MXPA97005143A - Set of construction parts for didactic games-educati - Google Patents

Abstract

It is formed mainly by parallelepiped base pieces with a perimetral groove in its edge for insertion of tongues emerging from some of the edges, there are provided at least one axial emptying receiver of another piece materialized by a cylindrical stepped button that can rotate in its housing having four peripheral axial pins that lodge in an annular recess of the base piece, concentric to the respective emptying, both the annular recesses and the axial pins are on both sides, the cylindrical button has a diametral groove open to the periphery; other triangular pieces by diagonally cutting the square base pieces, also having interconnection projections and recesses, including hinge-like parts whose blades are similar to the square base pieces, also has covers that can be fitted together and in the axial recess by recess annular of any of the other pieces, existing also cap s triangular as half elements, it is allowed to form on a board of base pieces, mosaic drawings with square caps and triangular

Description

SET OF CONSTRUCTION PARTS PflRR DIDflCTIC-EDUCATIONAL GAMES.

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a set of construction pieces for didactic-educational games, with which relevant and advantageous characteristics are provided in the development of this type of games, increasing versatility mainly for the development of three-dimensional geometric shapes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the Patent of Invention No. P-9300595 whose applicant is the same of the present invention, a didactic-educational game was made known to perform elementary arithmetic operations that was integrated by a series of pieces or elements that could be combined together, joining of coplanar form with the help of a few slats of lengths corresponding to the sides, fitting in a slot or perimetral groove existing in the pieces materialized by plates of a general rectangular shape »There are representative plates of digit numbers, from the" one "that is materialized by a small plate with a quadrangular surface and equivalent to one tenth of the surface representative of the number "ten", all of them having cylindrical ledges staggered and existing as many as or the number they represent. These plates have lower recesses to allow stacking to fit properly. There are also a series of figurative pieces that can be assembled in the perimeter groove of the plates to allow studying the spatial concepts of left, right, top, etc. In the Certificate of Addition to this aforementioned Patent and whose application number is 9400464, some improvements were introduced in Invention Patent nS P-9300595 based mainly on the following: Are some crimp parts incorporated? of the various numerical templates, in the form of "X" or "double X" fitting into the stepped cylindrical projections. The templates with figures adopt in this case a structure of rectangular mold where they fit the suitable numerical templates for identification of the number with its graph. Other rigid angled parts, or articulators are also contemplated to be able to change planes and adopt different angular positions. The stepped cylindrical projections have different diametrical cuts to be able to place other pieces or cards in vertical position and in different orientations, these plates having the corresponding perimetral slot in their edges.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, the set of construction pieces for didactic-educational games, which constitutes the object of the present invention, allows the development of a didactic-educational game, as well as the creation of constructions with their different pieces, being able to do so. in turn combine or be part of other elements developed previously by the same applicant and discussed in the section "background of the invention". As a basic main piece we can mention what is called a base piece of parallelepiped shape and carrier of achi-interconnected media for coplanar coupling with other similar base pieces. These base pieces are flat and of a thickness that allows the location of the coplanar coupling perimetral groove by means of tabs or flat extensions. These tabs can be independent or given as extensions of the pieces themselves in some of their edges. The base pieces are provided with at least one through hole in their larger faces, in which the respective stepped cylindrical button can be connected that defines another of the fundamental types of parts of this set. The cylindrical button is stepped and can rotate in its housing by being provided with peripheral axial tabs that play in an annular recess of the base part, which occupies a position concentric to the respective emptying thereof. The annular recesses of the base pieces are arranged on both sides thereof, as are the anchoring pins of the stepped cylindrical button. This allows the insertion of the cylindrical button on the top or on the bottom of the base part. These buttons are also stackable by having a cylindrical inner recess on the wall of which the end step of another stepped cylindrical button penetrated below penetrates. The buttons also include a diametral cut for insertion of the tabs of the plates that materialize the base pieces, or any other type of plate, and even pieces of cardboard in constructive plastic activities. By rotating the button on the annular housings of the base plates, an exact rotation degree of the diametral cut is achieved. These stable positions are obtained by providing in the