MXPA06007606A - Conditioning shampoo compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

Shampoo compositions comprising at least one surfactant;a silicone oil having an internal phase viscosity of less than about 50,000 cst, wherein said silicone oil is present as a preformed microemulsion of particles having an average particle size of less than about 0.15 microns, a cationic deposition polymer;an aqueous carrier and optionally a stabilizing agent provide a substantially clear shampoo composition, which provides superior conditioning to hair and/or skin while also providing excellent storage stability and high optical transparency or translucency.

Description

COMPOSITION OF AIR CONDITIONER SHAMPOO FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to shampoo compositions, particularly to shampoo compositions that include an anionic surfactant system, a silicone microemulsion and a cationic cellulose or a guar deposit polymer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Shampoo compositions containing various combinations of detergent surfactant and conditioning agents are known. These products generally comprise an anionic detergent surfactant in combination with a conditioning agent such as silicone, hydrocarbon oil, fatty esters or combinations thereof. These products have become more popular among consumers as a means to conveniently obtain cleaning and conditioning performance of hair and skin, all from a single product for personal care. However, many shampoo compositions do not provide sufficient deposition of conditioning agents on hair and skin during the cleaning process. Without this deposit, large proportions of the conditioning agent are removed with the rinse during the cleaning process and, therefore, provide little or no conditioning benefit. Without sufficient deposition of the conditioning agent on hair and skin, relatively high levels of conditioning agents may be required in the personal care composition to provide adequate conditioning performance. Without However, high levels of conditioning agent can increase raw material costs, reduce foam production, and generate concerns related to product stability. Achieving good deposition of a conditioning agent is quite complicated due to the action of the detergent surfactants of the shampoo composition. Detergent surfactants are designed to remove or remove oil, grease, dirt, and particulate matter from hair and skin. In doing so, the detergent surfactants can also interfere with the reservoir of the conditioning agent, and both the deposited and non-deposited conditioning agent can be removed during rinsing. This further reduces the deposition of the conditioning agent on the hair and the skin after rinsing, thereby further reducing the conditioning performance. A known method for improving the deposition of a conditioning agent involves the use of certain cationic deposition polymers. These polymers may be guar polymers or natural cellulosics that have been modified with cationic substituents. Selecting a polymer with sufficient charge density and molecular weight in combination with an optimized surfactant system results in a sufficient supply of conditioning agents. When the silicone in these high-level tank systems has a high internal phase viscosity, some consumers perceive performance disadvantages in terms of less shampoo cleaning, conditioner build-up and a reduction in comb volume. A high internal phase viscosity refers to viscosities greater than 50,000 cst. and, especially, those higher than 100,000 cst. Reducing the silicone deposit will diminish these negative aspects, although it will also reduce the desirable benefits of hair conditioning. Therefore, the need to improve the conditioning performance persists of the shampoo compositions so that they do not produce an accumulation which leads to a reduction in volume and leads to dissatisfaction with respect to the cleaning properties of the shampoo. In addition, an unmet need identified in the consumers is the ability for a shampoo that is visually crystalline or at least transparent to present a sufficient conditioning performance and does not result in disadvantages of cleaning, accumulation or reduced volume of the intended hairstyle and that is stable. during storage. Previous attempts have been made to use dispersed droplets of silicone oil deposited on the hair shaft to provide this conditioning. NeverthelessThese attempts have resulted in insufficient conditioning, accumulation of conditioning agents, reduction in comb volume or instability in terms of reduced product transparency and / or an unacceptable reduction in the viscosity of the shampoo over time. It is known in the industry that oily cosmetic agents such as silicones can be incorporated into the cosmetic compositions by microemulsification, wherein the silicone is present in the form of emulsified droplets of a particle size of about 0.15 microns or less. However, by the very nature of the way in which the microemulsified particles of a conditioning oil are incorporated into the cosmetic compositions, the conditioning benefits that can be achieved are often limited due to the low level of on-site storage. intended, ie the hair or the skin. Even when enough deposit is achieved, it often results in less cleaning, product accumulation and / or decreased volume. Also, stability issues during storage are common, such as a significant reduction in the transparency and / or viscosity of the product with this method.

