MXPA97003513A

MXPA97003513A - Method of continuous draining and crystallizer for emptied empty conti

Info

Publication number: MXPA97003513A
Application number: MXPA/A/1997/003513A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Poloni Alfredo; Pavlicevic Milorad; Fedorovich Kolesnichenko Anatoly
Original assignee: Danieli&Ampc Officine Meccaniche Spa
Priority date: 1996-05-13
Filing date: 1997-05-13
Publication date: 1998-04-01

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crystallizer for the continuous emptying of ingots, lupins, shawls and round bars, either of a substantially tubular type or with plates, the crystallizer having cooled side walls (11), characterized in that the side walls (11). ) include, in at least one longitudinal area, at least one perimeter area with electrical insulation elements (19) defining two electrically insulated ends, the lateral wall of the crystallizer (10) included between the isolated ends having an electrical continuity, the aforementioned ends being connected to electric power supply means (22) controlled by a power supply system capable of generating electromagnetic waves, defined and desired, interacting at least with the coating formed in the cast metal (1)

Description

"METHOD OF CONTINUOUS DRAINING AND RELATIVE CRYSTALLIZER FOR CONTINUOUS DRAINING" This invention relates to a method of continuous emptying with a pulsating magnetic field along the crystallizer and the relative crystallizer for continuous emptying as set forth in the respective main claim. The invention is applied to machines that perform continuous emptying of ingots, lupins and sheepskins, particularly thin shawls, in the field of iron and steel production. The state of the art of the field of continuous emptying covers the use of electromagnetic devices externally associated with the side walls of a crystallizer and capable of generating an electromagnetic field that interacts with the melted metal that is being emptied. In the state of the art this electromagnetic field has mainly the purpose of improving the surface quality of the product, mainly by acting on the liquid metal in a way that improves the solidification characteristics; Another purpose is to displace the surface of the molten metal in the junction zone between the refractory material and the crystallizer so that solidification starts only in the crystallizer and there is no leakage of material. The electromagnetic device comprises a coil or an individual inductor placed in cooperation with the exterior of the crystallizer wall and generally close to the region of the beginning of solidification of the metal. Modes have been described in which the coil or the inductor generates a stationary alternative magnetic field (see article "Improvement of the Steel Surface Quality by electromagnetic Smelting" taken from the documents of the International Symposium on the "Electromagnetic Processing of Materials" - Nagoya 1994) or also generates an alternating magnetic field modulated in amplitude (see the article "Study of Meniscus Behavior and Surface Properties During Casting in a High-Frequencies Magnetic Field" taken from "Metallurgical and Materials Transactions" vol 26B, April 1995) . Other described embodiments provide the generated magnetic field to be periodically driven with waves defined by successive pulses of a substantially constant amplitude (US-A-4,522,249) or the like so that the magnetic field is generated by electromagnetic waves of a development that is attenuated to which is eliminated within a half-period (SU-A-1021070 and SU-A-1185731). Experimental tests have shown that such electromagnetic field configurations that act on the crystallizer are not adequate to obtain the desired results in view of the different conditions that occur within the solidifying metal.

