MXPA98008057A - Body formed with impregn wood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to: A body formed of wood is impregnated with a biologically degradable polymer and / or a solid natural resin or a drying oil (hardener). Waxes, fats, salts and / or flame inhibiting agents can also be added to the impregnating agent. The formed body is preheated to a temperature of 100-150 ° C, optionally placed under vacuum and immersed in the melt formed with the impregnating composition. There it remains, preferably under an overpressure of 3-20, especially 8-12, for 15-120 preferably 30-90 minutes, it is removed from the melt and this melt is removed from its surface and cooled.

Description

BODY FORMED WITH IMPREGNATED WOOD DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a body formed of impregnated whole wood. Since ancient times wood has been impregnated with different substances, preferably against fungi and insects, to reduce absorption or improve the swelling characteristics, for example with tar oil (for wood floors), paraffin and waxes, or with mixtures of mountain wax and solutions of synthetic resins (alkyd resins), the problem being the removal of the solvent (for example trichlorethylene) from the impregnated whole wood. Wood has been impregnated with lubricating oil for the preparation of support discs. Especially for dimensional stabilization and increased hardness, it is better to impregnate with phenolic or urea formaldehyde resins, however these only retard but do not prevent swelling, but if they cause a reduction in tensile strength, therefore only they are used for wood veneers, which will eventually be used later as pressed materials in layers.

Furthermore, the combination of wood with urea formaldehyde resin, and also with other synthetic substances, leads to duroplastic materials which, after their formation and subsequent transverse crosslinking, can not be deformed thermoplastically, and are no longer biologically degradable and therefore HFF .: 28126 therefore represent waste problems. It is also known to impregnate wood veneers with dyes and polyethylene- or polypropylene glycol as well as with aqueous solutions of starches, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinyl acetate for the manufacture of laminated bodies or layers formed by individual wood veneers bonded together (JP-A54 -117004 or JP-A55-034931) but also the impregnation of only wooden edges before the fixing of edges required for the process of detachment of the wood veneers, and this is again with aqueous solutions of starches, gelatin, acetate of polyvinyl, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, resole, melamine or urea resins, monomers such as esters of methacrylic acids, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylamide or acrylonitrile etc. (JP-154-026317). It has also been known to impregnate wood porous mineral materials with an aqueous solution of polyvinyl acetate under vacuum and the subsequent use of a slight overpressure, eventually adding waxes and / or biocides (FR-A2505187). Other printed publications also deal with the impregnation of wooden parts by means of polymerizable or crosslinkable synthetic resins, biologically non-degradable or linseed oil, frequently in the form of solutions, with the disadvantages attributed, to these belong in particular DE-A1 -3942136, FR-A-2647388, JP-A-6071614, JP-54 057 732, 094/11167, US-A-1991752, SU-A1-1701521, JP-A-1174401, SU-A-1288063 and NL -A-23392. All these methods for the manufacture of impregnated wood bodies have the disadvantage that the removal of the solvent used (also water) on the one hand is slow and requires a significant energy expenditure, on the other hand it still leaves a porous formed body, although less what before The invention therefore has proposed the task of producing a body formed of biologically degradable impregnated whole wood, whose pores are filled as completely as possible, and which can be produced comparatively easily and without special subsequent treatment, and which exceeds the disadvantages of current synthetic and substantial combinations in relation to biodegradability and thermoplasticity. This task is solved for the first time surprisingly according to the invention because the formed body is impregnated with a biologically degradable thermoplastic polymer without the addition of a solvent, and / or with at least one of the following substances: a natural resin, preferably solid, optionally up to 50 ° C; a drying or semi-drying oil (hardener); a fatty acid ester having cross-crosslinking properties (such as drying oils). As a natural resin, a monomer from the talol, spruce, copal resin group is used; but also balsamic resin or tallow oil; as oil, especially linseed oil or aerated wood (pre-oxidized), possibly with the addition of a drying agent; as a satic acid ester, especially that obtained during the transformation of tallow oil into tallow resin. According to the invention, polymers, natural resins, oils or fatty acid esters must be selected, especially those which, at the application temperature, are liquid, and preferably do not attack the wood. Especially preferred are substances which, under the temperature at which they attack wood, are comparatively low viscosity. The technician will select a mixture of impregnation agents and required additives such that in the whole wood to be impregnated, eventually using vacuum and / or pressure, the desired degree of penetration