In addition, attempts have been made in the industry to employ higher internal phase silicones (> 0.05 m2 / s (50,000 cst)) in order to provide crystalline conditioning shampoos. The use of these high viscosity materials presents various technical challenges. The main technical challenges are the lower cleaning, the accumulation of product and the reduced volume described above. In addition, attempts have been made to employ silicones of lower internal phase (> 0.015 m2 / s (15,000 cst)) in order to provide crystal conditioning shampoos. In the past, the use of lower viscosity materials had resulted in disadvantages in the conditioning performance and / or disadvantages related to viscosity stability. The absence of good conditioning performance is probably the result of the inadequate combination of a polymer and a surfactant system resulting in a deficient silicone deposit. Likewise, these attempts have resulted in formulations that are very unstable, which present a significant drop in the viscosity of the shampoo in a relatively short period. Consequently, there remains a need to achieve a practically crystalline shampoo composition, which provides superior conditioning benefits for the hair and / or the skin. There also remains a need to achieve a practically crystalline shampoo composition, which remains stable and is virtually crystalline for a prolonged period of storage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention meets the aforementioned needs by providing a shampoo composition that provides superior conditioning for hair and / or skin, while providing excellent storage stability and, optionally, high transparency or optical translucency. These Benefits can be obtained by combining a microemulsified, low viscosity silicone oil with a cationic deposition polymer. In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a shampoo composition comprising: (a) From about 2% to 35% by weight of at least one surfactant; (b) from about 0.01% to 10% by weight of a silicone oil having an internal phase of viscosity less than about 0.05 m2 / s (about 50,000 cst), wherein said silicone oil is found to be present as a preformed microemulsion of particles having an average particle size of less than about 0.15 microns; the emulsion comprises water, surfactant and the particles; wherein the molar equivalent of the surfactant in the total composition of the shampoo is equal to or greater than the molar equivalent of surfactant in the preformed microemulsion; (c) from about 0.01% to 10% by weight of a cationic deposition polymer selected from the group comprising cationic cellulose polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 800,000 and cationic guar polymers having a molecular weight of at least about 800,000, as well as a charge density of at least about 0.1 meq / g; (d) an aqueous carrier, and (e) optionally, from about 0% to about 5% of a stabilizing agent.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Even though the specification concludes with the claims that in a particular manner clearly state and claim the invention, it is believed that the present invention will be better understood from the following description.

The shampoo compositions of the present invention include at least one detergent surfactant, a silicone oil microemulsion, a cationic deposition polymer and an aqueous carrier. Each of these components, as well as • the essential and preferred components, are described in detail below. All percentages, parts and proportions are based on a total weight of the compositions of the present invention, unless specified otherwise. All these weights as far as the listed ingredients are concerned, are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include the solvents or by-products that may be included in the materials available in the market, unless otherwise indicated. As used herein, all molecular weights are weighted average molecular weights expressed as grams / mole, unless otherwise specified. The term "charge density", as used herein, refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges comprising the polymer in a monomer unit to the molecular weight of the monomer unit. The charge density is usually expressed in milliequivalents per gram. The charge density multiplied by the molecular weight of the polymer determines the number of positively charged sites in a given polymer chain. In this document, the term "comprises" means that other steps or ingredients may be added that do not affect the final result. This term includes the expressions "consists of" and "consists essentially of". The compositions and methods or processes of the present invention may comprise, consist and consist essentially of the basic elements and limitations of the invention described herein. As used herein, the term "polymer" includes materials obtained by the polymerization of one or both types of monomers (ie copolymers) or more types of monomers. As used herein, the term "suitable for application to human hair" means that the described compositions or components thereof are suitable for use in contact with human hair, scalp and skin, in u na nadmisible toxicity and ncompatibility, instability, allergic response and the like. As used herein, the term "substantially crystalline" means that the compositions have a percent transparency of at least about 75% transmittance at 600 nm when measured in the absence of dyes and colorants using any standard UV spectrophotometer. As used herein, the term "storage stable" means that the compositions maintain a level of transparency of at least about 70% transmittance at 600 nm when measured in the absence of dyes and colorants for at least 6 hours. months and are stored at 101 kPa (one (1) atmosphere) of pressure, 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C, or in an approximate rapid aging for 2 weeks at a temperature of 45 ° C. The term "storage stable" may also refer to the viscosity stability of the shampoo, wherein the viscosity of the finished shampoo composition drops no more than 40% of the initial viscosity of the shampoo compositions for at least 6 months. months when stored at 101 kPa ((1) pressure atmosphere), 50% relative humidity and 25 ° C or in an approximate rapid aging for 2 weeks at a temperature of 45 ° C. The internal viscosity phase of the silicone being measured is the viscosity of the silicone oil itself and not that of the emulsion or the final shampoo composition. In order to measure the viscosity of the internal phase of the silicone, the emulsion must be broken first to phase the silicone oil of the carrier (ie water) and the surfactants in the microemulsion. Generally, it is possible to break the silicone emulsion by adding a sufficient amount of solvent, for example isopropanol, which is practically not soluble in the silicone, or by following a gradual process in which the addition of isopropanol is followed by the addition of acetone. . After physical preparation of the carrier's silicone oil and surfactants, standard viscosity measurement techniques can be employed. The viscosity measurement technique p referred to and applied to a viscometer B rookfield of cone and blade is measured at 25 ° C.

A. Surfactant The shampoo compositions of the present invention include an anionic surfactant system. The surfactant component is included to impart cleaning performance to the composition. The surfactant component in turn includes an ethoxylated surfactant and a sulfate, and optionally a zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant, an additional surfactant, or a combination thereof. These surfactants must be physically and ecologically compatible with the essential components described herein, or in no other way they must unacceptably affect the stability, aesthetic appearance or performance of the product. Suitable anionic surfactant components for use in the shampoo compositions herein include those known for use in hair care and other personal care compositions. The concentration of the anionic surfactant component in the shampoo compositions should be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and soaping performance and, generally, ranges from about 2% to about 35%, preferably from about 5% to about 25% , by weight of the shampoo composition.