These different conditions, which are due to the different physical state and the different temperature of the solidifying metal, cause an interaction between the magnetic field and the metal, this interaction being different from one crystallizer zone to another and therefore it is not the better along the entire length of the crystalliser. Furthermore, in the state of the art, existing problems exist in the connection between the inductors outside the crystallizer and the crystallizer itself with respect to the dispersions within I and the attenuations outside the generated electromagnetic field, which causes a reduction in the intensity of the forces acting on the molten metal. There is also the problem of the mechanical deformation to which the inductors may be subjected during use. Particularly, although not only, the state of the art does not make it possible to fulfill the following functions: -reduce the friction between the emptied product and the crystallizer by inducing pulsatile forces directly inside the solid coating and also on the liquid part where it is necessary, in order to increase the speed of emptying; - do not use the traditional mechanical oscillation systems of the ingot mold with a consequent improvement of the surface quality of the product, since the oscillation marks are eliminated; -control the effect of the meniscus in accordance with the requirements of the process to improve both the lubrication of the side wall as well as the surface quality and the internal quality of the product; use the resonance capacity of the solidified coating and the coating-liquid system to improve the heat exchange in the musk zone in order to promote an increase of the product with an equal axis and the consequent improvement in the internal quality; - use the migration field configuration to induce in the liquid part a vertical agitation (direction of the crystallizer shaft to obtain an optimum effect; improve heat exchange in the lower part of the crystallizer where the coating is separated from the crystallizer, increasing This way the total amount of heat removed by the crystallizer, thus making it possible to reach higher emptying speeds and improvements in product quality, Applicants have designed, tested and modalized this invention to overcome these disadvantages and to obtain Further Advantages This invention is established and characterized in the respective main claims, while the dependent claims describe variants of the idea of the main embodiment The purpose of this invention is to provide a continuous casting method applied to a ingot crystallizer, lu pias, zamarras and round bars and the relative crystallizer, which will be able to satisfy at least the following conditions in an optimal way: -reduce the friction between the emptied product and the crystallizer by inducing pulsatile forces directly inside the solid coating and also on the liquid part where it is necessary, in order to increase the speed of emptying; - not using the traditional mechanical oscillation systems of the ingot mold and therefore the crystallizer, with a consequent improvement of the surface quality of the product, since the oscillation marks are eliminated; -control the effect of the meniscus in accordance with the requirements of the process to improve both the lubrication and the surface and the internal quality of the product; exploiting the resonance capacity of the solidified coating and the coating-liquid system to improve the heat exchange in the musk zone in order to promote an increase of the product with an equal axis and the consequent improvement in the internal quality of the product continuously emptied; - using the migration field configuration to induce within the liquid part a vertical agitation (direction of the crystallizer axis) to obtain an optimum result of the cast product; improve the exchange of heat in the lower part of the crystallizer where the coating is separated from the crystallizer and therefore increases the total amount of heat removed by the crystallizer, thus making it possible to reach higher emptying speeds and better quality at the same time of the product. The invention is achieved by a continuous casting method applied to a crystallizer for ingots, lupins, shells and round bars and, the relative crystallizer, which uses the generation of a pulsating magnetic field, which is variable throughout the entire longitudinal extension of the crystallizer, where the crystallizer itself acts as an inductor. According to the invention, there are no inductors outside the crystallizer and, the magnetic field is generated by connecting the side walls of the crystallizer directly, where two electrically insulated ends are defined, by means of a power supply. In other words, in the crystallizer according to the invention, either of the plate type or of the tubular type, at least one corner is electrically insulated, in such a way that it defines two separate ends that are connected to the power supply system, while the electrical contact is established between the other corners. In this case reference is made for reasons of simplification, implying, for example, in a crystallizer for the emptying of round bars that there is an interruption defining the two isolated ends used for the supply of electrical energy. The inner walls of the crystallizer are aligned by a thin insulating layer, which advantageously has good heat conduction characteristics, to avoid direct electrical contact between the molten metal and the walls of the crystallizer. The insulating layer can be made of Br2C + AI2O3 or of AI2O3, or of AIN or of an amorphous diamond carbon. With this arrangement, by correctly connecting the conductors that feed the current to the different vertical areas of the crystallizer walls, it is possible to correlate the longitudinal areas of the crystallizer to different parameters of the current intensity and the current time control as well as the pulse shape . Therefore, it is possible with the invention to generate electromagnetic forces that differ from one area to another to obtain a desired and variable effect along the crystallizer. Furthermore, with this invention the currents of greater intensity can be induced on the emptied product, thus obtaining the forces of greater intensity, compared with those obtained when the external inductors were used. According to a first embodiment of the invention, the crystallizer is obtained longitudinally and substantially in an individual body. According to a variant, the crystallizer is subdivided longitudinally into precise areas and each area is isolated with respect to the adjacent areas.

