MXPA97003151A

MXPA97003151A - Superior coating composition for u

Info

Publication number: MXPA97003151A
Application number: MXPA/A/1997/003151A
Authority: MX
Inventors: L Martin Frederick
Original assignee: Almell Ltd
Priority date: 1994-10-31
Filing date: 1997-04-29
Publication date: 1997-06-01

Abstract

A top coat composition for nail varnish that is at least substantially free of aromatic solvents contains at least one cellulose ester, a mixture of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic solvents for cellulose ester, a plasticizer for cellulose ester, at least two UV blocking agents with different effective UV blocking scales, a softening agent, an adhesion promoter and an alkanol solvent for the softening agent and the adhesion promoter.

Description

CO PLYPOSITION PE UPPER COATING FOR UKRS FIELD OF L INVENTION The present invention relates to a topcoating composition which can be applied to the nails on a nail varnish coating.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 'The nail varnish is generally applied to the fingernails of the fingers or to the toes of the feet as two or more layers, for example in the form of a base coat layer, one or more pigmented layers. and a top coating. It is generally desirable that each applied coating be dry before the application of the next coating. However, such a drying time substantially increases the total time required for a multiple coat application. It is also desirable that the last coating 0 be dried relatively quickly so that the user is free to deal with other activities quickly after having completed the application of the last coating. However, if the outer surface of the topcoat dries too quickly, the solvents may be trapped in the interface between the topcoat and the previously applied undercoat, reducing the cohesiveness of the previously applied undercoat and the coating adhesion. superior to the previously applied lower layer. The patent of E.U.A. No. 2,173,755 by Fuller, describes a nail polish that spreads easily and dries in one and a half minutes to produce a single layer of a durable, non-tacky film, which is easily removable by ethyl acetate and butyl acetate. Fuller's composition used non-explosive cellulose esters dissolved in organic solvents, eg, ethyl cellulose or cellulose acetobutyrate dissolved in ethylene dichloride, as a replacement for the previously used nitro-cotton, which is explosive. Fuller used diethylene dioxide as a solvent for resins and softeners that were to be added to the cellulose ester / organic solvent mixture. The patent of E.U.fi. No. 4,179,304 to Rossomando, discloses the use of a nail varnish composition consisting of sucrose acetate isobutyrate, a resin selected from sucrose benzoate and from sucrose benzoate with polymeric methyl methacrylate and a plasti fi er selected from organic phthalates organic adipates and organic phosphates, e.g., butyl benzyl phthalate. An objective of the Rossomando composition was to avoid the use of carcinogenic forrnaldehyde containing resins that had previously been employed in nail varnish compositions. Rossomando also describes that film resins such as nitrocellulose, cellulose propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, ethylcellulose and acrylic resins, would be mixed in their composition for nail varnish. Rossomando describes the use of a combination of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and toluene as the solvents for the wet isopropyl nitrocellulose in the basic composition of these working examples. Martin et al., Patent of E.U.A. No. 5,130,125 disclose a topcoat composition for nail varnish for application on wet nail varnish which dries rapidly to a solid, non-peeling and non-brittle coating. The preferred composition is shown in Example 1 of the US patent. No. 5,130,125 containing toluene, n-butyl acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate ester 318, cellulose acetate butyrate ester 551, benzophenone-1, butyl benzyl phthalate, polyeiloxane copolymer and isopropyl alcohol. Although this superior coating of Martin et al has many advantages, the use of toluene is considered undesirable because it is toxic by ingestion, inhalation or absorption of the skin and can cause benign anemia. Accordingly, there is a need for a topcoat composition for nails that is at least substantially free of aromatic solvents such as toluene. As wellAlthough the benzophenone-1 in the topcoat composition of Martin and others is a good UV blocking agent, it does not provide the desired level of UV blocking for the full scale of ultraviolet radiation. Accordingly, there is a need for a superior nail reconstructive composition having an improved UV blocking scale. Similar entity, although the polysiloxane copolymer of the composition of Martin et al reduces friction, improves the flow of the top coating composition during application and improves the leveling and gloss of the surface of the top coating composition after drying , the adhesion of the upper coating to the coatings previously applied is not as strong as desired.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A topcoating composition in accordance with the present invention is at least substantially free of aromatic solvents and consists of one or more cellulose steres and a mixture of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic solvents for the cellulose esters. In a presently preferred composition, the cellulose ester consists of one or more cellulose acetate butyrate esters, and the composition includes a plasticizer for the cellulose esters, at least two UV blocking agents having different effective scales of UV wavelength blocking,? n softening agent and an adhesion promoter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The cellulose esters which can be used in the invention as a film-forming resin include cellulose esters containing mononacarboxylic acid groups of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, esters of cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose isobutyrate and mixtures of any two or more thereof. The presently preferred cellulose esters are the cellulose acetate butyrate esters. The solvent for cellulose esters is a mixture of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic acyclic solvents. Suitable aliphatic solvents