annular recesses small teeth that play with the axial pins of the button. With respect to these axial pins of the cylindrical buttons, we can say that they are advantageously four and every two consecutive are at a distance corresponding to the thickness of the porpie base pieces, which allows them to be placed in vertical position and in two positions rotated 90 °. To achieve a greater grip, it has been foreseen that the axial lugs, at least the lower ones, have in their flanks small bulges that fit in the grooves existing in the larger faces of the base pieces, close to the edges that mark the outline of said base pieces. These base pieces can therefore have a square shape with an axial recess in the center and a concentric annular recess in each face. It also has a perimeter groove and two tabs or flat extensions located in two consecutive songs. To increase the fixation in the coplanar coupling, these tabs may include small snap-in pressure bumps. The surface of the different parallelepiped base pieces corresponds to a multiple of this elementary surface of the square base part. These base pieces, regardless of whether they have the cylindrical button mounted, or lack it, are representative of digit numbers, up to a maximum of ten, defined by the corresponding number of axial recesses that it includes. In operations of sums with different base pieces, until the formation of the ten, some strips with a longitudinal depression are used in one of their faces, or in both, in which the ten will be formed. These strips also advantageously have a perimetral groove and tabs in their contour to allow their use in constructions as well as the base parts themselves. In order to identify the length of the base pieces with the digit number they represent, each of the different types can be included in the respective recess provided in a rectangular plate that will advantageously also have the perimeter slot for inserting cardboards or the reeds of other parts of the game. Inside each of these boxes (from one to ten) is marked the number with its graph and the layout of it, incentivized with the mnemonic drawings that, optionally, would be placed around the holes of the graph. Another one of the construction pieces is defined as "half" elements of the square base piece, being divided into two complementary triangular parts and that may or may not include axial emptying, although having the annular recess for inserting the cylindrical buttons , on both sides. Each of these triangular portions includes on one of the legs the corresponding lateral tab of coplanar coupling. The machi-shaped coupling of both triangular halves is made possible by having both with complementary projections and recesses, the projections being advantageously located in the same energetic and at a distance from each other that corresponds to the diameter of the concentric annular recess of the base part., to enable the coupling in a perpendicular position. To achieve the change of planes and the angular-hinged turn and with different stable positions that cover 180 ° by turning 90 ° in both directions, there are some base pieces, square, similar to the previous ones but that they have in one of their tongue-free edges a pair of side-by-side parallel and perpendicular to its plane, between which a complementary projection provided on the other similar base part is coupled, these parts thus acting as one hinge blades. The edges of these blades that come close, are advantageously bevelled at 45 °. Another type of parts that intervene in the construction set that we are dealing with, consists of square caps, provided inferiorly with an annular projection (continuous or discontinuous) that can be fitted in the coaxial annular recess of the base pieces. These covers have on the upper face and in correspondence with the annular projection of the lower face, with an annular channel that allows stacking between caps. These lids can also be provided with a cylindrical cylindrical pin, hollow and of a corresponding diameter with the axial emptying of the base pieces, for insertion in the inverted position and open more possibilities for assembly of parts in the construction. Another type of pieces, functionally similar with the covers, is determined by triangular pieces obtained by diagonal cutting of the square caps. These covers completely occupy the surface of a square base part. With the base pieces both square and elongated, as well as with the triangular base pieces, a rectangular panel can be formed as a board, or follow the contour of a desired drawing, you can get a motif drawn in mosaic using the covers square or triangular precise, not being necessary the use of cylindrical buttons. If it is desired to change the plane or the formation of three-dimensional structures, mosaic drawings can also be made using, in addition to the pieces recently described, the hinge parts, the structures departing from them being thus collapsible. It is also envisaged that another of the pieces of this construction set is defined by spacers that allow the coplanar coupling, although distant, of the base pieces, without the need for said base pieces to be interconnected by machi-seeding during the housing. extensions of one of them in the perimeter slot of the other. The cross section of these spacer pieces is "h" and the horizontal walls have their free curved-concave edge to adapt to the contour of the stepped cylindrical buttons. This makes it possible to dispense with the linear strips for the formation of tens, which are thus slightly separated by these spacer pieces.