Preferred anionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo composition are alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates. These materials have the respective formulas ROSO3M and RO (C2H4O) xSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is an integer having a value of about 1 to about 10, and M is a cation such as ammonium, alkanolammonium such as triethanolamine, monovalent metals such such as sodium and potassium, and polyvalent metal cations such as magnesium, and calcium. The solubility of the surfactant will depend on the anionic surfactants and the particular cations selected. Preferably, R has from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, still more preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms, in both alkyl sulfates such as alkyl ether sulfates. The alkyl ether sulfates are usually prepared as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. The alcohols can be synthetic or derived from fats, for example coconut oil, palm kernel oil and tallow. Lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil are preferred. These alcohols are reacted with from about 0 to about 10, preferably from about 2 to about 5, more preferably about 3, molar proportions of ethylene oxide, and the resulting mixture of the molecular species having, for example, a average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, it sulfates and neutralizes. Non-limiting examples of alkyl ether sulfates which can be used in the personal care compositions of the present invention include the salts of sodium and ammonium of cocoalkyl sulfate triethylene glycol ether, tallow sulfate alkyl triethylene glycol ether and tallowalkylhexaoxyethylene sulfate. The alkyl ether sulfates which are most preferred are those which are constituted by a mixture of individual compounds, in which they have an average alkyl chain length of about 10 to 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of about 1 to 4. moles of ethylene oxide. This mixture also comprises from about 0 and 20% by weight of C12-13 compounds; from 60 to 100% by weight of compounds C1-? 5-? 6; from about 0 to 20% by weight of compounds C17-8-19; from about 3 to 30% by weight of compounds having an ethoxylation degree of 0; from about 45 to 90% by weight of compounds having an ethoxylation degree of from 1 to 4; from about 10 to % by weight of compounds having an ethoxylation degree of 4 to 8; and about 0.1 to 15% by weight of compounds having an ethoxylation degree greater than 8. An ethoxylate percentage can be calculated based on the stoichiometry of the surfactant structure, based on a molecular weight of the surfactant when the number of moles of ethoxylation. Also, given a specific molecular weight of a surfactant and a measurement of the termination of the sulphation reaction, the percentage of sulfate can be determined. Analytical techniques have been developed to measure the percentage of ethoxylation or the percentage of sulfates in surfactant systems. The level of ethoxylate and the sulphate level representative of a particular surfactant system is calculated from the percentage of ethoxylation and the sulphate percentage of the individual surfactants, as follows: Ethoxylate level in a composition = percentage of ethoxylation multiplied by percentage of active ethoxylated surfactant. Sulfate level in a composition = percentage of sulfate in the ethoxylated surfactant multiplied by p or percentage of active ethoxylated surfactant plus the percentage of sulfate in the non-ethoxylated surfactant multiplied by the percentage of active non-ethoxylated surfactant. Another suitable class of anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts of organic sulfuric acid reaction products of the general formula R SO3-M, wherein R ^ is selected from the group consisting of a saturated, straight-chain, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical. or branched having from 8 to 24, preferably from 2 to 18 carbon atoms; and M is a cation. Important examples are the salts of an organic product of the reaction with sulfuric acid of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, including iso-, neo-, ineso-, and n-paraffins, having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, Preference of 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a sulfonating agent, for example SO 3, H 2 SO 4, oil, obtained according to known methods of sulfonation, including bleaching and hydrolysis. The sulfonated alkali metal and ammonium C12-18 n-paraffins are preferred. Preferred anionic surfactants for use in shampoo compositions include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, laureth sulfate, diethanolamine, monoglyceride sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, lauroiisarcosinate sodium, lauroyl sarcosinate sodium, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, lauroyl sulfate sodium, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, and combinations thereof.

Additional Surfactants Amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent surfactants suitable for use in the present shampoo compositions include those known for use in hair care compositions and others for personal care. The concentration of these amphoteric surfactants preferably ranges from about 0.5% to about 20%, preferably from about 1% to about 10%, by weight of the composition. Non-limiting examples of zwitterionic or amphoteric detergent surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. num. 5,104,646, and 5,106,609. Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use in shampoo compositions are well known in the industry and include those surfactants which, in general, are described as secondary and tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives, in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and another has an anionic group for solubilization in water, such as carboxyl, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. Preferred amphoteric surfactants for use in the present invention include cocoamphoacetate, cocoamphodiacetate, lauroamphoacetate, lauroamphodiacetate, and mixtures thereof. Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use in shampoo compositions are commonly used in the industry and include those surfactants which are generally described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium compounds, wherein the aliphatic radicals may be be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and another contains an anionic group such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. The preferred ones are zwitterionic surfactants such as betaines.