include alkanes having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, aliphatic esters having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkanols having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., nb? , isobutyl, n-pentane, isopentane, hexane, methyl propionate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, n-propyl formate, ethyl propionate, ethanol, n -propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol and mixtures of any two or more thereof. Suitable cycloaliphatic solvents include cycloalkanes having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, cycloalkanols having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclobutylcarbinol, naphthenes and mixtures of any two or more thereof. In general, cycloaliphatic solvents will constitute from about 1 to about 20% by volume, preferably from about 2 to about 15% by volume and most preferably from about 3 to about 10% by volume of the solvent mixture used to dissolve the esters of cellulose. A presently preferred solvent mixture for the cellulose esters consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate, from about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-butyl acetate and from about 5 to about 20% by volume. volume of Naphtholite® naphthenic material. The Naphtholite® naphthenic material is a naphthenic material available from Union 76 Chemicals as a mixture of paraffins and cycloparaffins containing less than 1% aromatics, the paraffin content being on the scale of about 37 to about 50 percent and the cycloparaffin content being on the scale of about 62 to about 49 percent. The ratio of the solvent mixture of cellulose ester to cellulose esters can be any suitable value, but in general will be in the range of about 295.7 to about 739.25 ml of the solvent mixture per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and preferably it will be on the scale from about 354.84 to about 473.12 ml of the solvent mixture per 100 grams of cellulose ester. Any suitable plasticizer can be employed for the cellulose esters in the present topcoating composition. Examples include organic ttallates, organic adipates and organic phosphates, e.g., butyl benzene phthalate, camphor, dibutyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate, diethyl phthalate, t-butyl phosphate, dibu + ilo glycolate., dioctyl phthalate, butyl stearate and mixtures of any two or more thereof. The pestifier can be used in any suitable amount, but will generally be employed in an amount in the range of about 2.957 to about 147.85 rnl per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and preferably in the range of about 5.914 to about 29.57 ml. per 100 grams of cellulose ester. Any suitable UV blocker can be employed in the present topcoating composition. However, it is presently preferred to employ at least two UV blockers having different UV wavelength blocking scales to thereby extend the protection against UV radiation. Any suitable amount of the UV blockers can be employed, but the total amount of the UV blockers will generally be in the range of about 2,957 to about 147.85 mi per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and preferably on the scale of about 5,914 to approximately 29.57 ml per 100 grams of cellulose ester. The presently preferred UV blockers are benzophenone-1 and benzophenone-3, the amount of benzophenone-1 on the scale being from about 0.5 to about 0.8 grams per 100 grams of cellulose ester and the amount of benzophenone-3 being preferably on the scale from about 0.001 to about 0.002 grams per 100 grams of cellulose ester. In order to provide the desired flow and level characteristics, the topcoating composition may contain a softening agent. The softening agent reduces friction, improves the flow of the top coating composition during application and improves the leveling and gloss of the surface of the top coating composition after drying. Suitable softening agents include silicone polymers and copolymers, polyamides, polyacrylamines and polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures of any two or more thereof. Any suitable amount of softening agent can be employed, but the amount will generally be in the range of about 0 to about 5 grams per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and will preferably be in the range of about 0.5 to about 3 grams per 100 grams of cellulose ether. The presently preferred softening agent is a polysiloxane copolymer. To provide the desired adhesion characteristics, the top coating composition may contain an adhesion promoter. The adhesion promoter improves the adhesion of the top coat to the coatings previously applied. Any suitable amount of adhesion promoter can be employed, but the amount will generally be in the range of about 0 to about 5 grams per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and will preferably be in the range of about 0.2 to about 2 grams per 100 grams. of cellulose ester. Examples of suitable adhesion promoters that may be employed include sucrose benzoates, sucrose acetate isobutyrates and arninoalkoxysilanes, with aminomethoxyethylane being presently preferred. To facilitate the introduction of the softening agent and the adhesion promoter into the topcoating composition, it is desirable that these components are first dispersed in a suitable solvent, preferably an alkanol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and the resulting solution being then added to the solution of the cellulose ester in its solvent mixture. The solvent for the. softening agent and for the adhesion promoter can be employed in any suitable amount, but will generally be employed in an amount in the range of about 14,785 to about 147.85 mi per 100 grams of cellulose ester, and preferably be in the range of about 29.57. to approximately 88.71 rnl per 100 grams of cellulose ester. The presently preferred solvent for the softening agent and the adhesion promoter is the isopropyl alcohol. In general, the cycloaliphatic solvents will constitute from about 0.9 to about 18% by volume, preferably from about 1.8 to about 13.5% by volume and most preferably from about 2.7 to about 9% by volume of the total amount of solvents in the coating composition. superior, including the alkanol used to dissolve the softening agent and the adhesion promoter.