In accordance with a further variant, the individual areas can be defined along the crystallizer, up to a number and extent required, each connected to specific channels of the power supply, and characterized by their own specific power supply parameters, thus obtaining an extremely flexible system that can adapt to different requirements both of the product being emptied and for those that occur during emptying. Spacing the energy supply correctly towards those individual areas of the crystallizer or, without supplying alternatively to one or other of those areas, it is possible to establish vibration of the emptied product by removing it locally. According to a variant, the excitation frequencies of the molten metal are those which correspond substantially to the resonance frequencies, which are different at different points of the crystallizer according to the specific physical state and the specific temperature of the metal. As close as possible to the condition of the resonance of the product emptied into the crystallizer along the entire longitudinal extension of the same, it is possible to obtain high amplitude of the vibrations and a greater intensity of the electromagnetic forces acting on the solid coating . This resonance condition achieved in a variable manner along the longitudinal extension of the crystallizer generates a better condition for the separation of the coating from the side walls of the crystallizer, a faster and easier downward sliding of the metal. By using the crystallizer according to the invention it is possible to control in a differentiated manner the force exerted on the emptied product, both in intensity and in the frequency of application; similarly it is possible to control the solidification parameters of the coating at various points along the crystallizer. In particular, it is possible to control the effect of those forces on the casing of the emptied product, thus avoiding the risk of breaking by means of the reduction of the friction forces when controlling the induced vibrations. In addition, it is possible to increase the heat exchange between the cast metal and the solidified coating, through a stirring action; The effect of this action operates in a vertical direction with a series of compression pulsations in the empty material which takes place at different times and in different positions along the crystallizer to cause a real global movement in the liquid part of the material. It is also possible with the invention to control the exchange of heat between the solidified coating and the crystallizer in a differentiated manner, in accordance with the specific requirements. Estro also allows the emptying speed to be increased. According to the invention, this arrangement allows volumetric waves to be formed on the surface of the meniscus in such a way as to define the formation of a space between the newly solidified coating and the side wall of the crystallizer, which allows a lubricant to be introduced ( oil and / or powders). The volumetric waves may be of the quasi-stationary type or, of the stationary type, allowing a space of a substantially fixed dimension to be formed between the newly solidified coating and the side wall of the crystallizer. It is therefore possible to improve the introduction of the lubricant, or not to use it, or to use less of it. According to a variant, these waves are of progressive type and move towards the center, reaching in the center a desired maximum amplitude and, causing a periodic separation of the solidified coating from the crystallizer, thus determining a type of "pump effect". "; this separation allows the lubricant to be introduced periodically. This periodic movement also causes gases in the local atmosphere to move at supersonic speed, which in turn causes an increase in heat exchange. An efficient electromagnetic stirring along the entire longitudinal extension of the crystallizer leads to a more uniform internal micro-structure of the emptied product. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic forces of a greater intensity are generated in the lower part of the crystallizer than those generated in the upper part of the crystallizer.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the current pulses have a delayed development, for example starting from the top of the crystallizer, so that the produced field assumes a configuration of sequences accumulated one on top of the other with an intensity that increases progressively. The attached figures are given as a non-restrictive example and show some preferred embodiments of the invention as follows: Fig. 1 shows a cross section of the crystallizer according to the invention; Figs. 2a, 2b and 2c show some possible longitudinal sections of the crystallizer in Fig. 1 on a reduced scale; Fig. 3 shows a variant of Fig. 1; Figs. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d show a detail of four possible variants adopted in the crystallizer according to the invention; Figs. 5a and 5b show a further variant; Fig. 6 shows a variant applied to a rectangular crystallizer. Figs. 1 and 2 show partial diagrams of a cross section and a longitudinal section of a crystallizer 10 for the continuous emptying of ingots, lupias or sheepskins, with side walls 11.