Optional Surfactants The shampoo compositions of the present invention may additionally contain additional surfactants for use in combination with the surfactant component described above. Other suitable anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts organic products of the reaction with sulfuric acid according to the formula [R1-SO3-M], wherein R1 is a saturated, straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about to about 24, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms; and M is a cation described above. Non-limiting examples of these surfactants are the salts of an organic product of the reaction with sulfuric acid of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, including the iso-, neo-, and n-paraffins, having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. carbon, preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and a sulfonating agent, for example SO 3, H 2 SO 4, obtained according to known methods of sulfonation, including bleaching and hydrolysis. Sulphonated C-to-Cia n-paraffins of alkali metals and ammonium are preferred. Still other suitable anionic surfactants are the products of the reaction of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide wherein, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil. Other similar anionic surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. num. 2,486,921; 2,486,922; and 2,396,278. Other anionic surfactants suitable for use in the compositions of shampoo are succinates, examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulphosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate tetrasodium ester, sodium salt diamyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid, sodium salt dihexyl ester of sulfosuccinic acid and dioctyl esters of sodium salt of sulfosuccinic acid. Other suitable anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms. In this context, the term "olefin sulfonates" refers to compounds that can be produced by sulfonation of alpha-olefins by uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization of the acid reaction mixture under conditions such that either Sulfonates that have been formed in the reaction are hydrolyzed to provide the corresponding hydroxyalkanesulfonates. Sulfur trioxide can be liquid or gaseous and is generally, but not necessarily, diluted with inert diluents, for example liquid SO2, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc., when used in liquid form or with air, nitrogen, gaseous SO2, etc., when used in gaseous form. The alpha-olefins from which the olefin sulfonates are derived are monoolefins having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms. Preferably, they are straight chain olefins. In addition to the alkenesulfonates themselves and a proportion of hydroxyalkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates may contain minor amounts of other materials such as alkene disulfonates depending on the reaction conditions, the ratio of reactants, the nature of the olefins serving as raw material and its impurities, and secondary reactions during the sulfonation process. A non-restrictive example of this mixture of alpha-olefin sulfonate is described in US Pat. no. 3,332,880.

Another class of anionic surfactants suitable for use in shampoo compositions are the beta-alkyloxy alkan sulfonates. These surfactants correspond to the formula: wherein R1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, R2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, preferably 1 carbon atom, and M is a water-soluble cation such as those described above. Preferred anionic surfactants for use in personal care compositions include sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Amides, including alkanolamides, are the condensation products of fatty acids with primary and secondary amines or alkanolamines to obtain products with the general formula: OR RC-N X \? wherein RCO is a fatty acid radical and R is C8-20, X is an alkyl, aromatic or alkanol (CHR'CH2OH wherein R 'is H or C1-6 alkyl), and is H, alkyl, alkanol or X Suitable amides include, but are not limited to, cocamide, lauramide, oleamide and stearamide. Alkanolamides include, but are not limited to, cocamide DEA, cocamide MEA, cocamide MIPA, isostearamide DEA, isostearamide MEA, isostearamide MIPA, lanolinamida DEA, lauramide DEA, lauramide MEA, lauramide MIPA, linoleamide DEA, linoleamide MEA, linoleamide MIPA, myristamide DEA, mirlstamide MEA, myristamide MIPA, oleamide DEA, oleamide MEA, oleamide MIPA, palmamide DEA, palmamide MEA, palmamide MIPA, palmitamide DEA, palmitamide MEA, amide of palm kernel DEA, amide of almond of palm MEA, amide palm kernel MIPA, amide peanut MEA, amide peanut MIPA, amide soy DEA, stearamide DEA, stearamide MEA, stearamide MIPA, mide DEA, alkylamide sebum DEA, alkylamide tallow MEA, undecilenamida DEA, undecilenamide MEA and PPG-2 hydrodroxyethyl coconut / isostearamide. The condensation reaction can be carried out with free fatty acids or with all kinds of esters of the fatty acids, such as for example oils and, particularly, methyl esters. The reaction conditions and the sources of the raw material determine the mixture of materials in the final product, as well as the nature of any impurities. Suitable optional surfactants include nonionic surfactants. Any of these surfactants known in the industry for use in hair care products or personnel can be used, provided that the optional optional surfactant is also chemically and physically compatible with the essential components of the composition for the treatment. Personal care or otherwise, does not unduly affect the operation, aesthetic characteristics or stability of the product. The concentration of the optional additional surfactants in the composition for personal care may vary with the desired cleaning performance or the desired lathering ability, the chosen optional surfactant, the desired product concentration, the presence of other components in the composition, and Other factors well known in the industry. Non-limiting examples of other surfactants suitable for use in personal care compositions are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 Yearbook, published by M. O. Publishing Co., and in U.S. Pat. num. 3,929,678, 2,658,072; 2,438,091; 2,528,378.