As we had previously indicated, thanks to the rotary arrangement adopted by the cylindrical button in the axial housing of the various base pieces, it is possible to position the upper external diametral groove in the desired angular position. The same could also be achieved, although not with so many degrees of freedom, if the base pieces included a star-shaped axial emptying on one of their faces and on the other an orthogonal extension or fin diametrically. In the stacked coupling, the tongue could be inserted into the selected groove of this starred cast or in a radiated form. To facilitate the understanding of the features of the invention and forming an integral part of this specification, some sheets of drawings are attached in whose figures, the following has been represented with an illustrative and non-limiting character: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1.- It is a perspective view of a square base part including a cylindrical button inserted through its lower face, also showing in exploded form a second cylindrical button arranged superiorly. Figure 2.- It is a cross section of a square base part with a cylindrical button inserted through its lower face.

Figure 3.- Is a plan view of a square base piece which has three cylindrical buttons mounted in different positions, carrying one of these cylindrical buttons connected perpendicularly to another square base part. Figure 4 is a perspective view of a pair of parts of the construction set, generally triangular in shape and complementing a square base piece, both having interconnection means to achieve their machi-hemmed arrangement. Figure 5.- It is a perspective view of another of the integral parts of the construction set, defined as a hinge element, this being formed by the articulation of two blades similar to respective square baee pieces. Figure 6.- It is a perspective view of a rectangular board that takes a motif drawn in mosaic, achieved by using snap-on lids in the axial recess or annular recess of the baee pieces, these covers being of two types: square and triangular. Figure 7.- It is a perspective view of one of the square caps of lace for the formation of a mosaic pattern, being able to see superiorly the obverse of the piece, and inferiorly its reverse. Figure 8.- It is a perspective view of the triangular lids, obtained by diagonal cutting of the square lids of figure 7. Figure 9.- It is a perspective view of a piece similar to the square lid, with a coaxial cylindrical extension of greater length than the covers and of smaller surface of contour, usable as an element of extraction of the own covers, by the superior part of the board. Figure 10.- It is a perspective view of a didactic-educational game that includes a set of construction pieces, forming a doll. Figure 11.- It is a schematic perspective view of a part of the construction set, which defines a template with figures to house in their respective recesses, different base pieces depending on the number of holes of inertia of cylindrical buttons whose number determines the figure correspondent. Figure 12.- It is a perspective view of another of the pieces included in the construction set, defined by a strip with a location placement of base pieces to totalize the formation of a dozen, in didactic-educational operations, being able to be used also for construction to be provided with means of machi-hernbrado coupling. Figure 13.- It is a perspective view of a board formed with base pieces grouped in dozens, each of which is separated in parallel from the adjoining ones by dietary pieces included in the proposed construction set, being used for the formation of numbers and operations carried out with them.

Figure 14.- It is a plan view to observe the union of two square base pieces, by means of a separating piece included in the construction set, corresponding to the detail in perspective of this same figure.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the numbering adopted in the figures, we can see that the set of construction pieces for didactic-educational games, which the invention advocates, includes a type of pieces defined by the square base pieces 1, in a parallelepiped way and in the case of figure 1 of quadrangular contour, being this the elementary surface of the base pieces 1. The rest of base pieces has a multiple surface of the previous one, up to the one of greater length that includes ten elementary units. The base pieces include a perimetric groove 2 for tongue-and-groove coupling of each other, since the tongues 3 exist in two contiguous edges. The quadrangular base part 1 includes an axial insert 4 of the cylindrical button 5. Counting on both sides with respective annular recesses 6 in which play the peripheral axial pins 7 of the cylindrical button 5, emerging from the cirucular crown 8, on both sides thereof to enable the insertion of the cylindrical button on the upper or lower part of the plate base 1, as we had previously indicated. The reference 9 designates the diametral groove of the upper part of the cylindrical button 5, which opens to the sides, having a smaller width in them, as can be clearly seen in figure 1. In figure 2 we can see the coupling of the cylindrical button 5 by the lower part of the base part 1, the four upper legs 7 of the first one being housed in the annular recess 6 of the lower face of the base part 1. If the insertion had been made by the upper part, the lower legs would be 7 of the cylindrical button 5 which would be introduced into the annular recess 6 of the upper face of the base part 1. In this way the stacking of different base pieces 1 is easily achieved. By now making special reference to Figure 3, we can see or because the thickness of the base pieces 1 corresponds to the distance between axial pins 7 of the lower face of the cylindrical buttons 5, the part baee 1 can be placed on p > the perpendicular to the cylindrical button, being retained between said axial lugs 7, stabilizing the centered position of the coupling, by providing small bulges 10 in the contact surface of the lugs 7, nestable in respective grooves 11 of the larger faces of the base pieces 1, arranged in proximity to the edges of its perimeter.

