MXPA05000892A - Improvements in systems of waste water purification that uses hybrid anaerobic reactors of upward flow and winding swamps. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention refers to diverse improvements in design, adaptations and novel elements in a system of waste water purification, which uses anaerobic reactors of upward flow (RAHFA). A higher flow is promoted by using the design improvements of the RAHFA reactor, which causes the purification process to be substantially more efficient upon using injectors, inner and outer decanters followed by the use of a swamp having aquatic lilies with a winding design. The purpose of the invention is to provide an efficient system of waste water purification that avoids the aquifers of the world to be constantly polluted.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS TO RESIDUAL WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS THAT USED HYBRID ANAEROBIC REACTORS OF ASCENDING FLOW AND SERPENTED CIENEGAS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is related to the area of wastewater purification. More specifically, it refers to wastewater purification systems that use reactors and ciénegas. And even more specifically, it is related to improvements to wastewater purification systems that use Hybrid Anaerobic Upflow Reactors (RAHFA) and Serpentine Ciénegas (CS).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Currently, there are various systems for the treatment and purification of contaminated or wastewater that use anaerobic upwelling reactors. These reactors have different designs in their form and operation. Generally its walls, its floor and its roof are straight, that is, its geometric shape is a tetrahedron, therefore it does not adequately promote the flow of the liquids that are contained and intended to be treated. Also, the floor of the existing reactors is flat, so the sedimentation of the bacteria is distributed throughout the reactor floor and is not concentrated in one place. This causes a large amount of bacteria to be lost when extracting liquids. These reactors do not have innovative systems such as decanters that promote the breaking of the 3 states (liquid, solid and gaseous) of the organic broth. The discharge marshes of these reactors are open, which avoids a better treatment of the discharged waters. For these reasons and for many other reasons that will become apparent throughout this description, the creation of a wastewater purification system with anaerobic upwelling reactors and serpentine marshes was planned and it is intended to protect with the application accompany OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION.

The objectives of the present invention are described below: Provide sufficient innovations in efficient wastewater treatment systems, contaminated or sewage from homes, hotels, schools, communities, farms, traces, industries, etc., to avoid the increasing contamination of the planet's water reserves. Provide an improved wastewater treatment system that provides sufficient purification to discharge them to uncontaminated natural aquifer reserves such as rivers, lagoons, seas and aquifers in general.

Provide an improved wastewater treatment system that allows the reuse of treated water in irrigation systems, farms, fish farming, etc., Provide an improved wastewater treatment system that is capable of producing biogas (methane gas) and fertilizers high quality organic Other objects and advantages of the present invention may be apparent from | Study of the following description and the accompanying drawings for illustrative purposes only and not limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In short, the present invention is characterized by using a set of elements and described below: improvements to an anaerobic upflow reactor comprise multiple innovations: a) in the design of an RAHFA reactor, such as conical bottom, cylindrical walls and domed or vaulted roof b) application of a system of injectors that allows a better distribution of organic matter within the RAHFA reactor c) adaptation of a system of internal and external decanters to avoid the loss of necessary anaerobic bacteria for the decomposition of the organic matter and a better functioning of the RAHFA reactor d) use of a meandering swamp with aquatic plants that allow a final splitting of the residual organic matter The organic matter coming from toilets, traces or industries is led to a tank or tank that breaks, reduces and controls the pressure, then the organic matter is directed with a constant and reduced pressure to several injectors that conduct the organic matter homogeneously to the bottom of the internal part of the RAHFA reactor. The upward cyclic flow of the RAHFA reactor of the present invention causes the organic broth to be in continuous movement. In the upper part of the RAHFA reactor there is a grit decanter with stony material that causes the continuous upward collision of the organic broth and, therefore, an acceleration in the separation of the methane gas and a better digestion of the organic particles. . The upper waters of the RAHFA reactor are conducted by spillage through an external decanter and finally to a serpentine marsh with aquatic lilies to complete the water purification process. This already treated water is ready to be reused in agricultural irrigation or to be incorporated into a natural aquifer reserve.