according to its porosity within the calculated time is obtained. With the concept "attack" in the sense of the invention, the modification of properties, especially color, should be understood; decomposition by chemical reaction, especially with extreme changes in the pH value; swelling or contraction (as long as they are not desired); Pore formation, etc. It is clear that certain thermoplastic materials according to the invention may be suitable for impregnating certain types of wood, and for others not, for example in dark wood, slight discolorations may be acceptable; certain woods may be less sensitive than others to certain changes in pH value, etc. In recent years, due to discussions about the environment, many different biologically degradable materials have been developed based on natural substances as well as fossil sources, many of which show up to a certain hydrophilic nature and like many natural substances and especially also wood, are in position to absorb and expel water. These materials contain correspondingly contain a fraction of water determined by the environmental humidity and therefore more suitable for the combination than the synthetic substances in the sense that concerns us. Its hydrophilic nature also facilitates the introduction into the matrix of the wood, which does not completely cancel out the properties of the wood but complements it. As biologically degradable polymers, the following substances can be exemplified: polyhydroxybutyric acids, polycaprolactones, polylactic acids, polyester based on diols and dicarboxylic acids, polyamides, polyurethanes, naturally-modified natural polymers, such as, for example, cellulose acetates. Other additives are used, for example different fats, oils, waxes but also lignin or alcohols, especially for natural resins, oils or fatty acid esters, to obtain certain properties in the bodies formed of whole wood impregnated already finished, without Essentially limit thermoplasticity or biodegradability. In particular, hardened or modified animal and vegetable fats can also be used, for example hydrated vegetable fats, epoxidized oils, suardas, tallow but also salts of different fatty acids such as, for example, stearic acid, behen acid, laurinic acid, etc. Finally, different salts can also be used, such as, for example, phosphates, borates, sulphates, chlorides, silicates, which are applied with the melt on the wood structure. They have a positive influence on the reduction of swelling and contraction, but also have a fire inhibitory and / or fungicidal effect. Also glycerin is used as a "solvent", plasticizer or moisture retainer; alkaline or alkaline earth metal resinates have a drying effect, but also wetting agents and emulsifiers and thus promote the penetration of the resin into the wood. Some resins are preferred in combination with waxes and / or a drying oil, which at room temperature are either hard or solid and even brittle, however at higher temperatures, they soften and preferably also have a reduction in viscosity, so that the application can be made at temperatures at which the wood does not suffer damage or only very reduced. The fragility of some of the mentioned substances is compensated by means of a fine distribution in the matrix of the wood. The viscosity of the impregnating composition at the application temperature should be less than 20 dPAs, advantageously less than 10 dPas (the viscosity of glycerin at room temperature), especially less than 1 dPas (the water at room temperature has a viscosity of O.OldPas). While the porous ones in the whole wood are of a size in the order of μm, the resins or polymers according to the invention have a size of some nm. The smaller the molecules, the faster and deeper they enter the wood. The largest particles, especially the polymer particles, penetrate only the upper layers of the surface under the temperature and duration of treatment; but this offers the advantage that the surface properties of the body formed according to the invention are improved, in particular with regard to hardness and optics (for example polishing) without adversely affecting the thermoplastic deformability. This prevents diffusion of smaller molecules at higher temperatures from the inside. As waxes, those of natural origin are preferred, such as, for example, carnauba wax, beeswax or mountain wax. The waxes show even more advantageous preparation conditions, such as mostly low melting temperatures and a greater reduction in viscosity with increasing temperature. The combination of wax and resin shows good preparation properties and in the final product, since the annoying property of cheap balsam resins, from sticking to room temperature, is compensated for by the use of waxes. On the other hand, with slightly elevated application temperatures the waxes tend to exude, which is also avoided by means of the natural resins present in the mixture. Flaxseed and wood oils before "drying" (hardening by polymerization) are liquid at room temperature, the viscosity being reduced further by increasing the temperature. In flaxseed oil at room temperature present a viscosity of 90 dPAs shows a temperature increase of only 30 ° C, a reduction in viscosity to 15 dPas. This reduced viscosity combined with a reduced molecular size, since it is first a monomer, greatly supports the impregnation process. The combination of these oils with resin allows the manufacture of shaped bodies similar to linoleum in a natural wood