MXPA97005641A - Tejamanil colored and of multiple layers, and method to manufacture my - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a roof covering composed of a plurality of multi-level shingles, manufactured continuously, each shingle has at least two exposed layers whose granules are selected from different aggregates of colored granules. Present between at least one of the aggregates of each shingle is a multitude of granules having at least one color and / or a shade thereof which is not present among the granules of the other shingle aggregate. The difference in coloration creates a nice color contrast and accentuates the difference in elevation between the layers of the tejaman

Description

COLORED AND MULTI-LAYER TEXAS, AND METHOD TO MANUFACTURE THE SAME 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a method for manufacturing multi-layer shingles, and roof shingles made therefrom. The shingles are colored and thickened in a unique way to improve the appearance of a roof. 2. Description of the Previous Technique There have been many approaches by the roofing industry for the task of covering a deck or roof platform with shingles that are both protective and aesthetically pleasing. The appropriate shingles, whatever their appearance, have been made to be sufficiently durable and environmentally resistant to provide long-term protection of the roof. The visual appearance of shingles has been achieved in several ways, such as providing spliced edge contours and surface treatments which work to simulate rooftop shapes more Ref.025256 traditional, and in many cases more expensive, including roofs of straw, loose staves of wood, clapboards, and even tiles of various shapes. The simulation of such more traditional roof covers is produced by asphalt shingles of the laminated type. These shingles provide the depth or appearance on the roof, thus giving more or less the appearance of wood or other shingles that look natural. The U.S. Patent No. 3,921,358 provides an example of such composite shingles. After describing useless attempts in the past to achieve the profile of spliced, bulky, irregular edges and the surface contour characteristic of the shingle for the wooden roof, this patent presents an improved composite roof tile comprising a rectangular sheet having a upper fold portion and a splice portion. The splice portion is divided into a series of fins spaced apart and a strip is secured or secured to the sheet in an underlying position of the fins and fills in the spaces therebetween. Although the resulting bilaminate structure suggests some of the substantial and tax architectural appearance of more expensive roofing materials, such as wood shingles, the structure will still differ considerably in appearance from them.

For many years, roof manufacturers have offered a variety of two-layer shingles of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,921,358 in an attempt to present a thicker and more attractive appearance. A markedly different structure of these bilaminate shingles of the prior art is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,942. This structure, which has an exposed splice portion of three layers of depth, with fins and cuts of two layers of depth and an additional strip below the cuts, provides the shingle with an appearance that goes beyond the bilaminates in the Simulation of shingles made of wood and tiles. Although shingles of the asphalt compound have significant cost, serviceability and non-flammability advantages over wood shingles, the last type is still seen by many as the most desirable roofing material for aesthetic purposes. . A key reason for the continuous aesthetic appearance of wood shingles comes from its larger thickness in relation to composite shingles, despite many efforts in the past to simulate its thickness. As a result, it could be much more beneficial to find a way to improve the appearance of depth in Composite shingles without sacrificing these advantageous characteristics of shingles.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an asphalt shingle that simulates very closely the thickness of the wood or other traditional roof covers, and that also possesses those desired attributes in the roof covers, including water tightness, durability and fire resistance. It is a further object of the invention to improve the appearance of laminated shingles with di, tri or other multigrosores by means of the use of granules having contrasting colors. It is another object of the invention to provide a decorative trilaminate shingle where the colored granules improve the shingle's appearance and make it look thicker than it really is. It is still another object of the invention to provide a simple, efficient and economical method for the continuous production of a laminated shingle from a single, indefinitely long roofing sheet.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The preceding objects and other objects of the invention have been achieved by a shingle for the multi-layer roof which is colored for the improvement of the visual appearance and the thickness of the shingle. The tejamanil has two or more layers which have different elevations and are provided with differently colored granules. The contrast of the layers by means of the color variation greatly accentuates the difference in the elevation of the surface between them. These differently colored layers are the portions of the tejamanil which are exposed to view when the shingles are deposited together in a superposed relationship on a roof. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the multi-layer shingle is of the laminate type, for example a shingle for two or three-layered roofing. This composite shingle is made of at least two laminates, and may have three, four or more laminates. The laminates are preferably constructed of a felt material comprising organic or inorganic fibers or a mixture of both. Usually the fibers are held together with a binder and are coated, saturated, or otherwise impregnated with a bituminous asphalt material. The laminates rest one on top of the other in the composite, and at least one underlying sheet is visible when the composite material is observed from above. An appreciable difference in the surface elevation is inherent in this laminated construction where the underlying sheet or sheets are exposed under an overlay. The use of differently colored granules according to the invention to differentiate superposed and underlying laminates, creates an improved depth impression for the observer of the composite material. A preferred laminate material incorporating the distinctive coloration of the invention comprises an asphalt shingle having an upper fold portion and a splice portion which extends from the lower edge of the upper fold portion to the splice edge of the shingle. and comprises a series of tabs or fins separated by spaces extending from the upper fold portion to the splice edge, with an underlying element which is placed below and fixed to the fins and which fills the spaces therebetween. The fins and / or the underlying element can be multi-layered. The type of laminated shingle consisting of a single superposed element and a single underlying element is well known and illustrated, for example, in U.S. Pat.

