MXPA04004217A

MXPA04004217A - Adjustable ladder comprising movable steps or bars.

Info

Publication number: MXPA04004217A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Rojas Arriaga Marisela
Original assignee: Rojas Arriaga Marisela
Priority date: 2004-05-03
Filing date: 2004-05-03
Publication date: 2005-11-08
Also published as: WO2005106180A1

Abstract

The invention relates to ladder-type means comprising transverse steps, which are used to raise and/or lower people and/or loads. More specifically, the invention relates to an adjustable ladder which comprises movable steps or bars and which can be fixed and/or assemblable/disassemblable. The inventive ladder is equipped with a means for adjustably fixing same at the corresponding area, consisting of four angle pieces which are connected in pairs, comprising a bearing which is intended to rest against the wall. According to the invention, a series of holes is provided on both arms for the preferably-aligned insertion of a bolt and nut, in order to fit the ladder correctly to the corresponding fixing area. Moreover, two lateral supports project out from the lower face of the above-mentioned bearing-equipped angle pieces. The lateral supports comprise a central groove on the inner face thereof, in which the lateral projections from the movable steps or bars are inserted, a reinforcing element for providing stiffness, and non-slip stop elements which are inserted into the cavities at the ends of said lateral supports.

Description

ADJUSTABLE STAIRWAY WITH MOVABLE BARRELS OR BARS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is related to the means used for ascent and / or descent of people or cargo. The present adjustable ladder is referred to with rungs or movable bars for daily ascent and / or descent and which in turn serves to facilitate the ascent and / or descent of personnel and / or loads by reducing their efforts, expanding the advantages in the use that can provide a fixed ladder, when also serving for loading.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, the stairs with conventional fixed steps, precisely require for their correct operation and their safety be adequately supported against the wall or wall without providing the desired safety to the user. Furthermore, said fixed stairs currently limit their use of as-cense and descent considerably when the user in turn carries loads or only for the transport of ascent and / or descent of loads.

As can be seen, the limitations and disadvantages of conventional fixed stairs are insecurity during their use. Also, the staircase with conventional fixed steps, by remaining limited in its use, limits the field of application that could provide domestic and commercial use, the activity of ascending and / or descending loads requires time and a personal effort of personal activity as in the case of materials or objects and of the user's effort when ascending and / or descending by stairs marked with fixed steps.

The solution consists of using the present ladder and being formed by an adjustable fastening means to the area where said ladder is to be fixed, which is mainly formed by suitable metal angles preferably in the form of "L" engageable in pairs, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other of said angles of each pair comprises more than one perforation for the corresponding adjustment, each pair of said angles cooperating in slidable manner and being fixed by a suitable fastening means when said perforations coincide as required, by means of adjustment which is preferably recommended by a suitable metallic screw and nut. Of each pair of said angles, one of them, comprises a suitable plastic bearing, preferably of rubber material, in the lower part of said angles for rest against the wall or wall.

In said angles comprising said bearing, lateral supports of a lateral support means are fixedly fixed. inferiorly, which is recommended because it is mainly formed by metallic lateral supports, registration in process, preferably formed by two suitable lateral supports, said lateral supports are formed by a groove with a suitable graft on its edge that can be made of plastic material or of rubber and a suitable metallic rail arranged in one of its corresponding faces; said grooves delimited by said graft is where they insert and slide their protruding ends of a half step or bar, registration in process, which is pre-coniza by being formed mainly by a suitable metal step or bar and its ends is fixed a axis and a guide, both suitable and preferably metal; in said steps or bars the user will position his feet or the load will be deposited when making use of the aforementioned ladder and simultaneously the user will take an individual strap of a handle means, registration in process, which is recommended as being mainly made up of suitable individual straps of material preferably of leather or canvas, suitable metal hooks that serve to hold the user, in case of being a person, at the moment of the sliding of ascent or descent of said step or bar. At the lower and upper end of said lateral supports is a suitable metallic bar, registration in process, preferably, said upper transverse bar with a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that allows the movement of release and / or collection to said lateral supports and serve as guide to handles, registration in process, which is recommended because it consists mainly of a suitable metallic preferential lever that determines the deployment of a tape, a suitable metal spool through which slides a suitable tape of canvas or leather and in whose end bears a suitable metal hook which is hooked on a suitable ring preferably metallic, arranged in a suitable bar preferably metallic cross disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports, cooperating in the rise and fall of its sections of said lateral supports and for a handle means that is advocated.

Said lateral supports internally comprise a means of ascending and descending the step and / or bar, registration in process, which functions as a crane-type mechanism for the control of ascent and descent of at least one step or bar, registration in process, consisting of the same rungs or bars referred to with freedom of movement, which have a protruding shaft and a suitable metal guide on their ends inserted into said rails, arranged in the internal part of said slot which has said graft disposed in at least one of its sides of said lateral supports, said rubber graft acts for the sliding control of rise and fall of said rungs or bars, said means of ascending and descending of rung and / or bar that is recommended, registration in procedure, for conforming by a suitable spring preferably metallic, arranged in one of said lateral supports, at the end of which is fixed a suitable semi-spherical stop, preferably metallic, acting on the guides of one of its protruding ends of each rung or barrac; a suitable preferably metallic gear installed in the same lateral support above said spring with hemispherical stop. While in the other of said lateral supports are internally understood suitable gears, preferably metallic, placed at heights equivalent to said spring with hemispherical stop and said engagement of said opposite lateral support, the three of said gears are fixed with the suitable fit and strength, where appropriate, the group of said rungs or bars being supported by said gears disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports through said lateral guides of said corresponding rungs or bars, specifically those of the rung or bar arranged in the lower part of said step group or bar; Preferably suitable articulated metal bars housed in the same lateral support that supports the pair of said aligned gears, which has suitable protruding sections or preferably metallic, preferably two, to be housed in the gaps between their teeth of said gears acting as safe for the ascent and / or controlled descent of said rungs or bars.

To extend said ladder, said tape is rolled up in said reel inserted in said bar disposed in the upper part of said ladder, which keeps fastened to its sections of said lateral supports.

Their sections of said lateral supports comprise a means of assembly, registration in process, formed by suitable rings preferably internal and external metal for coupling and assembly, and suitable means of attachment. They also have some means of reinforcement, registration in process, to keep them rigid and / or rest against the wall or wall that is advocated mainly by having the shape of a bar or several suitable bars preferably metallic to keep them rigid when the said staircase is extended. which may be adjustable to said lateral supports as required. In addition, said means that conform to said ladder can preferably be fixed although they can also be either removable and assembled by an appropriate fastening means, making it assemblable and disassemblable and able to carry or not said adjustable fastening means to the area according to the requirements of ! user.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the present invention is to make available the present adjustable ladder with movable rungs or bars, More specifically, it is to implement an adjustable fastening means to the area where the ladder is to be set, reducing the risks, reducing the time and effort to the user as well as serving as a means for carrying and transporting loads. Said fixing means adjustable to the area is exemplified by a conventional fixed step ladder to which said adjustable clamping means is adapted to provide safety to the user, although said adjustable clamping means can be adapted to other apparatuses, machines, tools, objects or utensils ..

Another objective of the present invention is to provide the present ladder, which also facilitates the activity of ascending and / or descending people in such a case, with greater efficiency and speed, by creating steps or movable bars, and which in turn allows its parts of its structure to present other alternatives of stairs with steps or movable bars that allow to reduce the user's efforts to ascend and / or descend as well as to reduce efforts and work in the haulage and transport of loads implementing in a safe and efficient way the following means that are pre-conized: a lateral support means for the structure · of said stairway, which is mainly formed by suitable metal lateral supports formed by several sections forming telescopic side supports with a grafted groove; two suitable transverse metal bars that cooperate for the movement of said lateral supports and for gripping ras; reinforcement means which is mainly formed by a bar or several suitable metal rods to give rigidity to said lateral supports when said ladder is extended and / or resting against the wall or wall; an adjustable fastening means to the area where said ladder is to be fixed, which is mainly formed by suitable metal angles in a preferably "L" shape that can be coupled in pairs and an adjusting means formed by a suitable metallic screw and nut; a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that allows the movement to lateral supports that is mainly formed by a suitable metallic reel, a resistant tape and a suitable metal ring, inserted in a suitable transverse metallic bar located in the upper part of said staircase; a handle means for fastening the user when making use of said ladder which is mainly formed by appropriate individual straps of leather or canvas material, suitable metal hooks that hold them; a means for ascending and descending rungs and / or rods that is mainly formed by a spring with suitable metal hemispherical stop, suitable metal gears and suitable metal articulated rods having suitable metal protruding sections; and a half step or bar that is mainly formed by a suitable metal step or bar with axes and suitable metal guides, of said ladder that are intended to be protected by means of the present application.

Some means forming the aforementioned ladder are preferably fixed and some other removable and assemblable, by a suitable means of attachment, so that a ladder that can be fixed and carry a removable and assemblable means and fixed said adjustable clamping means to the area the referred ladder that is intended to protect by means of the present application.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention may be apparent from the study of the following description and the accompanying drawings, as an integral part thereof, drawings with illustrative and non-limiting character.

In order to better understand the characteristics of an adjustable ladder with rungs or movable bars, the drawings, which are illustrative but not limitative, are attached to the present description as an integral part thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a lateral support means showing two of its lateral supports, reinforcement means for its rigidity and / or resting against the wall or wall, two transverse bars that cooperate for the movement of words. lateral supports, and an adjustable fastening means to the area where the aforementioned new ladder with releasable steps for evacuating buildings in case of emergency is to be fixed, in addition, a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that allows the movement to some lateral supports, and a means of handgrip for hold the user.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of two sections of said coupled side supports of the same staircase.