matrix. In order to catalytically accelerate the polymerization reaction (drying) of the oils used, so-called metal soaps based on one or several metals are used as a drying material (in combination, especially cobalt, zinc and manganese resinates, octoates, linolates and naphthenates). Surprisingly in the combination of partially hydrophilic thermoplastics and hydrophilic duroplastic wood, it was obtained products, formed parts or materials in which the characteristic properties of the wood were not lost, especially in regard to the absorption and water ejection, biodegradation, as well as the excellent mechanical properties known.The properties of wood such as thermoplasticity, better surface and in some cases rapidity in biodegradation were improved; with which completely new fields of application are opened for those formed parts. The swelling and contraction of the wood is a property that substantially limits its application in many cases, and by the method according to the invention it is reduced by at least 50%. This reduces the costly measures in the preparation, for example multiple glueings, connections with tongues and grooves and the consideration of expansion joints. The higher the temperature selected for the impregnation of the whole wood parts, and the better the vacuum before impregnation or the higher the pressure of air, gas or steam that is applied during or after impregnation, faster and the penetration of the thermoplastic materials into the wood matrix is completely realized. Wood of different types can be used for the manufacture of shaped bodies. If you work with hard or soft wood, with wood parts of very thin or thick walls, it depends mainly on the requirements of the final product. For example, eucalyptus and poplar wood are used as fast-growing loggers, mostly for cellulose production or energy suppliers. Its rapid growth only produces a low overall and superficial hardness. By means of the treatment according to the invention, the woods can be used for higher value applications, for example in the field of floors and windows and thus replace valuable natural woods, which are therefore more expensive and less and less available. A good example for the improvement of the durability of the wood is also the beech, which can be easily impregnated with the described melts and thus an essential improvement of the durability, the stability and also the resistance against microorganisms is obtained. Wood by nature is very little thermoplastic. The bodies formed according to the invention, on the other hand, can be subjected to the usual technical thermoplastic deformations such as stamping, cutting, bending, modeling, in an equally simple manner, to common plastic parts. This thermoplastic deformation is carried out without destroying the internal structure of the wood, in such a way that in certain cases it remains unchanged until the grain of the wood. By selecting the type and quantity of materials and additives, as well as the process parameters such as temperature and pressure, the properties of the bodies formed of whole wood according to the invention can be varied over wide ranges. This is, for example, the rate of biological degradation, which can be further reduced compared to wood, for example by the use of slow-degrading materials such as cellulose acetate. But also the specific weight of the formed parts can be modified over a wide range. This ranges from a very light impregnation of light wood (density 0.2t / m3) to a wood matrix completely impregnated with approximately 1.5 t / m. A frequently desired effect, especially on soft wood parts, is the drastic increase in surface hardness due to the introduction of a material according to the invention into the wood matrix, so that the woods are naturally suitable in turn. for high value floors. To overcome the disadvantage of the high flammability of the wood parts impregnated with resins, waxes and possibly oils, fire-inhibiting agents, such as, for example, ammonium phosphate and zinc borate, are added in the melts for impregnation. solvent glycerin. One possible way of proceeding would be the complete immersion of the metal part, preferably previously subjected to vacuum, in the molten material, and the immediate application of an overpressure, which leads essentially more quickly to the desired result of a complete distribution and uniform of the material in the wooden matrix. Another improvement of the impregnation process can be obtained by drying the body formed of whole wood, with which the liquid material can be absorbed into the deeper layers of wood that were previously occupied by water molecules. The formed pieces thus obtained can be worked as wood, with the additional property of the thermoplastic deformability, although it can be easily discarded thanks to the biological degradability. For the finished parts that are evenly thermoplastically deformed, another field of application opens up. To the fields of application of packaging, furniture construction, flooring, construction of vehicles and wood, interior construction, toys can be added many examples. Example 1: A soft wood plate 120 mm long, 80 mm wide and 25 mm thick with a density of 420 kg / m3 is heated to 150 ° C and immersed in low molecular weight polycaprolactone from Union Carbide, heated to 150 ° C; meanwhile a sub-pressure is applied for 15 minutes. The plate is then taken from the melt and placed for 30 minutes in a pressure chamber under a gas