In order to better understand the characteristics of the invention, the present description, as an integral part thereof, is accompanied by the drawings, which are illustrative but not limiting, which are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 is a flow diagram representing the various stages of the purification process of the present invention, wherein the initial organic matter MOi, which comes from toilets Sa is conducted to a pressure regulating tank E, subsequently the initial organic matter MOi is introduced to the anaerobic upflow reactor (RAHFA), thus forming a broth of anaerobic organic matter MOc that remains determined within the RAHFA reactor. The water with a minimum amount of organic matter MOm from the top of the broth, goes through an internal decanter and an external decanter to leave the RAHFA reactor and join a CS serpentine marsh with water lilies floating in its interior to finish its biological process. purification and to be able to be said water already processed Ap, incorporated to aquifer reserves or for reuse.

Figure 2 shows a waste water purification system in which a source of organic matter is seen as a WC, a drain pipe D flows into the WC from the WC, connected to said regulating tank E. drain pipe F pouring untreated water from tank E into a reactor R. Reactor R has a drain pipe Q, said drain pipe Q connects to a serpentine marsh S. At the end of the marsh S there is a spillway level T. On the other hand, the bio gas produced in the system of the present invention leaves the reactor R through the upper part thereof, and is conducted by a pipe Lb containing a safety valve La. Finally the methane gas or biogas enters a deposit Le.

Figure 3 illustrates a cross section of a reactor R of the present invention, where the different sections of the reactor R are observed, such as: a roof or lid in the form of dome A, said roof or lid A is on a portion cylindrical B, said cylindrical portion B rests on a third portion C, portion C is conical, said portion C is the floor of reactor R.

Figure 4 shows the different internal and external parts that make up a reactor of the present invention: a circular channel G where the organic matter that is going to be processed is received. Said organic matter is deposited as mentioned above in said channel G. To this channel G several injectors tubes H are connected. These injectors enter the organic matter inside the reactor of our invention, driving it and distributing it uniformly throughout the floor of the RAHFA reactor of the present invention. A grate J is observed in the upper portion of the cylinder of the reactor R. Above said grate will be placed a stone material as will be explained later. A circular outer channel P is located on the cupular portion of the reactor R. Connected to said channel P are tubes that fulfill the function of an external decanter O. The organic matter already processed, emerges from the reactor R by said tubes or external decanters O. These decanters O drive the content of the reactor into the channel P of the reactor R of the present invention.

Figure 5 illustrates an internal decanter JK, where it is possible to see a grate J. On said grate J a stony material K is placed. Both form the set JK that functions as an internal decanter.

Figure 6 shows the upward flow FA of the organic broth inside the reactor R. Said flow continuously strikes the decanter JK so that the sediment Sd of the organic broth of the reactor R tends to concentrate in its conical floor.

Figure 7 is an overhead view of the cupular portion A of the reactor of the present invention where an external channel G is observed. To said channel G are connected the injectors H that uniformly enter the organic matter inside the reactor R. They are also appreciated the tubes O that carry the organic broth already treated out of the reactor R, in the circular channel P.

For a better understanding of the invention, the following is a detailed description of some of the modalities thereof, shown in the drawings, which are for purposes of illustration but not limitation and which are appended to the present description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To complement the description that is being made and for a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention in question, illustrative but not limitative figures are appended for this purpose. The description is presented below.

The reactor of the present invention consists of multiple elements such as, an upper portion, roof or dome-shaped lid A, said roof or lid A is on a cylindrical portion B, said cylindrical portion B is supported on a third portion C , the C portion is conical A drain pipe D that can come from toilets, traces, etc .. Said drain pipe D carries the organic matter that comes as mentioned above from toilets, traces, farms, etc. This drain pipe D flows into a tank pressure regulator E. The function of said tank E, is to achieve uniformity and reduction of the pressure of the contaminated waters that will enter the reactor R. The tank E pours the unprocessed waters to the reactor R by means of a drain pipe F, Said drain tube F deposits its contents in a circular distribution channel G, along said channel G are connected several Injectors H, the injectors H are portions of tube, preferably of PVC plastic that enter the organic matter into the reactor R. The injectors H distribute the organic matter in a homogeneous way inside the reactor R. These injectors H extend from the circular channel of distribution G that as it was said with previous d is in the upper part of the reactor R up to the conical floor C of said reactor R. The injectors H do not touch the surface of the conical floor C of the reactor R, but are preferably at 15 cm. away from the conical floor C of the reactor R. The H injectors make the organic matter enter the reactor R, and as stated above, distribute evenly the organic matter in the conical floor C of the reactor R. The conical shape of the floor of the reactor causes the solid particles of the organic matter to be directed to the central part of said floor C of the reactor R. At the moments of injection of organic matter a flow of type ascending FA and cyclic is generated. This upward flow FA causes a circulation of organic matter. The decomposition of said organic matter is carried out by multiple anaerobic bacteria. This decomposition causes the production of biogas or methane gas and the transformation of simpler organic solid particles. Therefore within the reactor are three states of matter such as: liquid, solid and gaseous. At the top and inside the reactor R is a grill J that can be metallic or other resistant material, on the grid are placed K materials that can be stones or light materials such as tezontle, tepetzil, etc. This set JK of grid J and K materials work as an internal decanter J. The upward flow FA of the reactor R, causes a constant shock of the three states of matter inside the reactor R, against the internal decanter JK said shock, aids in the decomposition of organic matter, separating on one side the bubbles of methane gas or biogas that due to their low weight emerge from the organic broth to be transported, said methane gas is conducted by means of a pipe Lb, said pipe Lb contains a pressure valve L, said pressure valve L avoids the risks of methane gas pressure, this Lb pipe conducts the methane gas to a container or tank that will allow the methane gas to be stored for later use. The solid particles colliding with the decanter JK and by the effect of the constant flow causes the solids and bacteria to descend or settle to the conical floor C of the reactor R, in said conical floor C of the reactor R, causes the solids to be directed to the central part of this conical floor C of reactor R as mentioned above.