Figure 3 shows a front view of a step or bar means of the same staircase.

Figure 4 is a front section of the first pair of sections of said lateral supports showing a means of ascending and descending the rung and / or bar and a half rung or bar of the same ladder.

Figure 5 illustrates a cross section of two sections of said side supports of the same staircase.

Figure 6 illustrates an adjustable ladder with movable rungs or bars, showing by at least one metal lateral support means, at least one metal reinforcement means for resting against the wall or wall, at least one step or metal bar means , and a metal adjustable fastening means to the area where the same staircase is going to be fixed.

Figure 7 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners and control of rungs or bars, showing by at least one metal lateral support means, by at least one metal reinforcing means to rest against the wall or wall, at least one means of rung or metal bar, a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is going to be fixed and a means of ascending and descending rungs or bars.

Figure 8 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners with rung control or bars and handles shown by at least one metal lateral support means, by at least one metal reinforcement means for resting against the wall or wall, at least one means of step or metal bar, a means of step or metal bar, an adjustable metal clamping means to the area where the same ladder is going to be fixed, a means of ascending and descending steps and / or bars and at least one handle means .

Figure 9 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners and handles, showing at least one metal lateral support means, by at least one metal reinforcing means for resting against the wall or wall, at least one half of metal step or bar. , a metal adjustable fastening means to the area where it is going to fix the same staircase, and at least one handle means.

Figure 10 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners and movable supports with handles, showing by at least one metal lateral support means, at least one metal reinforcement means for resting against the wall or wall, at least one step means or metallic bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; at least one handle means; a means of releasing and / or collecting lateral support; and two transversal metal bars.

Figure 11 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners and movable supports with rung control showing at least one metal side support means, at least one metal reinforcement means for resting against the wall or wall, at least one means of rung or metal bar, a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is going to be fixed; and a means of ascending and / or descending rungs and / or bars; a means of releasing and / or collecting lateral support and two transversal metal bars.

Figure 12 illustrates a ladder with adjustable fasteners showing a metal lateral support means with a means of peeling- Fixed metallic crosspiece, at least one metallic reinforcement means for resting against the wall or wall where the aforementioned ladder is to be fixed and a metallic adjustable fastening means to the area where it is to be fixed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The characteristic details that are proposed in this new staircase with sliding steps for evacuation of buildings in case of emergency, are described in the following description and to complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the invention, the present description is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, the drawings in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has also been represented, serving the same reference signs indicated in said drawings to indicate the same parts as referred to in the present description.

With reference to figure 1 which shows a perspective view of a lateral support means showing two of its lateral supports, two transverse bars cooperating for the movement of said lateral supports, some means of reinforcement for its rigidity and / or resting against the wall or wall, and an adjustable fastening means to the area where the aforementioned new ladder is to be fixed with sliding steps for evacuation of buildings in also in case of emergency, a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that allows movement to some lateral supports and a handle means to hold the user. With regard to said figure said ladder is formed by a fastening means adjustable to the width of the surface in which it will be adapted, whether in a wall, window, etc., which is recommended by conforming by suitable angles preferably In the form of "L" (No.2), properly coupled in pairs, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles (No.2) has in one of its arms a perforation (No.14), while the other of. said angles (No.2) in one of its arms has more than one perforation (No, 12), which in the practical embodiment shown in the figures are three perforations (No.12) and one perforation (No.14) in each pair of said angles (No.2), but whose number can also vary, the shape of its arms (No2) can vary by not forming an angle but by curving, or else, said adjustable fastening means can be fixed to another element in case of being used for loading without affecting the essence of the present invention, for the corresponding adjustment, each pair of said angles (No.2) cooperating in de-salable form in their corresponding perforated arms and being fixed by an appropriate fastening means, when said perforations coincide (Nos. 14 and 12), as required. Two of said angles (No.2) are fixed, by any appropriate means of fastening, a bearing (No.13) suitable, which can be of rubber or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, located in the lower part of said angles (No.2) for rest against the wall or wall. These four angles (No.2) can be steel, aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, are formed with a width and thickness, such as to withstand the stress generated during the normal use of said ladder, since in that place Most of the effort is concentrated. The adjustment of said adjustable fastening means that is recommended by being formed by a suitable screw and nut placed in the matching perforations (Nos.12 and 14) of said angles (No.2), not shown in the figures, which may be of metal or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which in the practical example of embodiment is a screw and a nut but can be any other means of fastening such as clamps without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention, when properly inserted in its perforations. Said fixing means adjustable to the area can conform the structure of said staircase in addition, it can be fixed or removable and assembled, or it can be omitted from the structure of the same, so that in the example of practical embodiment represented in the figures, in some it is integrated into the structure, but can be omitted and fixed or removable and assembled without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention. Furthermore, said adjustable fastening means can be properly coupled to other elements when its use is load or other structures that perform that perform different functions.

At said angles (No.2) that have a bearing fixed (No.13), they insert internally and fix, by any means of suitable fastening, a lateral support means that is recommended by being formed by two lateral supports (No .1) telescopically (No.1) which are arranged inferiorly of said fastening means adjustable to the area. Said suitable lateral supports (No.1) are formed by suitable lateral support sections, which in the practical embodiment shown in the figures are eight of their lateral support sections that conform to each of said lateral supports (No.1). ) are eight but whose number can vary without affecting the essence of the present invention, which are suitably coupled together and arranged in parallel to form said two lateral supports (No.1) which have a longitudinal groove corresponding with a graft (No.16) suitable plastic or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, arranged on at least one of their corresponding faces of said lateral supports (No.1), which can be aluminum, steel or any other material with • suitable mechanical properties; in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) a suitable transverse bar (No.7) is disposed and fixed, a suitable transverse bar (No.4) is fixed which is fixed in the lower part of said supports Laterals (No.1), which cooperate for the movement of promotion and census of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), the cooperation being optional for a handle means, and the means of release and / or collection of lateral support that are recommended that in the practical embodiment said bars cooperate for said means but the cooperation of said handle means can provide said reinforcement means that is reinforced that is recommended, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

The aforementioned crossbars (Nos. 7 and 4) can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with adequate mechanical properties and said bars (Nos. 7 and 4) are fixed by any appropriate means of fastening besides being able to go also fixed They can be demountable and assembled properly.

In said bar (No.7) go suitable hooks (No.11) that can be made of steel, aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, and are fixed, by any suitable means of fastening that serve to support individual belts. -duals (No.10), which make up said handle means.

In said transverse bar (No.7), there is a reel control means that is preferably formed by a suitable lever (No.9), which is fixed, by any suitable means of attachment and with freedom of movement in itself, which is used for deployment of a ribbon (No.8), and a suitable metal spool (No. 27) is inserted therein with said suitable tape (No.8) that is fixed, by any appropriate means of fastening, wound on said spool (No. 27), the end of which bears a suitable fastening means in the form preferably of a suitable hook of aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which is fixed by any suitable fastening means, which is hooked in a suitable fastening means preferably formed by a suitable ring (No.6), which can be made of aluminum or any other material with adequate mechanical properties, which is fixed, by any suitable means of attachment, arranged in said transverse bar (No.4), disposed in the bottom part of said lateral supports (No.1), for the release and / or collection of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1). Said suitable tape (No.8) can be made of canvas, leather or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, being controlled from the top of said lateral supports (No. 1) with a means of release and / or collection of support lateral, which is recommended to be formed by a suitable spool (No.27), which can be plastic, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, inserted and arranged in said transverse bar (No.7) which is arranged in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1); a suitable tape (No.8) which may be of canvas or leather or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, and which is fixed to said spool (No. 27) by any suitable means of restraint; a reel control means preferably formed by a suitable lever (No.9), which can be made of steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which is fixed, by any means of appropriate fastening and at the same time allows it to have freedom of movement in itself to act when lifting and locking, said lever (No.9) is disposed on one side of said reel (No. 27), which determines the deployment of said tape (No. 8) upon being unlocked and lifted; a suitable attachment means preferably formed by a suitable ring (No.6) which can be made of aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties and which is fixed by any suitable means of fastening, arranged in said bar (No.4) located in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1), or in its case, in said transversal bar (No.3). Said casing (No. 27) carries in its internal hollow a suitable metallic fixed toothed band, by any appropriate means of fastening, and in said transverse bar (No. 7) disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports (No. 1) in which area of fixing said reel (No.27) is also fixed by any suitable means of fastening, a suitable metal toothed band to be properly coupled to said corresponding toothed band of said reel (No. 27) acting in a geared form to control the untimely sliding of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), not represented in the figures, which can be omitted from its structure in case the supports are linear and rec- because there will be no lateral support sections that are released or picked up, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

When it is required to release its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), said lever (No.9) is actuated and said strap (No.8) is deployed together with said transversal bar (No.4), arranged in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1), with their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) which will slide downwards between them, the lower ends of these will be those that will make contact with a settlement area, the end of said tape (No.8) will be hooked in said ring (No.6), arranged in said transverse bar (No.4), disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1), and when said tape (No.8) will slide along said reel (No. 27) h.acia below and in turn will drag in a sliding manner also downward to its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), and returns act said lever (No .9) when locking on said reel (No. 27) to hold said tape (No. 8).