pressure of 10 bar, to allow the biologically degradable polymer material to penetrate the deep layers of the wood. The plate can be permanently deformed at 170 ° C, to which water vapor helps. Example 2: Talol resin (Sacotanmr 85 from the Krems Chemie company, softening temperature 80-85 ° C) is placed in an open container, melted at a temperature of 155 ° C. In this hot molten resin, wooden parts with a length of 250 mm, width of 80 mm, and thickness of 15 mm are introduced. This immersion is carried out in a perforated basket, which separates the individual timbers, in such a way that the total surface of each piece of wood is surrounded by liquid resin, the pairs of wood are kept below the level of the liquid, and it is possible to extract them from the hot molten resin. After introducing the logs it subsequently initiates the heating of the moisture contained in the wooden parts and removing the contained air. This process lasts approximately 15 minutes, during which the temperature of the resin solution at 150 ° C is maintained. The container is then closed and a gas pressure of 9 bar is applied, which must cause the resin to penetrate the deep layers of the wood. After 1 hour of pressure application, it is removed and the impregnated timbers are removed from a resin still liquid (125 ° C). The amount of resin taken during the treatment can be determined by differential weighing: The resin is omogually strung in a wood matrix. The wood was adequate to undergo the classic wood preparation procedures. The changes in color due to the attack of temperature and the influence of the resin (modification of the light scattering when filling the hollow spaces) of the wood are differentiated according to the type of wood, but can be determined in each type of wood. The piece of wood impregnated finished (brushed) is judged as still a little sticky. When introducing the dried wood but still with a residual humidity of approximately 10% in the molten resin, a certain foam formation was observed caused by the evaporation of the residual water and the extraction of the excessive air, which is not different from a "process of frying "in the food industry. This behavior can be reduced or eliminated completely, when preferably before introducing the pieces of wood into the molten resin, a sub-pressure is applied to the treatment vessel and / or the pieces of wood are heated previously. Example 3: Maintaining the test conditions according to example 2, mainly the wood used was heated to approximately 150 ° C before introducing it into the molten resin. This causes on the one hand the pre-drying of the wood and on the other hand with the temperature the air contained in the wood is expelled. The wood previously treated in this way did not show foam formation or only very reduced, and the pressure vessel asked to close immediately after the introduction of the wood. The fear that this drying drying process could reduce the amount of resin applied could not be proven. The determined application rates were almost identical to those of Example 2. Example 4: To minimize the coloration of the wood by means of the heat treatment, a balsam resin was used which began to soften at 60-65 ° C and at 115 ° C It has a lower viscosity. The wood was treated for one hour at 115 ° C and introduced at the same temperature to the molten resin. A short treatment time of only 15 minutes, at 15 bar pressure, clearly reduced the coloration of the wood. The amount of resin applied corresponded broadly to the data of Example 2. However, somewhat uncomfortable was that the pieces of wood impregnated with resin at room temperature are still somewhat sticky, which has to do with the low melting point of the resin of balsam. Example 5: As a negative example of the state of the art, the wood pieces described in Example 1 were impregnated under similar conditions to Example 2, however, only carnauba wax, or mountain wax (melting point: 75 ° C) was applied. of the signature Schlickum. The temperature of the melt was 155 ° C, the wood was previously dried for 60 minutes at 130 ° C; the temperature when extracting the wood was 120 ° C. The amount of impregnated wax corresponds approximately to that determined for the resin. In the heating tests of the wains charged with wax, an unpleasant fast reduction of the liquid wax of the wood matrix can be observed already at 80 ° C. Example 6: In order to minimize the still existing disadvantages of impregnation of the wood with pure wax or with pure resin, both materials were combined together. Surprisingly, the waxes and resins are unlimitedly combinable, they form a transparent melt between them that presents a point of ablation altogether. Nor are they separated from each other by cooling. 66% tallow resin (Sacotanmr85) and 34% mountain wax (Iscoblendmr 207 from Schlickum) melted together and had a softening temperature of approximately 80 ° C. The other conditions to impregnate the wood with this combination corresponded to the conditions presented in the other examples. The amount of impregnation was comparable with the values given in the table of example 2. The impregnated timbers thus obtained presented the positive properties of the variants only impregnated with resin or with wax. The sticky impression of wood impregnated only with resin could be avoided by the use of wax; On the other hand, the "melting-" of the woods impregnated with pure wax when the temperature was increased was decisively reduced.

