MXPA06005869A - Industrial single-layer fabric having concave-convex surface - Google Patents

Abstract

An industrial single-layer fabric having a concave-convex upper side surface and a lower side surface comprises warps, wefts and auxiliary wefts having a smaller diameter than the wefts. On the upper side surface in a repeating unit, at least two kinds of upper side knuckles are formed by each of the warps that passes over one weft and zero to two auxiliary wefts. On the lower side surface in the repeating unit, at least two kinds of lower side knuckles are formed by each of the warps that passes under one weft and zero to four auxiliary wefts. The wefts form a plain weave design by alternatively passing over one warp and passing under one warp.

Description

UNICAPA FABRIC, INDUSTRIAL, WITH CONCEXA-CONCAVE SURFACE Field of the invention The present invention relates to a single-layer, industrial fabric, suitable as a fabric capable of marking a nonwoven fabric or paper, with excellent fiber and volume holding property, and which can be used in high-speed machines.

Background of the technique As an industrial fabric with concave-convex surface, woven fabrics with warps and wefts have been widely used until now. The fabrics have been used in a variety of fields including wire mills for the manufacture of non-woven fabrics, wire meshes for papermaking and conveyor belts. Its concave-convex structure is effective to generate special marks or feel for paper or non-woven fabrics or to prevent the transported goods from slipping.

In particular, fabrics for marking non-woven fabrics or paper have strict requirements for satisfying the fiber-supporting property, the release property of the sheet and adaptability to high-speed machines, as well as adequate height of its concave and convex . In recent years, with the acceleration of the machines for the manufacture of non-woven fabrics or machines for the manufacture of paper, the aforementioned requirements have been stricter.

The fabrics for marking can be manufactured by several processes. As described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-9013, fabric is manufactured to form a float (long crease) of warps and wefts on the surface of the fabric, thus providing a different height in each region. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-27407, it describes a process for arranging long diameter warps at some intervals, and marking by using a different height at the top of a knuckle between a warp of a small diameter and a warp. warp of a long diameter. These processes are effective to give a geometric pattern, characters or deformations, or sporadic patterns different from the main pattern, but they are not suitable for giving volume to the non-woven fabrics when making use of the constitution of the complete fabric.

At present, the fabrics "to put marks have problems like the dispersion of leaves of raw material due to the high speed of the machine.In the wet formation, the fibers are provided to the machine together with a large amount of water for gue The speed of the machine can be upgraded to some extent In the dry formation, however, the fibers of very light raw materials by weight are provided to the fabric so they sometimes disperse when treated with high speed machines This phenomenon is marked when the fiber raw materials are provided to the fabric having a relatively flat surface.The fabric having a structure that facilitates the entanglement of fibers or having a marked concave-convex structure will overcome the problem of dispersion. But in that cloth, the fibers sometimes get under the constituent threads to deteriorate the property of detachment of the leaf. Consequently, the property to prevent the dispersion of fibers, the property of detachment of the sheet and the property of generating the concave-convex form are properties that can not be satisfied simultaneously.

COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a single-layer, industrial fabric having a concave-convex surface, which has excellent fiber-supporting property, blade detachment property and adaptability to high-speed machines and which is suitable for The manufacture of non-woven fabric with volume or paper with marks.

The present invention relates to a single-layer, industrial fabric having a concave-convex surface, which consists of warps, wefts and auxiliary wefts having a smaller diameter than the wefts. In the repeated unit of the unicapa fabric, industrial, the warps have a design with at least two kinds of knuckles on the upper side formed with a warp that goes over one to three threads in total, that is, a weft and from zero to two auxiliary wefts on the surface on the upper side. On the surface on the underside of the unicap, industrial fabric, at least two kinds of knuckles on the underside are formed by a warp that passes below one to five yarn in total, that is, a weft and from zero to four auxiliary frames. The wefts of the unicap, industrial fabric forms a flat woven design in the repeated unit by passing alternately over a warp and passing under a warp on the surface on the upper side and on the surface on the underside.

Each of the knuckles on the upper side formed by a warp passing over a weft and from zero to two auxiliary wefts in a repeated unit can be any of the first knuckle formed by a first warp passing successively on two threads in total, this is, a frame and an auxiliary frame that are contiguous with each other, a second knuckle formed by a second warp that passes successively on two threads in total, that is, an auxiliary frame and a frame adjoining each other, a third knuckle formed by a third warp that passes successively on three threads in total, that is, one weft and two auxiliary wefts contiguous to each other, a fourth knuckle formed by a fourth warp that passes successively on three yarn in total, that is, two auxiliary wefts and one weft contiguous to each other, a knuckle knuckle formed by a fifth warp that passes successively on three threads in total, that is, an auxiliary frame, a frame and an auxiliary frame with tiguas to each other, and a sixth knuckle p} formed by a sixth warp that passes over a plot.

Each of the aforementioned warps may have only a repeating pattern, which is a knuckle from the first to the sixth on the surface on the upper side.

Alternatively, each of the warps may have a design that repeats two of any of the knuckles from the first to the sixth on the surface on the upper side of the repeating unit.

More alternatively, one of the warps may have a design that repeats only one of the six knuckles and one of the warps may have a design that repeats two of any of the six knuckles and one of the warps may have a design that repeats two of any of the knuckles from the first to the sixth in a repeated unit.

The frames and auxiliary frames can be arranged in a ratio of 2: 1 to 2: 3. Each of the auxiliary frames can have one or two designs. The warps and the wefts can be any monofilament, monofilaments in bunch or twisted threads. Auxiliary frames can be any monofilaments, multifilaments, twisted yarns, fancy yarns, and hollow yarns.

At least a part of the warps and / or wefts may be of flat yarn. The warps may protrude more from the upper side or from the surface on the lower side than the wefts.

Each of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth knuckles formed on the surface of the fabric of the present invention are a convex part formed on the surface of the upper side when a warp passes over a weft, or a weft and weft. an auxiliary plot along its forms. The first knuckle is formed by a warp that passes successively on two threads in total, that is, a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, the second knuckle is formed by a warp that passes successively on two threads in total, that is, an auxiliary frame and a frame contiguous with each other, the third knuckle is formed by a warp that passes successively on three threads in total, that is, a frame and "two auxiliary" frames contiguous with each other, the fourth knuckle is formed by a warp that passes successively on three threads in total, that is, two auxiliary wefts and a contiguous weft between them, the fifth knuckle is formed by a warp that passes successively on three threads in total, that is, an auxiliary weft, a weft and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, and the sixth knuckle is formed by a warp that passes over a weft.

The industrial unicapa fabric according to the present invention has excellent fiber holding property, sheet release property and adaptability to high speed machines and is suitable for the manufacture of fluffed nonwoven fabric by employing a flat woven design in which at least two warp knuckles of different shape are placed randomly on the side of the upper surface.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 1 according to the present invention.

Figs. 2A to 2D include views of the cross section taken along lines 2A-2A, 2B-2B, 2C-2C and 2D-2D of warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Fig. 1 respectively.