Once said ladder has been extended, its compaction will be carried out with the operation of said release means and / or lateral support collection, said lever (No.9) will act by rising from said reel (No. 27), will act upon turning and said tape (No. .8) will be rolled by it, simultaneously its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) are sliding upwards and in turn inserting each other properly until occupying their initial position of compaction, said belt (No, 8) to be hooked on said ring (No.6), arranged in said bar (No.4), located in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1), will also pull said bar (No.4), while said strip (No.8) will occupy its initial position of rolling in said reel (No.27), then said lever (No.9) acts locking to maintain its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) subject and said ladder will be compact so that said tape (No.8) works for the collection and / or release of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) by keeping its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) subject when said ladder is compact.

Another function of said belt (No.8) is observed when relating to a handle means which is recommended by being formed by suitable individual belts (No.10), suitable hooks (No. 11) and a suitable belt (No. 8); said individual belts (No.10) can be made of canvas, leather, or any other material with suitable resistant mechanical properties, which serve as handles to the user when he makes use of said ladder, than in the practical embodiment shown in the figures are ten individual belts (No.10), but whose number can vary without affecting the essence of the present invention, are suspended at one end by hooks (No.11) which are preferably proportional to the number of said individual belts (No.10) and rungs (No.17), so in the example of practical diment shown in the figures are ten hooks (No.11) , ten individual belts (No.10) and ten rungs (No. 17), but whose number may vary without affecting the essence of the present invention. Said hooks (No.11) may be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which are fixed, by any suitable means of attachment, arranged separately in said transverse bar (No.7), arranged in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) or in said transversal bar (No.3), disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) since said reels (No.27). lever (No.9). hooks (No.11) and ring (No.6) can be arranged in said transverse bars (Nos.4 and 7) or they can be arranged in said reinforcing means without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention .

The function of said belt (No.8) is to guide said individual belts (No.10) at the moment in which the user slides down said ladder. One of their ends of said individual belts (No.10) have a suitable fastening means formed preferably by a suitable ring that can be aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties that inserts itself and in turn in said tape (No.8) and its other end are suspended in said hooks (No.11), when the user takes one of said individual belts (No.10) the end bearing rim is slid by said belt (No.8) simultaneously with said rung or bar (No.17). The amount of said individual belts (No.10) is preferably the same as the number of said rungs or bars (No.17) since the number of people making use of said ladder is the same as will need to take one of them. said individual belts (No.10) to be fastened at the time of sliding, so that in the example of practical diment shown in the figures are ten of said individual belts (No.10) and the number of said rungs or bars (No. 17) are also ten, but whose number may vary and not be proportional without affecting the essence of the present invention.

Their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) properly coupled together and arranged in parallel can each have at least one means of a transverse reinforcement to keep them rigid when said ladder is extended and / or resting against the wall or wall, which is recommended in the form of one or several suitable folding bars (No.3), which can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which can be fixed or removable and assed, by any suitable means of attachment, with the ends in the form of transversal brackets, in the external part of coupling each other of their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) which can be fixed or removable and assed and its function is to prevent the deformation of each lateral support (No.1) and / or rest against the wall or wall of said staircase when said staircase is extended, which in the example of practical diment represented in the figures are nine crossbars (No.3) only and their number is determined by the number of pairs of their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) that make up said ladder in addition, said bar ( No.3) can be formed by more bars and have a foldable shape, and can be removable and assed, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention. Said transverse suitable bar (No.3) can also be arranged in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports (No.1) for rest against the wall or wall. The quantity of said bars (No.3) will preferably be determined by the number of pairs of their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) and of the total length of said ladder that is required.

With reference to Figure 2 which is a perspective view of sections of said coupled side supports of the same staircase. The dimensions of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) are decreasing in width, according to their position in said staircase, the length of each of said lateral supports (No.1) will be given as compact as one wishes said ladder when it is passive and for the total length that is re- want from said staircase.

Their sections of said lateral supports (No.1) have at least one longitudinal groove disposed on one of their corresponding faces where a suitable graft (No.16) of plastic material or any other suitable mechanical properties is available, and fixed, by any appropriate means of fastening, in said lateral supports (No.1) for the control of ascent or descent of said rungs. or bars (No.17) through a guide that comes from at least one suitable rail (No.15), which can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, which serves as a guide to said protruding ends, called axes (No.18) and guides (No.19), of said rungs or bars (No.17), arranged on at least one of their faces of said lateral support (No.1) that goes fixed by any suitable means of support.

In the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1), said graft (No.16) is thinner than the subtraction, from its upper end to below said spring with semi-spherical stop (No.22), arranged in said support lateral (No.1) and said gear (No.21), arranged at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22), arranged on said lateral support (No.1) on the opposite side, which serves for sliding without friction of the group of said rungs or bars (No.17) when ascending and / or descending to the place that occupies the previous step or bar (No.17), that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) that allows the insertion and proper sliding of said rungs (No.17) for the operation of ascent and descent of said rungs or bars (No.17). Also in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1), in their corresponding face they have a constant lower longitudinal dimension, from their upper part to below the position of said spring with semi-spherical stop (No.22), arranged in one of said lateral supports (No.1) and from the opposite side to below said engagement (No.21) arranged at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22) disposed in said lateral support (No.1) of the opposite side, and recover its constant dimension in its immediate lower part remaining, not shown in the figures, which serves so that said rungs or bars (No.17) are inserted and ascend and / or descend properly by not rubbing in that part.

Said lateral supports (No.1) which is recommended to be formed by several sections but can be linear, straight, telescopic or folding which in the example of practical embodiment is in telescopic form with several sections but its presentation of said lateral supports (No. 1) can be linear, straight, telescopic or foldable without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention. Although for the ladder case for loading, said lateral supports (No.1) can take the form of the structure that is you can take this groove with graft (No.16) on at least one of its faces or properly adapt its guides in the form of said rail (No.15) in the corresponding area of said lateral supports (No.1) and in its edge adequately coping said longitudinal graft (No.16) according to its dimensions of its faces, or, not carrying said groove, graft (No.16)) and / or said rail (No.15) and fitting adequately without this affects the essence of the present invention.

In the holes of its upper and lower ends of said lateral supports (No.1) of said ladder, suitable plugs (No.5) of plastic material or any other with appropriate mechanical properties are inserted., said plugs of insertion and suitable extraction, to be inserted in the hollows of their upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the outside when removing them and sliding towards the interior when inserting them when required. Said plugs (No.5) may not go in the structure when the technical characteristics of their lateral supports (No.1) do not allow their proper coupling to operate, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

The guide element that is presented in the form of said rail (No. 15) can vary in its shape and coupling, as required, either by the form that presents its lateral support (No.1) and meet the same function of guiding without being internally in it and it will not be able to carry groove with graft (No.16) but it will be able to be properly coupled to the edge of said rail (No.15) or guide element externally, the guide element being determined for the technical characteristics presented by said lateral supports (No.1) in question, or else, not to carry it in case its coupling of rungs or bars is adequate to operate without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention With reference to figure 3 showing a front view of a half of a step or bar of the same staircase. Said means of a step or bar that is recommended is made up of at least one suitable rung or bar (No.17) and its ends are fixed with a suitable shaft (No.18) protruding and at the ends of said axes ( No.18) have a suitable guide (No.19) fixed, said three parts, step. or bar (No.17), guides (No.19) and axes (No.18) can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties and fixed by any suitable means of fastening; said axes (No.18) and said guides (No.19) corresponding to said rungs or bars (No.17) are inserted in said groove with said graft (No.16) and said rail (No.15), arranged in said lateral supports (No.1) that serves as a guide for the descent and ascent of said rungs or bars (No.17), said axes (No.18) being in constant contact with said graft (No16), they act for promotion control and. decline of said pei- damage or bars (No.17) when pressing said graft (No.16) to said axes (No.18) and make friction when ascending or descending.

Said axes (No.18) and guides (No.19) of said group of rungs or bars (No.17) are inserted in said slot delimited by their edge with said graft (No.16) and said rail (No.15). ), arranged on their corresponding side of said lateral supports (No.1) to place them in their initial position in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1), only said guides being (No.19). of the last rung or bar (No.17) arranged in the lower part of said group of rungs or bars (No.17), giving the position of second rung or bar for the position in said ladder, those that are housed in the recesses between its teeth of said gear (No.20) and resting on its corresponding tooth, arranged in one of said lateral supports (No.1) and the other is housed in the gap between its teeth of said gear (No.21 ) and rest on its corresponding tooth, arranged at an equivalent height with said gear (No.20), located on said lateral support (No. 1) on the opposite side, to hold and at the same time serve as support for resting on itself. same group of steps or bars (No.17), all staying on the top of said ladder and participating in the movement of ascent and descent of said rungs or bars (No.17).

Said guides (No.19) of said step or bar (No.17) to the wish- one on said hemispherical spring stop. (No.22) arranged in one of said lateral supports (No.1) and lodge the other in the gap between its teeth of said gear (No.21) and rest on its corresponding tooth, arranged at equivalent height with said spring with semi-spherical stop (No.22) in said lateral support (No.1) on the opposite side, conforms the position of the first rung or bar (No.17) which is independent of said group of rungs or bars (No.17) , arranged above said first step or bar (No.17) where the user will position their feet when making use of said ladder, or, where the load is deposited, initiating the sliding operation of said rungs or bars (No. 17), if a user or the load on said first rung or bar (No.17) acts as a weight and the friction is overcome, said guides (No.19) will slide on said semi-spherical stop of said spring (No.22) and also, on its corresponding tooth of said gear (No.21) disposed at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22) arranged in said lateral support (No.1) of opposite side, of said first step or bar '( No.17) which will slide and simultaneously its axes (No.18) will make contact with said graft (No.16) that will press them, making constant contact with said graft (No.16) for the sliding control of said rungs or bars (No.17) when doing friction between both when ascending or descending.

