MXPA97009677A - Tires with high resistance reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pneumatic rim, characterized by a carcass or frame, having parallel strings, two lateral walls spaced apart by a certain distance, which, in the axial direction, determines the general width of the section of the rim, two tabs, around each of which the ends of the rope of the casing are turned upwards, from the inside to the outside, a tread band, disposed on the crown of the casing, a band structure, which is interposed in shape not circumferentially extensible, between the tread and the carcass, and layers or fabrics of the carcass, arranged on the side walls, between the two eyelashes and the crown of the carcass, this web structure has a width that is substantially equal to that of the tread and has the fabrics of the housing of an elastomeric fabric reinforced with metal cords, these metal cords are comprised of a plurality of filaments, which have a diameter that varies from 0.10 to 0.45 mm, each filament has a tensile strength of -2000xD + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament in millimeter

Description

TIRES WITH HIGH RESISTANCE REINFORCEMENT The present invention relates to ropes, fabrics or layers reinforced with ropes and radial tires for vehicles. Radial rims are those rims in which the strings of the layers or fabrics of the carcass or tire framework, which extend from one flange to the other, are placed substantially in radial planes. More particularly, the present invention relates to a structure of one or more fabrics formed of a cord-reinforced composite, having rubber, wherein, preferably, the structure is for rims, such as for a rim housing or a rim band. , in which at least one of the fabrics in the casing or band has the strings there oriented with respect to the direction of rotation of the rim. Reinforced elastomeric articles are well known in the art. For example, conveyor belts or the like, rims, etc., are constructed with textile and / or filament strings or cords of fine steel wire. In particular, the bands used in pneumatic tires are constructed of up to eight layers of fabrics with the rope reinforcement of adjacent fabrics being oriented with respect to the direction of movement of the rim, where it is desired to reinforce both the lateral direction and the direction of rotation of the rim. In addition, the cords made of multi-strand cords twisted from fine wire, with a simple cord construction having two or more filaments and a wrapping filament around to reinforce the cord structure, have also been known. In some cases, the reinforcement includes the use of single-strand ropes of multiple strands, which do not twist each other, but rather twist as a bundle or bundle (bundled ropes) to simplify the construction of the rope, as described in the assignee's patent No. 4,947,636, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The higher fatigue life requirements for tire compounds have resulted in ropes with smaller filament diameters that require more filaments in the rope to obtain the necessary strength. The fabric tire bands for passenger vehicles and rims for light trucks, have 2x0.255ST and 2 + 2x0.32-0.40ST cords, respectively. An example of the first construction is described in Register H1333 of the Statutory Invention of the Assignee, issued on July 5, 1994, this application is incorporated as a reference in its entirety, in which the multi-filament cords are described, such as the 2X0 .255ST. This designation means a rope of two (2) filaments with a diameter of 0.255 mm. An example of the 2 + 2x0.32-0.40ST string is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,242,001 of the Assignee, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This designation means a four (4) filament cord with a diameter of 0.32 - 0.40 mm (with two (2) filaments twisted into a shorter length of disposition than the other two (2) filaments). Multi-strand ropes, such as 2 + 2x0.32-0.40ST, have been found necessary to meet the increased resistance demands for tire tread compounds, typically used in light truck applications. Both of these strings are made of super tension (ST) steel, as defined below. Although rope designs incorporating super tensile steel (ST) have proven to be effective, there is a continuing need to develop lighter weight rope constructions with improved features, such as increased resistance to corrosion propagation and Improved performance of the rim, in recent constructions of high tension and super tension. The rope constructions described, have not found use, generally, in larger rims, such as off-road tires (OTR), because they are not strong enough. Even with the arrival of high-voltage filaments, such as the 2 + 2z rope of the transferee, described for use on passenger tires and light trucks, large OTR tires continue to use traditional constructions, such as the 7x7x0.25 + 1HT and 3x7x0.22HE, comprising seven cords, each of seven high-tension filaments of 0.25 mm in diameter, which are twisted together and spirally wound; and three cords, each of seven high-tension filaments with 0.22 mm in diameter, which are twisted together, respectively. The steel rope cable, currently used for the reinforcement of fabrics in OTR rims for sizes of 36.00R51 and above, is a cord of strands of strands of high-tension tires, such as the rope 7x19x0.20 + 1HT, which comprises seven strands each of ten and nine high-tension strands of 0.20 mm in diameter, which are twisted together and spirally wound. These ropes are made of high tension steel (HT), as defined below. More recently, OTR rims can be constructed of multi-fabric or single-cloth webs with reinforcing cords, such as 27X0.265ST or 5 + 8 + 14x0.265ST + 1, as described in the assignee's patent No 5,318,643, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Furthermore, current steel rope constructions have limitations on the load of rupture and the size of the cable, which prevent achieving the necessary design of resistance per inch for tires over 40.00R57 used in trucks and excavators weighing up to 320 tons and plus. In addition, there is a need to increase the rivet area in the fabric and the band, ie, the space between the cords, for tire sizes of 36.00R51 and greater, so that more rubber can penetrate between the cords during manufacture. of the rim to increase the quality of the calendering treatment by preventing the "weak rivet" or the "loose coating" (which can result in air trapped in the rims). Many problems have had to be overcome, even after the development of the previous stronger filaments and strings. The higher strength steel alloys resulted in changes in the modulus of the rope, which gives rise to the possibility of adjusting the parameters of a thick load of rim band, which depends on three factors assumed by the rope adapted to the adhesion of the rubber. The factors are the modulus of the string, the ratio of the string volume to the rubber volume (often expressed as the number of string ends per inch (EPI)), and the reinforcement angle of the string. In addition, as the reinforcement angle of the rope approaches the direction of rotation of the rim, the support of