In order to stabilize the relative rotational position between the cylindrical button 5 and the base part 1, the walls of the annular recess 6 of the latter include small teeth 12 which cooperate with the axial lugs 7 of the cylindrical button 5. In figure 4 they are referenced with the numbers 13 and 14 are the triangular pieces designated as "half" elements of the square base pieces 1, having a contour in the form of a right triangle in one of whose legs there is the corresponding tongue 3 of coplanar coupling between different base pieces. The edge corresponding to the hypotenuse carries the axial half-relief 4 of the base part 1. These triangular pieces 13 and 14 therefore include the peripheral groove 2 and the corresponding part of the annular recess 6. Both parts can be interconnected in a tongue-and-groove manner by including piece 13 the pair of ealientee 15 and be provided with the second of the recesses 16. The separation of the projections 15 corresponds to the diameter of the annular recess 6, to enable the coupling of this half part with a base part arranged orthogonally. In figure 5 is referenced in general with the number 17 other of the components of the. construction set that materializes a hinged body having articulated their blades or semipartes of the hinge, each of them defined by respective pieces similar to the base pieces 1 because they have the perimetric groove, tongues, axial emptying and annular recess to allow different couplings of different pieces. In the enlarged detail of this figure 5 we can see how to maintain stable the different angular positions of the hinge, corresponding to the coplanar position of the blades, at 45 ° and at 90 °, in either direction. We can see that the edges of the blades are bevelled at 45 ° to facilitate the angular position of 90 °. Now making special reference to figures 6 to 9, we can see how mosaic drawings are obtained by using certain parts of the construction set, materialized by the base pieces 1 to form the rectangular board in this case, and by the snap-on lids 19 and others similar triangular shapes obtained by diagonal cutting of the previous ones. These triangular covers are referenced with the number 20. The covers 19 are stackable by having an annular projection on the lower face and an annular channel on the upper face, in confronting positions. Advantageously, these covers 19 are provided with a hollow coaxial cylindrical pin, for insertion in the inverted position in the axial emptying of the base pieces 1, which may be of the most convenient height. In figure 9 we see referenced with the number 21 an extraction tool for lids 19 and 20, whose cylindrical coaxial lug is of noticeable greater length to allow gripping. The quadrangular contour of this extractor tool 21 is smaller than that corresponding to the lids 19 so as not to interfere with the contiguous ones when a motif decorated in mosaic is being formed, such as the butterfly shown in figure 6. In figure 10 we can see different base pieces 1 (of square outline in this embodiment), used together with hinged pieces 17 and triangular pieces 13 and 14 for the formation of a doll. In figure 11 we can see referenced with the number 22 a rectangular template that includes parallel recesses or recesses 23 adapted to the dimensions of the base pieces 1, having different length to correspond with the correlative numbering that marks the figure located in this embodiment , in the lower part of the recesses themselves or recessed. These templates 22 have a perimetral groove 2 to enable their coplanar coupling with other components of the construction. By means of this peripheral groove, or by means of clamps 24, cardboard can be placed to shape an object, doll, animal, or place, thus achieving a generator of situations to stimulate the student to operate mathematically. Another of the components of the construction set, is generally referenced with the number 25 in Figure 12 and represents a strip with a recess or rectangular recess 23 in which can be placed base pieces 1 to complete the "decade" formed in this case with two base pieces of five axial recesses each, representative of the number five and which may or may not include the cylindrical buttons 5. This strip 25 includes the peripheral groove 2 and side tabs for coplanar coupling between various strips and / or templates 22, as well as being able to join copied to the own base pieces 1. The width of the strip 25 corresponds to twice the dimension corresponding to the side of the base pieces 1 and the length corresponds to thirteen times the length of the side of said piece square base. In figures 13 and 14 we can see referenced with the number 26 the separating pieces with "H" cross section to separate and distinguish by tens the base pieces 1 that are formed by operating in the formation of hundreds. Thus, in the example of figure 13, the number 76 is already formed, which can constitute a sum of another number formed up to the totalization of the hundred materialized by ten parallel alignments separated by the separating pieces 26.