EXAMPLE I A top coating composition for nails was prepared that did not contain cycloparaffins with the following ingredients: INGREDIENT CRNTIPflP Ethyl acetate 1,182 mi n-Butyl acetate 1,419 rnl Cellulose acetate butyrate ester 381 560 grams Cellulose acetate butyrate ester 551 80 grams Benzophenone- 1 4 grams Benzophenone-3 0.01 gram Butyl benzyl phthalate 118.28 mi Copolymer polisi loxane 12 grams Net Arnino isilane 1 gram Isopropyl alcohol 295.7 ml Ethyl acetate and n-butylacetate were mixed and then the blasts of cellulose acetate binder were sieved in the acetate solvent mixture while the resulting mixture was stirred at low speed to avoid the agglomeration of esters. The resulting mixture was then stirred at high speed until the esters had dissolved in the solvent mixture. The copolymer of polysiloxane, aminomethoxysilane and isopropyl alcohol were mixed together and the resulting mixture was then added to the solution of the cellulose esters in the solvent mixture together with the benzophenone-, benzophenone-3 and butyl phthalate benzyl, while the resulting combination was stirred at low speed. The resulting composition was applied as a top coat on a wet bottom layer of nail varnish. The outer surface of the topcoat was dried in about 60 seconds, but the adhesion of the topcoat to the topcoat was considered inadequate even though the topcoat composition contained an adhesion promoter. The problem was judged to have resulted from the presence of a significant amount of solvent in the topcoat interface and the bottomcoat when the outer surface of the topcoat had been considered dry.

EXAMPLE II A topcoat composition for nails was prepared which contained cycloparamas and was substantially free of aromatic solvents, with the following ingredients: INGREDIENT, QUANTITY Ethyl acetate 887.1 mi n -butyl acetate 1,419 rnl Naphtholite 66/3 295.7 mi Ester of cellulose acetate butyrate 381 560 grams Cellulose acetate treatment butter 551 80 grams Benzophenone- 1 4 grams Benzophenone- 1 0.01 gram Butyl benzyl phthalate 118.28 rnl Copolymer of polysiloxane 12 grams Ami plain nornetoxis 1 gram Isopropyl alcohol 295.7 rnl Naphthol? TeR 66/3 is a mixture of approximately 37% by weight of acyclic acids, approximately 62% by weight of fine for cloves and less than 1% of aromatics, and has a flash point of 12.2 ° C, an initial boiling point of 249 ° C and a pressure of steam of 14 rnrn Hg at 20 ° C. The resulting composition was applied as a topcoat over a wet bottom coating of nail varnish. The outer surface of the topcoat was dried in approximately 75 seconds, and the adhesion of the topcoat to the bottomcoat was considered adequate. In this way, although the presence of the cycloparaffins increased the drying time of the upper coating slightly, the drying time was still acceptable and this allowed the concentration of solvents in the upper coating and the lower coating to be sufficiently reduced to that adequate adhesion of the upper coating to the lower coating is obtained.