Example 7: To accelerate the incomplete and delayed oxidation of flaxseed oil, resins or metal salts of different resin acids and other driers are used to improve the hardness properties. The raw material composition of the mixture of biologically degradable materials was 70% linseed oil, 14% zinc resinate, 15% rosin and 1% cobalt octoate. It was heated at 150 ° C until a clear solution was formed. The other working conditions of wood impregnation correspond to the previous tests. The purpose of this mixture of raw materials was to allow raw materials that are used to manufacture linoleum, still liquid or as thermoplastic materials, to penetrate into the wood matrix and thus combine the properties of the wood and the wood. linoleum or allow the linoleum to almost form on the wood. Example 8: A mixture of raw materials consisting of 30% linseed oil, 15% zinc resinate, 15% rosin, 20% carnauba wax and 19 biologically degradable polyester (Skygreenmr) and approximately 0.5% manganese resinate, is heated to 150 ° C, in such a way that a clear but colored solution is formed. The other application conditions correspond to example 2. The combination of raw materials gave a final product with the following properties: Continuous drying of linseed oil even when damaging the surface of the wood The fraction of resin and wax improve the hardness of the wood The wax fraction reduces the tackiness of linseed oil and resin. . The polyester remains mainly on the surface of the wood due to its macromolecular structure. The woods are examined in terms of their Brinell hardness vertically to the direction of the fibers in accordance with DIN EN 10003-1 and their flexural strength in accordance with DIN 52186: The impregnated wood pieces were placed in a press in which stamping plates previously heated to 140 ° C were already found. The press was closed slowly and held for 2 minutes at a press pressure of 50 bar, The parts thus formed had a 2 mm deep grid pattern stamped with a closed surface undisturbed and with no edges. In this way the thermoplastically shaped wood can be used for stair treads Example 9: To improve the penetration of the polyester and guarantee the possibility of impregnating longer timbers, the surface of the wooden pieces of this example, a little earlier The penetration depths were also drilled with the thinnest needles to a depth of approximately 3mm.The treatment conditions as well as the composition of raw materials corresponded to the previous example.The depths of penetration also of the high-weight thermoplastic materials molecular can be controlled in the same way by means of a perforation very The perforation can also be carried out in such a way that superficial damage is not observed macroscopically. With this possibility, the "impregnation of the wood" can also be carried out for essentially larger wood dimensions and for woods that are difficult to impregnate by nature. Example 10: If it is desired to impregnate the whole wood completely with thermoplastic materials, the pieces of whole wood are subjected to vacuum before impregnation: without maintaining the sub-pressure, proceed as in example 9, in which the mass is introduced described melt, to the vacuum impregnation vessel. Finally, an impregnation pressure of 9 bar at 150 ° C is maintained for 1 hour, whereby the molten mass is evenly distributed evenly inside the formed body. Example 11: If you do not want to impregnate the whole wood in a quantitative way but only modify the cell walls, and above all influencing the swelling and the contraction, but not modifying the hardness in an essential way, proceeds as follows: The conditions and the mixture of raw materials correspond to example 8. The untreated wood introduced in the The impregnation vessel is subjected to an air pressure of 4 bar before introducing the molten materials, and then it is continued without reducing the pressure as described in example 8. The pressing pressure was adjusted to 15 bar and the pressure was adjusted to 15 bar. kept for 100 minutes. The "pre-tensioning" of the parts under pressure causes that after the relaxation by the expulsion of the compressed air the liquid components of the raw materials are also expelled and therefore the filling of the hollow spaces is avoided. Mainly the cell walls are impregnated with the substances. A subsequent plastic deformation of the pieces of whole wood can be realized thanks to this in a still simpler way, especially when only the surface has yet to be shaped in another way, by means of stamping it is by penetration or compressing of certain determined parts. . Example 12: The combination of natural resin, wax and a biodegradable polyester is also preferably preferred, for example in the form of a polylactide. The impregnation melt consists of 65% of Erhazit 415 (Firma Kraemer), 25% of Isco-Blend 231 (Schlikum Firm) and 10% of EcoPLA (Firma Cargill). The impregnation compositions correspond to the previous examples. The polylactide is applied as a closed cover on the surface of the wood with only a reduced penetration depth (2 mm). Example 13: The so-called fixation of the wooden structure "Swollen" by the penetration of water and the simultaneous storage of thermoplastic materials in the structure of wood cells gives a tendency to swelling and contraction essentially