Nos. 3,921,358 and 4,717,614. In the past, the application of a covering of mineral granules that have contrasts or nuances of colors that vary randomly, has been used to improve the effects of the shape of such bilaminated shingles and therefore have a surface that varies generally at random , which simulates the roofing elements of loose staves of wood or cedar. The coloration of the multi-layer shingles of the invention deviates from this mottled appearance of the prior art. The tejamanil of the present invention has at least two layers which are at different elevations and individually have a surface exposed to the view in the final assembly of the roof shingles of the platform or roof deck. Although each of such surfaces may be colored either randomly or systematically, at least one of the surfaces is colored differently from the other one (s) which is (are) a different elevation. The colored surface (s) in a different form is (are) covered by a granular material having at least one color and / or hue which is not possessed by the granules of the other or others. exposed surfaces. The differentiation of color surprisingly accentuates the difference in height between the layers of shingles. The coloring scheme is especially useful for the preferred laminated shingles whose exposed splice portion presents to the observer alternate fins and cut spaces backed by an underlying strip in the roof for the final roof, which constitute a plurality of shingles. By creating a high color contrast between the superposed fins and the underlying strip, the overall appearance of the thickness is greatly improved. In accordance with the process of the invention, one or more fiber sheets, which are to be formed in the shingles, are treated with a waterproofing, cementing composition, such as an asphalt or other bituminous material. The treatment includes surface treating the sheet or sheets with sufficient waterproof material to adhere to the granules such as broken rock, slates or other surface coating material. Although the complete outer face of the shingle, that is, the face which is higher when the shingle rests on a roof, is desirably covered over its full extent with a granular material, the outer portion of which is important for the effects of filled with color is that portion which is exposed to view when the shingles are deposited together in the overlapping routes on a roof. As a result, the portions of the sheet which ultimately reach These exposed portions are superficially treated in a beneficial way with granules that provide the color, to provide areas of different coloration, and a less decorative granular material, of lower cost, is used to superficially treat the portions of the sheet which are going to become the covered or hidden areas of the final assembly. The process is advantageously carried out continuously with the sheet (s) that are transported along a production line for sequential processing. The continuous process is especially useful in the production of laminated shingles from a single elongated sheet. The distinctly different coloration between the layers of finished shingles is easily achieved by applying at least two coatings colored differently from the granules with respect to the continuous advance sheet (s). A coating comprises an aggregate of colored granules having one or more colors and at least one other coating comprises a second aggregate of differently colored granules having one or more colors. The color difference is established by the presence between the granules of at least one of the aggregates of a multitude of granules that have at least a color and / or shade thereof, which is not present among the granules of the other aggregate. Each of these coatings is deposited on the sheet in the form of a continuous strip or zone extending longitudinally over the extension of the sheet. After this, a plurality of individual shingle layers are cut from each of the colored strips in a different manner. For example, in the construction of the preferred shingles having a superposition of trimmed fins of a color and an underlying exposed base of a different color, the process includes cutting the sheet along its longitudinal dimension to form therefrom. strips with a 'atas and without fins, elongated, colored differently. The finned strips (the superimposed elements) are then laminated to the finless strips (the underlying elements) to form composite strips which are cut transversely in the individual shingles of the invention. More than one strip with fins or without fins can be transformed into the composite laminate to increase the thickness of finished shingles. An important aspect of the present invention is that it allows laminated, multi-layered shingles, especially those with three or more layers, to be manufactured in a continuous and rapid manner.