Claims (19)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - That includes a parallelepiped base piece with machi-hernbrated interconnection means for coplanar coupling to other base pieces, having a periretral groove in its edges for insertion of tongues or flat pieces, independent or fixed as extensions in some of the lobs songs; characterized in that it includes a cylindrical piece that is materialized by a stepped cylindrical button (5), connectable to the base part (1) in a parallelepiped shape, provided with at least one axial recess (4) receiver, the button (5) being able to rotate in its housing being provided with peripheral axial tabs (7) that are housed in an annular recess (6) of the base part (1), concentric to the respective recess (4) thereof; the end of the legs being thick and the "C" section having the annular recess (6) receiving the base part (1), for fitting. 2.- According to claim 1, wherein both the annular recesses (6) of the base part (1) and the axial lugs (7) of the cylindrical button (5), exist on both sides to allow the insertion of the cylindrical button (5) by the upper or lower part of the base part (1). 3. According to claims 1 or 2, in which the upper part of the cylindrical button (5) is provided with a diametral groove (9) that opens to the periphery. 4. According to claims 1 to 3, in which the axial tabs (7) of the cylindrical button (5), at least the lower ones, have on their flanks small bulges (10) for fitting in respective slits (11) existing in the major faces of the base pieces (1), when placing this one of edge and in diametral position with respect to the cylindrical button (5), when being fixed between the lugs (7) and in two vertical positions rotated 90 °, to correspond the separation between pins (7) with the thickness of the base piece (1). 5. According to any of the preceding claims, wherein the annular recesses (6) of the base pieces (1) for insertion of the pins (7) of the cylindrical button (5), are provided with small teeth (12) that play with the pins (7) of the button (5) to mark different stable positions for the diametral slot (9) of the cylindrical button (5). 6. According to any of the preceding claims, wherein the upper and lower pins (7) of the buttons (5) allow the stacking of the base pieces (1), this stacking also being achieved between base pieces (1) by means of snap-in sockets by their ends in the respective annular recesses (6) of said base pieces (1). 7. According to claim 6, in which the ferrules have their crenellated edges forming in the manner of legs similar to those of the cylindrical buttons (5), in equal number and geometry. 8. According to any of the preceding claims, wherein the base pieces (1) are square contoured and have a single axial recess (4), with two side tabs (3), fixed or independent, in two consecutive edges . 9.- According to claim 8, characterized in that the base piece (1), square, is divided into two complementary triangular parts (13, 14), including or not axially emptied (4), carriers of respective side tabs (3) coupling coplanar, each one of them having in its corners corresponding to the hypotenuses, on each side of the axial recess (4), some projections (15) and additional recesses (16) to allow their machi-indenting coupling. 10.- According to claim 9, in which the projections (15) are in the same direction (13) and at a mutual distance that corresponds to the diameter of the concentric annular recess (6) of the base part (1), to allow the coupling of this component (13) with a piece base (1) arranged orthogonally. 11.- According to claim 8, characterized in that it includes an articulated piece (17) defined by two square base pieces, one of which has on one of its tongue-free edges, respective legs parallel to each other and perpendicular to its plane for coupling with a complementary projection provided in the other similar square base piece, allowing to jointly form a hinged body with different stable angular positions and covering 180 °; the proximal longitudinal edges of both blades of the hinge being bevelled at 45 ° to allow rotation of 90 ° in one or the other direction. 12.- According to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes covers (19) provided bottom of a projection engageable in the axial recess (4) or coaxial annular recess (6) of the base pieces (1) square, rectangular elongated , of the complementary triangular pieces (13, 14), or of the blades of the hinged bodies (17). 13. According to claim 12, wherein the lids (19) have an annular projection inferiorly and carry an annular channel on the upper face, in correspondence with the annular projection of the lower face, thus being stackable with each other and being able to be provided with a hollow coaxial cylindrical pin for insertion in the inverted position in the axial recess (4) of the base pieces (1). 14. According to claim 13, wherein the lower annular projection of the cover (19) is discontinuous and has four sections whose separation allows the orthogonal arrangement, in two positions, of another cover (19) or a folded cardboard or similar . 15.- According to any of claims .1.2 a 14, in which the lids (19) are divided into two parts ") (20) when being cut by a diagonal plane. 16.- According to claim 1, characterized p > or which includes rectangular templates (22), provided with perimetric groove (2) and in whose surface there are parallel recesses (23) for fitting base pieces (1) square and other elongated defining the multiples of the square elementary surface, up to the one corresponding to the number ten, having marked and graded its corresponding figure. 17.- According to claim 1, characterized in that it includes rectangular strips (25) with perimetric groove (2) and coplanar coupling tabs, on whose surface there is a longitudinal recess (23) for insertion of the base part (1) carrying ten Axial recesses (4), or the combination of other minor base parts (1). 18. Set of didactic-educational construction, characterized in that it includes: base pieces (1) provided with at least one axial recess (4) and concentric annular recesses (6), with a perimetral groove (2) and coplanar coupling tongues ( 3), triangular base pieces (13, 14) obtained by cutting the square base pieces (1), according to a diagonal plane and having means of machi-threaded coupling (15, 16) between them, square tops (19) provided with a continuous or discontinuous annular projection on its lower face for insertion into the annular recess of the base pieces (1), further having an annular channel in the upper face for stacked coupling, and a coaxial cylindrical pin for insertion in the inverted position, in the axial emptying (4) of the base pieces (1), triangular lids (20) obtained by cutting the square lids (19) diagonally; enabling the formation of a rectangular panel as a board or said panel constituting the contour of a mosaic pattern with the help of triangular base pieces (13, 14), standing on said panel lae square (19) or triangular (20) caps precise to form other mosaic drawings. 19. Didactic-educational construction set according to claim .18, characterized in that it also includes the articulated parts (17) as a hinge, whose blades are similar to the square base pieces (1), allowing the formation of three-dimensional and collapsible constructions .