the reinforcement in the lateral direction moves towards zero. An increase in the two other factors related to the rope, mentioned above, that is, the string modulus and the ratio of the rope volume to the rubber volume, generally results in an increase in the weight of the band. The added weight can mean added cost, higher rolling resistance and lower fuel economy of a tire. The simple use of lighter strings with a smaller modulus does not solve the problem, although they have a lower weight, the smaller modulus of the string must be displaced increasing the relation of the string to the volume of the rubber. This increase in the volume of the rope is limited by the physical size of the rope and the resulting spacing between the ropes that governs the amount of the rivet, ie the ability of the rubber to penetrate between the ropes for good adhesion of the rope to the rubber. It is an object of the present invention to determine string structures that can take advantage of a new string module, while not adversely affecting the ratio of the string volume to the volume of rubber in the lateral reinforcement, in order to obviate the problems and limitations of the rims and rope constructions of the prior art. It is another object of the present invention to provide rope structures using an ultra-tension wire, which results in tires of lesser weight.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide rope structures using an ultra-tension wire which results in rims with greater resistance to corrosion propagation and better riveting, resulting in improved rim performance. The present invention relates to a cord for reinforcing multiple filament elastomeric articles, having a diameter (D) ranging from 0.10 to 0.45 mm, each filament having at least a tensile strength of -2000 x D + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament. These ropes are particularly useful in carcass fabrics and / or belt structures of a pneumatic tire. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 illustrates the cross section of a first embodiment of a rim having a composite structure, which includes two fabrics or layers according to the present invention; Figure 2 illustrates a partial cross section of a second embodiment of a rim having a composite structure, which includes four fabrics according to the present invention; Figure 3 shows the cross section through a rope, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic, cross-sectional illustration of a composite, such as two butt fabrics, in accordance with the present invention; and Figures 5 to 16 show the cross section through a rope, according to different embodiments of the present invention. A cord is described for reinforcing multi-filament elastomeric articles, having a diameter (D) ranging from 0.10 to 0.45 mm, each filament having at least a tensile strength of -2000 x D + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament. These ropes are particularly useful in carcass fabrics and / or web structures of a pneumatic tire. Also disclosed is a pneumatic rim with a casing having parallel strings, two side walls spaced apart by a distance, which, in the axial direction, determines the overall width of the rim section, two tabs, around each of which , the ends of the cords of the carcass are turned upwards, from the inside to the outside, a tread, disposed on the crown of the carcass, a band structure that is circumferentially inextensible, interposed between the tire band and the tire. housing, and carcass fabrics arranged on the side walls between the two flanges and the crown of the carcass, this web structure has a width that is substantially equal to that of the tire band and has carcass plyings of a reinforced elastomeric fabric with metallic ropes, these metallic ropes are comprised of a plurality of filaments, having a diameter (D) ranging from 0.10 to 0.45 mm, each filament has a tensile strength of -2000 x D + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament. In addition, a pneumatic rim with a carcass having parallel strings, two side walls spaced by a certain distance, which, in the axial direction, determines the overall width of the rim section, two flanges, around each of the rims, is described. which, the ends of the cords of the carcass are turned upwards, from the inside to the outside, a tread band disposed on the crown of the carcass, a band structure, which is interposed inextensibly circumferentially between the tire band and the tire. housing, and carcass fabrics arranged on the side walls, between the two flanges and the crown of the carcass, this web structure has a width which is substantially equal to that of the tire band and is constructed of at least one band of elastomeric fabric reinforced with metal cords, these metal cords are comprised of a plurality of filaments having a diameter (D) ranging from 0.10 to 0. 45 mm, each filament has a tensile strength of -2000 x D + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament. After considerable study, effort, testing and time, the present invention supplies ropes and fabrics for passenger vehicles, light trucks, trucks and medium trucks and off road tires, OTR, which substantially reduce the size and sometimes the number of filaments for varying loads, covering this range of tires. While the reduction in the number of filaments leads to a reduction in the expected weight, this is not necessarily the case, since the materials of the prior art require that the filament size is also increased in order to obtain the necessary strength for rim. However, with the use of Ultra-Tension steel for rope constructions, the number and / or size of the filaments may decrease while maintaining or even strengthening the rim. Under such circumstances, the rope has found use in load ranges by varying the ends per inch (PPE) in the webs of the web. Other advantages that exist in the present invention include that of lighter rims, improved rolling resistance, greater resistance to the propagation of corrosion and a reduction in the caliber of cord treatment, between the layers of rope in the band. A reduction in weight due to the reduction in weight of the reinforcement, as well as a reduction in the amount of the rubber gauge also results in the reduction in manufacturing cost and improved fuel economy, for the rims of the present invention. Likewise, it is believed that the improved transfer of temperature can be achieved with the new rope designs of the invention, to lengthen the life and improve the operating performance of the tires that incorporate these ropes. In addition, the new belt structures provide better rolling resistance, perhaps due to the lower weight of the new rope designs, compared to the old designs used to reinforce the belt structure. As used herein and in the claims: "Axial" and "axially" are used herein to refer to lines or directions that are parallel to the axis of rotation of the rim. "Tab" means that part of the rim comprising an annular tension member wound by fabric cords and configured, with or without other reinforcement elements, such as fins, chisels, vertices, ridge protectors and wipers, to adapt the design of the rim ring.