Starting from a single sheet (s) of an indefinite length. Each of the steps involved in the formation of roof shingles, finishes, can be carried out on the material for the base roof (for example, the fiberglass mat), when the material continuously avastables. along the production line in the form of an elongated sheet and strips are cut therefrom. The steps carried out continuously include sealing the water to the sheet, coating it with mineral granules, cutting it along its length in elongated strips, laminating these strips together to form a multi-level, composite strip, and finally cutting the composite laminated strip in roofing shingles, individual. The granules can be applied before or after the sheet is cut into elongated strips, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,942, whose teachings regarding the manufacture of trilaminate shingles are incorporated herein for reference. In a preferred embodiment of the investment, the trilaminate shingles are continuously produced from a single elongated sheet which is water-tight and is coated on its upper surface with mineral granules before being cut into elongated strips. The first cut divides the sheet into two strips elongated, one much wider than the other. The narrow strip is biased to a position below the wide strip so that the longitudinal center lines of the two strips are in the same vertical plane, and the two strips are laminated together. Prior to rolling, the lower surface of the upper strip which is to be joined, is advantageously coated with an adhesive material. Additionally, the lower strip can be flipped from top to bottom prior to lamination so that the laminate of the two strips has the granules of the upper strip facing up or the granules of the lower strip facing down. In the embodiment where the wide and narrow strips are separated before the granules are applied to the first strip, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,869,942, the underlying strip of the laminate will not be covered by the granules. The resulting laminate is cut longitudinally into four elongated strips by three cuts, one cut along the centerline of the laminate, and a straight cut near each side edge and beyond the central bilayer portion of the laminate. The cuts near the lateral edges give after separation two narrow rectangular strips while the central cut forms a repeat configuration of interwoven double-thickness fins, so that during separation the central portion of the laminate produces two wider strips, each having a long straight edge and alternate double thickness fins and portions cut along its other long edge. Each of the narrow strips, which desirably have the same width, are cut wide enough to completely cover the underside of each of the fins of the wider strip and the spaces interposed between the fins. After the separation of the four elongated strips, each narrow strip is moved to a position where it underlies the fins of double layers on a respective one of the wider strips, with a long edge of the narrow strip aligned with the strips. external projection edges of the fins. The narrow strips thus placed are laminated to the underside of the fins. An adhesive is suitably applied to the exposed bottom sides of the fins on each of the wider separate strips prior to lamination. The two sheets of three strips, elongated, are finally cut into lengths suitable for shingles and packed. The continuous process thus provides a unique shingle structure having alternate fins and cutouts of two depth layers and an additional strip adhered along the underside of the fins to underlie the cut-out portions and of the fin. Similar to conventional bilaminates, this structure comprises a rectangular sheet having upper fold and splice portions. When these laminated shingles of the invention and the prior art are installed in successive off-center courses on a roof, their portions of the splice edge are exposed to view. Because the splice portion of the trilaminate shingle is three layers deep, with fins and cutouts of two depth layers and an additional layer under both the fins and the cutouts, the shingle has a bulky appearance that is approaching closely to that presented by the shingles of wood and tile. The extra thick appearance of the trilaminate shingles is considerably improved by means of the coloring technique of the invention. The coloration is easily effected during the continuous production described above of the shingles from a single elongated sheet. After the continuously advancing sheet is protected from water and its top surface is coated with an adhesive material, the colored granules are strategically applied in three elongated strips to the top surface. A first coating of colored granules is applied to that elongated section of the sheet which becomes the finned portions of the two complementary superpositions formed as above, while the second and third coatings of the differently colored granules are applied to the two elongated narrow sections of the sheet, which become the underlying strips of fins and interposed spaces.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figures 1 and 3 are schematic elevation views of a form of the apparatus by means of which laminated shingles can be manufactured in accordance with this invention; Figure 2 is a top plan view of a sheet of fibrous material partially coated with the granules according to the invention; and Figure 4 is a top plan view of the separated sheets after cutting and passage through a separator.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now to the drawings and more specifically to Figures 1 and 3 thereof, there is shown diagrammatically a complete process for forming shingles for multi-layer roofing according to the present invention. A rectangular continuous sheet or roll 10 of an indefinite length is unrolled from a roller (not shown) and fed along the production line. The sheet 10 is preferably a fiberglass mat but can also be made of an organic felt or other types of base material. The glass mat is generally approximately 101.6 cm (40 inches) up to 121.92 cm (48 inches) wide, and generally weighs from about 0.066 kg / m2 to 0.1466 kg / m2 (1.35-3.00 pounds / 100 ft2) . After the sheet 10 is fed over a series of engagers or crimpers 11-14 and between a pair of tensioning rollers 15 and 16 to apply a uniform tension, it is then passed to a station for the application of a coating of asphalt filling. The discharge pipe 17 supplies a layer of the asphalt coating 18 to the upper surface of the sheet 10 just before the contact line of the rotary rollers 19 and 20. The tank 21 is placed below the coating area to capture the asphalt step of the operation for application to the sheet by the back coating roll 20 submerged in the asphalt of the tank 21. The rollers of line 19 and 20 coact to apply the appropriate weight of the coating the asphalt to the sheet, with the contact line of the rollers that provides a pressure to ensure that the asphalt has impregnated the sheet properly. The heating units 22 maintain the coating asphalt at the appropriate temperature for the application. Downstream of roller 20 is another back coating roller 23, which is also immersed in the tank 21 to absorb the liquid asphalt and deposit it on the rear surface of the sheet 10. The sheet 10 can be covered by both rolls, as shown in Figure 1, or they can be subjected to a simple treatment by one or the other of the rollers. The excess asphalt is advantageously cleaned by rubbing the surface of the back coating roller (s) by a scraper blade (s) 24 or the like, installed on either one or the other. both of the rear cover roller (s) to ensure uniform application and to avoid excess asphalt. Downstream of the back coating application there is a foil or chipper blade 25 or the like, which removes the excess coating from the back or bottom surface of the sheet 10. The sheet 10 is further driven by a smoothing roll 26 and a carrier roll 27, such Rollers are generally heated. The stabilized asphalt coating 18 has a softening point as measured by ASTM D36 from about 90.55 to 126.66 ° C (195-260 ° F), more preferably from about 101.66 to 112.77 ° C (215-235 ° F), and it is usually applied in an amount from about 22.7 to 31.78 kg (50-70 pounds), more preferably in an approximate form from 24.97 to 29.51 kg (55-65 pounds), per 20.61 m2 (100 square feet) of sheet 10. The coating is advantageously maintained at approximately 193.33-232.22 ° C (380-450 ° F) before application to the sheet. After the coating step and while the coating material is still hot, soft and sticky, the coated sheet 10 passes under the surface treatment apparatus 28 from which the decorative granules are deposited on the upper surface of the sheet. The apparatus 28 includes a series of trays filled with mineral granules and placed on top of the longitudinally moving sheet. This known type of roofing machinery is equipped for depositing selectively the mineral granules contained in the trays on the adhesive top surface of the sheet 10 to effect the coloring of the invention. The apparatus 28 is externally equipped with sufficient trays to retain each collection of the granules to be applied to the sheet in the formation of the full color configuration that is developed on the sheet. The formation of a different, preferred color configuration in the manufacture of a trilaminate tejamanil of the invention can be illustrated with reference to the section 29 of the sheet 10 illustrated in Figure 2. In the treatment with mineral granules shown schematically in 2, the blade 10 is moving longitudinally under the apparatus 28 in the direction of the arrow. The deposition of the granules can be understood with reference to the lines extending longitudinally and transversely on the surface of the section 29 of the sheet, as shown in Figure 2. The four continuous lines extending longitudinally between the two edges lateral of the sheet, correspond to the cuts that are going to be made substantially in the formation of the laminated components of shingles, as described later. It is observed that there will be three straight cuts and a zigzag cut. The cutting configuration of Figure 2 is only one of many such configurations which could be used to produce the composite laminates. The two shaded lines that extend longitudinally to either side of the zigzag line, do not correspond to the eventual cuts but, in conjunction with the other five lines straight and parallel that extend longitudinally, including the side edges, demarcate six zones which are designated as AF areas. As indicated in Figure 2, the widths of the zones through the sheet 10 are as follows: Zone A - 24.13 cm (9 * _ inches); zones B and F - 16.51 cm (6 * _ inches); Zones C and E 17.78 cm (7 inches); and area D - 17.46 cm (6 7/8 inches). These six zones extend over