve for the flow control 21d is opened and closed by means of the signal from the temperature sensor 22b which is placed at the outlet of the evaporator 14 so as to control the average steam flow at a constant level. predetermined temperature of the evaporator outlet temperature 14. On the other hand, the valve for controlling the flow 21b receives the signal from the pressure sensor 23a in the pipe 15a, through which the medium for the preheating source flows, and regulates the average flow of the vapor medium from the auxiliary steam source (not shown), so as to maintain constant the pressure in the pipe 15a . Also, the valve for flow control 21c controls the average flow that is drawn from the separate steam system, such as the medium of the preheat source generated in the separator 15 and flowing in the pipe 15a so as to maintain a high pressure. constant in the pipe 15a. As mentioned above, the exit temperature of the preheater 13 (or the inlet temperature of the evaporator 14) is detected and the valve for flow control 21a is opened and closed in such a way as to maintain this constant temperature, therefore controls the average flow of the medium for the preheating source at the inlet of the preheater 13. In addition, the pressure in the pipe for the supply of the medium for the preheating source is detected by means of a pressure sensor 23a and, based on to the signal from the pressure sensor 23a, the valves for flow control 21b and 21c open and close, so as to maintain the pressure constant. Thus, with a constant supply of medium pressure for the preheating source and the constant inlet temperature of the evaporator 14, the control operation is facilitated. In the control state of the operation with the constant inlet temperature of the evaporator 14, the outlet temperature of the evaporator 14 is controlled at a predetermined temperature, as can be seen in the temperature relationship shown in Figure 2, this Control of the operation is carried out to control the water content in the emulsified heavy oil fuel at a desired value and also the stable and constant operation of the whole system is made possible. Further, in the case of a change in the load, the average emulsified fuel flow flowing to the preheater 13 is increased or reduced and the temperature, pressure and average flow in each of the aforementioned portions change in relation to this, but by employing the method for control operations as mentioned above, the rapid change in the inlet temperature and the exit temperature of the evaporator 14 and the pressure of the medium for the preheat source in the pipe 15 a is prevented from way that is deleted in a slow change. As a result of this, the change in the water content remaining in the heavy oil fuel is avoided after its water content is separated, and even in the case of a change in the load, the operation for the control of the Water content at a substantially constant and stable level becomes possible in the entire evaporator system as well. (Second embodiment) Next, the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 3. In Figure 3, the number 31 designates a buffer tank, which is placed in the middle of a pipe 13b to drive the emulsified fuel to the evaporator 14 from the preheater 13. Alternatively, instead of the buffer tank 31, a preheater of a structure such that the outer volume of the heat exchanger tube 13a (a portion where the emulsified fuel flows) in the preheater 13 is a amount that can be increased, wherein the term "quantity that can be increased" is defined as an amount of emulsified fuel equivalent to one hour or more of supply in the evaporator 14 over a range of time while changes in the load occur. Another construction different from the previous one, is substantially equal to the evaporator system shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7. In this emulsified fuel evaporator system shown in Figure 3, the emulsified fuel of a quantity that can be increase, which has been preheated, in a controlled manner, at a predetermined temperature, it can be stored in advance, in a buffer tank 31 or in a preheater 13. In the case of a change in the load, for example an increase in the load, in the combustion system (boiler or something similar) to burn the separated heavy oil, the rotation of the pump 12 is increased, to increase the amount of emulsified fuel that is supplied in the preheater 13, that is, the average flow of the emulsified fuel that is introduced into the evaporator system of emulsified heavy oil fuel, and since the emulsified fuel of a predetermined temperature is stored in an amount that can be increased, the temperature of the emulsified fuel flowing to the inlet of the evaporator 14 is kept constant within the time range of the change of cargo. Thus, simply by controlling the average steam heating flow, as a means for the heating source that is supplied in the evaporator 14, such that the outlet temperature of the evaporator 14 is maintained at a predetermined level, it can be Easily achieve this operation that is capable of supplying the heavy oil fuel, which has a predetermined amount of water after the separation of its water content, this means, that the heavy oil fuel has a predetermined amount of water unrelated with the increase or reduction of the average heavy oil fuel flow that is supplied in the combustion system, together with the relationship shown in Figure 2. In the evaporator system of the second embodiment as mentioned above, The emulsified fuel of a predetermined temperature, in an amount that can be increased, is stored in a buffer tank. 31 or in the preheater 13, so that even in this operation it is not possible to avoid an operation in the change of load or in the operating state within a time range while increasing or decreasing the amount of emulsified fuel that is supplied in the preheater 13, the inlet temperature of the evaporator 14 is kept constant at all times and by controlling the outlet temperature of the evaporator 14 at a predetermined temperature, the water content in the heavy oil fuel after the separation of its water content it can be easily controlled at a predetermined value. (Third embodiment) Then, the emulsified fuel evaporator system of the third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 4. In this evaporator system of the third embodiment, the preheater 41 and 42 in two stages or more are placed in place of the preheater 13 in Figure 1. It should be noted that the preheaters 41 and 42 can be a simple unit of preheater or a parallel arrangement of a plurality of parts. Also, the level switch 44a and the control valve 44b of the medium for the preheating source are placed in the preheater 41. The preheaters 41 and 42 have a heating area and a structure that provides the following functions in terms of characteristics of heating. That is, an operation is controlled such that the water level of the medium for the preheating source in the preheater 41 is controlled by the control valve 44b which is opened and closed by a signal from the level switch 44a of Thus, the means for the preheating source of the steam state can not be introduced into the next preheater 42 from the preheater 41. As a result of this, the steam from the medium for the separate preheat source in the separator 15 that is sent to the preheater enters first the heat exchanger tube 41a in the preheater 41 to change to the state of hot water, from the state of steam (gas), through the exchange of heat, with the emulsified fuel that surrounds it and then it is introduced in a heat exchanger tube 42a of the next preheater 42, so as to preheat the emulsified fuel and discharge it out of the system by means of the pipeline 15b. In the separated steam as the medium of the separate preheating source in the separate 15, a light oil content is mixed and if it is the case in which it happens that the flow velocity in the pipe has increased by several tens m / s more or has reached the critical speed, the light oil content is suspended in the hot water that is discharged out of the system from the preheater so that it is difficult to remove it from the drain by means of the usual equipment for the separation of the water and oil drainage into rivers and similar places becomes impermissible. On the other hand, if a simple preheater is used, the heat must be used in such a way that the medium for the preheating source changes to a state of water heated at a low temperature from a state of high temperature steam in a single preheater , but because the amount of heat exchanged changes in proportion to the amount of emulsified fuel flowing in the preheater, the position of a transition region varies between the state of steam and the state of hot water of the medium for the source of preheating.