Figs. 3A and 3B include views of the cross section taken along "the lines 3A and 3B of the auxiliary frame 2 'and frame 1 of Fig. 1 respectively.

Figs. 4A to 4D include views of the cross section taken along lines 4A-4A, 4B-4B, 4C-4C and 4D-4D of warps 1 and 2, warps 2 and 3, warps 3 and 4 and warps 4 and 1 of Fig. 1 respectively, each two warps are contiguous with each other.

Fig. 5 is a design diagram showing "a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 2 according to the present invention.

Figs. 6A and 6B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 6? -6A and 6B-6B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 5 respectively.

Fig. 7 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 3 according to the present invention.

Figs. 8A and 8B include views of the cross section taken along lines 8A-8A and 8B-8B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 7 respectively.

Fig. 9 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 4 according to the present invention.

Figs. 10A and 10B include views of the cross section taken along lines 10A-10A and 10B-10B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 9 respectively.

Fig. 11 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 5 according to the present invention.

Figs. 12A and 12B include views of the cross section taken along lines 12A-12A and 12B-12B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 11 respectively.

Fig. 13 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 6 according to the present invention.

Figs. 14A and 14B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 14A-14A and 14B-14B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 13 respectively.

Fig. 15 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 7 according to the present invention.

Figs. 16A and 16B include views of the cross-section taken along lines 16A-16A, 16B-16B and 16C-16C of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 15 respectively.

Fig. 17 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 8 according to the present invention.

Figs. 18A through 18D include views of the cross section taken along lines 17A-17A, 17B-17B, 17C-17C and 17D-17D of warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Fig. 17 respectively.

Figs. 19A and 19B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 19A-19A, and 19B-19B of the auxiliary frame 2 'and frame 1 of FIG. 17 respectively.

Figs. 20A to 20D include views of the cross section taken along lines 20A-20A, 20B-20B, 20C-20C and 20D-20D of warps 1 and 2, warps 2 and 3, warps 3 and 4 and warps 4 and 1 of FIG. 17 respectively, each two warps are contiguous with each other.

Fig. 21 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 9 according to the present invention.

Figs. 22A and 22B include views of the cross section taken along lines 22A-22A and 22B-22B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 21 respectively.

Fig. 23 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 10 according to the present invention.

Figs. 24A to 24B include views of the cross section taken along lines 24A-24A and 24B-24B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 23 respectively.

Fig. 25 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 11 according to the present invention.

Figs. 26A and 26B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 26A-26A and 26B-26B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 25 respectively.

Fig. 27 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 12 according to the present invention.

Figs. 28A and 28B include cross-sectional views taken along lines 28A-28A and 28B-28B of warps 1"2 of FIG. 27 respectively.

Fig. 29 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 13 according to the present invention.

Figs. 30A and 30B include views of the cross section taken along lines 30A-30A and 30B-30B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 29 respectively.

Fig. 31 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 14 according to the present invention.

Figs. 32A and 32B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 32A-32A, 32B-17B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 31 respectively.

Fig. 33 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 15 according to the present invention.

Figs. 34A and 34B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 34A-34A and 34B-34B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 33 respectively.

In the figures, the numbers 1, 2, 3 ... 15 indicate warps and frames, and the numbers 1 ', 2', 3 '... 16' indicate auxiliary frames.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The fabric of the present invention is suitable for use in the fields of manufacture of non-woven fabric by means of spunbond, meltblown, air-laid, spin-layered, wet-formed, dry-formed, or similar methods. Curled non-woven fabric or paper with concave-convex patterns can be obtained by giving concave-convex patterns to the fabric or paper during the manufacturing step of the non-woven fabric or paper or in the drying step by TAD (through of Air Dryer).

The fabric of the present invention is a single-layer industrial fabric composed of warps, wefts and auxiliary wefts having a smaller diameter than the wefts.

In principle, the wefts are preferably thick and stiff and a plurality of warp knuckles of different shape are randomly found in these relatively straight frames. In the fabric of the present invention, the upper part of a warp knuckle becomes the convex part, while the intersection of the warps formed between two contiguous plots becomes the concave. A concave-convex structure is formed by the difference in height between them. The convex part is also composed of a plurality of warp knuckles of different shape, which makes the concave-convex structure more complicated. In the present invention, several kinds of concave-convex portions are formed by not using the floating length of the warps or wefts but the difference in height and the difference in shape of the warp knuckles. It mainly adopts a flat weave structure. The warps and wefts have a structure of flat weave assuming that the auxiliary frames are excluded from there.

In the present invention, the term "warp knuckle" means a convex part formed by passing a warp on or under a weft following the shape of the weft; or means a convex part formed by passing a warp on or under a weft and one or a plurality of auxiliary wefts that are contiguous with each other (one with another), following the shape of them. Therefore, a warp has a diameter and quality material to facilitate bending and knuckle formation. The diameter and material of each wire has a great influence on the height between concave and convex. For example, when a flexible thread is used as a weft, a warp knuckle has a low height because the weft is bent at the intersection between the warp and the weft. The use of a rigid web but with a small diameter makes the whole web relatively flat. The use of a warp that is not flexible prevents the firm weave of warps and wefts, giving rise to a fabric that has little stability.

Auxiliary frames are necessary to form a plurality of warp knuckles of different shapes. For example, the knuckles formed by successively passing a warp over a weft and an auxiliary weft are different in shape and arrangement from those formed by successively passing a warp over an auxiliary weft and a weft. When the difference in diameter between the auxiliary frame and the weft is small, the difference in shape between the knuckles becomes small, whereby the convex portions similar in shape are formed on the entire surface of the fabric. A cloth like this is always convenient. In any case, it is necessary to completely examine the diameter balance of the threads and material used for them.

The frames and auxiliary frames can be arranged in 1: 1, which means that an auxiliary frame is arranged relative to a frame, or 1: 2, or 2: 1 which means that two frames are fixed, followed by the arrangement of an auxiliary frame. Additional examples include arrays in the order of a frame, an auxiliary frame, a frame and two auxiliary frames, and arrays in the order of a frame, an auxiliary frame, two frames and an auxiliary frame.

Although no particular limitation is imposed on the proportion of the arrangement or arrangement composition of frames and auxiliary frames, an arrangement design of three or more continuous frames is not preferred because it alters the formation of knuckles in different ways. Therefore, the maximum of a continuous array is two frames. Similarly, the continuous arrangement of three or more auxiliary wefts is not preferred, because in spite of the iase in the variation of the knuckle shapes, it prevents the firm weave of warps and "wefts" and therefore impairs the stability of the knuckles. It is preferable to fix two continuous auxiliary frames at most.