The casting of molten metal in the crystallizer 10 progressively solidifies and forms an outer envelope of the solidified coating 13 having an increasing thickness that starts from the meniscus 14 and increases towards the outlet of the crystallizer 10. This outer casing of the solidified coating 13 defines a distance or space 17 between it and the relative side wall 11 of the crystallizer 10, the value of the space 17 increasing progressively towards the outlet of the crystallizer 10. At least when the crystallizer is of tubular type or of a similar type, outside of the side walls 11 of the crystallizer 10 there is a channel 16 of a very small width through which the cooling liquid flows. When the crystallizer 10 is of the type consisting of plates, the cooling channels 16 are provided within the plates themselves, thereby allowing the cooling liquid to be brought very close to the cast metal and thereby improving the cooling efficiency. In Fig. 1, the crystallizer 10 is composed of four plates connected to each other in such a way that they define an electrically isolated corner, in this case the corner 18a, while the other corners are joined in such a way as to ensure an electrical contact reciprocal. In this case, the insulation in correspondence with the corner 18a is obtained by means of an insulating layer 19, for example a layer of 2 mm of Al203. The external corners 18b, 18c and 18d are connected to each other to ensure the passage of electrical current. In this case, the contact is made in such a way that the reciprocal electrical connection occurs at a distant position from the inner corner near the drained metal 12. This is achieved by inserting the insulating layer 119 only in the first segment of the corner and making a good electrical contact in the remnant part (Fig. 1). In accordance with the variant shown in Fig. 4a, the insulating layer 119 is placed along the entire corner and the electrical contact is made by means of a conductive screw 20 or another type of conductive insert. In accordance with the variant shown in Fig. 4b, the electrical connection is made by means of an external conducting bridge 21, of the rigid or flexible type. According to the variant shown in the variant shown in Fig. 4c, which refers to a tubular-type crystallizer 10, the electrical contact between the corners 18b, 18c and 18d is made by flexing back the side walls on an insulating layer 119. which is present only in the first segment of the corner. The inner side walls of the crystallizer 10 are lined with an insulating layer 23 to avoid direct electrical contact between the molten metal 12 and the side wall; the insulating layer 23 has a high quality electrical insulation and at the same time good heat conduction qualities, between 30 and 1000 W / mK. The two isolated ends defined in correspondence with the isolated corner 18a are connected to the power supply system by means of insulated cables 22, individually connected to the channels of the power supply. According to this embodiment, by connecting the cables 22 to different channels of the power supply it is possible to distribute the currents and, therefore, the relative electromagnetic forces that have been generated, in a differentiated manner along the crystallizer in such a way that obtained on the cast metal 12 the desired effects in accordance with the requirements of the casting. Each channel of the power supply can provide differentiated pulses in the individual longitudinal areas of the crystallizer 10 in terms of shape, duration, repetition frequency, current intensity. These pulses can typically have a duration of between 5 and 5000 μs, a repetition frequency between 2 and 100 Hz and a maximum current intensity on the crystallizer of approximately 150Ka, in accordance with the type of application and the associated longitudinal area with the specific channel of the power supply. For example, in correspondence with the meniscus, the induced force has an application frequency included in the range 5-60 Hz and has a lower intensity, while in the lower part of the crystallizer 10 the frequency is in the range of 5-10 Hz. 40 Hz and has greater intensity. By connecting the side walls 11 of the crystallizer 10 to the energy supply, it is possible to induce on the cast metal 12 high intensity currents, as well as 150 kA and therefore obtain forces of higher intensity than those produced using external inductors. In addition, the flexibility of the system can be increased by defining a desired plurality of different longitudinal areas of the crystallizer 10 in accordance with the different behavior of the cast metal 12 along the crystallizer 10. The invention makes it possible, for each channel of the power supply, to distribute or concentrating the corresponding current and therefore the forces along the crystallizer 10. Fig. 2a shows how for the example the current produced in the first two channels of the power supply can be divided respectively into two areas, thereby distributing the relative forces Fn and F? 2, F21 and F22; while in the other two channels of the energy supply, in this case, the concentrated currents give rise to the more localized forces F3 and F4. The forces generated by the different energy supply channels vary in time within a period of compliance with the generated electromagnetic wave which is generally different for each channel of the power supply.

It is observed that these forces vary in time as well as in space; At a certain moment it may be that the forces relative to a certain channel will have an opposite direction to that of other channels. The generated electromagnetic field can make it possible to obtain the conditions at least near the resonance condition in the cast metal along the entire longitudinal extension of the crystallizer 10, differentiating the energy parameters according to the different physical state of the cast metal 12 along the crystallizer 10. For example, the resonance frequency of the metal 12 when it has at the same time both the liquid state and a solid stage is between about 10 and 30 Khz, that of the solidified coating ranges from 1 to 10 Khz and the frequency of oscillation of the free surface of the liquid part ranges from about 5 to about 70 Khz. This resonance condition, by amplifying the value of the vibrations, increases its effectiveness since the parameters of the power supply, the distance and the thickness etc., are the same. In addition, it is possible to obtain a migration of the electromagnetic field starting from the top of the crystallizer 10 downwards with a pulse intensity that increases progressively.