the entire length of the sheet 10. The complete width of the sheet 10 as well as the number and widths of the areas to be colored may vary depending on factors such as the capacity of the apparatus and the number and size of shingles that are produced per unit length of the sheet. The discharges of the granules which are applied to the six zones of the section 29 are made from the aforementioned trays of the apparatus 28. The trays are contained in two applicator compartments, one so-called box mixed 30 and a box of spills 31. In progression along the production line, the sheet 10 first passes under the applicator box 30 which deposits granules on the area D, and then under the applicator 31, which deposits granules over all of the zones. As shown in Figure 2, the right side away from the section 29 of the sheet 10 has passed under both the applicator boxes 30 and 31 and consequently has granules covering all the areas, while the hand side left, which has passed below only the applicator box 30, has the granules covering only the selected portions of zone D. When the sheet 10 progresses further along the production line, the uncovered areas of section 29, of course, they will become covered by the granules discharged from the applicator box 31. The distinctive variation in color which distinguishes the individual shingles to be cut from the sheet 10 is achieved by depositing on the D zone mineral granules whose color differs impressively that of the granules deposited subsequently on zones B and F. In finished shingles which are located on the platform or roof cover, the layers coated with granules, exposed, cut from the area D are superimposed on the layers coated with granules, exposed, cut from zones B and F, as will be described more fully later. The observer will perceive on the roof a plurality of fins from the area D whose color emphasizes them intensely and is said to "lift" them from the underlying colored strips differently from zone B or zone F. In a preferred embodiment of In the invention, the exposed layers of the roof from the area D are in the form of an effectively random series of portions colored differently. To form this configuration at random, the applicator box (mixer) 30 is equipped with a group of trays, each of which contains granules colored in a different form for application to zone D. The content of each tray advantageously consists of combinations of the colored granules. The deposition of the mixtures was found to protect against surface fissures found with the use of uniquely colored granules. There must be a sufficient number of these trays to produce a random view of the surface of the roof. Suitably, there are at least four such trays each retaining different color combinations of mineral granules. The applicator box 30 of figure 1 has four such trays from which the mixtures of the The contained mineral granules are selectively dropped onto the upper surface of the sheet 10 when it passes beneath these trays. The average of the colored granules found in these four trays is contained in a tray of the applicator box 31 for the consecutive treatment of the area D described below. This average or composite of all the colored granules not only adds an aesthetically pleasing color variation but also allows the use of the inevitable accumulation of the spilled granules from the other trays. The selective fall of the mineral granules from the trays of the applicator box 30 leads to deposited bands of mineral granules (so-called "colored drops") on the zone D. The first four such bands of Figure 2, which are designated DI to DIV, are bordered by the dotted lines L which extend through the area D. The deposition from the applicator box 30 is interrupted in several places located randomly along the zone D, producing designated spaces S, which are not covered by the granules. After it passes under the applicator box 30, the sheet 10 then passes under the applicator box (for spills) 31, which is divided into a number of trays supplied with granular material and equipped for the simultaneous application of the granules through the sheet 10 to complete the coverage of zones A to F. One of these trays continuously supplies to zone D a mixture of colored granules the which represents the average of the granules deposited from the four trays of the applicator box 30. The designated space S of zone D becomes covered with this average mixture. Additionally, the granules of this mixture will be filled at the points left uncovered in the bands DI to DIV after the treatment of the surface by the applicator box 30. The applicator boxes 30 and 31 therefore provide together over the area D a series of drops or bands of color DI to DIV and S, each band has a variable length and a color which contrasts with the color of the mineral granules in the bands adjacent to it in the sheet completely covered with the granules. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, each of the drops or bands of color over the area D (joined by a pair of dotted lines) is approximately 27.94 cm (11 inches) in length along the sheet 10. Applicator boxes 30 and 31 are operated to alternate the droplets or color bands from the five trays of the mineral granules in an effectively random manner. The term "effectively "random" is used since the machinery is constructed to conform to a configuration of alternative color droplets which for the embodiment of Figure 2 are repeated only after 36 such color droplets.This drip cycle 36 leads to a configuration of such colored drops which, for practical purposes in the final roof covering of the invention, is not visually detectable from a non-repeated configuration, completely randomly.As shown in Figure 2, the first six combinations or color bands designated from the five trays containing the granules of the applicator boxes 30 and 31, which discharge onto the sheet 10 are DI, S, DII, S, DIII and DIV in this order from right to left. or band of color S, which constitutes the average color combination that could result from a combination of the colored granules of the drops or bands DI, DII, DIII and DIV, is applied twice come from your tray in this group of six drops or bands. When the sheet 10 advances, the applicator boxes 30 and 31 apply this same group of six color combinations, ie DI to DIV and S 'deposited twice), as a set on and above the zone D but with the sequence of the six drops changed from each set to the next. After the application of six sets ordered differently or a total of thirty-six drops of color, the cycle of these six sets is repeated above and above the full length of the sheet 10. The result of this coloring process is a color configuration, not repeated, indeed randomly, of the laminates overlays of shingles derived from zone D. As further illustrated below, these colored overlays contribute to highly pleasing compounds when used in combination with underlying wedges derived by the treatment of zones B and F with a coating of granules. colored differently. Continuous and concurrent with the dropping granules on the zone D, the applicator box 31 drips on each of the zones B and F a granular surface treatment material which may be the same or different from each of these two zones . The applicator box 31 is suitably equipped with one or two trays for the granular deposition on the zones B and F. The granules deposited on the zones B and F have a coloration distinctly different from that of the granules deposited in the zone D. noted above, the zones B and F of sheet 10 form, in fied shingles, underlying strips or wedges on the fins formed from zone D. A highly pleasing roof covering is obtained when the above described formation of alternative color droplets in zone D is accompanied by the treatment of both zones B and F with the mixed granules whose coloration is uniform over the entire length of the sheet 10 and is the same for both of these zones but differently from that of zone D. The difference in coloration to contrast zones B and F of zone D can be achieved in several ways, such as by applying to areas B and F or zone D granules of one (os) color (s) and / or hue (s) the one (s) which is (are) not (are) used (s) over zone D or zones B and F, respectively. Even when zones B and F and zone D have one or more colors of the granules, an intense contrast can still be obtained by using on the areas a sufficient amount of at least one color and / or hue of the granules not shared The combinations of the colored granules used for the five preferred tejamanil colorations of the invention are listed in the following Table 1. The designated amounts of the granules are applied as described above to zones D, B and F for a final treatment surface of the superposition / wedge compounds formed from these zones. For the presentation in Table 1 of the six colored combinations (DI, S, DII, S, DIII and DIV) of zone D is the order of its discharge on sheet 10, as shown in figure 2. The same six colored combinations are applied repeatedly in the production of shingles, with the order of their deposition made to vary as previously explained. The percentages by weight of the colored granules indicated in Table 1 for zones B and F are the same for both of these zones. Although the color combinations shown in the table are preferred embodiments, a multitude of other combinations are possible, of course, and fall within the scope of the present invention. The color coordinates of the granule mixtures of Table 1 were measured by a HunterLab Colorimeter Model No. D25. The brightness values ("L"), from green to red ("a") and from blue to yellow ("b") obtained, are given in the following Table 2. Table 2 also shows the average variation in the values of the color coordinates between zone D and zones B and F. The average variation for each coordinate is obtained by subtracting the value for the drop of color S from zone D of the value for zones B and F. The value of the drop of color S is chosen for the calculation because the drop of color S constitutes the average color mix on zone D and consequently the color coordinates of drop S are the average coordinates for drops of zone D The distinctive differences in coloration between zone D, which becomes the superimposed layer of shingle, and zones B and F, which become the shingle wedge, is evidenced by the differences in color coordinates shown in Table 2. Where, as in conventional bilaminate shingles, the wedge is treated superficially by a mixture of colored granules which constitutes the average of all the colored granules superficially covering the superimposed layer, there is no variation on the color coordinates between the superimposed and wedge portions of the shingle and on the average As a consequence, these bilaminate shingles lack the pleasant color contrasts that distinguish shingles from the present invention.