Reasonable variations in and reasonable modifications to the invention are possible, within the scope of the foregoing description and the appended claims.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - A composition consisting of at least one cellulose ester and a plurality of solvents, said plurality of solvents constituting the only solvents present in said composition, and the composition being at least substantially free of aromatic solvents; said plurality of solvents consists essentially of at least one aliphatic solvent and at least one cycloaliphatic solvent, wherein said at least one aliphatic solvent is selected from the group consisting of alkanes, aliphatic esters and alkanols, and wherein said at least one cycloaliphatic solvent is selected from the group consisting of c-chloralkanes; Cycloaliphatic esters and cycloalkanols.

2. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one cellulose ester is at least one ether of cellulose acetate butyrate.

3. A composition according to claim 1, wherein the cycloaliphatic solvent content of said plurality of solvents is in the range of about 0.9 to about 18 volume% of said plurality of solvents.

4. - A composition according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of solvents consists of at least one aliphatic ester, at least one alkanol and a mixture of paraffins and cycloparaffins; said mixture contains less than 1 percent aromatics.

5. A composition according to claim 4, wherein said mixture has a paraffin content in the range from about 37 to about 50 percent, a cycloparaffin content in the range from about 62 to about 49 percent and less than 1 percent aromatics.

6. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said mixture consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate, from about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-butyl acetate and from about 5 to about 20% by volume of naphthenic material, wherein said naphthenic material is a mixture of paraffins and acyclic cycloparaffins containing less than 1% aromatics.

7. A composition consisting of at least one cellulose ester and a mixture of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic solvents for the cellulose ester, the composition being substantially free of aromatic solvents; wherein said mixture consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate, from about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-butyl acetate and from about 5 to about 20% by volume of naphthenic material, in wherein said naphthenic material consists of about 37 to about 50 5 percent acyclic paraffins, about 62 to about 49 percent cycloparaffins, and less than 1 percent aromatics.

8. A composition according to claim 7, wherein said naphthenic material consists of about 37 percent acyclic paraffins, about 62 percent cycloparaffins and less than 1 percent aromatics.