On the surface on the upper side, at least two knuckles at the top, different from each other, are formed by passing a warp on a weft and from zero to two auxiliary wefts. The knuckles formed on the surface on the upper side are, for example, a first knuckle formed by successively passing a warp on two threads in total, that is, a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, a second knuckle formed by passing successively a warp on two threads in total, that is, an auxiliary weft and a weft, contiguous to each other, a third knuckle formed by successively passing a warp on three threads in total, that is, a weft and two auxiliary wefts contiguous to each other, a fourth knuckle formed by successively passing a warp on three threads in total, that is, two auxiliary wefts and one weft adjoining each other, a fifth knuckle formed by successively passing a warp on three threads in total, that is, an auxiliary weft, a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, and a sixth knuckle formed by passing a warp over a weft.

From these knuckles, two or more knuckles different from each other can be formed as a fabric design. The term "knuckles different from each other" is used to designate the knuckles that pass over frames and auxiliary frames, which are different in number and different in arrangement. For example, the first knuckle formed by passing a warp on two threads in total, that is, a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous with each other is different from the second knuckle formed by passing a warp on two threads in total, that is, a weft auxiliary and a frame contiguous with each other. The difference between the first knuckle and the second knuckle is the position of the auxiliary frame adjacent to the weft, but these knuckles formed on a straight weft are different. In addition, one of these knuckles is arranged on the front side including one frame and the other is arranged on the back including a frame so these knuckles are not arranged linearly on the lateral dilection. As a result, the fabric has a concave-convex surface by having two or more knuckles of different shapes arranged in a random fashion.

The examples of the design of the fabric in which two or more knuckles are formed, includes a fabric in which a warp has a design of always repeating a first knuckle and another warp that has a design of always repeating a second. knuckles are arranged alternately, and a cloth in which a warp has a design of always repeating a first knuckle and another warp that has a design of alternately repeating a fifth knuckle and a sixth knuckle are arranged as needed. use but also a cloth in which each of the warps of three types that repeat the same knuckle are arranged as needed.

Although no limitation is imposed on the design of the auxiliary frames, a design that passes over many continuous warps is not preferred. Auxiliary wefts arranged between webs exhibit their effects to improve the fiber holding property. An object of the present invention is to form warp knuckles of different shape on the surface on the upper side so that the long portions of the auxiliary wefts that are not woven with the warps limits the design of the fabric. Furthermore, when this fabric is used for the manufacture of non-woven fabric, there is danger of the raw material fibers hidden under the long auxiliary webs deteriorating the release property of the sheet. Therefore, these defects must be taken into consideration. The auxiliary wefts preferably have a design that passes over and under a warp, or a design that passes over two continuous warps and under two continuous warps. Auxiliary frames can have one or more designs, but as a complete fabric, they preferably have one or two designs. The arrangement of too many designs is not preferred from the point of view of the property of the fabric and the tension balance of the fabric.

The wefts that have a flat weave design, that is, a design to alternately pass over and under a warp, on the upper side and on the lower side. The warps have a design that will be a flat weave design after the exclusion of auxiliary frames from them. In the fabric of the present invention, a complete concave-convex surface is formed by not using the length of a float of a weft or warp but using the difference in height between the top of a warp knuckle and a warp intersection between two contiguous frames or a concave part formed by auxiliary frames, and difference in shape between warp knuckles. Therefore, in principle the warps and the wefts have a flat weave design.

In the flat weave design of the wefts employed in the present invention, the hard-to-bend rigid webs are woven with warps to easily form a convex shape so that the webs protrude from the surfaces on the upper side and on the lower side. However, all the patterns pass over a warp and then pass under a warp successively so the design is considered as a flat weave design.

Although no particular limitation is imposed on the surface on the underside, a warp may have a design that will be a flat weave design. after the exclusion of auxiliary frames from them. You can select your own design in view of the relationship with the design of the surface on the upper side. The fabric of the present invention has, on the surface on the underside, at least two kinds of knuckles on the underside formed by passing a warp under a weft and from zero to four auxiliary wefts. With respect to the knuckle on the underside 'formed on the underside by a warp, the number of frames is necessarily one, the number of auxiliary frames that are combined with the frame may be zero, one, "two, three or, as maximum, four Examples of knuckles on the underside include those formed by passing a warp under a weft, formed by successively passing a warp under two threads in total, that is, a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, formed by successively passing a warp under three threads in total, that is, an auxiliary weft, a weft and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, formed successively by successively passing a warp below three threads in total, that is, two auxiliary wefts and one weft adjoining each other, and formed by successively passing a warp below five threads in total, ie , two auxiliary frames, one frame and two auxiliary frames contiguous with each other. On the surface on the underside, two or more knuckles are needed but the warps that make up this knuckle are not limited. The fabric may have a design in which a warp always forms two knuckles on the underside or a design in which at least two types of warps are arranged, each of which always forms the same knuckle.

The yarns that are used in the present invention can be selected depending on the purpose of use. Examples of these include, in addition to monofilaments, multifilaments, spun yarns, finished yarns treated for curling or to increase their volume called textured yarns, crimped yarn and drawn yarn, and yarns obtained by interlacing them. examples thereof include polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, aramid, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene naphthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene, cotton, wool and metal.Of course, the yarns obtained using copolymers or by mixing the The aforementioned material with several selected substances, depending on the purpose of use For the static protection, sometimes a conductive thread is mixed with yarns that constitute a fabric for the manufacture of non-woven fabric, similarly, a conductive yarn can be used as a part or the total of threads constituting the fabric of the present invention.

In a high temperature atmosphere, polyphenylene sulfide is preferred, and polyester or polyamide is generally used for industrial fabrics. In particular, stiff, hard-to-fold yarns are preferred as webs constituting the fabric of the present invention whereby monofilaments, bunch monofilaments and twisted yarns are suitable. In addition, those having a relatively long diameter are preferred. As warps, yarns having a diameter and quality of material that facilitate bending along the shape of the wefts or auxiliary wefts to form a knuckle are preferred. Monofilaments, bunch monofilaments and twisted yarns are suitable. Those having a smaller diameter than the wefts are preferred. As auxiliary screens, monofilaments, multifilaments, twisted yarns, fancy yarns and hollow yarns are preferred. Because the auxiliary wefts are used to regulate the tension of the warps that have to improve the flexibility during the weaving of a fabric, the non-rigid yarns are preferred as the wefts but flexible.

Flat yarns can be used for the manufacture of non-woven fabric because they are resistant to stains, can be easily washed and are suitable for forming a flat junction for infinite splicing. In the present invention, we can use as warps, wefts and auxiliary wefts, not only yarns having circular cross-section but also yarns in square or short form such as premier, flat, elliptical or hollow. Of course, 'combined' can be used. For example, threads having a flat cross section can be used as warps, and those having a "circular cross section can be used as frames and auxiliary wefts." Some of the flat warps can be replaced with circular warps with union in the warps. For example, in a high-speed machine for manufacturing non-woven fabric, when the surface of the fabric is excessively uniform, a fibrous sheet formed in the fabric sometimes disperses, therefore one and a fabric can be woven using the same fibers. circular warps with union on the two edges as some of the flat warps to form a structure in which the fibers are fixed in the fabric.In this fabric, the proper fixation of fibers is effective to prevent the dispersion of the sheet. of many circular warps with union on the two edges, however, can sometimes deteriorate the property of detachment of the leaf due to excessive fixation of fibers in the fabric so you must select the number of circular warps with union on the two edges, as needed.