B. Silicone Silicones preferred for use herein include non-volatile silicones, siloxane gums and resins, aminofunctional silicones, quaternary silicones and mixtures thereof with each other and volatile silicones. Examples of silicone polymers suitable for use in the present invention include those described in U.S. Pat. no. 6,316,541. Silicone oils are silicone materials flowing and have a viscosity measured at 25 ° C less than about 0.05 m2 / s (about 50,000 centistokes [csk]), preferably less than about 0.03 m2 / s (about 30,000 csk) more preferably from about 5 x lO ^ m ^ s (about 5 csk) to about 0.05 m2 / s (about 50,000 csk) and, even more preferably, about 1 x 10"5 m / s (about 10 csk) to 0. 03 m2 / s (about 30,000 csk.) Silicone oils suitable for use in the personal care compositions of the present invention include polyalkylsiloxanes, polyarylsiloxanes, polyalkylarylsiloxanes, siloxane polyether copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other insoluble non-volatile liquid silicones having conditioning properties can also be used. The silicone oils include polyalkyl or polyarylsiloxanes that conform to the following formula: wherein R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be substituted or unsubstituted, and x is an integer from about 1 to about 8000. Unsubstituted R groups suitable for use in personal care compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, alkylamino, and aliphatic rings and aliphatics substituted with hydroxyls, substituted with halogens and substituted with ethers. Substituted forms of hydroxyl, commonly known as dimethiconols, are the most common silicones found in preformed microemulsions. Examples of dimethiconol microemulsions consistent with the present invention include, but are not limited to, the silicone microemulsion DC-2-1865, available from Dow Corning. These hydroxyl groups can be further reacted or substituted, as desired, in order to further improve performance characteristics or stability of the shampoo composition. Suitable R groups include trimethyl siloxane, cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups. The alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C 1 to C 5 alkyls and alkenyls, more preferably C 1 to C 4 and most preferably C 1 to C 2. The aliphatic portions of other groups containing alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl (for example alkoxy, alkaryl and lcamino) may be straight or branched chain and have from C- to C5, more preferably from day C4, more preferably from Ci to C3, more preferably from Ci to C2. As discussed above, the R substituents may also contain amino functional groups (eg, alkamino groups), which may be primary, secondary or tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium. These include the mono-, di- and tri- alkylamino and alkoxyamino groups, in which the chain length of the aliphatic portion is described above. Various methods are available for making microemulsions of silicone particles for use in the invention and result well known and documented in the industry. A particularly preferred technique for making silicone microemulsions is that described in U.S. Pat. no. 6,316,541 mentioned above. In that document, a method for making a stable microemulsion of high molecular weight silicone polymer and water by sequentially adding, at an effective rate, a standard emulsion comprising a polydiorganosiloxane precursor, surfactant and water to a polymerization catalyst medium is described. it is mixed, in order to form a crystalline and stable aqueous microemulsion of polydiorganosiloxane. The silicone can, for example, be a liquid at room temperature, so as to have a suitable viscosity to allow the material itself to be easily emulsified to the required particle size of about 0.15 microns or less. The amount of silicone incorporated into the compositions of the invention depends on the type of composition and the material used. A preferred amount ranges from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of the shampoo composition, although these limits are not absolute. The lower limit is determined by the minimum level to achieve an acceptable conditioning for the consumer group to which it is directed, and the upper limit, by the maximum level to prevent the hair and / or the skin from becoming unacceptably greasy. The activity of the microemulsion can be adjusted accordingly in order to achieve the desired amount of silicone or a lower level of preformed microemulsion can be added to the composition. The silicone oil microemulsion can be further stabilized with sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium lauryl ether sulfate with 1-10 moles of ethoxylation. Can an additional emulsifier, preferably selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof, is present. The amount of emulsifier will generally have a ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 7 parts by weight of the silicone, although larger amounts of emulsifier may be employed, for example 5: 1 part by weight of the silicone or more. The use of these emulsifiers may be necessary to maintain the transparency of the microemulsion if the microemulsion is diluted before being added to the shampoo composition. The detergent surfactant of the shampoo composition may be the same surfactant as that of the emulsifier in the preformed microemulsion. The silicone microemulsion can be further stabilized in the shampoo composition by selecting specific emulsifiers for use during the polymerization process of the emulsion which is used to make the silicone microemulsion. A polymerization process of the suitable emulsion is described in U.S. Pat. no. 6,316,541. A typical emulsifier is the TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate that is formed in the process when triethanolamine (TEA) is used to neutralize the dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid used as the emulsion polymerization catalyst. It has been found that the selection of the anionic counterion, generally an amine, and / or the selection of the alkyl or alkenyl group in the sulfonic acid catalyst can further improve the stability of the microemulsion in the shampoo composition. In general, hydrophobic amines are more preferred than triethanolamine and more are hydrophobic alkyl or alkenyl groups than dodecyl. Specifically, amine neutralizing agents having a solubility parameter of about 9.5 to about 13.2 are preferred. Examples of preferred amines include, but are not limited to, triisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine and aminomethylpropanol. This selection of amines is not limited to the use with the neutralization of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid; they can be used with other acid catalysts, for example other aliphatic sulfonic acids or aliphatic sulfuric acids. Other acids, such as strong acids without aliphatic groups such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, are not so useful in the present invention. Alkyl or alkenyl groups that are more hydrophobic than dodecyl are defined as those that have a greater amount of carbons than the 12 carbons that are in the d or decyl group. For example, the degustation examples that are more hydrophobic than dodecyl include, but are not limited to, those with 14 carbon atoms or more, for example the groups containing 14 carbons (tetradecyl), 16 carbons. (hexadecyl) and 18 carbons (octadecyl). A commercially available example of a higher chain length acid is tridecylbenzene sulfonic acid, marketed by Stepan Corporation. The total level of acid emulsion polymerization catalyst present in the reaction medium is from about 0.01 to about 30% by weight of the total silicone. The ionic surfactant catalysts are those catalysts which are neutralized acid catalysts containing alkyl or alkenyl groups, as described above, and are generally used at the higher end of this range.