"Strip structure" means at least two layers or parallel strings fabrics, woven or non-woven, underlying the tread, not anchored to the flange and having left and right cord angles in the range of about 17 to 70 degrees, with respect to the equatorial plane (EP) of the rim. "Carcase" means the structure of the tire separated from the belt structure, the tread, under it, and the rubber of the side wall on the fabrics, but including the eyelashes. "Rope" means one or more reinforcing elements formed by two or more filaments / wires, which may or may not be twisted or otherwise formed and which may also include strands that may or may not also be formed, of which the fabrics on the rim are included. "Crown" means that portion of the tire, within the width limits, of the tread. "Density" means weight per unit length. "Equatorial plane (EP)" means the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rim and passing through the center of the tread of the rim. "Caliber" means the thickness of the material.

"High Voltage (HT) Steel" means a carbon steel, with a tensile strength of at least 3400 MPa § 0.20 mm filament diameter. "Super-Tension Steel (ST)" means a carbon steel with a tensile strength of at least 3650 MPa @ 0.20 mm filament diameter. "Ultra-Tension Steel (UT)" means a carbon steel with a tensile strength of at least 4000 MPa § 0.20 mm filament diameter. "Load Interval" means the load and inflation limits for a given tire, used in a specific type of service, as defined in the tables in The Tire and Rim Association, Inc. 1989 Year Boo. "Radial" and "radially," are used for perpendicular directions radially from the axis of rotation through the rim. "Rivet" means the open space between strings in a layer "Section Width" means the maximum linear distance parallel to the axis of the rim and between the outside of its side walls, when and after it has been inflated to a normal pressure for 24 hours, but not loaded, excluding the elevations of the side walls due to the labeling, decoration or protective.