These guides (No. 19) can present a different form for properly peeled to the guide means that in that case is presented in the form of said rail (No. 15) but can also vary its shape, said axes (No.18) and guides (No.19) and axes can be lightly coated of rubber or any other material with adequate mechanical properties that will serve to reduce noise when releasing or compacting said ladder.

Said load support that is presented in the form of said rung or bar (No.17) may or may not carry said guides (No.19) and said axes (No.18) since when the coupling and operating properly, or its form will be determined by any operable, mechanical, hydraulic or electrical associated actuator, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 4 which shows a front cut of the first pair of sections of said side supports showing a means of ascending and descending rung and / or bar of the same ladder. In said figure a means of ascent and descent of rung and / or bar which is recommended by being formed by a spring with suitable hemispherical stop (No.22), suitable gears (Nos.20 and 21), preferably three, and bars articulated (No.24) and some outstanding sections (No.23). Said means of ascent and descent of rung and / or bar comprises internally a crane-type mechanism consisting of said rungs or bars (No.17) with freedom of movement in a single axis with a maximum travel of the size of said lateral supports (No.1), said steps or bars (No.17) when conformed by an outstanding axis (No.18) and some guides (No.19) (see figure 3) to the ends , which are inserted in said rails (No.15) which serve as a guide for the travel on said lateral supports (No.1), said guides (No.19) when inserted in said groove delimited by its edge a graft (No.16) (see figure 2), arranged on its corresponding face of said lateral supports (No.1), for the ascent and descent of said rungs or bars (No.17) when in constant contact and act making friction on said graft (No.16) for the control of ascent and descent of said rungs or bars (No.17); a spring with semi-spherical stop (No.22) that can be made of steel or any other material with adequate mechanical properties, which is fixed, by any appropriate means of fastening, and housed in one of said lateral supports (No.1), in whose semi-spherical stop of said spring (No.22) actuate said guides (No. 9) of one end of said rung or bar (No.17) and its other end is housed in the recesses between its teeth of said meshing (No. .21) and resting on its corresponding tooth, disposed at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22), arranged on said lateral support (No.1) on the opposite side; where the user will position their feet when making use of said ladder or the load itself will be deposited giving said first step or bar (No.17) the service position.

Said guides (No.19) corresponding to said second rung or bar (No.17) are those that are housed in the gaps between their teeth of said gears (Nos.20 and 21) arranged above said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22) arranged in one of said lateral supports (No.1) and said gear arranged at equivalent height arranged in the other lateral support (No.1) of the opposite side and rest on their corresponding teeth, which supports on itself to the rest of said group of steps or bars (No.17) to be located under the group thereof; an in-grane (No.20) arranged in said lateral support (No.1) above said spring with semi-spherical stop (No. 22); while in the other lateral support (No.1), there is internally two meshes (Nos.21) arranged at equivalent heights with said spring with hemispherical stop (No.22) and said engagement (No.20) of said support - lateral (No.1) on the opposite side, preferably two, said three gears (Nos.20 and 21) can be made of metal or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties and fixed with the appropriate corresponding adjustment and adequate strength for support and control of said rungs or bars (No.17); a group of said rungs or bars (No.17) being supported by said second step or bar (No.17) at the top of said ladder, which in the example of practical embodiment represented in the figures are ten rungs or bars (No.17), but at least one step or bar may be (No.17), but whose number may vary without affecting the essence of the present invention; to the descending said second rung or bar (No.17) simultaneously the rest of said group of rungs or bars (No.17) will descend together sliding, the next will take its place and its guides (No.19) will be lodged in the same gaps of between the teeth of said gears (Nos.20 and 21) and rest on their teeth corresponding to said second rung or bar (No.17), and on itself rest the rest of the group of said rungs or bars (No.17) .

When the users have used said rungs or bars (No.17) and only two of them remain at the top of said ladder, said second rung or bar (No.17) will not hold on it any other of said rung or bar (No.17), said means of ascent and descent of rung and / or bar will work the same for its control. When the users have used said rungs or bars (No.17) and only one of them remains in the position of said first rung or bar (No.17), said means of ascent and descent of rung and / or bar will work the same for their control of said rungs or bars (No.17), even if they are not housed in said gears (Nos.20 and 21) corresponding any other of said rung or bar (No.17). When said last step or bar (No.17) descends and is located in the lower part of said staircase, it will no longer be useful momentarily until said steps or bars (No.17) are removed from the lower part of said lateral supports (No.17). .1) of said ladder and placed in its initial position.

Said means of ascending and descending the step or bar may be arranged on the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) and be an attached part of an operably associated mechanical, hydraulic or electric actuator without affecting the essence of the present invention, which would serve to make the function more efficient.

A suitable articulated bars (No.24) are housed in this side support! (No.1) that also supports said pair of gears (No.21) aligned, said articulated bars (No. 24) can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties and are fixed, by any means of ideal support. These articulated bars (No.24) have at least one protruding section (No.23) that can be made of aluminum, steel or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, and that are fixed, by any suitable means of fastening, to equivalent height with said gears (Nos.21), in which example of practical embodiment represented in the figures are two protruding sections (No.23) housed in a single gap between their teeth of said gears (No.21), separated between yes in one of said lateral supports (No.1), but they can be several and be grooved and stay in more than one gap between their teeth of said two gears (Nos.21) without affecting the essence of the present invention, arranged to fit into the gaps between their teeth of said gears (No.21) acting as insurance for the controlled rise and descent of said rungs or bars (No.17). Said articulated bars (No.24) when acting and releasing said gears (Nos.21) when raising said protruding sections (No.23) that subject said pel-damages or bars, said guides (No. 19) corresponding to said first and second rungs or bars (No.17) of said ladder will slide down; but said guides (No.19) corresponding to the first rung or bar (No.17) will slide downwards inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft (No.16) delimiting it by its edge disposed on its corresponding face of said supports lateral (No.1), to the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1) of said staircase; said corresponding guides (No.19) of said second step or bar 'will slide downward, inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft (No.16) which delimits it by its edge, until lodging one in the recesses between its teeth of said gear (No.21) and rest on its corresponding tooth, arranged in said lateral support (No.1) and the other of said guides (No.19) resting on said hemispherical stop of the spring (No.22) disposed in said lateral support (No.1) at equivalent height with said gear (No.21) arranged in said lateral support (No.1) on the opposite side, then said articulated bars (No.24) act so that said protruding sections (No.23) are housed in the recesses between their teeth of said corresponding gears (Nos.21) and said steps or bars (No.17) are subject to its control.

Said articulated bars (No.24) have two operating times, one to raise said protruding sections (No.23), only the necessary to release said rungs or bars (No.17), and the other to raise said protruding sections (No. No.23) above their teeth of said two gears (Nos.21) to free the use of said rungs or bars (No.17) and place them in their initial position.

Said rung and / or bar climbing and descending means may carry at least a pair of said gears (Nos. 20 and 21) at equivalent height to adequately couple said rungs or bars (No.17) in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1) so that said outstanding sections (No.23) can be more than one. To said lateral supports (No.1) it is possible to adapt an up and down actuator, electric or hydraulic mechanic which in the example of practical embodiment represented in the figures are a single pair of said gears (Nos.20 and 21) and carry at least one protruding section (No.23) carrying at least one groove or not being grooved and adapting a means of ascending and descending said rungs or bars (No.17) which is recommended, without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

With reference to figure 5 showing a cross section of two sections of said lateral supports of the same staircase. In said figure, each section of said lateral supports (No.1) which can be made of aluminum or any other material with appropriate mechanical properties, carries a reinforcing means that is recommended per qi3, which is formed by rings that can be made of aluminum. , steel or any other material with suitable mechanical properties, which are fixed, by any means of adequate support, one internal (No.26) in its lower part and another external (No.25) in its upper part, for its assembly, with the exception of the first pair of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), which do not have an external ring (No.25) since said angles are inserted (No.2). The last pair of its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) in its lower part, do not have an inner ring (No.26), since they are not coupled to another lateral support (No.1). These rings (Nos. 25 and 26) can have a light rubber coating to reduce noise when deploying or compacting their sections of said lateral support (No.1).

To understand the operation of the aforementioned new ladder with sliding steps for evacuation of buildings in case of emergency, it is necessary to use mainly figures 1, 3 and 4. The first thing is to take said ladder and fix said angles (No.2) to the wall or window through which it is going to leave, later it must unlock said lever (No.9) that holds the reel (No.27), so that said tape (No.8), which holds its sections of said lateral supports (No.1), unfolds downwards together with said transverse bar (No.4), arranged in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1).