While the heat transfer characteristics between steam and hot water are widely different from each other, if steam or hot water is not known as the source medium for preheating, an exact design of the heating area will be difficult, resulting, inevitably, in a design with a large concession, which gives an expanded structure and an increase in cost. On the contrary, in the third embodiment of the present, the heat exchanger is used so that the medium for the heating source is steam and hot water at a high temperature in the preheater 41 and the hot water at a temperature high and hot water at a low temperature in the preheater 42, so that the evaluation of the characteristics of the heat transfer in the respective preheater is facilitated. Thus, by using a heat exchange mainly for steam and a heat exchanger mainly for hot water, it becomes possible to achieve an individual design with high accuracy and a structure with compact size and cost reduction can be achieved. In addition, in the pipe system where the level of hot water in the preheater is detected and controlled, such as a control of the operation that causes a small volume of hot water to flow in such a way that the speed of the water can easily be made. flow of the medium for the preheating source in the vapor state is not 10 or more or does not reach a critical speed. That is, an operation control is made in such a way that the speed in the pipe increases several tens of m / s or less, a suspended state of light oil content in the middle of the preheating source can be avoided, it can be done The subsequent removal of the oil content by means of the usual equipment to separate the oily water, and the drainage in rivers and similar drainage source becomes possible. (Fourth embodiment) The fourth embodiment shown in Figures 5 and 6, will be described below. Figures 5 and 6 show only one separator 15 that is used for an evaporator system of the present invention. The separator 15 shown in Figure 5 has a structure in which a transmitter 51 and receivers 52a, 52b and 52c are placed in open portions on each side thereof. This transmitter 51 and receivers 52a, 52b and 52c can also be provided in a plurality of combinations thereof. If a pressure reducing action occurs in the separator 15, the water content in the emulsified fuel heated to a high temperature in the evaporator flows rapidly (vaporizes) rapidly and out of the vicinity of the heavy oil fuel of high consistency , result in a state of bubbles in which the heavy oil fuel surrounds the gas jet. The sound wave is transmitted from the transmitter 51 in the open portion on one side of the container and is received by the receivers 52a, 52b and 52c placed up and down in the open portions on the opposite wall. When the sound wave passes in the separator 15, there is a difference in the speed at which it passes through the air and the heavy oil fuel and the vapor in the emulsified fuel and these differences in the wave reception time of the Sound is measured and processed by a measuring device and a computing device (not shown). In a normal operating state, the emulsified fuel is completely separated in the water content (steam) and the heavy oil fuel in the separator and substantially only the steam remains in a range where the sound wave is projected from the transmitter 51 resulting in a constant reception time. Conversely, if bubbles are present, the heavy oil fuel increases at the vapor site which results in variations in the time of reception of the sound wave. A) Yes, a continuous prior detection of the phenomenon of generation of bubbles in an abnormal operation is possible and the discharge of heavy oil fuel out of the system due to an overload or flood can be avoided. In addition, by expanding the energy of the sound wave, the effect of removal or removal of foam can also be expected. As described above, according to the operating method of the heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system of the present invention, the preheater outlet temperature or the inlet temperature of the evaporator is controlled constantly, the pressure in the pipe for the supply of the medium of the preheating source to drive the medium for the preheating source in the preheater is controlled constantly and the temperature difference between the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the evaporator is controlled constantly , therefore even in the case of a change in the load, variations in the water content in the heavy oil fuel can be avoided after the separation of the water content. Also, in this method of operation, the construction is used for storage of the pre-heated emulsified fuel of an amount that can be increased in the preheater or between the preheater and the evaporator, therefore even in the case of a change in the load, the Emulsified fuel of a predetermined temperature can be supplied at an inlet of the evaporator and the water content in the heavy oil fuel can be maintained at a predetermined value easily. In addition, the present invention provides a heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system in which the preheater, for preheating the heavy oil emulsified fuel whose water content is to be separated, is constructed with a first heat exchanger using steam as a means for the preheating source and has a level switch and a second heat exchanger communicated with the first exchanger by means of a valve for flow control and which uses hot water as the medium for the preheating source so that the heavy oil emulsified fuel to be preheated flows into the first heat exchanger from the second heat exchanger. In this evaporator system, the heat exchanger, which is the preheater, is divided into the first heat exchanger using steam and hot water as the medium of the preheating source and the second heat exchanger uses only hot water as the heat exchanger. medium for the preheating source, so it becomes easy to evaluate the characteristics of the heat transfer and the high accuracy design is possible. In addition, the level of hot water in the preheater is controlled, so that the content of light oil in the middle of the source is prevented for preheating to become a suspended state. Also, the present invention provides an evaporator system that employs a separator that has a transmitter to transmit a sound wave and a receiver to receive the sound wave, so the phenomenon of generation of bubbles in the separator can be detected continuously , in such a way that the discharge of the heavy oil fuel out of the system due to saturation can be avoided. It is understood that the invention is not limited to a particular construction and the arrangement thereof that is illustrated and described, but encompasses the modified forms that are included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (4)