"Rigidity Ratio" means the value of the stiffness of the control band structure, divided by the value of another band structure stiffness, when the values are determined by a bending test of three (3) fixed points, which it has both ends of the rope supported and bent by a load centered between the fixed ends. The cords of the present invention can comprise a number of constructions both cone and without a spiral winding. For example, representative constructions include 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 7x, 8x, llx, 12x, 27x, 1 + 2, 1 + 3, 1 + 4, 1 + 5, 1 + 6, 1 + 7, 1 + 8, 1 + 14, 1 + 15, 1 + 16, 1 + 17, 1 + 18, 1 + 19, 1 + 20, 1 + 26, 2 + 2, 2 + 5, 2 + 6, 2+ 7, 2 + 8, 2 + 9, 2 + 10, 2/2, 2/3, 2/4, 2/5, 2/6, 3 + 2, 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 3 + 6, 3 + 9, 3/9, 3 + 9 + 15, 4x4, 5/8/14, 7x2, 7x3, 7x4, 7x7, 7x12 and 7x19. Representative rope constructions with spiral winding include 2 + 1, 3 + 1, 6 + 1, 7 + 1, 8 + 1, 11 + 1, 12 + 1, 1 + 4 + 1, 1 + 5 + 1, 1 + 6 + 1, 1/6 + 1, 1 + 7 + 1, 1 + 8 + 1, 1 + 14 + 1, 1 + 15 + 1, 1 + 16 + 1, 1 + 17 + 1, 1+ 18 + 1, 1 + 19 + 1, 1 + 20 + 1, 1 + 26 + 1, 2 + 7 + 1, 2 + 8 + 1, 2 + 9 + 1, 2 + 10 + 1, 3 + 9 + 1, 3/9 + 1, 3 ^ 9 + 15 + 1, 7x2 + 1, 7x12 + 1, 7x19 + 1 and 27 + 1. The ropes listed above are particularly suitable for use in a pneumatic tire. This pneumatic tire can be a rim of oriented or radial fabrics. When used in the carcass ply, the preferred strings are 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x, llx, 12x, 1 + 2, 1 + 3, 1 + 4, 1 + 5, 1 + 6, 1 +7, 1 + 8, 1 + 14, 1 + 15, 1 + 16, 1 + 17, 1 + 18, 1 + 19, 1 + 20, 2 + 1, 2 + 7, 2 + 8, 2 + 9 , 2 + 10, 2/2, 2/3, 2/4, 2/5, 2/6, 3 + 1, 3 + 2, 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 3 + 9, 3/9, 3 + 9 + 15, 5/8/14, 7x12, 7x19, 5 + 1, 6 + 1, 7 + 1, 8 + 1, 11 + 1, 12 + 1, 2 + 7 + 1, 1 + 4 + 1 , 1 + 5 + 1, 1 + 6 + 1, 1 + 7 + 1, 1 + 8 + 1, 1 + 14 + 1, 1 + 15 + 1, 1 + 15 + 12, 1 + 17 + 1, 1 + 18 + 1, 1 + 19 + 1, 1 + 20 + 1, 3 + 9 + 1, 3/9 + 1, 7x12 + 1 and 7x19 + 1. When the strings of the present invention are used in a band structure, the preferred strings are 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x, llx, 12x, 1 + 2, 1 + 3, 1 + 4, 1 + 5 , 1 + 6, 1 + 7, 1 + 8, 1 + 14, 2 + 2, 2 + 5, 2 + 6, 2 + 7, 2 + 8, 2 + 9, 2 + 10, 2 + 2 + 8 , 2/2, 2/3, 2/4, 2/5, 2/6, 3 + 2, 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 3 + 6, 3 + 9, 3 + 9 + 15, 27x, 1 +26, 4x4, 5/8/14, 7x2, 12 + 1, 3 + 9 + 1, 1 + 6 + 1, 2 + 6 + 1, 2 + 7 + 1, 2 + 8 + 1, 2 + 9 +1, 2 + 10 + 1, 2 + 2 + 8 + 1, 3 + 9 + 15 + 1, 27 + 1, 1 + 26 + 1 and 7x2 + 1. The filaments that can be used to obtain the cords of the present invention can have a diameter ranging from 0.10 to 0.45 mm. Preferably, the diameter of the filament varies from 0.14 to 0.43 mm. A particularly preferred filament varies from 0.18 to 0.38 mm. According to the invention, there is disclosed an off-road pneumatic tire with a flange diameter of 36 inches (91.44 is) and more, with a carcass having cords, two side walls spaced apart by a certain distance, which, in the axial direction, it determines the general width of the section of the rim, two flanges, around each of which the ends of the cords of the casing are turned upwards, a tread band disposed in the crown of the casing and a band structure disposed circumferentially between the tread and the housing. The band structure has a width which is substantially equal to that of the tread and has at least one layer of elastomeric fabric reinforced with metal cords. These metal cords of the present invention are used in at least one layer, such as a 7x19x0.20 + 1 construction. In another embodiment, an off-highway pneumatic tire incorporates the metal cords of the present invention in a 7x12x0.22 + 1 construction. In a third embodiment, a pneumatic tire for off-road incorporates the metal cords of the present invention, which has the construction of 7x12x0.25 + 1. There are a number of metal rope construction embodiments of the present invention for fabrics, including 1x0.18, 2x0.18, 3x0.18. Also, according to the invention, the strings of the fabric can be constructed of 1 + 5x0.18. The rim can also include a fabric that has a construction cord 1x0.24 / 6x0.22 + 1 or 1x0.18 / 6x0.16 + 1. According to the invention, the above-described radial rim can include an elastomeric fabric band structure reinforced with metal cords, where these metal cords are parallel to each other and are composed of ultra-tension steel filaments. In one embodiment, the band structure includes a first and second overlapped bands, in which the strings of the first and second strips are constructed of strings of the present invention having various configurations, including the 2 + 2x0.30, 2 + 2x0.35, 2x0.30, 2x0.35, 2 + 2x0.30, 2x0.23, 2x0.30, 3 + 2x0.33 and 3 + 4x0.38. In another embodiment of the above rim, the band structure includes the first, second, third and fourth radially overlapping bands, in which the strings of the present invention used in the first and fourth bands are constructed of 3 + 2x0.33 and the cords of the present invention used in each of the second and third bands, sandwiching between the first and fourth bands are constructed of 3x3x0.33. This rim also includes a fabric having a rope of the present invention in a construction of 3x0.22 / 9x0.20 + 1. In yet another embodiment, the band structure includes the first, second, third and fourth radially overlapping bands, in which the strings of the present invention, used in each of the first and fourth bands, are constructed of 3 + 4x0.38 and the fabric has a rope of 3x0.22 / 9x0.20 + 1. In addition, many of the novel cords, described above, result in the lowest linear density in the reinforcement for which they are used, which again results in less weight and lower cost for the reinforcement and its product., which will be the rim, the band or any other reinforced elastomeric product. Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, the fabrics 12 and 14 are shown inside a pneumatic rim 10 with radial carcass, in which similar elements have received similar reference numbers. For the purposes of the present invention, a rim has a radial fabric shell structure, when the cords of one or more fabrics, 12, 14, which reinforce the carcass, are oriented at angles in the range of 75 to 902 with respect to to the equatorial plane of the tire. In the case where the metal cords of the present invention are used to reinforce the carcass, only one of the two webs, if two are used, must be reinforced. The other fabric should be reinforced with some other form of reinforcement. It is preferred that, if two carcass fabrics are used, the fabric reinforced with metal cord is the fabric 14 of the bottom (internal) casing. Representative examples of reinforcement that can be used in the other, non-metallic, reinforced carcass ply are rayon, polyester and nylon. The fabric 12 of the carcass reinforced with metal cords has a layer of steel cords 30 arranged so as to engage approximately 8 to 20 ends per inch, (2.54 cm) when measured in the circumferential direction of the rim at a location that It has a maximum width of the rim. Preferably, the steel cord layer 30 is arranged to have approximately 12 to 16 ends per inch (EPI) (2.54 cm) at the location having the maximum rim width. In terms of metric units, the steel cords are arranged to have 3 to 8 ends per centimeter (EPC), when measured in a circumferential direction of the rim at a location having a maximum rim width. Preferably, the EPC range from 4 to 7 EPI. The above calculations for the ends per inch are based on the range of diameters or the general cords, strength of the filaments and cords as well as the strength required for the single shell fabric. For example, the high number of ends per inch will include the use of a wire of smaller diameter for a given strength, versus a smaller number of ends per inch for a wire of smaller diameter for the same strength. In the alternative, if one selects the use of a monofilament for a given diameter, one may have to use more or fewer ends per inch, depending on the strength of the wire. The rim 10 has a pair of annular flanges 16, 18, substantially non-extensible, which are spaced axially from each other. Each of the flanges 16, 18 is located in a flange portion of the rim 10, having exterior surfaces configured to be complementary to the flange seats and rim retention flanges (not shown) in which the rim 10 It is designed to be assembled. The fabrics 12, 14 may be reinforcing cords side by side, polyester or other material, or the steel cord of the present invention, and extend between the flanges 16, 18 with an axially external portion of the carcass structure folded around each one of the lashes. While in the embodiment of Figure 1, the fabric structure of the carcass comprises two fabrics 12, 14 of reinforcement material, it will be understood that one or more carcass fabrics of any suitable material can be used in certain embodiments and one or more reinforcing fabrics, according to this invention, can also be used equally.