TftBLA 1 E_J_MFTJ_6 DE COLCHES Ee HUXJIU TABLE 2 __Jl (_l_t ___ EE LAS 0-CEE__f ___ S EE COLCR DEL, CO__RD_-I_ »Color Coordinates:" L "= brightness, black (0) to white (100)" a "= green (-) to red (+) "b" = blue (-) to yellow (+) Note: Color differences occur when "L" 1.0, "a" 0.6, "b" 0.6.

The applicator box 31 is additionally equipped with one or more trays for the application, simultaneously with the application of the continuous layers of the granules to zones B, D and F, of the continuous layers of the granules to zones A, C and E. As will be understood here later, the material of the last three zones forms portions which are not visible in shingles built and installed completely of the invention. Consequently, the granules deposited on these three zones are suitably low cost materials. As illustrated in Figure 1, after the stream of the granules is discharged from the applicator box 31 onto the sheet 10, the sheet rotates around the chip drum 32 which functions to intersperse the granular material in the top asphalt coating . In the continuous passage of the sheet 10 treated superficially, the excess granules fall from the sheet towards the applicator box 31 from which they are reapplied on the sheet. The rear part of the top sheet then becomes below the cooper 33 which contains talc, miera powder, or another composition capable of making the non-cement sheet again. The material of the cooler 33 is uniformly distributed on the rear part of the sheet of a distributor roller 34. The sheet for the coated ceiling at this point it generally weighs approximately 3.90-5.38 kg / m2 (80-110 pounds / 100 ft2). The sheet 10 then passes through a cooling section 35 which may simply involve spraying with water or a series of cooling rollers 36 around which the sheet 10 is entangled or crimped. In the finishing engaging or crimping station 37, the blade is fed on a series of rollers 38 which control their speed as it advances to the router (see figure 3). After the interleaving of the granular material on the sheet 10 by the slat drum 32 and prior to the blade grooving, the adhesive strips (not shown) are desirably applicable to the front or rear part of the sheet. In the cover for the final roof, this adhesive material acts as a self-sealing means to fix the shingles in a horizontal course with respect to those in the next upper or lower course. In this interval during the production of tejamanil, a release tape (also not shown) must be fixed to those portions of the sheet which in the finished and packaged shingles will come into contact with the aforementioned adhesive strips of the adjacent shingles. The adhesion in the packaging is prevented by means of this.