In the upper part A of the reactor R is an external decanter O, said external decanter O functions as a siphon and prevents the bacteria that cause the decomposition of the organic matter to escape. Approximately the decomposition time of the organic solids in reactor R of the present invention is 100 days. When the organic broth exceeds the limit of the external decanter O, a liquid spillage is caused, said spillage of liquid passes through the external decanter O. This external decanter O is located in the upper part of the reactor R of our invention. The external decanter O is formed by an external channel P that surrounds the external part of the cupular lid A of the reactor R When the liquids contained in the reactor R pass through the external decanter O, they are already circulating in the channel P of said external decanter 0, that is to say, at this moment the liquids have left the reactor R. In this way the liquids are driven by means of a Q pipe made into a S marsh. Said S marsh is constructed in the form of a coil so that the organic liquids circulate slowly in the channels of the serpentine marsh S and are treated efficiently in an additional biochemical phase. The S marsh is always full of liquid coming from the reactor R. On the surface of the liquid of the marsh S plants are placed that help the final decomposition of this water. Said plants may preferably be water lilies. The level of the liquid of the marsh S must be constant to keep the ecosystem of the marsh S alive, this is achieved by a spillway of height T located at the end of the serpentine marsh S. When the liquid level of said marsh S exceeds a certain predetermined limit, the liquid is spilled out of the marsh S. The water that is in the final portion of the serpentine marsh S is clean enough to be used in agricultural irrigation or to be entered in aquifer resources such as rivers, lagoons or seas .

Claims (8)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S Once the invention has been sufficiently described, it is considered a novelty and, as a novelty, what is stated in the following claim clauses is claimed:

1. A wastewater purification system comprising hybrid anaerobic upflow reactors, and characterized by having a design as shown in Fig. 3, which is conical in its floor.

2. An upwardly flowing hybrid anaerobic reactor as mentioned in the first clause, characterized in that its middle wall is cylindrical in shape.

3. A hybrid anaerobic upflow reactor as mentioned in the. first clause, which is characterized by its roof or lid is dome-shaped.

4. An up-flow hybrid anaerobic reactor as mentioned in clause one, comprising a system of internal and external decanters as illustrated in FIG. 4.

5. A decantation system as mentioned in the fourth clause that characterizes as internal and use a grill with stony material on top.

6. A settling system as mentioned in clause four which is characterized as being external and using a set of tube portions connected in the upper wall of the reactor of the present invention, which function as siphons.

7. A reactor as mentioned in the first clause, comprising a set of injectors as shown in Fig. 4, which are characterized by being connected from the dome roof to the conical floor of the reactor of the present invention.

8. A wastewater purification system, comprising the use of serpentine shaped marshes as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the present description. SUMMARY The present invention consists of a diversity of design improvements, adaptations and new elements to a wastewater purification system that uses anaerobic RAHFA upflow reactors. By using these design improvements of the RAHFA reactor, a greater flow is promoted, which with the help of injectors, internal and external decanters plus the subsequent use of a marsh with water lilies that has a serpentine design, the purification process becomes considerably more efficient. With this invention, it is intended to provide an efficient system for purification of contaminated or residual water that avoids the constant contamination of the aquifers of the planet.