The induced electromagnetic forces generate in the molten metal 12 and on the solidified coating 13 a desired vibration position capable of limiting adhesion problems to the side walls 11 of the crystallizer 10 and facilitate the downward sliding of the emptied product. In order to obtain a good distribution of the electromagnetic forces on the cast metal 12, the crystal 10 according to the invention 10 according to the invention is predisposed to concentrate the current in correspondence with the corners 18b, 18c and 18d. In one embodiment of the invention (Fig. 3), the concentration of the current is obtained by reducing the section of the side walls 11 of the crystallizer 10 in correspondence with the corners 18b, 18c and 18d. In accordance with the variant shown in Fig. 4, this concentration is obtained by means of a crystallizer 10 with thick walls where there are insulating inserts 219 in correspondence with the corners 18b, 18c and 18d, which conduct electricity. According to another variant, the side walls 11 have on their outer side notches 15 which cause the flows to flow more effectively near the surface of the cast metal 12. The invention includes a specific solution to avoid the formation of a negative influence between the different channels, which could in part decrease the effectiveness of the invention. This is due to the fact that the effect of each channel 22 would not be completely confined to its own area of competence, although it would extend within the competition areas of the other channels and therefore reduce the effectiveness thereof (for example , in Fig. 2 the area of competence of F3 would in fact extend over at least part of the longitudinal extent of the crystallizer). In order to solve this problem, the invention provides thin transverse notches 24 (0.3 mm) made on the inner side of the crystallizer under the insulating layer 23, at appropriate heights, along at least part of the perimeter edge, of the crystallizer, when the crystallizer is tubular, and, in at least some plates, at the appropriate heights, when the crystallizer is of the type that includes plates, as shown in FIG. 2b. Pairs of these notches 24 delimit the specific areas of action of the energy supply means 22. The depth of the notches 24 according to the invention must be equal to the depth of penetration of the current inside the crystallizer, i.e. -5 mm. For mechanical reasons it is useful to fill the notches 24 with the appropriate materials. In accordance with a first modality, this material can be insulating ceramic material. According to another embodiment, in order to increase the longitudinal impedance in the depth of penetration of the internal face of the crystallizer, it is possible to use materials with a high magnetic permeability, (see for example the thin core laminations for high frequency transformers) . According to another variant, in order to ensure that the cover 23 maintains a good hold, the notches are filled with a material with a low electrical conductivity compared to Cu, although with a similar coefficient of expansion (for example Ni). According to a further variant, in order to improve the separation and, therefore, the independence of the different supply channels from one another, the invention provides for dividing the crystallizer into "slices", electrically isolated from each other (see FIG. 2c) but in such a way as to allow the cooling fluid to pass into the appropriate channels, in the case that the crystalliser is of the type that includes plates or, in any case, does not allow any inward filtration, in the case of a cooled tubular crystallizer on the outside. The different areas of the crystallizer must be electrically isolated from each other, for example by means of a suitable coating or better, by means of a suitable ferromagnetic material, electrically insulated (for example, core laminations for high frequency transformers). In accordance with the invention, in order to increase the force that can be applied in one area of the crystallizer, said area is fed by means of a series connection of several power supply channels. For example, Figs. 5a and 5b show the case for a square section. In the case of rectangular sections for shawls, it is very difficult to obtain current pulses of a high amplitude in the empty product due to the high impedance of the system. For this reason, the invention provides the use of several channels connected in parallel to the crystallizer, as shown in Fig. 6 which makes it possible to obtain higher currents in the product. The channels can operate on the entire face of the plate or in defined areas of the plate.

Claims

1. Crystallizer for the continuous emptying of ingots, lupins, shawls and round bars, either of substantially tubular type or with plates, the crystallizer having cooled side walls (11), characterized in that the side walls (11) include, in less a longitudinal area, at least one perimeter area with electrical insulation elements (19) defining two electrically isolated ends, the lateral wall of the crystallizer (10) included between the isolated ends having an electrical continuity, the aforementioned ends being connected to electric power supply means (22) controlled by a power supply system capable of generating electromagnetic waves, defined and desired, interacting at least with the coating formed in the cast metal (12).

2. Crystallizer as in claim 1, wherein the perimeter area extends circumferentially and the two electrically insulated ends define an isolated corner (18) substantially parallel to the axis of the crystallizer.

3. Crystallizer as in claim 1 or 2, which is defined by a plurality of longitudinal areas, each of which is associated with its own specific power supply means (22) connected to the specific channels of the power supply system electric

4. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which each area is electrically isolated with respect to the nearby area.

5. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which the electrical connection along the surface included between the two electrically insulated ends is obtained in a position far from the inner edge of the side walls (11) and near the drained metal (12)

6. Crystallizer as in any claim so far, in which there is, at the electrically conductive corners (18) an insulating layer (119) positioned along at least the first inner segment.

7. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which the inner face of the side walls (11) is lined with an insulating layer (23).

8. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which there is a reduction in the thickness of the side walls (11) in correspondence with the electrically conductive corners (18).