As shown on the left hand edge of Figure 3, the cooled sheet is pulled by the rollers 40 and 41 and divided longitudinally by a groove 39 in two portions, a broad sheet 10a and a narrow sheet 10b. The cutting can be effected by any suitable means, such as by a cutting wheel. Advantageously, the sheet of a width of 110.17 cm (43 3/8 inches) of the preferred embodiment of Figure 2 is cut along the line separating the zone A from the remainder of the sheet 10 or more specifically from the zones B to F. Accordingly, for this embodiment the router 39 cuts the sheets 10 into a sheet 10a which is 6.04 cm (33 7/8 inches) wide and a sheet 10b which is 24.13 cm (9 inches) of width. At this point both the main sheet 10a and the narrow strip 10b have granules interspersed on their upper surfaces. The sheets 10a and 10b are pulled and guided longitudinally by conventional rollers 42-44. The wide sheet 10a is fed on a rear coater 45 which comprises a tray 46 which contains asphalt and a drum 47, whose lower surface rotates on the asphalt tray 46. The drum 47 applies the asphalt from the tray to the central area on the rear side of the broad sheet 10a to form an adhesive coating zone approximately 22.86 cm (9 inches) wide to receive the strip 10b. He Adhesive can be applied as a continuous layer or as strips. The strip 10b passes over a guide bar 48 and then through another guide bar 49, and is displaced below the strip 10a so that the centerline of the narrowest strip is down and coincides with the centerline of the strip wider. With their central lines thus aligned and their surfaces covered by granules facing upwards, the two strips are brought into contact and the strip 10b is pressed against the underside coated with asphalt of the main strip 10a by the laminated rollers 50 to form a composite material of the two strips having a layer of granules that are on the upper surface of the composite and another layer of granules sandwiched between the strips 10a and 10b of the composite material. In a further embodiment of the invention, the strip 10b is twisted in its passage from the guide bar 48 to the guide bar 49 so that it is rotated from top to bottom and vice versa without the granules facing upwards to join the side Rear of strip 10a. This leads to the formation of a laminated composite material of the two strips with the granules on the opposite external faces. The laminated combination 10c of the strips 10a and 10b is fed to a cutting station 51 which is equipped to make three longitudinal cuts as length of this laminate. Each cutter suitably comprises an upper cutting wheel and a lower anvil-shaped roller. The cuts separate the laminated sheet 10c into four parts of indefinite length, which are separated at station 52. Station 52 desirably has drums which are set to rotate at angles in a related manner so that the four strips will proceed on separate trajectories along the production line. Figure 4 provides a top view illustrating four lOd-10g strips separated from a section of the laminate 10c. These four strips are beneficially derived by making the three cuts along the zigzag line continuously and adjacent to two continuous lines (on each side of the zigzag line) illustrated on section 29 of the figure sheet 2. The cut along the zig zag line leads to a series of intertwined fins 53,53 'and the intermediate cut-outs 54 over the length of the strips lOe and lOf. With reference to the zones A to F of the sheet 10, it is observed that the separated strips 10 and 10 correspond to the zones F and B, respecti, and the separated strips 10 and 10 correspond to the complementary strips of the zones C, D and E. Each of the strips lOe and lOf has fins which are of the thickness of two layers because of the previous lamination of the zone A under the portion of the zones C, D and E. Advantageously, the strips lOe and lOf are each 33,655 cm (13 H inches) wide and the strips 10 and 10 are each 16.51 cm (6 * _ inches) wide . The lOe and lOf strips continue on the 55.55 'adhesive applicators. The upper adhesive applicator 55 comprises an applicator drum 56 and a tundish 57 in which the applicator drum is partially submerged. The laminated strip 10 moves on the upper surface of the drum 56 which applies an adhesive from the tundish 57 to the underside of the fins 53 of the strip 10e. Similarly, the lower applicator 55 ', with the drum 56' and the tundish 57 ', applies the adhesive to the underside of the fins 53' of the strip lOf. After being cut from the laminated sheet 10c in the cutting station 51, the strips 10d and 10g are transported on the conveyor devices 58 and 59 and displaced or deflected by wedge shifters 60 and 61 so that they become aligned with the outer edges of the fins of the strips 10 and 10 respecti, thus depositing both the fins and the cut-out portions of the last two strips. Each of the wedge shifters suitably comprises a non-radial roller which rotates about an axis at an angle with respect to the conveyor device 58 or 59. The strips lOd and lOg are laminated to the fins 53 and 53 'of the strips lOe and lOf, respecti, by the laminating drums 62 and 63. These drums provide the surfaces against which the lOd and lOg strips are retained against the fins of the superimposed strips lOe and lOf in the formation of three-layer strips 64 and 65. After the production of the composite strips 64 and 65, the same with transported strips to a cutting station 66, wherein each is cut transversely along its length in shingles of the desired length by the transverse cutters or any other suitable cutting mechanism. An appropriate length is 98.43 cm (38 H inches), as shown in Figure 2 for two portions of section 29 of the sheet. The composite strips 64 and 65 can be cut individually or they can be placed one on top of the other so that they are cut together in the shingles of the invention. The resulting shingles are transported for packing to station 68.