A layer of a material of low permeability 20 can be disposed inside the fabrics 12, 14 of the housing and adjacent to an inflation chamber, defined by the rim and rim assembly. The elastomeric side walls 22, 24 are arranged axially outwardly of the carcass structure. A band structure 26, extending circumferentially, comprised in the modalities, showed two layers of bands 28, 30 (Figure 1), or four layers of bands 28, 30, 32, 34 (Figure 2), each of the which preferably includes reinforcing cords 36, as shown in Figure 3. The web structure 26 of Figure 2 is characterized by cords 36 having filaments with a tensile strength of at least 4000 MPa [N / mm2] ( here named "ultra-tension") for filaments with 0.20 mm diameter. For example, the rope 36, as shown in Figure 3, has four filaments 38, 40, 42 and 44 (38-44) of ultra-tensile steel wire. While two and four layer bands are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively, other numbers of bands can be substi tuted. It will be appreciated that other laminates can be formed with the use of the principles of the present invention to reinforce other articles, such as industrial webs and that a single layer of the present invention can be used with known or conventional layers to also form new structures reinforced composites. In a working example, the ropes 36 are comprised of four filaments 38-44 of ultra-tension steel wire, finely drawn. There are a number of metallurgical modes that produce the above-defined tensile strength, that is at least 4000 MPa, as the ultra-voltage (UT). One way to achieve UT resistance is by melting the process itself, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,960,473, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, with a micro-alloy carbon rod with one or more of the following elements: Cr, Si, Mn, Ni, Cu, V and B. The preferred chemistry is listed below: C 0. 88 to 1.0 Mn 0. 30 to 0. 50 If 0. 10 to 0. 30 Cr 0. 10 to 0 .40 V 0 to 0. 1 Cu 0 to 0. 5 Ni 0 to 0. 5 Co 0.2 to 0. 1 the rest is iron and waste.

The resulting rod is then stretched to a tensile strength equivalent to 4000 MPa @ 0.20 mm. The following Table 1 gives the description of the resistance level calculated for the ultra-tension filaments, in comparison with the previous filaments of high-tension and super-tension steel, having a filament diameter of 0.20 mm. Ultra-tensile steel has a higher value than any previously used steel cord or filament.

TABLE 1 HIGH VOLTAGE, SUPER-TENSION AND ULTRA-TENSION STEEL ROPE Description of Resistance Level The cords 36 used in the working example, as shown in Figure 3, have a structure of four filaments 38, 40, 42 and 44, typically 0.30 mm or 0.35 mm in diameter for an ultra-tension steel wire , with a rope breaking strength of at least 1,020 Newtons, plus or minus 5.0 percent, each bead 36 has two filaments 38, 40 twisted together with a length of arrangement of 16 mm and these two filaments 38, 40 are then twisted in a length of arrangement of 16 mm together in the same direction of twisting with the two remaining filaments 42, 44, which did not twist and parallel to each other, when they are twisted together with the twisted filaments 38, 40. This rope, Commonly named of a construction of 2 + 2, it is designated as 2 + 2x0.30 UT or 2 + 2x0.35 UT. The construction of 2 + 2 is known for its opening capacity and good penetration of the rubber, which results from this opening. 0.30 and 0.35 designates the diameter of the filament in millimeters and UT designates that the material is ultra-tensile steel.

TABLE 2 ) )) ) ) ) ) Where N is any number from 1 to 5 M is any number from 1 to 5 D is any diameter from 0.18 to 0.38 mm Table 2 above shows other ultra-tension rope modalities compared to a previous tire rope, for example the high-tension (HT) and super-tension (ST) steel cords that were replaced, the rope of the previous example 36 is listed as 2 and 3. The illustrated examples of ultra-tension rope structure, Candidates 1 and Candidates 2, 3 and 4 above in Table 2 are shown in Figures 5 and 3, respectively, and show a reduction in the caliber of the rope compared to the corresponding previous rope structures of the three candidates. When the new rope structures incorporate filaments having a smaller diameter than those previously mentioned that correspond to the previous rope structures, there is a resulting reduction in the caliber of the material and the cost, compared to the previous rope structures, that make the tires lighter in weight and less expensive. For equal diameters of filaments, the ultra-tension cords have a greater resistance and generally a longer life of fatigue over the high and super-tension cords predecessors. These advantages lead to elastomer products that have less reinforcement material and thus less weight and cost. In addition, the life of the product can be increased with the increase in the fatigue life of the rope and its filaments. In a similar manner, the illustrated examples of the ultra-tension rope structure, candidates 5 and 6 above in Table 2, are shown in Figures 7 and 8, respectively, and show a reduction in the caliber of the rope. in comparison with two corresponding anterior rope structures, mentioned. In addition, the new smaller diameter filament rope structures reduce the gauge material and cost compared to previous, previously mentioned rope structures, making the tires lighter in weight and less expensive. The following table 3 shows other modalities of ultra-tension fabric structures in correspondence for comparison with the previous fabric structures that they replace. Some fabrics or previous layers incorporate polyester or high tension steel (HT).