C. Cationic cellulose or quar polymer The compositions of the present invention may contain a cationic polymer to help deposit the silicone oil component and improve the conditioning capacity. The concentrations of the cationic polymer in the composition usually range from about 0.01% to about 3%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 1.0%. Suitable cationic polymers will have cationic charge densities of at least about 0.4 meq / gm, with preferably at least about 0.06 meq / gm, but also, preferably, less than about 7 meq / gm, more preferably less than about 5 meq / gm, at the pH of the proposed use of the shampoo composition, whose pH it will generally vary from about pH 3 to about pH 9, preferably from about pH 4 to about pH 8. In this document, "cationic charge density" of a polymer refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges in the polymer with respect to the molecular weight of the polymer. The average molecular weight of such suitable cationic guar and cellulose polymers will generally be at least about 800,000. Cationic polymers which are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention contain cationic nitrogen containing portions such as quaternary ammonium portions or cationic protonated amino moieties. The cationic mines can be mined to primary, secondary or tertiary mines (preferably secondary or tertiary), depending on the particular species and the pH selected for the composition. Any anionic counterion associated with the cationic polymers can be used, provided that the polymers remain soluble in water, in the composition or in a coacervate phase of the composition, and so long as the counterions are physically and chemically compatible with the essential components of the composition. composition or in any other way do not unduly impair the stability, aesthetic characteristics or performance of the product. Non-limiting examples of this type of counterions include halides (for example chloride, fluoride, bromide, iodide), sulfate and methyl sulfate. Non-limiting examples of these polymers are described in CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary), 3a. edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C. (1982)). Suitable cationic polymers for use in the composition include polysaccharide polymers such as cationic cellulose derivatives. The cationic polysaccharide polymers that are considered suitable include those corresponding to the formula: wherein A is a residual group of anhydroglucose such as a residual group of cellulose anhydroglucose; R is an alkylene, oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene group, or combinations thereof, R1, R2, and R3 are independently alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group contains up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic entity (i.e. the sum of the carbon atoms in R1, R2 and R3) is preferably about 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion, as described above. Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are the hydroxyethylcellulose salts reacted with trimethylammonium substituted epoxide known in the industry (CTFA) as polyquaternium 10, and distributed by Amerchol Corporation (Edison, NJ, USA) as polymers of the LR series, JR, JP and KG. Other suitable types of cationic cellulose include polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide known in the industry (CTFA) as polyquaternium 24. These materials are distributed by Amerchol Corporation under the trade name of Polymer LM-200 . Suitable cationic guar polymers include gum derivatives cationic guar such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, a preferred example of which includes the Jaguar Excel, distributed by Rhodia Corporation. The guar polymers consistent with the present invention are described in U.S. Pat. no. 5, 756,720. If used, the cationic polymers of the present invention either soluble in the composition or soluble in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and the anionic, amphoteric and / or zwitterionic detergent surfactant component described above. Complex cationic polymer coacervates with other fillers can also be formed in the composition. The techniques for the analysis of complex coacervate formation are known in the industry. For example, at any dilution step that is chosen, microscopic analysis of the compositions can be used to determine whether the coacervate phase is formed. This coacervate phase is identified as an additional emulsified phase in the composition. The use of dyes helps distinguish the coacervate phase from other insoluble phases dispersed in the composition. Preferred cationic polymers include polymers of cationic charge density high enough to effectively improve the deposition efficiency of the solid particle components described herein. Preferred cationic polymers comprise cationic cellulose polymers and cationic guar derivatives with charge densities of at least about 0.5 meq / gm and preferably less than about 7 meq / gm. Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are the hydroxyethyl cellulose salts that have been reacted with an epoxide substituted with trimethylammonium known in the industry as polyquaternium 10 (CTFA) distributed by Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) as Ucare Polymer JR30M, with a loading density of 1.32 and a molecular weight of approximately 2,000,000, Ucare Polymer KG30M, with a charge density of 1.96 and a molecular weight of approximately 2,000,000, and Ucare Polymer JP, with a charge density of 0.7 and a molecular weight of approximately 2,000,000. The deposit polymers described above provide a good transparency, as well as adequate flocculation in dilution with water during use, provided that sufficient electrolytes are added to the formulation. Suitable electrolytes include, but are not limited to, sodium chloride, sodium benzoate, magnesium chloride, and magnesium sulfate. The reservoir polymer is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of the total composition, with p reference of about 0.01% to about 1% by weight, and even more preferably about 0.04. % to about 0.6% by weight.

D. Aqueous carrier The cosmetic compositions of the invention are preferably aqueous based, whereby water forms the basis of the continuous phase of the microemulsion. Preferably, the compositions comprise water in an amount ranging from about 20% to about 99%, by weight of the total composition.