It is noted that in relation to this date the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following 15 20 25

Claims (20)

1. A roof covering, characterized in that it is composed of a plurality of multi-row roof tiles, manufactured continuously, surface coated by granules and deposited in paths superimposed on a roof, each shingle comprises at least two layers placed one above the other, the layers they become water-tight and are laminated together, at least a portion of the upper surface of the uppermost layer is covered with a first aggregate of colored granules and at least a portion of the upper surface of the at least one underlying layer is exposed and covered with a second aggregate of colored granules, the shingles are placed on the roof so that the first and second aggregates of the colored granules on each shingle are exposed, all of the first aggregates are selected from a first group of granules that have one or more colors and the totality of the second aggregates s selected from a second different group of granules having one or more colors, with a plurality of granules having at least one color and / or shade thereof present between at least one of the aggregates of each shingle, not present among the granules from the other aggregate of tejamanil, from so that a nice color contrast is created and the difference in elevation between the upper and lower layers is accentuated.

2. The cover for the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that each shingle is a laminate having 2 to 5 layers.

3. The cover for the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the colors of the whole of the first and second aggregates of the colored granules are distributed so that they are present in any place in a random or non-random color configuration. the uppermost layers and in a random or non-random color configuration over the underlying layers.

4. The cover for the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the colors of all the first and second aggregates of the colored granules are distributed to present everywhere a random color configuration on the uppermost layers and a configuration of non-random color over the underlying layers.

5. The cover for the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the uppermost layer has an upper fold portion and a splice portion which extends from the lower limit of the upper fold portion to the connecting edge of the upper edge. layer and comprises a series of fins separated by spaces extending from the upper fold portion to the splice edge, and the exposed underlying layer is positioned below and attached to the fins and fills the spaces therebetween.

6. The cover for the roof according to claim 5, characterized in that each tejamanil is a bi or trilaminate.

7. The cover for the roof according to claim 1, characterized in that each shingle comprises: an upper fibrous layer, of substantially rectangular shape, the upper surface of the fibrous layer is coated with asphalt and has a layer of granules on it, the The fibrous layer has alternate fins and portions cut along one of its longitudinal edges, and the granules on the alternate fins are a first aggregate of colored granules; an intermediate fibrous layer with at least one surface coated with asphalt and an upper surface adhered to the lower surface of the upper fibrous layer, the intermediate fibrous layer is of a substantially rectangular shape, the width of the intermediate fibrous layer is substantially less than width of the upper fibrous layer and wider than the portions cut into the upper fibrous layer, the intermediate fibrous layer has along one of its longitudinal edges cut out portions and of alternative fins and the cut and fin portions on the fib layer - .sa intermediate are aligned with the trimmed portions and fins on the upper fibrous layer; and a lower fibrous layer with at least one surface coated with asphalt and a top surface adhered to the lower surface of the intermediate fibrous layer, the lower fibrous layer is substantially rectangular in shape and narrower in width than the upper fibrous layer and less as wide as the cut portions of the upper fibrous layer, a longitudinal edge of the lower fibrous layer is aligned with the projecting edges of the fins of the upper and intermediate fibrous layers and the upper surface of the lower fibrous layer has a second aggregate of colored granules on it; the first fibrous layer, and the intermediate and lower fibrous layers by means of this define a substantially rectangular tejamanil with an edge having a splice portion of three depth layers, with cut and fin portions of two layers of depth and with a layer below the trimmed portions and the fin, the difference in elevation between the fins and the underlying layer of the splice portion is accentuated by the granules colored differently on their upper surfaces.

8. The cover for the roof according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermediate fibrous layer has a layer of granules thereon.

9. The cover for the roof according to claim 7, characterized in that each fibrous layer comprises a fiberglass mat.

10. The cover for the roof according to claim 7, characterized in that the colors of the whole of the first and second aggregates of the colored granules are distributed to present at any place a random or non-random color configuration on the upper fibrous layers and a random or non-random configuration on the lower fibrous layers.

11. The cover for the roof according to claim 7, characterized in that the colors of the whole of the first and second aggregates of the colored granules are distributed to present at any place a random color configuration on the upper fibrous layers and a configuration of non-random color on the lower fibrous layers.