TABLE 3 ) ) ) )))) ))) Candidates 1 and 2 above in Table 3 and illustrated in Figures 5 and 10, show a replacement of the polyester fabric with steel cloth. Fabric structures incorporating UT steel filaments are stronger and reduce the caliber and cost of the material, compared to previous polyester fabric structures, previously cited, making the tires lighter in weight and less expensive. Candidate 3, earlier in Table 3, relates to radial fabrics of light trucks and is illustrated in Figure 11, shows a replacement of the polyester fabric with the steel fabric. In addition, candidates 4, 5, 6 and 7 above in Table 3 are related to radial fabrics of medium trucks and are illustrated in Figures 14, 12 and 13. These candidates show a replacement of configurations of high steel fabrics. tension with configurations of ultra-tension steel fabrics. UT steel filament fabric structures are stronger and reduce the caliber of the material and the cost compared to the previously mentioned high tension steel fabric structures, making the tires lighter in weight and less expensive . Candidates 8, 9 and 10 above in Table 3 relate to off-road tire fabrics, as illustrated in Figures 15 and 16. These candidates show a replacement of the configuration of high tension steel fabrics, such as shown in Figure 15, with configurations of corresponding ultra-tension steel fabrics of Figures 15 and 16. As in the previous cases, UT steel filament fabric structures are stronger and reduce the caliber. of the material and the cost in comparison with the structures of previous high tension steel fabrics, previously mentioned, making the tires lighter in weight and less expensive. Table 4 below compares the current construction together with a beneficiary analysis of the two-band P195 / 75R14 passenger car tires, as shown in Figure 1, and illustrated in Figure 4, in which the current two-layer bands they incorporate configurations of high voltage cables and the described two-layer bands of the new construction incorporate ultra-voltage cable configurations. Three candidates for ultra-tension construction are described with (a) equal strength, smaller tire gauge, major ends per inch, and minor tire weight in candidate 1; (b) equal strength, identical rim gauge, minor minors per inch and lower rim weight in candidate 2; and (c) increased strength, equal tire caliper, equal ends per inch and equal tire weight in candidate 3. With candidate 1, when the diameter of the filaments decreases from 0.20 mm of high tension to 0.23 mm of ultra- tension, the ends per inch increase. However, equal resistance was achieved with a smaller tire size and significant savings in tire weight. With candidate 2, when the diameter of the filaments is kept constant at 0.30 mm, the replacement of the high-tension steel with the ultra-tension steel resulted in a decrease in the ends per inch and a lower weight of the rim. equal resistance. With candidate 3, the replacement of high-tension steel with ultra-tension steel, while maintaining the tire gauge and constant ends per inch, results in a tire with the same weight and gauge, but with an increase of approximately 16 percent in the resistance.

TABLE 4 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS BANDS - PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES P195 / 75R14 The following Table 5 compares the current construction with a benefit analysis of the LT215 / 85R16 LR-C two-band light truck tires, as in Figure 1 and Table 5. Current belt structures incorporate two bands with layers of 2 + 2 configurations of high voltage cable and the two bands with newly described layers incorporate ultra-voltage cable configurations. Two candidates for ultra-tension construction with (a) equal strength, lower tire caliper, higher EPI and lower tire weight in candidate 1; and (b) equal strength, smaller tire caliper, higher EPI and lower tire weight in candidate 2. With candidate 1, the 2 + 2x0.30 HT configuration of Band 1 was replaced with a simpler 2x0 configuration. 30 UT and that 2 + 2x0.30 HT of Band 2, was replaced with the simplest 2x0.23 UT. In each case, the EPs increased. However, it achieved equal resistance with significant savings in tire weight and lower tire size. With candidate 2, the 2 + 2x0.30 HT configurations of Band 1 and Band 2 were each replaced with the simplest 2x0.35 UT configuration. In each case, PPE increased. However, equal resistance was achieved with significant savings in tire weight and a smaller tire size.

TABLE 5 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS BANDS - LIGHT TRUCK RADIAL TIRES LT215 / 85R16 LR-C Another comparison of the high tension and ultra-tension rope is given in Table 5, where two current high-tension band structures were compared with two candidates of ultra-tension band structures in the radial tires for light truck LT215 / 85R16. These rims incorporate two bands with the construction of type 2 + 2 in the current models and a single rope 2x0.30, 2x023 or 2x035 in the ultra-tension models. In construction 1, to achieve equal strength between the current high-voltage and ultra-tension samples, the increased PPE, the tire's caliber was smaller and a lower weight of the rim was achieved. In construction 2, the filaments of the ultra-strain example had a larger diameter and the EPI increased to maintain equal strength. At the same time, both the caliber of the tire and the weight of the tire were smaller. The following Table 6 compares the current construction together with the benefit analysis of the LT215 / 85R16 LR-D two-band light truck radial tires, as shown in Figure 1. The current belt structure incorporates two bands with layers of 2 + 2 high voltage cable configurations and the two bands with layers just described, which incorporate the ultra-voltage cable configurations. Three candidates for ultra-tension construction with (a) equal strength, smaller tire size, higher PPE and lower tire weight in candidate 1; (b) equal strength, equal tire gauge, minor PPE and lower tire weight in candidate 2; and (c) greater strength, equal tire caliper, equal EPI and equal tire weight in candidate 3. With candidate 1, the 2 + 2x0.30 HT configuration of Bands 1 and 2 are both replaced with a 2x0 configuration .35 simpler. In each case, PPE increased. However, equal resistance was achieved with significant savings in tire weight and a smaller tire size. With candidate 2, the 2 + 2x0.30 HT configurations of Band 1 and Band 2 are each replaced with the 2 + 2x0.30 UT configurations. In each case, PPE decreased while maintaining equal strength, equal tire caliper and a reduction in tire weight. With candidate 3, the 2 + 2x0.30 HT configurations of Band 1 and Band 2 were again replaced with configurations 2 + 2x0.30 UT. However, in each case, the PPE remained the same. The result was a significantly increased resistance, while the caliber of the tire and the weight of the tire remained the same.