In this specification, the terms "surface on the upper side" and "surface on the underside" are used to facilitate their understanding. The fabric of the present invention is a unicapped fabric whereby any of them can be a contact surface of raw material or contact surface of the machine.

EXAMPLES The embodiments for carrying out the invention will be explained below based on the Examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figs. 1 to 34 show Examples of the present invention and are any design diagram, a cross-sectional view taken along a warp, a cross-sectional view taken along a weft. In the design diagram, the minimum of one repeated unit of fabric design is shown. The complete fabric is formed by connecting this complete design laterally and longitudinally. In the design diagram, the warps and frames are indicated by Arabic numerals, for example 1, 2 and 3, the auxiliary frames are indicated by Arabic numerals with a prime, for example, Y, 2 'and 3'.

In these diagrams, a "x" mark means that a warp is placed over a weft. A part where a warp passes over a weft and an auxiliary weft to form a warp knuckle is shaded. In the design diagram and cross-sectional view, the frames and auxiliary frames are placed at equal intervals, but they sometimes deviate from the positions shown.

Example 1 Fig. 1 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 1 of the present invention. Figs. 2A to 2D include views of the cross section taken along lines 2A-2A, 2B-2B, 2C-2C and 2D-2D of warps 1, 2 ,. 3 and 4 of Fig. 1 respectively. Figs. 3A-and 3B include views of the cross-section taken along lines 3A and 3B of the auxiliary frame 2 'and frame 1 of Fig. 1 respectively. Figs. 4A to 4D include views of the cross section taken along lines 4A-4A, 4B-4B, 4C-4C and 4D-4D of warps 1 and 2, warps 2 and 3, warps 3 and 4 and warps 4 and 1 of Fig. 1 respectively, shows two contiguous warps 1 and 2, warps 2 and 3, warps 3 and 4, and warps 4 and 1 intercepting each other. The frames and the auxiliary frames are alternately arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. Symbols A to D of the design diagram indicate the positions of concave portions A to D.

As plies, yarns having a relatively long diameter and sufficient stiffness are used so as not to bend easily, and as warps and auxiliary wefts, yarns are used that easily bend to form knuckles. As can be seen in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 3B taken along the frame 1, a curved knuckle was formed on both sides, that is, the upper side and the lower side of a relatively straight weft.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2A to 2D, the surface on the upper side is made of two knuckles, that is, a first knuckle formed by successively passing a warp on an adjacent weft and weft adjacent to each other and a second knuckle formed by a passing warp. successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame contiguous to each other. Specifically described, in warp 1, a knuckle passing over the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft 2 'adjoining each other and a knuckle passing over the weft 5 and an auxiliary weft 6' adjacent to each other, are the first knuckle and in the warp 3, a knuckle passing over an auxiliary weft 4 'and weft 5 adjacent to each other and a knuckle passing over the auxiliary weft 8' and weft 1 adjacent to each other, are the second knuckle. The views of the cross section of the warps 1 and 3 of Figs. 2A and 2C also show that knuckles of different shape are formed.

As is evident in the frame 1 of Fig. 3B, the wefts of Example 1 have a flat weave design by passing alternately over a warp and under a warp. As you can see in the cross section of the warps 1 through 4 shown in Figs. 2A to 2D respectively, each of the warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 have a design that is a fabric design "flat to pass alternately over a weft and under a weft, if the auxiliary wefts 2 ', 4', 6 'and 8' are excluded The auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 'and 8' have the same design, that is, a design to pass over two warps and under two warps 1, 2, 3, and 4 They have an adequate length to improve the property of fiber sustentation without damaging the property of detachment of the sheet.

The surface on the underside is formed by knuckles on the underside which pass under a side weft on the bottom surface and an auxiliary weft contiguous with each other.

The concave-convex shape of this fabric will be described later with reference to Figs.4A to 4D including the cross-sectional views of warps 1 to 4 adjacent to each other As shown in the design diagram of Fig. 1, the warps are arranged in numerical order 1, 3, 3 and 4. Warp 1 has a design that passes over 'a weft 1 and auxiliary weft 2' to form a first knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 4 ', forming a first knuckle over the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6', and then passing under the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame 8A The warp 2 has a design that passes under the the frame 1 and the auxiliary frame 2 ', passes over the frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 4' to form a first knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6 ', and then forms a first knuckle in the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame 8 'As a result, in the urdimb 1 and 2 which are contiguous with each other, the first knuckles are formed successively in the frame 1 and the auxiliary frame 2 ', in the frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 4', in the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6 'and in the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame 8 '. These knuckles correspond to the convex part. At the intersection between warps 1 and 2, the concave part A is formed as seen in Figs. 1 and 2A This concave part is at the lowest level of the intersection of the warp 1 falling from the upper side of the auxiliary weft 2 'to the lower side of the weft 3 and the warp 2 which fall from the upper side of the weft. the frame 3 to the lower side of the auxiliary frame 2 '. There is a difference in height between the top of the first knuckle and this concave part. The concave part A is also formed between the frame 4 and the auxiliary frame 5 ', between the frame 6 and the auxiliary frame 1' and between the frame 8 and the auxiliary frame V.

With respect to warps 2 and 3, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2B, the warp 2 has a design that passes under the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft 2 ', passes over the weft 3 and the auxiliary weft 4' to form a first knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under of the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6 'and passes over the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame 8' to form a first knuckle, the warp 3 has a design passing over an auxiliary frame 8 'and the frame 1 to form a second knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the auxiliary frame 2 'and the frame 3, forms a second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 4' and the frame 5 and passes under the auxiliary frame 6 'and the frame 7. As result, the warps 2 and 3 form a second knuckle and a first knuckle successively in the auxiliary frame 8 '"and frame 1, frame 3 and auxiliary frame 4', auxiliary frame 4" and frame 5, and 54ama 7 and auxiliary frame 8 'The upper parts of these knuckles correspond to the convex parts with different shapes, the concave part B and the concave part. C ava are formed at the intersections between warp 2 and warp 3.

The concave part B is at the intersection between the warp 3 falling from the upper side of the frame 1 to the lower side of the auxiliary frame "2." At this lowest point, the auxiliary frame 2 'is located. concave B in which the auxiliary frame 6 'is also formed between the frame 5 and the frame 7. In this way, a concave part in which there is an auxiliary frame is formed between the upper part of the first knuckle and the part height of the second knuckle, causing the appearance of the difference in height.

The concave part C, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4B, at the intersection of the warp 2 passing over the auxiliary weft 4 'and the warp 3 passes over the auxiliary weft 4A The concave part C is not deeper than the concave part A or the concave part B because it is not found at the intersection formed by a warp that falls in a descending manner. However, it is concave compared to the top of a knuckle. Similarly, the concave part C is formed in the auxiliary frame 8 '.