reduced. To achieve this, the following procedure is selected: The pieces of wood are conditioned before their introduction into the melt in such a way that the so-called saturation point of the fibers is reached (water content according to the type of wood between 12 and 20% by weight of water). The composition of the melt corresponds to Example 9. The melting temperature is 140 degrees Celcius. The pieces of wood are introduced without pre-tempering quickly into the melt. The pressure vessel closes quickly, without losing significant amounts of water vapor. Then a pressure of 6 bar is immediately applied. This somewhat reduced process pressure is selected since the wood matrix, due to the presence of significant amounts of water, can easily deform (caking of the wood). After 120 minutes the wood is removed at the same temperature as the melt. During the extraction there is a strong expulsion of excess air, but above all of water vapor. By means of the simultaneous expulsion of water and substitution by thermoplastic materials and the fixation of the solidification that is a consequence of the state of swelling, the tendency of swelling and contraction of all types of wood examined (beech, alder, birch, maple) could be reduced ) at least 75%. It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention. Having described the invention as above it is claimed as property or content in the following:

Claims (9)

1. CLAIMS l.- A body formed of impregnated whole wood, characterized in that it is impregnated with at least one essentially solvent-free thermoplastic substance or mixture, which is either containing a biologically degradable polymer, a natural resin and / or an ester of higher fatty acids with polyvalent alcohols and which is solid up to 50 ° C, above 80 ° C it is liquid and at a temperature between approximately 115 and 155 ° C it has a viscosity of less than 20 dPas, advantageously less than 10 dPas, especially less than 1 dPas.
2. 2. Body formed according to claim 1, characterized in that the biologically degradable polymer is derived from the group of the following substances: polyhydroxybutyric acids, polycaprolactones, polylactic acids, polyester based on diols and dicarboxylic acids, polyamides, polyester urethanes; chemically modified natural polymers such as for example cellulose acetate.
3. 3. - Body formed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the natural resin is derived from the group of the following substances: tallow resin, fir resin, copal resin and balsamic resin.
4. 4. Body formed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty acid ester is obtained from the transformation of tallow oil to tallow resin.
5. 5. - Body formed according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the impregnating agent in addition to a drying or semi-drying oil (hardener), is special linseed oil or aerated wood (pre-oxidized), possibly with the addition of a drying agent.
6. 6. - Body formed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impregnating agent also contains at least one of the following substances: waxes, especially carnauba waxes, beeswax, mountain wax, lignin, higher alcohols, fats hardened or modified animals and vegetables, for example hydrated vegetable fats and epoxidized oils; suardas, tallow; salts of different fatty acids, such as, for example, stearic acid, behen acid, lauric acid; fire inhibiting agents, the latter eventually with the addition of small amounts of a solution promoter such as glycerin.
7. 7. - Body formed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impregnating composition consists of -10 to approx. 60% by weight of natural resin; - 10-40, preferably 15-35% by weight of wax; - 10-50, preferably 20-40% by weight of drying oil; - 0.25-20% by weight of drying agent, especially resinate, octoate, linolate and cobalt naphthenate, zinc and manganese; and - 10-30 preferably 15-25% by weight of a biologically degradable polymer.
8. 8. - Process for the manufacture of a body formed according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wooden part is eventually heated to a temperature of 100-150 ° C, immersed in the melt formed by the composition of impregnation and is subjected for 10-120, preferably 30-90 minutes under pressure and temperature, as well as subsequently removed from the melt, optionally this melt is removed superficially, and finally cooled.
9. 9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the mass melted with the piece of wood is placed under vacuum and / or subsequently subjected to an over-pressure of 1-100, especially 2-20 bar. 10. - Use of a body formed according to one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of thermoplastically deformable whole wood pieces. RBSUMEN A body formed of wood is impregnated with a biologically degradable polymer and / or a solid natural resin or a drying oil (hardener). Waxes, fats, salts and / or flame-inhibiting agents can also be added to the pregnant agent. The formed body is preheated to a temperature of 100-150 ° C, optionally placed under vacuum and immersed in the melt formed with the impregnating composition. There it remains, preferably under a low pressure of 3-20, in particular 8-12, for 15-120 preferably 30-90 minutes, it is removed from the melt and this melt is removed from its surface and cooled.