TABLE 6 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS BANDS - LIGHT TRUCK RADIAL TIRES LT215 / 85R16 LR-D The following Table 7 compares the current construction together with a benefit analysis of the LT235 / 85R16 LR-E two-band light truck tires, as shown in Figure 1, and is illustrated in Table 7. The belt structure Current incorporates two bands with 2 + 2 layers of super-tension cable configuration and the two bands with newly discovered layers incorporate ultra-voltage cable configurations. Three ultra-tension construction candidates with (a) equal strength, minor tire gauge, major PPE, and minor tire weight in candidate 1, (b) equal strength, equal tire gauge, minor PPE, and rim weight minor in candidate 2; and (c) greater strength, equal tire caliper, equal EPI and equal tire weight in candidate 3. With candidate 1, the 2 + 2x0.35 ST configuration of Bands 1 and 2 was replaced with the 2+ configuration 2x0.30 UT. In each case, PPE increased. However, equal resistance was achieved with significant savings in tire weight and a smaller tire size. With candidate 2, the 2 + 2x0.35 HT configurations of Band 1 and Band 2 were each replaced with the 2 + 2x0.35 UT configurations. In each case, PPE decreased while maintaining equal resistance, equal tire caliper and a reduction in tire weight. With candidate 3, the 2 + 2x0.35 ST configurations of Band 1 and Band 2 were again replaced with configurations 2 + 2x0.35 UT. However, in each case, the PPE remained the same. The result was an increased resistance, while the tire's caliper and the weight of the tire remained the same. Table 8 below compares a current passenger vehicle tire P225 / P75R15 of two fabrics, with an ultra-tension fabric structure. With candidate 1, equal resistances were obtained with smaller tire calipers, an increase in PPE and a slight increase in weight. With candidate 2, equal resistance was achieved with a smaller tire size, equal PPE and a decrease in tire weight. With candidate 1, the 1100/2 polyester configurations of Fabrics 1 and 2 were replaced with the 2x0.18 UT configuration. In this case, the PPE increased while maintaining the same resistance, a smaller tire size and a lower tire weight. With candidate 2, the polyester configuration of Fabrics 1 and 2 was replaced with the 3x0.18 UT configuration. In this case, the resistance and PPE remained constant, while a smaller tire size and a lower tire weight were achieved.

TABLE 7 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS BANDS - RADIAL RIMS FOR PASSENGER VEHICLES LT235 / 85R16 LR-E TABLE 8 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS FABRICS - PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES P225 / 7R15 Table 9 compares the current construction of two-layer polyester or fabrics, with an ultra-tension construction on the LT235 / 85R16 radial tires for light-weight trucks in the loading range E. With reference to the candidate, an equal resistance was maintained , while achieving a lower weight of the tire and a smaller tire size. When the 1440/3 polyester configuration of the Layers or Fabrics 1 and 2 was replaced with the configuration 1 + 5x0.18 UT, the ends per inch (2.54 cm) (EPI) increased slightly, and an equal strength was achieved with a reduction in the weight of the tire and the caliber of it.

TABLE 9 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL STRINGS FABRICS - LIGHT TRUCK RADIALES LT235 / 85R16 LR-E The following Table 10 compares the current construction with the benefit analysis of radial tires 11R24.5 LR-G for medium four-band trucks, as shown in Figure 2. With candidate 1, the current band structure includes four bands with layers of super-tension cable configuration 3 + 2 and a high voltage cable fabric 3x0.22 / 9x0.20 + 1. The four bands with layers and a fabric, newly revealed, incorporate a configuration of ultra-tension 3 + 2x033 for each one of the bands and of 1x0.24 / 6x0.22 + 1 UT for the fabric. Note that the EPI of the bands 1 and 4, and the bands 2 and 3 remain the same for both current and new constructions, while the PPE for the new fabrics increase. The benefits achieved by the use of the ultra-tension configurations is an increase in the rivet of the bands 2 and 3, a reduction in the weight of the rim, a reduction in the cost of the rim and an improved resistance to corrosion in the cloth. Referring to candidate 2, the bands of the current configuration are replaced by bands with the configuration of 3 + 4x0.38 UT and EPI that are smaller than those in the current bands. The configuration of the 3x0.22 / 9x0.20 + 2 HT cable in the fabric was replaced by a cable configuration of 1x0.24 / 6x0.22 + 1 UT in the fabric. The advantage of the configurations of the candidate 2 is a significant increase in the riveting of the bands 2 and 3, a reduction in the weight of the rim, a reduction in the cost thereof, an improved resistance to corrosion in the fabric and a construction simple wire band, which can be applied to all load ranges for radial tires for medium truck. The following Table 11 compares the current construction with a benefit analysis of the 11R24.5 LR-H four-band medium truck radial tires, as shown in Figure 2. With the candidate 1, the current band structure includes four bands with 3 + 2 and 3 + 3 configuration layers of super-tension cable and a cable cloth 3/9 / 15x0.175 + 1HT. The four bands of layers just described and the simple fabric incorporates the configuration 3 + 2x0.33 UT for the bands 1 and 4, the 3 + 3x0.33 UT for the bands 2 and 3 and the 3x0.22 / 9x0.20 + 1 for the fabric. Note that the EPI of the bands 1 and 4 and the bands 2 and 3 remain the same for both current and new constructions, while the PPE for the new fabric construction increases. The benefits achieved by the use of the ultra-tension configurations is an increase in the riveting of the bands 2 and 3, a reduction in the weight of the tire and a reduction in the cost of the same.

Referring to candidate 2, the bands of the current configurations are replaced by the bands with the configuration 3 + 4x0.38 UT and the ends per inch (2.54 cm) (EPI) which are lower than in the current bands. The cable configuration 3/9 / 15x0.175 + 1 HT in the fabric is replaced by the cable configuration 3x0.22 / 9x + l UT in the wire or fabric. The advantage of the configurations of candidate 2 is a significant increase in the rivet of the bands 2 and 3, a reduction in the weight of the rim, a reduction in the cost of the rim and a simple construction of the wire of the band, which is applicable to all load intervals for medium truck radial tires.