E. Stabilizing components of the silicone microemulsion The compositions of the present invention may contain a stabilizing component which contributes to maintaining the viscosity of the base of the shampoo containing the silicone microemulsion. With storage, the viscosity of shampoo bases containing silicone microemulsion can be reduced by almost 50%, one level below the consumer preference. By adding a stabilizing component, the viscosity of the shampoo composition itself is maintained at a consumer preferred viscosity of at least about 1.5 Pa.s (about 1500 cps). Suitable stabilizing components stabilize the structure of the microemulsion by preventing the migration of a small fraction by weight of the silicone from the internal phase of the microemulsion to the continuous phase of the shampoo composition. Said stabilizing components include, but are not limited to, water-soluble thickeners, non-ionic surfactants and polymeric emulsifiers. An added thickener in addition to the cationic deposition polymer is an example of a stabilizing component. Examples of thickeners include hydroxyethylcellulose derivatives such as the Methocel series, marketed by Amerchol Corporation, and the Natrosol series, marketed by Aqualon, crosslinked polyacrylates, such as the Carbopol series, marketed by Noveon, and gellan gum, marketed by CP Kelco Corporation . Nonionic surfactants are generally found in the preformed silicone microemulsion. The addition of more non-ionic surfactants to the shampoo can improve stability even more. Preferred nonionic surfactants have a HLB range of 9-18. These surfactants may be straight chain or branched and generally contain various levels of ethoxylation / propoxylation. The nonionic surfactants useful in the present invention are preferably formed from a fatty alcohol, a fatty acid, or a glyceride with a carbon chain of C8 to C24, preferably a carbon chain of C12 to C18, derivatized to produce a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of at least 9. It is understood that HLB means the balance between the size and strength of the hydrophilic group and the size and strength of the lipophilic surfactant group. Such derivatives may be polymers such as ethoxylates, propoxylates, polyglycosides, polyglycerins, polylactates, polyglycolates, polysorbates and others that are obvious to those experienced in the industry. Such derivatives can also be mixed with the aforementioned monomers, such as those of the ethoxylate / propoxylate species, wherein the total HLB is preferably greater than or equal to 9. Examples of these nonionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, BRIJ 35, BRIJ 30, Arlasolve 200, Surfonic L22-24, Tween 20, Volpo-20, Pluronic L64, Pluronic P103 and Pluronic L35. Polymeric emulsifiers, such as Plantaren 2000, from Cognis, Pemulen TR-1 and Pemulen TR-2, from Noveon, and the Arlacel series, from Unichema may also be useful in the present invention. When these materials are present, they are included in concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight of the total composition.

Form of the product The compositions of the invention are preferably rinse-off compositions, ie suitable for application to hair and / or skin, leaving them for an appropriate period and then rinsing them with water. The compositions according to the present invention are, most preferably, optically crystalline. Depending on the type of shampoo or silicone employed, one or more additional ingredients conventionally incorporated in the formulations of tobacco may be included in the compositions of the invention. Additional ingredients include antibacterial agents, anti-dandruff agents, foaming agents, perfumes, coloring agents, preservatives, viscosity modifiers, proteins, polymers, buffering agents or pH adjusters, wetting agents, herbal or other plant extracts and other ingredients natural All documents cited in the detailed description of the invention are, in part relevant, incorporated herein by reference; The citation of any document should not be construed as an admission that it constitutes a prior industry with respect to the present invention. While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It has been intended, therefore, to cover in the appended claims all changes and modifications that are within the scope of the invention. The following examples are presented to better illustrate the present invention without intending to limit it.

UCare Polymer JR30M, Molecular weight = 2.0 MM, charge density = 1.32 meq./gram, supplier: Dow Chemicals UCare Polymer KG30M, Molecular weight = 2.0 MM, charge density = 1.96 meq./gram, supplier: Dow Chemicals 3 Jaguar Excel, supplier: Rhodia 4 UCare Polymer JP, Molecular weight = 2.0 MM, charge density = 0.7 5 Sodium lauryl sulfate at 29% active with an average of approximately 3 moles of ethoxylation, supplier: P &G 6 Sodium lauryl sulfate to 29% active, supplier: P &G 7 Dow Corning 2-1865; internal phase viscosity = 44 Pa.s (44,000 cps); 30 nm dimethiconol particle size using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active silicone Dow Corning 2-1865; internal phase viscosity = 34 Pa.s (34,000 cps); 30 nm dimethiconol particle size using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active 9 Dow Corning 2-1865; internal phase viscosity = 25.4 Pa.s (25,400 cps); 30 nm dimethiconol particle size using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active silicone 1 Miranol C2M Conc NP, 40% active, supplier: Rhodia. 1"Tegobetaine F-B, 30% active, supplier: Goldschmidt Chemicals 12 Promidium 2, supplier: Unichema 13 Magnesium Chloride 6-hexahydrate, supplier: Fisher Chemicals 14 Sodium Chloride USP (food grade), supplier: Morton.

The following examples are representative of the shampoo compositions of the present invention that provide improved stability: UCare Polymer JR30M, Molecular weight = 2.0 MM, charge density = 1.32 meq./gram, supplier: Dow Chemicals UCare Polymer KG30M, Molecular weight = 2.0MM, charge density = 1.96 meq./gram, supplier: Dow Chemicals Jaguar Excel , supplier: Rhodia Polyquaterium 10 experimental polymer with molecular weight = 2.0 MM and loading density = 0.7 meq./grams, supplier Dow Chemicals Rubber gel, supplier: CP Kelco.