9. A composition according to claim 1, further comprising: a plasti- fizer for said at least one cellulose acetate butyrate ester and at least one UV blocking agent. 10., - A composition according to claim 9, wherein said at least one UV blocking agent consists of at least two UV blocking agents 20 having different effective wavelength blocking scales. UV 11. A composition according to claim 10, which further comprises a softening agent and an adhesion promoter. 12. A composition according to claim 9, wherein said plurality of solvents consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate., about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-butyl acetate and about 5 to about 20% by volume of naphthenic material, wherein said naphthenic material is a mixture of paraffins and acyclic cycloparaffins containing less than 1% aromatics . 13. An upper coating composition for nail varnish consisting of: at least one cellulose acetate butyrate ester, a mixture of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic solvents for the cellulose acetate butyrate ester, a plasticizer for said at least one cellulose acetate b-thiol ester and at least one UV blocking agent, the composition being substantially free of aromatic solvents, wherein said mixture consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of acetate. ethyl, from about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-ethyl acetate and from about 5 to about 20% by volume of naphthenic material, wherein said naphthenic material consists of from about 37 to about 50 percent acyclic paraffins, about 62 to about 49 percent of cycloparaffins and less than 1 percent of aromatics. 14. A composition according to claim 13, wherein said at least one UV blocking agent consists of at least two UV blocking agents having different effective UV wavelength blocking scales. 15.- A composition consisting essentially of the following: INGREDIENT QUANTITY Acetate of ethyl 887.1 mi Acetate of n-butyl 1,419 mi Naphthenic material 295.7 mi Ester of butyrate of cellulose acetate 381 560 grams Ester of butyrate of cellulose acetate 551 80 grams Benzophenone-1 4 grams Benzophenone-3 0.01 gram Butyl benzyl phthalate 118.28 mi Copolymer of polysiloxane 12 grams Amino ethoxysilane 1 gram Isopropyl alcohol 295.7 ml in which said naphthenic material is a mixture of paraffins and acyclic cycloparaffins containing less than 1 percent aromatics. 16. A method for making a top coat composition for nail varnish consisting of at least one cellulose ester containing monocarboxylic acid groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a solvent, wherein said solvent consists essentially of a mixture of at least one aliphatic solvent and of at least one cycloaliphatic solvent and wherein said top coat composition for nail varnish is at least substantially free of aromatic solvents, said method consists of: a mixed solvent, said mixed solvent consisting essentially of a mixture of p > or an aliphatic solvent and at least one cycloaliphatic solvent; wherein each said at least one aliphatic solvent is selected from the group consisting of alkanes, aliphatic esters and alkanols; wherein each said at least one cycloaliphatic solvent is selected from the group consisting of cycloalkanes, cycloaliphatic esters and 5 cycloalkanols; and wherein said at least one cycloaliphatic solvent constitutes from about 1 to about 20 volume percent of said mixed solvent; dissolving at least one cellulose ester in said mixed solvent to form a first solution; mix a L Q softening agent and an adhesion promoter with a suitable alkanol to form a second solution; wherein said softening agent improves the leveling and luster of a surface of the top coating composition for nail varnish after drying; in which said promoter of 15 adhesion improves the adhesion of the top coat composition for nail varnish to any previously applied coating; wherein said suitable alkanol is suitable to facilitate the introduction of said softening agent and said adhesion promoter into the composition of 20 top coating for nail varnish; and combining said second solution and said first solution containing the added at least one plasticizer and thus adding at least two UV blocking agents. 17.- A method according to the claim 25 16, which further comprises adding to said first solution at least two UV blocking agents having different effective UV wavelength blocking scales. 18. A method according to claim 16, wherein said at least one cellulose ester consists of a cellulose acetate ester and butyrate. 19. A method in accordance with the claim 18, wherein the cycloaliphatic solvent content of said mixed solvent is in the range of about 1 to about 20% by volume of said mixed solvent. 20. A method according to claim 18, wherein said mixed solvent consists of from about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate, from about 40 to about 65% by volume of n-butyl acetate and from about # 5 to about 20% by volume of naphthenic material, wherein said naphthenic material is a mixture of paraffins and acyclic cycloparaffins containing less than 1 percent romatics. 21, - A method for making a topcoat composition for nail varnish that is at least substantially free of aromatic solvents, said method consists of: forming a solvent mixture consisting of about 30 to about 45% by volume of ethyl acetate, from about 40 to about 65% by volume n-butyl acetate and from about 5 to about 20% by volume naphthenic material, wherein said naphthenic material consists of from about 37 to about 50 percent paraffins acyclics, about 62 to about 49 percent cycloparaffins and less than 1 percent aromatics; dissolving at least one cellulose ester, at least one plasticizer for said at least one cellulose ester and at least two UV blocking agents having different effective UV wavelength blocking scales in said mixture of solvents for forming a first solution, wherein said at least one cellulose ester consists of at least one cellulose acetate butyrate ester; mixing a softening agent and an adhesion promoter with a suitable alkanol to form a second solution; and combining said first and second solutions. 22. A method according to claim 21, wherein said at least one plasti- cizer consists of butyl benzyl phthalate, wherein said at least two UV blocking agents consist of benzophenone-1 and benzophenone-3. . 23. A method according to claim 22, wherein said softening agent consists of a polysiloxane copolymer, wherein said adhesion promoter consists of amino ethoxysilane, wherein said alkanol consists of isopropyl alcohol and in the that the cycloaliphatic solvents constitute from about 0.9 to about 18% by volume of the total amount of solvents in the top coat composition for nail varnish.