9. Crystallizer as in any claim from 1 to 7 inclusive, wherein there are insulating inserts (219) in correspondence with the corners (18) that define a limited segment of the electrical contact.

10. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which there are notches (15) on the external face of the side walls (11).

11. Crystallizer as in any claim up to now, in which there are notches (24) on the inner face of the side wall (11) which at least partially affects the thickness of the side wall (11) of the crystallizer (10).

12. Method of continuous emptying for ingots, lupins, round bars and other products, for use in a crystallizer (10) containing the drained metal (12) as in any of the claims from 1 to 11 inclusive, characterized in that at least the coating in formation of the cast metal (12) inside the crystallizer (10) is subjected to the action of a pulsatile magnetic field generated by the connection of at least two electrically isolated ends of at least one circumferential part of at least a longitudinal part of the side walls (11) of the crystallizer (10) towards a supply of electrical energy, the electric power supply inducing on the cast metal (12) pulsed currents of an intensity as high as 150 kA.

The method as in claim 12, wherein the side wall of the crystallizer includes a plurality of longitudinally positioned portions to define electrically powered areas and the magnetic field induced on the cast metal (12) to migrate along the longitudinal extension of the crystallizer (10), each of the areas being associated with its own power supply means (22) connected to the respective channels of the power supply system defined by its own specific parameters of the amount of electricity supplied, at least in terms of the repetition frequency and intensity.

14. Method as in claim 12 or 13, wherein the supply channels condition the parameters of the amount of electricity in terms of the shape of the pulse and the duration.

15. Method as in any claim from 1 to 14 inclusive, wherein the electromagnetic forces (F) induced in the cast metal (12) have application characteristics that can be varied according to both time and position relative to the crystallizer.

16. Method as in claim 15, wherein in correspondence with the meniscus (14) the force generated has an application frequency in the range of 5-60 HZ.

17. Method as in claim 15, wherein in correspondence with the lower part of the crystallizer (10) the force generated has an application frequency in the range of between 5-40 Hz.

18. Method as in claim 17, in which the force generated has a maximum intensity.

19. A method as in any of claims 12 to 18 inclusive, wherein the amount of electrical energy delivered to the individual areas is such that it determines a condition close to the resonance condition of the material subtended by the specific area of the crystallizer (10).

20. Method as in any of claims 12 to 19 inclusive, wherein the generated magnetic field produces on the meniscus (14) volumetric waves to cause the newly solidified coating (13) to separate from the side walls ( 11) of the crystallizer (10).

The method as in claim 20, wherein the volumetric waves are stationary and cause the coating (13) to separate from the side walls (11) at a substantially fixed value.

22. A method as in claim 20, wherein the volumetric waves are progressive and cause the coating (13) to separate from the side walls (11) periodically.

23. Method as in claim 22, wherein the periodic separation of the solidified coating in the meniscus (14) causes a pump effect that initiates the local atmosphere that moves at supersonic speeds and increases heat exchange between the side walls (11) and the solidified coating (13).

24. Method as in any claim up to now, in which the generated magnetic field reaches in the cast metal (12) a stirring effect with a differentiated intensity and frequency along the crystallizer extension.

25. Method as in any of claims 12 to 24 inclusive, wherein the electromagnetic waves are generated by pulses having a progressively delayed development, in a direction longitudinal to the crystallizer, to assume a following configuration with an intensity that grows towards the output of the crystallizer. SUMMARY Crystallizer for the continuous emptying of ingots, lupins, shawls and round bars, whether the crystallizer is of the plate type or substantially tubular, having cooled side walls (11), which include, in at least one longitudinal area, at least one perimeter area with electrical insulation elements (19) defining two electrically insulated ends, the side wall of the crystallizer (10) included between the aforementioned isolated ends having an electrical continuity, the ends being connected to feeding means electrical (22) controlled by a power supply system capable of generating electromagnetic waves, defined and desired, interacting at least with the coating of formation of the cast metal (12). Continuous emptying method for ingots, lupins, round bars and other products, used in a crystallizer (10) containing the drained metal (12) as shown above, at least the cast metal forming liner (12) inside of the crystallizer (10) undergoes the action of a pulsatile magnetic field generated by the connection of at least two electrically isolated ends of at least one circumferential part of at least a longitudinal part of the side walls (11) of the crystallizer (10). ) towards a source of electrical energy, the source of electrical energy inducing on the cast metal (12) pulsatile currents of such a high intensity up to 150 kA.