With respect to warps 3 and 4, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4C, the warp 3 has a design that passes over the auxiliary weft 8 'and weft 1 to form a second knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the auxiliary weft 2' and the weft 3, forms a second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 4 'and the frame 5 and then passes under the auxiliary frame 6' and the frame 7, the warp 4 has a design that passes under the auxiliary frame 8 'and the frame 1, passes over the frame auxiliary 2 'and the frame 3 to form a second knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the auxiliary frame 4' and the frame 5, and then forms a second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 6 'and the frame 7. As a result, in the warps 3 and 4, a second knuckle is formed successively in the auxiliary frame 8 'and the frame 1, in the auxiliary frame 2' and the frame 3, in the auxiliary frame 4 'and the frame 5 and in the auxiliary frame 'and the frame 7. The high parts of these knuckles correspond to the convex parts. The concave part D is formed at the intersection between warp 3 and warp 4. This is the lowest position where the warp 3 falling from the upper side of the weft 1 to the lower side of the auxiliary weft 2 intersects each other. and the warp 4 falling from the upper side of the auxiliary weft 2 'to the lower side of the weft 1. Therefore a difference in height appears between the upper part of the second knuckle and the concave part. The concave part D is also formed between the frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 4 ', the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6', and the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame With respect to warp 4 and warp 1, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4D, the warp 4 has a design that passes under the auxiliary weft 8 'and the weft 1, passes over the auxiliary weft 2' and the weft 3 to form a second knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passes under the auxiliary frame 4 'and the frame 5, and then form a second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 6' and the frame 7, the warp 1 has a design that passes over the frame 1 and the auxiliary frame 2 'to form a first knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passes under the frame 3 and the auxiliary frame 40, forms a first knuckle in the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6 ', and then passes under the frame 7 and the auxiliary frame 8 ' As a result, in warp 4 and warp 1, a first knuckle and a second knuckle are formed successively in frame 1 and auxiliary frame 2 ', auxiliary frame 2' and frame 3, frame 5 and auxiliary frame 6 'and frame auxiliary 6 'and frame 7. The high part of these knuckles correspond to the concave parts with different shape. Between the warps 4 and 1, the concave part C and the concave part B are formed, by intersection of the warps.

The concave part C is at the intersection between the warp 4 passing over the auxiliary weft 2 'and the weft 1 passing over the auxiliary weft 2A The Concave part C is not at the intersection of the warps that fall in descending order so it is not deeper than the concave part A, concave part B and concave D. However, it is concave compared to the upper part of a knuckle. Similarly, the concave part C is formed in the auxiliary frame 6 '.

The concave part B lies at the intersection between a warp 4 falling from the upper side of the weft 3 to the lower side of the auxiliary weft 4 'and the warp 1 falling from the upper side of the weft 5 to the lower side of the weft. the auxiliary frame "4A is the lowest position where the auxiliary frame 4 is." Similarly, the concave part B in which the auxiliary frame 8 'is formed is formed between the frame 7 and the frame 1. In this way, a concave part in which an auxiliary frame is located is formed between the upper part of a first knuckle and the upper part of a second knuckle, giving rise to the appearance of a difference in height.

In this way, the first knuckle and the second knuckle with different shapes and concave portions are formed on the surface on the upper side., B, C and D with different shapes. As mentioned above, these concave parts do not have only 'different depth or shape but are also arranged linearly in the same direction of the row as can be understood by the arrangement of symbols A to D in the design diagram of Fig. 1. Specifically described, around the auxiliary frame 2 ', the concave part A is formed between the auxiliary frame 2' and the frame 3 between the warps 1 and 2, the concave part B is formed in the auxiliary frame 2 'between the warps 2 and 3, the concave part D is formed between the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft2 'between the warps 3 and 4, and the concave part C is formed in the auxiliary weft 2' between warp 4 and 1. Thus, The fabric is equipped with concave and convex shapes, which are different in shape and depth, placed in a random way. By using this fabric, a concave-convex pattern / can be given that can not be updated by other fabrics, non-woven fabrics or similar and the fabric has excellent adaptability to high-speed machines, property of fiber support and property of detachment of the leaf.

Example 2 Fig. 5 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 2 of the present invention. Figs. 6A and 6B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 6A-6A and 6B-6B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 5 respectively. The branches 1, 3, 5 and 7 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4f, 6' and 8 'are alternately arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. The surface on the upper side is made of first and second knuckles that pass over a frame and an auxiliary frame that are contiguous with each other. The auxiliary wefts have a design, the wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the wefts have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft. frame after the exclusion of the auxiliary frames.

This fabric of Example 3 has three warp designs: Warp 1 has a design that repeats a first knuckle only, warps 2 and 4 have "a design that repeats a first knuckle and a second knuckle, and warp 3 has a design that repeats a second knuckle only. For these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in form and depth and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its totality, equipped with convex parts and concave parts, which are of different shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 3 Fig. 7 is a design diagram showing a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 3 of the present invention. Figs. 8A and 8B include views of the cross section taken along lines 8A-8A and 8B-8B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 7. Frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 ', 8', 10 ', 12' 14 'and 16' are alternately arranged at a ratio of 1: 1. The surface on the upper side is made of first and second knuckles that pass over a frame and an auxiliary frame that are contiguous with each other. The auxiliary wefts have a design, the wefts have a flat weave design as we alternately pass over a warp and under a warp, and the wefts have a design that will be a flat plan design that alternately passes over a weft and below the weft. a frame after the exclusion of the auxiliary frames.

This fabric of Example 3 has four warp designs. Warp 1 has a design that repeats only a second knuckle, warp 2 has a design that repeats a first knuckle and three seconds knuckles, warp 3 has a design that repeats four first knuckles, and warp 4 has a design that repeats three first knuckles and a second knuckle. For these designs, the concave and convex parts of different shapes are formed. The concave parts are of different depth and shape and also are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its totality, equipped with convex and concave parts, of different shapes and depth, placed in a random way.

Example 4 Fig. 9 is a design diagram of a repeated unit of a fabric of Example 4 of the present invention. Figs. 10A and 10B include views of the cross section taken along lines 10A-10A and 10B-10B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 9 respectively. The frames 1, 4, 7 and 10 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 30, 5', 6 ', 8', 9 ', 10', and 12 'are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2. The surface on the upper side is made of first and second knuckles that pass over a frame and an auxiliary frame that are contiguous with each other. The auxiliary wefts have a design, the wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the wefts have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft. frame after the exclusion of the auxiliary frames. In this example, two auxiliary frames are placed between the frames, but this arrangement does not destroy the fundamental flat weave design.