TABLE 10 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL ROPES MEDICAL TRUCK RADIAL RIMS 11R24.5 LR-G TABLE 11 BENEFITS OF ULTRA-TENSION STEEL ROPES MEDICAL TRUCK RADIAL RIMS 11R24.5 LR-G Using ultra-tensile steel filaments of at least 4000 MPa with a diameter of 0.20 mm, several options are available in the design of steel rope for pneumatic tires for off-road (OTR), as described in the following Table 12. The use of materials of greater tensile strength, combined with the simplification and / or variations of the current construction of steel ropes, satisfies the requirements of OTR rims of greater resistance per inch, while increasing the area of rivet between the strings. For example, the construction of the steel rope cable currently used for fabric reinforcements in OTR rims for sizes 36.00R51 and greater is 7x19x0.20 + 1 HT, as shown in Tables 3 and 13. The resistance Strain tension was specified as 3300 MPa with a filament diameter of 0.20. The average load at cable break is 11,600N and is used at 6.4 ends / inch, thus providing a resistance per inch (2.54 cm) of 74.240 N, which satisfies the design requirement of 73.975N. 3.0 mm provides a rivet of 0.965 mm. One main design parameter that can be varied in an elastomer reinforced composite is the end-per-inch (EPI) end count, ie, the number of strings per unit length in the lateral direction to the direction in which the elastomer is reinforced, Table 12 below lists the examples of a current high-voltage construction and possible ultra-tension constructions, see candidates 1-3 of Figures 15 and 16, which show the overall increase in the rivet according to the strength Increased ultra-tensile samples allow a reduction in PPE. At the other end, as the diameter of the rope is reduced and the end count increases for its displacement, the rivet is reduced. In general, a minimum rivet of (0.46 mm) should be maintained to give proper penetration of the elastomers between the ropes, when they are thus embedded. This minimum rivet can be obtained in particular with a smaller diameter and a simpler rope construction (fewer filaments in a rope) of the candidates 1, 2 and 3. TABLE 13 Candidates 1, 2 and 3 meet the tire design requirements of 74.240 N resistance per inch for 36.00R51 tires up to 40.00R57 OTR, while supplying the increased rivet in all cases (greater than 0.96 mm). This increased rivet allows more penetration of the rubber between the ropes, providing greater removal. In addition, candidate 1, when used at 6.4 EPI (not shown), has a rivet area between ropes of 0.965 mm (as with the current construction), while providing a resistance per inch of 83,200 N. This value exceeds the requirement of 79,800 N / inch for a new rim, greater OTR, 44.00R57. It is evident that a strip of cloth material or layer reinforced with monofilaments or steel cords for use in a rim has been supplied in accordance with this invention. The strip of reinforced cloth material satisfies the objects, resources and advantages noted here above. While the invention has been described in combination with its preferred embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in light of the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended to cover all these alternatives, modifications and variations that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. CLAIMS 1. A pneumatic tire, characterized by a carcass or frame, having parallel strings, two side walls spaced by a certain distance, which, in the axial direction, determines the general width of the rim section, two tabs, around from each of which the ends of the rope of the casing are turned upwards, from the inside to the outside, a tread, arranged on the crown of the casing, a band structure, which is interposed in a non-extensible form circumferentially, between the tread and the carcass, and layers or fabrics of the carcass, arranged on the side walls, between the two eyelashes and the crown of the carcass, this web structure has a width that is substantially equal to that of the tread and has the fabrics of the housing of an elastomeric fabric reinforced with metal cords, these metal cords are comprised of a plurality of filaments, which have a n diameter that varies from 0.10 to 0.45 mm, each filament has a tensile strength of -2000xD + 4400 MPa, where D is the diameter of the filament in millimeters.
2. 2. The pneumatic tire, defined in claim 1, characterized in that the diameter D varies from 0.14 to 0.42 m.
3. 3. The pneumatic tire, defined in claim 1, characterized in that the construction of the rope is selected from the group consisting of: 2x, 3x, 4x, 5x, 6x, 8x, llx, 12x, 27X, 1 + 2, 1 + 3 , 1 + 4, 1 + 5, 1 + 6, 1 + 7, 1 + 8, 1 + 14, 1 + 15, 1 + 16, 1 + 17, 1 + 18, 1 + 19, 1 + 20, 1 +26, 2 + 1, 2 + 2, 2 + 5, 2 + 6, 2 + 7, 2 + 8, 2 + 9, 2 + 10, 2/2, 2/3, 2/4, 2/5 , 2/6, 3 + 1, 3 + 2, 3 + 3, 3 + 4, 3 + 9, 3/9, 3 + 9 + 15, 5/8/14, 7x12, 7x19, 7x2, 5 + 1 , 6 + 1, 7 + 1, 8 + 1, 11 + 1, 12 + 1, 2 + 7 + 1, 1 + 4 + 1, 1 + 5 + 1, 1 + 6 + 1, 1 + 7 + 1 , 1 + 8 + 1, 1 + 14 + 1, 1 + 15 + 1, 1 + 16 + 12, 1 + 17 + 1, 1 + 18 + 1, 1 + 19 + 1, 1 + 20 + 1, 3 + 9 + 1, 3/9 + 1, 7x12 + 1 and 7x19 + 1.
4. 4. The pneumatic tire, defined in claim 3, characterized in that the construction of the rope is 1 +
5. 5.