12. A method for continuously producing a plurality of rolled shingles, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: (a) continuously advancing an indefinite length of a fibrous sheet, (b) making the sheet watertight, (c) adhering the granules to the upper surface of the sheet, including a first, a second and a third colored granule coatings to cover the first, second and third rectangular strips, respectively, of the sheet, each colored strip having a predetermined width and an indefinite length, he The first coating comprises a first aggregate of colored granules selected from a first group of granules having one or more colors and the second and third coatings each comprising a second aggregate of colored granules selected from a second, different group of granules having one or more colors, being present among at least one of the aggregates a multitude of the granules having at least one color and / or a nuance thereof not present among the granules of the other aggregate, (d) cutting off two independent superimposed strips from the sheet. long lengths making (i) a first longitudinal cut to form a repeat configuration of interlaced fins on the first colored strip and (ii) second and third elongated cuts straight beyond and parallel to each side edge of the first colored strip of such so that the two elongated superimposed strips so formed are of a substantially identical shape and each have a straight long edge. dinal and alternative fin and fin portions along its other longitudinal edge, (e) cutting from the sheet the second and third colored strips, the second and third colored strips are substantially identical in shape and each is wide enough to cover the trimmed portions of each superimposed strip, (f) moving each colored strip formed in step (e) to a position where it is deposited under the colored fins on a respective one of the superimposed strips, a long edge of the underlying strip is aligned with the outer projection edges of the fins and the colored granules on the superimposed strip and the underlying strip face upwards, (g) laminate together each of the superimposed strips and the underlying strips as they were placed in step (f), and (h) cut the elongated laminates in preset lengths to form a plurality of shingles.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the first aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present at any place a random or non-random color configuration on the first colored strip and the second aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present in any place a color configuration at random or not at random on the second and tei. _ra colored strips.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the first aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present at any place a random color configuration on the first colored strip and the second aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present at any place a non-random color configuration on the second and third colored strips.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises prior to step (d), the additional steps of: (a) cutting from the sheet an indefinitely long rectangular strip which is not covered by the colored granules adhered to the step (c) and has a predetermined width substantially less than the width of the sheet before cutting, and m-'wide than the first colored strip, (b) displacing the elongated uncovered strip, formed in step (a) to a position below the sheet, to place the longitudinal center line of the uncovered strip in the same vertical plane as the center line of the first colored strip, with the colored granules of the first colored strip facing up, and (c) laminate together the first colored upper strip and the lower uncovered strip as placed in step (b), to form a bilayer portion, and wherein the two elongated overlapping strips are formed by making the first longitudinal cut through the bilayer portion and making the second and third longitudinal cuts straight beyond and parallel to each side edge of the bilayer portion, whereby each elongated laminate of an overlapping strip and of an underlying strip has alternate, colored, double-cropped, trimmed and finned portions, deposited by the underlying strip throughout of a longitudinal edge.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises, prior to the formation of two elongated superimposed strips, to laminate at least one additional indefinitely long rectangular strip, to the underside of the bilayer portion, the surface of each additional strip it is coextensive with the surface of the bilayer portion to form two elongated superimposed strips having alternative colored fins which are at least three times as thick.

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the strip indefinitely long rectangular cut from the sheet in step (a) has low cost granules adhered to its upper surface.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the first aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present at any place a random color configuration on the first colored strip and the second aggregate of the colored granules is adhered to present at any place a non-random color configuration on the second and third colored strips.

19. A roof shingle, trilaminate, characterized in that it comprises an upper fibrous layer, of substantially rectangular shape, the upper surface of the fibrous layer is coated with asphalt and has a layer of granules on it, the fibrous layer has fins and portions cut out alternatives along one of its longitudinal edges, and the granules on the alternative fins are selected from a first group of colored granules having one or more colors; an intermediate fibrous layer with at least one surface covered with asphalt and an upper surface adhered to the lower surface of the layer superior fibrous, the intermediate fibrous layer is substantially rectangular in shape, the width of the intermediate fibrous layer is substantially less than the width of the upper fibrous layer and wider than the portions cut into the upper fibrous layer, the intermediate fibrous layer has a along one of its long edges trimmed portions and fins, alternatives, and fins and the? portions cut out on the intermediate fibrous layer are aligned with the fins and portions cut on the upper fibrous layer; and a lower fibrous layer with at least one surface coated with asphalt and an upper surface adhered to the lower surface of the intermediate fibrous layer, the lower fibrous layer is substantially rectangular in shape and narrower in width than the upper fibrous layer and at least as wide as the cut portions of the upper fibrous layer, a longitudinal edge of the lower fibrous layer is aligned with the projecting edges of the fins of the upper and intermediate fibrous layers and the upper surface of the lower fibrous layer has a layer of granules thereon, the granules are selected from a second group different from the colored granules having one or more colors, being present between either the granules on the surface of the fins or the granules on the surface of the layer fibrous lower, or both, a multitude of granules having at least one color and / or shade thereof not present between the granules on the other surface; the first fibrous layer, and the intermediate and lower fibrous layers define by this a substantially rectangular tejamanil with an edge having a splice portion of three depth layers, with fins and portions cut out of two layers of depth and with a layer under the fins and portions cut out, the difference in elevation between the fins and the underlying layer of the splice portion is accentuated by the granules colored differently on their upper surfaces.

20. The roof shingle, trilaminate, according to claim 19, characterized in that the first group of colored granules is distributed to present a random color configuration on the alternative fins and the second group of colored granules is distributed to present a configuration of non-random color on the lower fibrous layer.