This fabric has a warp design. The warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a second knuckle. By this design, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts have different depth and shape and, besides, they are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with convex and concave parts, which are different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 5 Fig. 11 is a design diagram of a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 5 of the present invention. Figs. 12A and 12B include views of the cross section taken along lines 12A-12A and 12B-12B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 11 respectively. The combinations of a frame 1, 6 and an auxiliary frame 2 ', 7', and combinations of a frame 3, 8, and two auxiliary frames 4 ', 5', and 9 ', 10' are arranged, meaning that the frames and the auxiliary frames are arranged in a ratio of 2: 3. The surface on the upper side is made of first and second knuckles that pass over an auxiliary frame and auxiliary weft adjacent to each other. The auxiliary wefts have a design that passes over two warps and passes under two warps, and another design that passes over a warp and passes under three warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and warps that have a tedious design that will be a flat weave design that alternately passes over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the auxiliary frames.

In this Example, a frame, an auxiliary frame, a frame and two auxiliary frames are arranged in this order. Even with this arrangement the fundamental flat weave design is not destroyed. This fabric has a warp design. The warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a second knuckle. By means of this design, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are of different depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the line. The fabric is, in its entirety, eguipated with convex and concave parts, of different shape and depth, placed in a random way.

Example 6 Fig. 13 is a design diagram of a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 5 of the present invention. Figs. 14A and 14B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 14A-14A and 14B-14B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 13 respectively. The frames 1, 4, 7 and 10 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 3', 5 ', 6', 8 ', 9', 11 'and 12 are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2. The surface on the upper side is made of a third knuckle passing over a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other and a fourth knuckle passing over two auxiliary wefts and a frame contiguous with each other. Auxiliary frames have a design that passes over two warps and under two warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a design that alternately passes over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the auxiliary wefts.

This fabric has two warp designs. The warps 1, and 4 have a design that repeats a third knuckle, and the warps 2 and 3 have a design that repeats a fourth knuckle. For these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts have different depth and shape and, besides, they are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with convex and concave parts, which are different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 7 Fig. 15 is a design diagram of a repeated unit of the fabric of Example 7 of the present invention. Figs. 16A, 16B and 16C include views of the cross section taken along lines 16A-16A, 16B-16B and 16C-16C of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 15 respectively. The frames 1 and 4 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 3', 5 'and 6' are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2. The surface on the upper side is made of a fourth knuckle which passes successively on two auxiliary frames and one weft, contiguous to each other and a fifth knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame, a frame and an auxiliary tr-mat adjacent to each other. The auxiliary frames have two designs, that is, a design, as represented by the auxiliary frames 2 'and 5', which passes over two warps and passes under two warps, and another design, represented by the auxiliary frames 3 'and 6 ', which passes over a warp and passes under a warp. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and wefts having a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the weft. the auxiliary frames.

The fabric of this Example has two warp designs, warps 1 and 4 have a pattern that repeats "a fifth knuckle, and warps 2 and 3 have a pattern that repeats a quarter knuckle. By these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed on the surface on the upper side. The concave parts have different depth and shape and, besides, they are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with convex and concave parts, which are different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 8 Fig. 17 is a design diagram of a fabric of Example 8 of the present invention. Figs. 18A through 18D include views of the cross section taken along lines 17A-17A, 17B-17B, 17C-17C and -17D-17D of warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Fig. 17 respectively. Figs. 19A and 19B include views of the cross-section taken along lines 19A-19A and 19B-19B, of the auxiliary frame 2 'and the frame 1 of Fig. 17 respectively. Figs. 20A to 20D include views of the cross section taken along lines 20A-20A, 20B-20B, 20C-20C and 20D-20D of warps 1 and 2, warps 2 and 3, warps 3 and 4 and warps 4 and 1 of Fig. 17 respectively, which are contiguous and intercept each other. The "frames 1, 3, 5 and 7 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 'and 8', are alternately arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. The symbols in the diagram from A to D indicate the positions of the concave parts A to D.

The fabrics in Examples 1 to 7 shown in Figs. 1 to 16C, have a surface on the upper side made of knuckle of different shape but equal in length. The fabrics of Example 8 or later, have a surface on the upper side made of different knuckles in both shape and length.

As plies, a yarn with a relatively long diameter and stiff enough not to bend easily can be used, such as warps and auxiliary wefts, a yarn can be employed that easily bends to form a knuckle. As is evident from the cross-sectional view taken along the weft 1 of Fig. 19B, the curved knuckles are formed on "both sides, that is, on the upper side and on the underside of a weft 1 relatively straight.

As shown in Figs. 17 and 18A-18D, the surface on the upper side is made of two warp knuckles of different length. Specifically described, it is made of a warp design having a second knuckle passing successively over an auxiliary weft and a weft contiguous to each other and a sixth knuckle passing over a weft.

As is evident from the weft 1 of Fig. 19B, the wefts 1, 3, 5 and 7 have a flat weave design which alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 they have a design that is a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and under a weft, if the auxiliary wefts are excluded. The auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 'and 8' have the same design that passes over a warp and then under three warps.

The surface on the underside is made of a knuckle on the underside where a warp passes under an auxiliary weft and a weft, contiguous to each other, and another knuckle on the underside where a warp passes under an auxiliary weft ", a frame and an auxiliary frame, contiguous to each other.

The unevenness of this fabric will be described later with reference to Figs. 20A to 20D showing the views of the cross section of two warps contiguous with each other. The warps 1, 2, 3 and 4 are arranged in this order as shown in the design diagram of Fig. 17. Between the warps 1 and 2, the warp 1 has a design that passes over the auxiliary weft 2 'and the weft 3 to form a second knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passing below the auxiliary weft 4 ', frame 5 and auxiliary frame 6 ', forming a sixth knuckle with frame 7, and then passing under auxiliary frame 8' and frame 1, warp 2 has a design passing over auxiliary frame 8 'and the frame 1 to form a second knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passes under the auxiliary weft 2 ', weft 3 and auxiliary weft 4', passes over weft 5 to form a sixth knuckle on the surface on the upper side and then it passes under the auxiliary frame 6 'and the frame 7. As a result, the warps 1 and 2, second, second, sixth and sixth knuckles formed successively in the auxiliary frame 8'0 and the frame 1, in the auxiliary frame 2'. and frame 3, in frame 5, and in frame 7 respectively. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts. The concave portions A, B, C "and D are formed between the wefts by means of the intersection of warp 1 with warp 2.

The concave portions A are in the lowest position where a warp falls from the auxiliary weft on the upper side 2 'to the lower side of the weft 1 and the warp 2 falls from the upper side of the weft 1 on the underside of the weft. the auxiliary frame 2 '; the concave portions B are in the lowest position where the warp 1 falls from the upper side of the weft 3 to the lower side of the auxiliary weft 4 'and the warp 2 falls from the upper side of weft 5 to the lower side of the weft. the auxiliary frame 4 '; the concave portions C are in the lowest position where the warp 1 falls from the upper side of the weft 7 to the lower side of the auxiliary weft 6 'and the warp 2 falls from the upper side of the weft 5 to the lower side of the weft. the auxiliary frame 6 '; and the concave part D is in the lowest position where the warp 1 falls from the upper side of the weft 7 to the lower side of the auxiliary weft 8 'and the warp 2 falls from the upper side of the auxiliary weft 8' to the lower side of the frame 7. A different height appears between each of these four concave parts and the upper part of the second knuckle.