1. An operating method of a heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system wherein the heavy oil emulsified fuel, after it is preheated in a preheater, is conducted to an evaporator for heating and then to a separator for separation its content of water and water content, once separated, is used as a means for the preheating source for the preheater, characterized in that the outlet temperature of the preheater or the inlet temperature of the evaporator is controlled constantly, the pressure in the pipe for the supply of the medium of the preheating source to drive the medium from the preheating source to the preheater is constantly monitored and the temperature difference of the outlet temperature in relation to the inlet temperature to the evaporator is controlled from constant form.

2. The method of operation of the heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator system in which the method of operation is applied is used in a construction for storage of the emulsified fuel, in an amount which can increase, as preheated, in the preheater or between the preheater and the evaporator.

3. The heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system in which the heavy oil emulsified fuel, after it is preheated in the preheater, is led to an evaporator to be a heater and then to a separator for the separation of its water content and the water content, after separation, is used as the source medium for preheating, in the preheater, characterized in that the preheater is constructed from a first heat exchanger using steam as a means for the preheating source and has a level switch and a second heat exchanger communicated with the first heat exchanger by means of a valve for flow control and using hot water as a means for the preheating source so that the oil-heavy emulsified fuel that is going to heat flows to the first heat exchanger from the second heat exchanger.

4. The heavy oil emulsified fuel evaporator system in which the heavy oil emulsified fuel, after it is preheated in the preheater, is led to the evaporator to be heated and then to the separator for the separation of its water content and the water content, after separation, is used as the medium for the preheating source, characterized in that the separator has a plurality of open portions in an upward and downward direction in the side wall and a transmitter is provided for transmitting the wave of sound and a receiver to receive the sound wave, in the portions of the opening.