Sodium lauryl sulfate at 29% active with an average of about 3 moles of ethoxylation, supplier: P &G 7 Sodium lauryl sulfate at 29% active, supplier: P &G 8 Dow Corning 2-1865; internal phase viscosity = 44 Pa.s (44,000 cps); 30 nm dimethiconol particle size using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active silicone Dow Corning 2-1865; internal phase viscosity = 34 Pa.s (34,000 cps); 30 nm dimethiconol particle size using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active. Experimental microemulsion with internal phase viscosity = 25.4 Pa.s (25,400 cps), dimethiconol particle size of 30nm, < 1% D4 achieved through a Dow Corning steam trapping process, 25% active silicone, supplier: Dow Corning 11 Dow Corning experimental samples, internal phase viscosity = 25 Pa.s (25,000), dimethiconol particle size 30, using TEA dodecylbenzenesulfonate and laureth 23 as primary surfactants, 25% active silicone 12 Miranol C2M Conc NP, 40% active, supplier: Rhodia 13 Tegobetaine FB, 30% active, supplier: Goldschmidt Chemicals 14 Promidium 2, supplier: Unichema 1 Magnesium Chloride 6-hexahydrate, supplier: Fisher Chemicals 16 Sodium Chloride USP (food grade), supplier: Morton.

All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the invention are, in part relevant, incorporated herein by reference; The citation of any document should not be construed as an admission that it constitutes a prior industry with respect to the present invention. While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended to cover in the appended claims all changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims (18)

1. A shampoo composition comprising: (a) from 2% to 35% by weight of at least one surfactant; (b) from 0.01% to 10% by weight of a silicone oil having an internal phase viscosity of less than 0.05 m2 / s (50,000 cst), characterized in that said silicone oil is present as a preformed microemulsion of particles having an average particle size of less than 0.15 microns, the emulsion comprises water, surfactant and the particles; wherein the molar equivalent of the surfactant in the shampoo composition is equal to or greater than the molar equivalent of surfactant in the preformed microemulsion; (c) from 0.01% to 10% by weight of a cationic block polymer selected from the group comprising cationic cellulose polymers having a molecular weight of at least 800,000 and cationic guar polymers having a molecular weight of at least minus 800,000 and a charge density of at least 0.1 meq / g; (d) an aqueous carrier; and (e) optionally, from 0% to 5% of a stabilizing agent.

2. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the silicone oil is selected from non-volatile silicones, siloxane gums and resins, aminofunctional silicones, quaternary silicones and mixtures of these with each other and with other volatile silicones.

3. A composition according to claim 2, further characterized in that the silicone oil is selected from the group that it comprises polyalkylsiloxanes and polyarylsiloxanes, wherein the polyalkylsiloxanes and the polyarylsiloxanes contain hydroxyl groups.

4. A composition according to claim 3, further characterized in that the hydroxyl groups are substituted with trimethylsiloxane.

5. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the particles of the ilicone have a particle size of less than 0.1 micrometers.

6. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the silicone oil is present in the composition in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight.

7. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the surfactant is selected from the group comprising anionic, cationic, amphoteric or non-ionic surfactants or mixtures thereof.

8. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the cationic deposition polymer is a cationic cellulose polymer.

9. A composition according to claim 7, further characterized in that the surfactant is composed of an anionic surfactant system, a. Wherein the anionic surfactant system comprises an ethoxylate level in an amount of 1.04 multiplied by the molecular weight divided by 1.0 MM of the cationic cellulose polymer plus 0.75 to 3.25, b. wherein the anionic surfactant system comprises a sulfate level in an amount of 0.42 multiplied by the charge density of the cationic cellulose polymer plus 1.1 to 3.6;

10. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the cationic deposition polymer is a cationic guar polymer.

11. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the stabilizing agent is a water-soluble polymeric thickener.

12. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the stabilizing agent is a non-ionic surfactant in addition to any surfactant which is already present in the preformed emulsion, and because the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group comprising surfactants. nonionic having a range of HLB from 9 to 18 and is present from 0.05% to 5% of the total shampoo composition.

13. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the preformed microemulsion comprises at least one surfactant selected from the group comprising surfactants having an amine counter-ion whose solubility parameter is from 9.5 to 13.2 and surfactants containing a group alkyl or alkylene with more than 12 carbon atoms.

14. A composition according to claim 15, further characterized in that the amine counterion is selected from the group comprising triisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine and aminomethylpropanol.

15. A composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the silicone comprises less than 1% cyclotetrasiloxane.

16. The composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the shampoo composition, before adding any dye and / or pigment, has a percentage of transmittance at 600 nm of at least 75%

17. The composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the composition retains at least 60% of the original viscosity of said compositions after a period of at least seven days at a temperature of 120 ° C.

18. A shampoo composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the silicone oil has an internal phase viscosity of less than 0.03 m2 / s (30,000 cst.)