With respect to the warps 2 and 3, the warp 2 has a design that passes over the auxiliary weft 8 'and the weft 1 to form a second knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passes under the auxiliary weft 2', the raster 3 and the auxiliary frame 4 ', forming a sixth knuckle in the frame 5, and then passing under the auxiliary frame 6' and the frame 7, the warp 3 has a design that passes under the auxiliary frame 8 ', the frame 1 and the auxiliary frame 2 ', passes over the frame 3 to form a sixth knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the auxiliary frame 4' and the frame 5, and passes over the auxiliary frame 6 'and the frame 7 to form a second knuckle on the surface on the upper side. As a result, in the warps 2 and 3, the second, sixth, sixth and second knuckles are successively formed in the auxiliary frame 8 ', and the frame 1, in the frame 3, in the frame 5 and in the auxiliary frame 6'. and frame 7, respectively. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts. The concave portions A, B. C and D are formed between the wefts by the intersection of warp 2 and warp 3.

With respect to the warps 3 and 4, the warp 3 has a design that passes under the auxiliary weft 8 ', the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft 2', passes over the weft 3 to form a sixth knuckle on the side of the weft. upper surface, passes under the auxiliary weft 4 'and the weft 5, and which passes over the auxiliary weft 6' and weft 7 to form a second knuckle in the surface on the upper side, the warp 4 has a passing design on the frame 1 to form a sixth knuckle on the surface on the upper side, it passes under the auxiliary frame 2 'and the frame 3, forms a' second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 4 'and frame 5 and then passes under the auxiliary frame 6 ', frame 7 and auxiliary frame 8'. As a result, they are formed in the warps 3 and 4, "the sixth, sixth, second and second knuckles successively in the frame 1, frame 3, auxiliary frame 4 'and frame 5, and in the auxiliary frame 6' and frame 7, These knuckles correspond to the convex parts The concave parts A, B, C and D are formed between the wefts by the intersection of the warp 3 with the warp 4.

With respect to the warps 4 and 4, the warp 4 has a design that passes over the weft 1 to form a sixth knuckle on the surface on the upper side, passes under the auxiliary weft 2 'and the weft 3, forms a second knuckle in the auxiliary frame 4 'and frame 5, and then passes under the auxiliary frame 6', frame 7 and auxiliary frame 8 ', the warp 1 has a design that passes under the auxiliary frame 8' and the frame 1, passes over the auxiliary frame 2 'and the frame 3 to form a second knuckle on the side of the upper surface, passes under the auxiliary frame 4', the frame 5 and the auxiliary frame 6 ', and forms a sixth knuckle in the 7. As a result, in the warps 4 the sixth, second, second and sixth knuckles are successively formed in the frame 1, in the auxiliary frame 2 'and in the frame 3, in the auxiliary frame 4' and frame 5, and frame 7, respectively. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts. The concave portions A, B, C and D are formed between the webs by the intersection of the warp 4 with the warp 1.

In the manner described above, the second knuckle and the sixth knuckle with different shape are formed and the concave portions A, B, C and D with different shape are formed on the surface on the upper side. As described above, the concave parts are different in depth and shape and furthermore, they are not arranged in the same direction of the row, as can be seen from the arrangement of the symbols from A to D in the design diagram of the Fig. 1. Around the auxiliary frame 2 ', the concave part A is formed between the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft 2' between the warp 1"and the warp 2; the concave part B is formed in the auxiliary weft 2 Between the warp 2 and 3, the concave part C is formed in the auxiliary weft 2 'between the warp 3 and the warp 4, and the concave part D is formed between the weft 1 and the auxiliary weft 2' between the wefts 2 and 3. warps 4 and 1. In this way, the fabric is equipped with convex parts and concave parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random way.The fabric has an excellent adaptability to high speed machines, property of fiber support and property of detachment of the leaf and when using this cloth, the patrone Concave-convex ones that can not be updated with other fabrics can be given to non-woven or similar fabrics.

Example 9 Fig. 21 is a fabric design diagram of Example 9 of the present invention. Figs. 22A and 22B include views of the cross section taken along lines 22A-22A and 22B-22B, of warps 1 and 2, of Fig. 21 respectively. The frames 1, 3, 5 and 7 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 'and 8' are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. The surface on the upper side is made of four knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively on a frame and an auxiliary weft contiguous to each other, a second knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame contiguous with each other, a fifth knuckle passing successively over an auxiliary frame and a frame, contiguous to each other, and a sixth knuckle passing over a frame. They form the convex parts in different ways. Auxiliary frames have a design that passes over two warps and under two warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp similar to those described in the previous Examples. The warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and under a weft after the exclusion of the auxiliary wefts.

The fabric of the present example has three warp designs. Warp 1 has a design that repeats a second knuckle, warps 2 and 4 have a design that repeats two knuckles, that is, the fifth knuckle and the sixth knuckle. Warp 3 has a design that repeats a first knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 10 Fig. 23 is a design diagram of the fabric of Example 10 of the present invention. Figs. 24A and 24B include views of the cross section taken along lines 24A-24A and 24B-24B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 23 respectively. The frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 6 ', 8', 10 ', 12', 14 'and 16' are arranged in a ratio of 1. :1. The surface on the upper side is made of three knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively on a frame and an auxiliary frame, adjacent to each other, a second knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame, adjacent to each other , and a sixth knuckle that goes over a plot. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape. Auxiliary frames have a design that passes over a warp and under three warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames.

The fabric of the present example has two warp designs. The warps 1 and 2 have a design that repeats two first knuckles and two sixth knuckles, the warps 3 and 4 have a design that repeats two of the second knuckles and two of the sixth knuckles. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. The fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 11 Fig. 25 is a design diagram of the fabric of Example 11 of the present invention. Figs. 26A and 26B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 26A-26A and 26B-26B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 25 respectively. The frames 1, 4, 7 and 10 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 3', '' 5 ',' 6 ', 8', 9 ', 11' and 12 'are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2. Auxiliary frames have two designs, that is, a design that passes over a warp and under three warps and another design that passes over a warp and under a warp. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames. The surface on the upper side is made of three knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively on a frame and an auxiliary frame, adjacent to each other, a second knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame, adjacent to each other , and a fifth knuckle passing successively over an auxiliary frame, a frame and an auxiliary frame, contiguous with each other. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape.

The fabric of the present example has two warp designs. The warps 1, 3 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a fifth knuckle, and the warps 2 have a design that repeats a second knuckle and the sixth knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. As a result, the fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 12 Fig. 27 is a design diagram of the fabric of Example 12 of the present invention. Figs. 28A and 28B include views of the cross section taken along lines 28A-28A and 28B-28B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 27 respectively. The frames 1, 4, 7 and 10 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 3', 5 ', 6', 8 ', 9', 11 'and 12' are arranged in a ratio of 1: 2. Auxiliary frames have two designs, that is, a design that passes over a warp and under three warps and another design that passes over two warps and under two warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames. The surface on the upper side is made of four knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively over a frame and an auxiliary frame, contiguous to each other, a second knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame, adjacent to each other , a third knuckle passing successively over a frame and two auxiliary frames, contiguous to each other, and a fourth knuckle passing successively on two auxiliary frames and one frame, contiguous with each other. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape.

This fabric has three warp designs. The warp 1, has a design that repeats a third knuckle, warps 2 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a second knuckle, and warp 3 has a design that repeats a fourth knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. As a result, the fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 13 Fig. 29 is a design diagram of the fabric of Example 13 of the present invention. The Figs "". 30A and 30B include views of the cross section taken along lines 30A-30A and 30B-30B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 29 respectively. The frames 1, 2, 4, and 5 and the auxiliary frames 3 ', and 6' are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1, which means that two frames are followed by an auxiliary frame. Auxiliary frames have a design that goes over a warp and then passes under three warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames. In this Example, the number of frames will be greater than the number of auxiliary frames. The surface on the upper side is made of two knuckles, that is, a second knuckle passing successively over an auxiliary weft and a weft, adjacent to each other, and a sixth knuckle passing over a weft. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape.

The fabric of the present example has two warp designs. The warps 1 and 3 have a design that repeats a second knuckle and a sixth knuckle, and the warps 2 and 4 have a design that repeats a sixth knuckle and the sixth knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. As a result, the fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 14 Fig. 31 is a fabric design diagram of Example 14 of the present invention. Figs. 32A and 32B include views of the cross section taken along lines 32A-32A and 32B-32B of warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 31 respectively. The frames 1, 3, 6 and 8 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 5 ', 7', 9 ', and 10' are arranged in a ratio of 2: 3, more specifically, a frame, an auxiliary frame , one frame and two auxiliary frames are arranged in the order mentioned. They may be fixed in an irregular manner. An irregular arrangement can also be used. The auxiliary wefts have a design that passes over a warp and then pass under three warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames. The surface on the upper side is made of three knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively on a frame and an auxiliary frame, adjacent to each other, a second knuckle passing successively on an auxiliary frame and a frame, adjacent to each other , and a sixth knuckle that goes over a plot. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape.

The fabric of the present example has three warp designs. The warp 1 has a design that repeats a first knuckle, the warps 2 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a sixth knuckle and the warp 3 has a design that repeats a second knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, are not arranged in the same direction of the row. As a result, the fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

Example 15 Fig. 33 is a fabric design diagram of Example 15 of the present invention. Figs. 34A and 34B include views of the cross section taken along the lines 34A-34A and 34B-34B of the warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 33 respectively. The frames 1, 3, 6 and 8 and the auxiliary frames 2 ', 4', 5 ', 7', 9 ', and 10' are arranged in a ratio of 2: 3, more specifically, a frame, an auxiliary frame, a frame and two auxiliary frames are arranged in the order mentioned. Auxiliary frames have a design that goes over a warp and then passes under three warps. The wefts have a flat woven design that alternately passes over a warp and under a warp, and the warps have a design that will be a flat woven design that passes alternately over a weft and below a weft after the exclusion of the wefts. auxiliary frames. The surface on the upper side is made of three knuckles, that is, a first knuckle passing successively over a frame and an auxiliary frame, contiguous to each other, a fifth knuckle passing successively over an auxiliary frame, a frame and an auxiliary frame , contiguous to each other, and a sixth knuckle that passes over a plot. These knuckles correspond to the convex parts of different shape.

The fabric of this example has two warp designs. The warps 1 and 3 have a design that repeats a fifth knuckle and a sixth knuckle, and the warps 2 and 4 have a design that repeats a first knuckle and a sixth knuckle. By means of these designs, the concave-convex parts of different shape are formed. 'The concave parts are different in depth and shape and also, they are not arranged in the same direction of the row. As a result, the fabric is, in its entirety, equipped with concave and convex parts, different in shape and depth, placed in a random manner.

The fabric of the present invention has, on the surface thereof, concave and convex parts of different shape so that they are suitable for use as fabrics for manufacturing non-woven fabrics or paper that is curled and has concave and convex markings and in addition, it has an excellent property of fiber support, property of detachment of the sheet, and adaptability to high-speed machines.

Although only some examples of embodiments of this invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible in the examples of the embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all modifications be included in the field of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. A single-layer, industrial fabric having a concave-convex surface on the upper side and a surface on the lower side consists of warps, wefts and auxiliary wefts having a smaller diameter than the wefts: where, on the surface of the upper side in a repeated unit, at least two kinds of knuckles of the upper side are formed by each of the warps passing over a frame and from 0 to 2 auxiliary frames; where, on the surface of the lower side in the repeated unit, at least two kinds of knuckles are formed on the lower side by each of the warps passing under a weft and from 0 to 4 auxiliary wefts; and where the wefts form a flat woven design by passing, alternately, over a warp and passing under a warp.

2. A unicap, industrial fabric, according to claim 1, wherein each of the knuckles on the upper side are any of the knuckles of the first to the sixth, where: the first knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes successively on a knuckle. plot and then an auxiliary plot, contiguous to each other; the second knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes successively on an auxiliary weft and then a weft, contiguous to each other; the third knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes successively on a weft and then two auxiliary wefts, contiguous to each other; the fourth knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes successively on two auxiliary frames and then a frame, contiguous to each other; the fifth knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes successively on an auxiliary weft, then a weft and then an auxiliary weft, contiguous to each other, and the sixth knuckle is formed by one of the warps that passes over a weft only.

A single-layer, industrial fabric, according to claim 2, wherein each of the warps forms only one of the knuckles from the first to the sixth.

4. A unicap, industrial fabric, according to claim 2, wherein each of the warps forms two of any of the knuckles from the first to the sixth.

5. A single-layer, industrial fabric, according to claim 2, wherein one of the warps forms only one of the knuckles from the first to the sixth and one of the warps forms two of any of the knuckles from the first to the sixth.

6. A unicap, industrial fabric, according to any of the claims of "? To 5, wherein the frames and auxiliary frames are arranged in a ratio from 2: 1 to 1: 2.

7. A single-layer, industrial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frames and auxiliary frames are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1 to 2: 3.

8. A single-layer, industrial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the auxiliary frames have one or two designs.

9. A single-layer, industrial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein each of the warps and the wefts are monofilaments, bunch monofilaments or twisted yarns, and each of the auxiliary wefts are monofilaments, multifilaments , twisted threads, fantasy threads and hollow threads.

10. A unicap, industrial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein at least a part of the warps and / or the wefts are of flat yarn.

11. A single-layer, industrial fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the warps protrude more "from the surface on the upper side or on the lower side than the wefts.