When the user places himself on said first step or bar (No.17) or a load is deposited, said means of ascending and descending the step and / or bar comes into operation at the moment in which said first step or bar (No. 17) is released when handling said articulated bars (No.24) that are holding them with said protruding sections (No.23) when being raised, said guides (No.19) that are housed in the gap between their teeth of said gears (Nos. 20 and 21) and rest on their corresponding teeth, and said guide (No. 9) that rests on said semispherical stop of said spring (No. 22) will slide with its corresponding rung or bar (No.17). ), previously the person who will use said ladder takes one of said individual belts (No.10) that will slide by said belt (No.8) simultaneously with said first step or bar (No.17) in ascent slip or decline. When carrying out this movement, the next step or bar (No.17) placed in the lower part of said group of steps or bars (No.17) will slide and descend to the place occupied by said first step or bar (No. 17) above and these rungs or bars are fixed again (No.17) when said articulated bars (No.24) act with said protruding sections (No.23) until another user occupies another one of said steps or bars (No.17).

Said ladder has two operations or uses, and the difference of use for a user or for a load only lies in the second case, that said handle means is not used, but the operation is the same and its release or Pactation of said ladder are also the same, except that of said handle means that is not carried out when said ladder is used for loading.

The means that make up the new ladder with sliding steps for evacuation of buildings in case of emergency can be removable and assemblable, that is they can be fixed or adjustable by a suitable means of support, making it usable and disarmable for the user, in which example of practical embodiment in the figures the easy assembly of the parts or the fixed being is not perceptible without thereby affecting the essence of the present invention.

The compaction of said ladder will be performed with the operation of said release means and / or lateral support collection that allows the movement to lateral supports, once extended or used properly said ladder, its lateral support sections (No.1) will be extended said rungs or bars (No.17) will be arranged in the lower part of said lateral supports (No.1) and said individual belts (No.10) will be found j? nias located in the lower end of said belt (No. No.8) corresponding to said car (No. 27).

Firstly, said lever (No.9) will act to hold and at the same time support its sections of said lateral supports (No.1) together so that said ladder becomes compact. Said individual belts (No.10) will be found together and inserted at the end of said belt (No.8), picked up at one of its ends and raised by sliding them upwards by its corresponding ring inserted in said belt (No.8). ) that serves as a guide, up to its initial position and be hooked one by one in said corresponding hooks (No.11) arranged in the transverse bar (No.7), disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports (No.1). ).

The invention has been sufficiently described so that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results that we mentioned in the present invention due to its simplicity but it has the inventive activity because it is out of the state of the art and it is of application industrial. However, any person skilled in the art field of the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if the application of these modifications in a determined structure or in the manufacturing process thereof, is required of the matter claimed in the following claims, said structures should be included within the scope of the present invention

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S Having sufficiently described my invention, the contents of the following clauses are claimed as my property:

1. - Adjustable ladder and steps or movable rods referred to in figure six, which is recommended to be formed by at least one metal lateral support means, at least one metal reinforcement means to rest against the wall or wall, at least one half of rung or metal bar; and a metallic adjusting fastening means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed, which is characterized because, as shown in figure seven, it is recommended and claimed, it is formed by a fastening means adapted to the area where it is placed. will fix said ladder which is recommended by conforming by at least one suitable metallic angle in the form of "L", coupleable in pairs, its arms may have a curve shape or different, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles preferably comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm a perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, but the number of perforations is variable, for its corresponding adjustment; each pair of said angles cooperating in sliding form and being fixed by a suitable fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut since the adjustment can be made with a clamp when inserted properly in its perforations or carry another type of fastening different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable plastic bearing, located in the lower part of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which is suitably inserted internally to a lateral support means which is formed by the less a suitable metallic lateral support, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove on its corresponding face with a suitable longitudinal graft at the edge thereof, which is properly coupled, and a suitable longitudinal metal rail that engages suitably on at least one side of each of said lateral supports which serves as a guide to said rungs or bars. The dimension of said suitable ladder will be determined by the total length of said lateral supports as required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports of said ladder have suitable plugs of plastic material, said plugs, of insertion and extraction suitable to be inserted in their recesses of their upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the outside Remove them and inwards when inserting them when required. In the upper part of the pair of said lateral supports it has a smaller dimension in terms of its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end and recover its dimension in its remaining immediate lower part, which serves so that said rungs or bars are inserted properly in said lateral supports, that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold themselves in the upper part and act for their proper functioning; similarly said graft said groove disposed on its corresponding side of said lateral supports is much thinner in said part that serves to prevent friction of said axes with said graft when ascending and / or descending said rungs or bars when placing them in their initial position; a reinforcing means that is formed by at least one bar or a plurality of suitable metal folding bars, preferably two, with their ends in the form of a square that can be fixed or removable and can be assembled appropriately, preferably in the upper and lower part of said joints. lateral supports, serve for rest against the. wall or wall of said staircase, then the number of said crossbars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the length of said staircase and the required support points; a half-step or bar that is formed by at least one suitable metal step or bar, and at its ends In this case, a suitable metallic shaft protruding at the end of which is suitably coupled is fitted with a suitable metallic guide, said guides and shafts are inserted in said groove with said graft and in said rail, arranged on said lateral supports which serves as a guide. for e! travel on said lateral supports of said rungs or bars, said axes being in constant contact with said graft, act to control the rise and / or descent of said rungs or bars when said graft is pressed to said axes and friction to the sliding of said rungs. said rungs or bars; To understand the operation of said ladder with adjustable fasteners and movable rungs or bars it is first necessary to fix said adjustable fasteners to the area, be it a wall or window, etc., a user will position his feet on one of said rungs or bars, or well a deposit will be deposited and it will descend; when said rungs or bars forming said stairway will be found in the lower part of said lateral supports, said upper and lower plugs disposed in the hollows of their ends of said lateral supports are removed by sliding them outwards and said peida-ions are removed or bars and are placed in their initial position and they are reinserted by sliding said lower and upper plugs in their corresponding holes of the ends of said lateral supports.

2. - Adjustable ladder and steps or movable bars to which it is reference is made in figure six which is characterized in that as claimed in the first clause an adjustable clamping means to the area where said ladder is to be fixed, which is recommended by conforming by at least one suitable metal angle i-eos, preferably four, in the form of "L" engageable in pairs preferably although their arms may have a curved or different shape, an angle of each pair comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm a perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, for its corresponding adjustment but the number of perforations is variable; each pair of said angles cooperating in slidable manner and being fixed by a suitable fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said screed is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut since it can be made with a clamp when properly inserted in its perforations, or else carry another type of fastening means different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable plastic bearing, located in the lower part of its angles, for rest against the wall or wall. Said adjustable clamping means is fixed by any suitable means of attachment to the structure, it can be properly coupled and be removable and assembled, it can be properly coupled to pieces of other types of structure for its usefulness as objects, utensils, appliances, etc. - Machines or associated tools operably.

3. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners and control of steps or bars referred to in figure seven, which is conformed by a! minus a metal lateral support means, by a! less a metal reinforcing means for resting against the wall or wall, by at least a half step or metal bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; and a means of ascending and descending rungs and / or bars characterized in that as shown in figure eight and advocated and claimed, is formed by an adjustable fastening means to the area where said ladder is to be fixed. by being shaped by at least one suitable metallic angle in the form of "L" coupleable in pairs their arms can have a curved or different shape, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while that the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm one perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations but the number of perforations is variable, for its corresponding adjustment; each pair of said angles cooperating in a sliding manner and being fixed by an appropriate fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut since the adjustment can make a clamp when inserted only in its perforations, or, to carry another type of fastening means different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable bearing of plastic material or, located in the lower part of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted inferiorly to a lateral support means which is formed by at least one suitable metallic lateral support, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove on its corresponding face with a suitable graft also longitudinally on the edge thereof is suitably coupled, and a suitable longitudinal metal rail internally on each of said supports laterals that fits properly on at least one of their faces of said lateral supports which serves as a guide to said rung or bar. The dimension of said suitable ladder will be determined by the total length of said lateral supports as required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports of said ladder have suitable plugs of plastic material, said plugs, of insertion and extraction suitable to be inserted in the recesses of their upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the outside when removing them and inwards when inserting them when required. In the upper part of the pair of said lateral supports presents a smaller dimension in terms of its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end and recover its dimension in its immediate lower part remaining, which serves so that said rungs or bars are inserted properly in said lateral supports, that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold themselves in the upper part and act for their proper functioning; likewise said graft of said groove disposed in its corresponding face of said lateral supports is much thinner in said part, serves to prevent friction of said axes with said graft when ascending and / or descending said rungs or bars when placing them err. your initial position; a reinforcing means that is formed by at least one bar or several suitable transverse metal folding bars, preferably two, with their square-shaped ends which can be fixed or removable and suitably assembled, preferably in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports, serve for rest against the wall or wall of said staircase, then the number of said transverse bars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the length of said staircase and the required support points; a means of step or bar which is formed by at least one suitable metal step or bar and at its ends is properly coupled, a suitable metal shaft protruding at the end of which is properly coupled, a suitable metal guide i-ca, said guides and axes are insert into said slot with said and in said rail, arranged in said lateral supports that serves as a guide for the travel on said lateral supports of said rungs or bars, said axes being in constant contact with said graft, they act for control of ascent and / or said rungs or bars when pressing said graft a. said axes and friction the sliding of said rungs or bars; It comprises a means of ascending and descending rungs and / or bars that is formed by a spring with metal hemispherical stop, which is properly housed and coupled in one of said lateral supports, in which hemispherical stop of said spring act said guides of its end of said rung or bar and its other end is housed in the gaps between its teeth of said gear and rest on its corresponding tooth, disposed at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support of the opposite side; to give the independent position to the first rung or bar of the rest of the group of said rungs or bars, where a user will position their feet or a proper load will be deposited, and act when the load overcomes the friction of their guides on said semi-spherical stop of said spring, disposed in said lateral support and of its corresponding tooth of said engagement, arranged at equivalent amage with said spring with hemispherical stop located in said lateral support of the opposite side, said first step or bar will slide downwards, simultaneously they will also slide these guides its corresponding teeth of said gears, arranged above said spring with hemispherical stop, arranged in one of said lateral supports and said gear located at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support of the opposite side, said guides corresponding to said second rung or bar are those which are housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears and rest on their corresponding teeth, arranged in the lower part of said group of rungs, which give the position of second rung or bar, which bears on itself the rest of said group of rungs or bars, said three gears are fixed properly, with the appropriate corresponding adjustment and adequate resistance so that they act appropriately for sustaining and controlling said rungs or bars; said group of rungs or bars being held by said gears disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports through only said guides of said second rung or bar, housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears and resting in their seats. corresponding teeth of said gears, arranged in the lower part of said group of rungs or bars, which serves as support for resting on the rest of said group of rungs or bars, but at least one rung or bar may go; on descending said second step or bar simultaneously the rest of said group of steps or bars will descend together sliding, the next will take its place and its guides will be housed in the same gaps of between its teeth of said gears and will rest on its teeth corresponding to said second step or bar, and on itself the rest of the group of said steps or bars will rest, and so on said step or bar control will act. Suitable metal articulated bars are housed in said lateral support that also supports said pair of aligned gears and are properly fixed with an appropriate fastening means, on one of its faces of said lateral support in its upper part are properly coupled suitable metal protruding sections at equivalent height with said gears, preferably are two protruding sections housed in a single gap between their teeth of said gears, arranged and separated from each other in one of said lateral supports, but said protruding sections may be grooved and lodged in more than one gap between their teeth of said two corresponding gears, suitably arranged to lodge in the recesses between their teeth of said gears acting as safe for the ascending and / or controlled descent of said rungs or bars. Said articulated bars acting and releasing said gears when climbing said protruding sections or fastening to said rungs or bars, said guides corresponding to said first and second rung or bar of said ladder will slide downwards, but said guides corresponding to the first rung or bar will descend, inserted in said longitudinal groove with graft with its edge that delimits properly coupling on its corresponding side of said lateral supports, to the bottom of said lateral supports of said staircase; said corresponding guides of said second step or bar will slide downwards, inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft on its edge, until it lodges one in the recesses between its teeth of said engagement and resting on its corresponding tooth, arranged on said support lateral and the other of said guides rest on a semi-spherical stop with spring, arranged in said lateral support at equivalent height with said gear located in said lateral support on the opposite side, then said articulated bars act upon re-actuation so that said protruding sections they lodge in the holes between their teeth of said corresponding gears and said rungs or bars are subject Said articulated bars have two operating times, one to raise said lugs or protruding sections, only what is necessary to free said rungs or bars, and the other to raise said protruding sections or higher of their teeth of said two gears to free the use of said rungs or bars and place them in their initial position. To understand the operation of said ladder with adjustable fasteners and control of rungs or bars is first required fixing said adjustable fasteners to the area, be it a wall or window, etc., a user will position his feet on one of said rungs or bars or a load will be deposited and descended, simultaneously taking his end of said articulated bars which act when it rises, it is necessary to release said gears that support said rung or bar and will immediately return them to their initial position; when said rungs or bars forming said ladder will be found in the lower part of said lateral supports said lower and upper plugs, arranged in the hollows of their ends of said lateral supports, are slid outwardly and said rungs are removed or bars and are placed in their initial position when inserting their guides in said groove with insert in its edge that delimits it located in its corresponding side of said lateral supports, said plugs will be placed in their initial position when inserting them and sliding them towards the interior of the hollows of their ends of said supports ..

4. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners with control of steps or bars and handles referred to in figure eight, which is formed by at least one metal lateral support means, by at least one metal reinforcement means to rest against the wall or wall, at least a half step or metal bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; a means of ascending and descending rungs and / or bars; and at least one handle means which is characterized in that as represented in figure nine and is advocated and claimed, it is formed by an adjustable fastening means to the area where said ladder is going to be fixed, which by being formed by the less a suitable metallic angle in the form of "L" coupled in pairs its arms can be presented in curved or different form, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles preferably comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm one perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, for its corresponding adjustment but the number of its perforations is variable; each pair of said angles cooperating in slidable manner and being fixed by an appropriate fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut since the adjustment it can be carried out with a clamp when properly inserted in its perforations, or else, carry another type of fastening means different to that which is advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable plastic bearing, located at the bottom of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted inferiorly to a means of. lateral support that is formed by at least one suitable metal lateral support, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove in its face corresponding with a suitable graft also longitudinally on the edge thereof, which is properly coupled, and a suitable longitudinal metal rail which is suitably coupled on at least one of its faces in each of said lateral supports which serves as a guide to said step c bar. The dimension of said suitable ladder will be determined by the total length of said lateral supports as required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports of said ladder have suitable plugs of plastic material, said plugs, of insertion and extraction suitable for inserting in their recesses of their upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the exterior to the outside. Remove them and inwards when inserting them when required. In the upper part of the pair of said lateral supports it has a smaller dimension in terms of its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end and recover its initial dimension in its remaining immediate lower part, which serves for said treads or bars to be inserted suitably in said lateral supports, that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold themselves in the upper part and act for their proper functioning; likewise said graft of said groove disposed in its corresponding face of said lateral supports is much thinner in said part, it serves to prevent the friction of said axes with said graft when ascending and / or descending said rungs or bars when placing them in their initial position; a reinforcing means that is formed by at least one bar or several suitable transverse metal folding bars, preferably two, with their ends in the form of a square which can be fixed or removable and can be joined together appropriately, preferably in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports serve for rest against the wall or wall of said staircase, then the number of said transverse bars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the length of said staircase and the required support points; a rung or bar means forming at least one suitable metal rung or rod and at its ends is suitably coupled, a suitable metal shaft sloping at the end of which is suitably coupled, a suitable metal guide, said guides and shafts are inserted in said slot delimited its edge with said graft and in said rail, arranged in said lateral supports that serves as a guide for the travel on said lateral supports of said rungs or bars, said axes being in constant contact with said graft, act to control the rise and / or descent of said rungs or bars by pressing said graft to said axes and friction the sliding of said rungs or bars; It comprises a means of ascending and descending rungs and / or The present invention is constituted by a spring with a suitable metal semi-spherical stop which is properly housed and fitted in one of said lateral supports, in the hemispherical stop of said spring said guides act at its end of said rung or bar and its other end. end is housed in the recesses between its teeth of said gear and rest on its corresponding tooth, arranged at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support on the opposite side; to give the independent position to the first rung or bar of the rest of the group of said rungs or bars, where the user will position his feet or a proper load will be deposited, and act when the load overcomes the friction of his guides on said Semi-spherical stop of said spring, arranged on said lateral support and of its corresponding tooth of said engagement, arranged at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop located on said lateral support on the opposite side, said first step or bar will slide downward, simultaneously also slide said guides on their corresponding teeth of said gears, arranged above said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in one of said lateral supports and said gear located at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support of the side opposite, said guides corresponding to said second step or bar are the that lodge in the gaps between their teeth of said gears and rest on their corresponding teeth, arranged in the lower of said group of rungs, which give the position of second rung or bar, which bears on itself the rest of said group of rungs or bars, said three gears are fixed properly, with the appropriate corresponding adjustment and adequate resistance for that act appropriately for support and control of said rungs or bars; said group of rungs or bars being held by said gears disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports only through said guides of said second rung or bar, housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears and rest in their corresponding teeth of said gears, arranged in the lower part of said group of rungs or bars, which serves as support so that the rest of said group of rungs or bars rest on itself, but at least one step or bar may go; on descending said second rung or bar simultaneously the rest of said group of rungs or bars will descend together sliding, the next will take its place and its guides will lodge in the same recesses between its teeth of said gears and rest on their corresponding teeth to said second rung or rail, and the rest of the group of said rungs or bars will rest on itself so that said control of rungs and / or bars will act. Suitable metal articulated bars are housed in said lateral support that also supports said pair of gears, aligned and properly coupled on one of their faces of said lateral support, on their upper part, they have suitable suitable metal protruding sections, coupled to said bars articulated at equivalent height with said enclosures 3-nes, preferably they are two projecting sections stuck in at least a single gap between its teeth of said gears, arranged and separated from each other in one of said lateral supports, but said protruding sections may be ranu-radas and be housed in more than one hole of between their teeth of diamonds. two corresponding gears, suitably arranged to be housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears acting as safe for the rise and / or descent side-of said rungs or bars. Said bars articulated by acting and releasing said gears when climbing said protruding sections that fasten said rungs or bars, said guides corresponding to said first and second steps or said tic bar will slide downwards, but said corresoo-tooth augers. the first step or bar will descend, inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft on its edge fitted on its corresponding side of said lateral supports, to the lower part of said lateral supports or staircase; said corresponding guides of said second DC or rod will slide downward, inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft on its edge delimiting it, until alosating one in the recesses between its teeth of said engagement and Said on its corresponding tooth, disposed on said lateral support and the other of said guides resting on said semi-solid spring stop, arranged on said lateral support at equivalent height with said gear located on said lateral support of the opposite side, then said b3rra? articulated act upon returning to act so that said protruding sections are aiojen in the gaps between their teeth of said corresponding gears and said rungs or bars are subject Said articulated bars have two operating times, one to raise said protruding sections, only what is necessary to release said rungs or bars, and the other to raise said protruding sections above their teeth of said two gears to free the use of said rungs or bars and place them in their starting position !. It also comprises a handle means that conforms to! less a suitable individual strap of resistant material, preferably ten, suitable metal hooks and a suitable tape of resistant material; said individual belts serve as handholds for the user, preferably ten, which are suspended at one of their ends by said glands Which are preferably proportional to the number of said individual belts and said rungs or bars. Said hooks drier to each other and aligned properly fitting in dicna sarrs cross-section with its ends in the form of a square, arranged in the upper part of said lateral supports; said tape fitting suitably to said transverse bar with its square-shaped ends, located in the upper part of said lateral supports, carries at its end a fastening means that is presented in the form of a suitable metallic hook adequately stocked for engaging said transverse bar with its ends in the form of a square disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports. The function of said belt is to guide said individual belts when a user uses said ladder. At one end of said individual straps they carry a fastening means which is presented in the form of a suitable metallic ring which is inserted in said strap and its other end is suspended in said hooks, when a user takes one of said individual straps and! The rim bearing end slides along said belt simultaneously with said rung or bar in ascent and / or descent.

5. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners and handles referred to in figure nine, which is formed at least one metal lateral support means, by at least one metal reinforcement means to rest against the wall or wall, at least one half step or metal bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; and by at least one handle means that are characteristic porcuc as shown and advocated in figure ten and claimed, an adjustable fastening means is formed to the area where said ladder is to be fixed, which is recommended by being shaped by at least one suitable metal angle in the form of "L" attachable in pairs, its arms may have a curved or different shape, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles preferably in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm a perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, for its corresponding adjustment, but the number of its perforations is variable; each pair of said angles cooperating in a sliding manner and being fixed by an appropriate fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut, since the Adjustment can be done with a clamp to! insert properly in their perforations or, carry another type of fastening means different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable bearing of plastic material, located at the bottom of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted inferiorly a lateral support means which is shaped at least a suitable metallic lateral support, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove on its corresponding face with a suitable insert also longitudinally at the edge of ia coupling itself appropriately, and a suitable longitudinal metal rail that fits properly on at least one of its faces in each of said lateral supports which serves as a guide to said rungs or bars. The dimension of said suitable ladder will be determined by the total length of said lateral supports as required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports of said ladder have suitable plugs of plastic material, said plugs, of insertion and extraction suitable for inserting in their recesses of their upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the outside when removing them and sliding inwards when inserted when required. In the upper part of the pair of said lateral supports it has a smaller dimension as to its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end and recover its initial dimension in its remaining immediate lower part, which serves so that said steps or bars are inserted properly in said lateral supports, that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold on the upper part and act for its proper functioning; likewise said graft of said groove disposed in its corresponding face of said lateral supports is much thinner in said part, it serves to avoid the friction of said axes with said graft to the ascent and / or descent of said rungs or bars when placing them in their initial position; a reinforcing means that is formed by at least one bar or several suitable transverse metal folding bars, preferably two, with their square-shaped ends that can be fixed or removable and assembled suitably, preferably in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports, serve for rest against the wall or wall of said staircase, then the number of said crossbars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the length of said staircase and the required support points; a rung or rod means that is formed by at least one suitable metal rung or bar and at its ends is properly coupled, a suitable metal axle is protruding at the end of which is properly coupled, a suitable metal guide, said guides and axes are inserted in said delimited slot its edge with said graft and in said rail, arranged in said lateral supports that serves as a guide for the travel on said lateral supports of said rungs or bars, said axes being in constant contact with said graft , act to control the rise and / or descent of said rungs or bars by pressing said graft to said axes and friction the sliding of said rungs or bars; It comprises a handle means that is shaped by the We have a suitable individual strap made of resistant material, preferably ten, suitable metal hooks and a suitable tape of resistant material; said individual belts serve as handholds when the user makes use of said ladder, preferably ten, which are suspended at one of their ends by said hooks that are preferably proportional to the number of said individual belts and said rungs or bars. Said hooks that are separated from each other and aligned appropriately fitting on said crossbar with their ends in the form of a square, disposed on the upper part of said lateral supports; said appropriately fitting tape may be related to the same forming tape with said lateral support release and / or collection means by the function of serving as a guide to said individual belts in both of said means that are advocated; Said tape is suitably coupled to said transverse bar with its ends in the form of a square, it carries at its end a fastening means that is presented in the form of a suitable metal hook properly coupled, which is hooked to said transverse bar with. its ends in the form of a square, arranged in the lower part of said lateral supports. The function of said belt is to guide said individual belts when a user uses said ladder. At one of their ends of said individual belts they carry a fastening means which is presented in the form of a suitable metallic ring which is inserted in said belt and its other end is in the form of a ring. They are suspended on said hooks.

6. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners and movable supports with handles which is referred to in figure ten, which is formed by at least one metal lateral support means, at least one metal reinforcement means to rest against the wall or wall, at least one half of rung or metal bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; at least one handle means; a means of releasing and / or collecting lateral support; and two transverse metallic bars characterized in that as represented and is advocated in figure eleven and claimed, it is formed by an adjustable fastening means to the area where said staircase is to be fixed, which is recommended to be formed by at least a suitable metallic angle in the form of "L" coupleable in pairs, its arms can have a curved or different shape, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles preferably comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm a perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, for its corresponding adjustment but the number of perforations is variable; each pair of said angles cooperating in slidable manner and being fixed by an appropriate fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a screw and a suitable metallic nut since the adjustment can be done with a clamp when properly inserted in its perforations, or else carry another type of fastening means different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable plastic bearing, located in the lower part of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted a lateral support means that is formed by a structure of less a telescopic lateral support formed by sections which form suitable metal side supports, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove on its corresponding face with a suitable longitudinal graft also fitting properly, on its edge, and a suitable metal rail longitudinally fitting in at least one of its faces in each one of said lateral supports in the internal part of its sections of said lateral supports are arranged in pairs and in parallel in addition, are coupled to each other suitably in the form , for their assembly, they have suitable metal rings that fit properly, one of said inner rings in its lower part and another one of said external rings in its upper part and a suitable fastening means; a suitable transverse metal bar with a suitable metal ring properly coupled, which is disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports; a suitable metallic crossbar that is fixed, by any suitable means of support, located at the top of said lateral supports that cooperate both crossbars for release and / or collection of their sections of said lateral supports, which can cooperate for the provision of said handle means which is recommended by forming at least one suitable individual strap of resistant material, preferably ten; suitable metal hooks and a suitable tape of resistant material, said individual belts serve as handles to the user when making use of said ladder, preferably ten, that go. suspended by one of its ends in said hooks, preferably ten whose number of said hooks will be proportional to that of said individual belts and to the number of said rungs or bars, in another of their ends of said individual belt is properly coupled a fastening means in the form of a suitable metallic ring which is inserted in said individual belt and it is inserted into a belt that will serve as a guide for its sliding, preferably said belt cooperates for said release means and / or collection of lateral support, the other of its ends of said belt carries a fastening means that presents itself in a form of a suitable metallic hook that is properly coupled and is hooked to said transversal bar with its ends in the form of a square, located in the lower part of said lateral supports to remain taut; said hooks are fixed, by any appropriate means of fastening, in said transverse bar, disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports, arranged horizontally and separated from each other, said transverse bar, disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports cooperate for said lateral support release and / or collection means that allows movement to said lateral supports. The function of said belt is to guide said individual belts when the user ascends and / or descends said ladder. At one end of said individual straps they carry a fastening means which is presented in the form of a suitable metallic ring that is inserted in said strap and its other end are suspended in said hooks, when a user takes one of said individual straps its rim bearing end slides along said belt simultaneously with said rung or bar in ascent and / or descent; A means of steps or bars that is recommended is formed by a suitable metal rod or step which is properly coupled to its ends is properly coupled a suitable shaft metal protruding at whose ends is properly coupled, a suitable metallic guide, in said step or bar where a user will position his feet or the load will be deposited, and said axes and said guides are inserted in said slot by said graft, located in at least one of their faces of said supports laterals, and said guides and axes arranged in said groove located in said lateral supports for the ascent and / or descent of said rungs or bars, said axes in constant contact with said graft for ascending control and / or are inserted into said rail. descent of said rungs or bars, wherein said graft will press said axes when sliding and they will be rubbed to control the untimely descent of said rungs or bars. Said lateral support sections of said side supports coupled to each other suitably in shape, and arranged in parallel, each pair has a transverse reinforcement means to keep them rigid when said staircase is extended and / or resting against the wall or wall, which It is formed by at least one bar or several suitable transverse metal folding bars, with their ends in the form of a square which can be fixed or removable and assembled, by any suitable means of fastening, in the outer part of coupling with each other. its sections of said lateral supports and its function is to prevent the deformation of each lateral support and / or rest against the wall or wall of said ladder when extended. Said crossbar with its ends in the form of a square is also disposed in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports for rest against the wall or wall, The number of said transverse bars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the number of pairs of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports and of the total length of said ladder that is required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports they have suitable stoppers of plastic material and anti-skid said plugs, suitable insertion and extraction, to be inserted in the holes of their corresponding upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding outwards when removing them and sliding inwards when inserting them. In the upper part of the pair of said lateral supports it has a smaller dimension in terms of its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end and recover its initial dimension in its remaining immediate lower part, which serves so that said rungs or bars are inserted properly in said lateral supports, that is, on the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold themselves in the upper part and act for their proper functioning; likewise said graft of said groove disposed in its corresponding face of said lateral supports is much thinner in said part, it serves to avoid the friction of said axes with said graft when ascending and / or descending said rungs or bars when placing them in your initial position Also comprising, in said transverse bar, disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports, a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that is recommended by conforming by a suitable metallic reel disposed in the part inserted in said transverse bar, disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports, in the central part of which the said reel is fixed, it bears a suitable metallic toothed belt fitting properly, and also in its internal recess of said ridge it bears a toothed band. suitable metal to properly engage and engage both to control the untimely sliding of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports; said reel is suitably coupled with a suitable tape of resistant material wound on said reel and through which said tape will slide at the end of which it bears a means of restraint in the form of a suitable metal hook, which is properly coupled so that it engages said rim located in said transverse bar, located in the lower part of said lateral supports, to act for the release and / or collection of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports; a suitable metallic ring properly coupled in said transverse bar located in the lower part of said lateral supports; a control means that is presented in the form of a suitable metal lever that is appropriately coupled with freedom of movement in itself to act upon being lifted from its accommodation position between both angles forming said lateral conformation segments of said reel, located on said transverse bar, arranged on the upper part of said lateral supports and on one side of said reel, which determines the deployment of said belt. The release of The lateral support sections of said lateral supports are made by said lateral support release and / or collection means, first said lever acts rising from its accommodation position between both angles of its lateral segments of said reel and said corresponding tape. it is deployed sliding on said reel downwardly and simultaneously said lateral support sections of said lateral supports and said transverse bar, disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports, slid down together with said tape until reaching a settling area its ends lower of said lateral supports. In addition said belt serves for the dragging of said rungs or bars, together with said lateral support sections of said lateral supports and said transverse bar, disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports, as it slides and inserts adequately upwards said lateral support sections of said lateral supports to reach their initial position, said belt also offers the function of keeping subject to said lateral support sections of said lateral supports when said ladder is compact, said lever is housed between their angles of said segments of said reel and will keep said tape wound; in addition said belt cooperates in serving as a guide to said individual belts. The dimensions of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports are decreasing in width, according to their position in said staircase, the length of each of said telescopic side supports of said two lateral supports will be given by how compact that ladder is desired when it is passive and by the total length that is required of said staircase. To understand the operation of said ladder firstly it is required to fix said adjustable fasteners to the area, be it a wall or window, etc., a user will be positioned on one of said rungs or bars or a load will be deposited and descended, simultaneously a user will take one of said handles for holding which will slide along said tape together with said step or bar in ascent and / or descent.

7. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners and movable supports with step control referred to in figure eleven, which is formed by a metallic lateral support means, at least a metal reinforcement means to rest against the wall or wall, at least a half step or metal bar; a metal adjustable clamping means to the area where the same ladder is to be fixed; and a means of ascending and descending rungs and / or bars; a means of releasing and / or collecting lateral support; and two transverse metal bars characterized in that as represented in figure eleven and claimed, It consists of a fastening means adjusted to the area where said ladder is to be fixed, which is recommended by being formed by at least one suitable metallic angle in the form of "L" coupleable, its arms may have a curve shape or different, preferably- four, an angle of each pair of said angles preferably comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other angle has more than one perforation, preferably in one arm a perforation and in the other arm three corresponding perforations, for its corresponding adjustment but the number of its perforations is variable; each pair of said angles cooperating in slidable manner and being fixed by a suitable fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut, since the adjustment can be carried out with a clamp when properly inserted in its perforations or carry another type of fastening means different from the one advocated; two of said angles each comprise a suitable bearing of plastic material, located in the lower part of its angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted a lateral support means that is formed by a structure of at least one telescopic lateral support formed by sections I which conform Suitable metal lateral supports, preferably two, formed by a suitable longitudinal groove on its corresponding face with a suitable insert also longitudinal on its edge that suitably fitting on its edge, and a suitable longitudinal metal rail on each of said lateral supports suitably coupled on said lateral supports, their sections of said lateral supports are arranged in pairs and in parallel they are also coupled together appropriately, for their assembly, they have suitable metallic rings fitting properly, one of said internal rings in its lower part and another one of said external rings in its upper part and a suitable means of fastening; a suitable transverse metal bar with a fastening means in the form of a suitable metallic ring, which is disposed in the lower part of said lateral supports; a suitably coupled transverse metal bar suitable located on the upper part of said lateral supports that cooperate both crossbars for release and / or collection of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports, which can cooperate for the arrangement of; a few steps or appropriate metal bars, where the user will position their feet or the load will be deposited, with its protruding ends, called axes and guides, which are inserted in said slot delimited by its edge by said graft, located on its face corresponding to said lateral supports, and in said rail of said lateral supports for the ascent and / or descent of said rungs or bars, said axes in constant contact with said graft for sliding control of said rungs or bars, wherein said Graft will press to said axes when ascending and / or descending and they will rub to control the untimely descent of said rungs or bars. Said sections of said lateral supports coupled to each other suitably and arranged in parallel, each pair has a transverse reinforcement means to keep them rigid when said staircase is extended and / or resting against the wall or wall, which is recommended because it is formed by at least one bar or several suitable cross-sectional metal folding bars, with their extremities in the form of a square which can be fixed or removable or assembled by fitting properly, in the external part of coupling together their sections of said lateral supports and their function is to avoid the deformation of each lateral support and / or rest against the wall or wall of said stairwell when extended. Said cross bar with its square-shaped ends is also disposed in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports for rest against the wall or wall, The number of said crossbars with their ends in the form of a square will be determined by the number of pairs of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports and of the total length of said ladder that is required. The upper and lower ends of said lateral supports have suitable plugs of plastic material, said plugs, of insertion and suitable extraction, to be inserted in the hollows of their corresponding upper and lower ends of said lateral supports for their sliding towards the outside when they are removed and sliding towards the inside when they are inserted. In the upper part of said lateral supports has a smaller dimension in terms of its constant longitudinal width, from its upper end to below the position of said spring with hemispherical stop disposed in one of said lateral supports and up to below said meshing, disposed at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop disposed in said lateral support of the opposite side, and recovering its dimension in its remaining immediate lower part, not shown in the figures, which serves so that said rungs or bars are inserted properly in said lateral supports and suitably housed in said gears that mark the position of said second step or bar and said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral supports and said engagement, disposed at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop, arranged in said lateral support of the opposite side, in its initial position, that is, in the above said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to hold and function properly; similarly said graft delimiting its edge to said groove disposed on its corresponding side of said lateral supports is much thinner in said depth, it serves to avoid the friction of said axes with said graft to the sliding of said rungs or bars when placing them in their initial position, that is, in the upper part of said lateral supports where said rungs or bars act to sustain themselves and function properly. It comprises a means for ascending and descending the step and / or bar which is recommended, it is formed by a spring with semi-spermatic stop, arranged in a suitable metallic manner, suitably coupled, and housed in one of said lateral supports, in whose semiesferic stop of said spring act said guides at its end of said first step or bar and its other end is housed in the recesses between its teeth of said engagement and resting on its corresponding tooth, arranged at equivalent height of said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support of the opposite side; to give the independent position to the first rung or bar of the rest of the group of said rungs or bars, where a user will position his feet or a proper load will be deposited and act when the load overcomes the friction of his guides on said semi-spherical stop said spring, disposed in said lateral support and its corresponding tooth of said engagement, arranged at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop located in said lateral support on the opposite side, said first step or bar will slide downwards, simultaneously said slides will also slide; guides on their corresponding teeth of said gears, arranged above said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in one of said lateral supports and said gear located at equivalent height with said spring with hemispherical stop, disposed in said lateral support of the opposite side, said guides corresponding to said second step or bar are those that are housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears and rest in their corresponding teeth, arranged in the lower part of said group of steps, which give the position of second step or bar, which bears on itself the rest of said group of steps or bars; a suitable metallic gear disposed on said lateral support above said re-sorta with hemispherical stop; while in the other of said lateral supports, there are internally suitable metallic gears disposed at equivalent heights with said spring with hemispherical stop and said engagement of said lateral support of the opposite side, preferably two, said three gears are fixed accordingly. , with the appropriate corresponding adjustment and adequate resistance so that they act appropriately for support and control of said rungs or bars; said group of rungs or bars being held by said gears disposed in the upper part of said lateral supports only by said guides of said second rung or bar, housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears and resting on their teeth corresponding to said gears, arranged in the lower part of said group of rungs or bars, which serves as a support so that the rest of said group of rungs or bars rest on itself, but at least one rung or bar may go; on descending said second rung or bar simultaneously the rest of said group of rungs or bars will descend together sliding, the next will take its place and its guides will lodge in the same recesses between its teeth of said gears and rest on their corresponding teeth to said second step or bar, and the rest of the group of said steps or bars will rest on itself. Suitable metal articulated bars, housed in said lateral support that also supports said pair of gears are properly coupled, on one of its sides of said lateral support on its upper part, have suitable metal protruding sections or sections that are fixed to said bars articulated at equivalent height with said gears, preferably they are two protruding sections housed in a single gap between their teeth of said gears, and separated from each other in one of said lateral supports, but said protruding sections may be slotted and housed in more than one gap between their teeth of said two corresponding gears, arranged to be housed in the recesses between their teeth of said gears acting as safe for the ascent and / or controlled descent of said rungs or bars. Said bars articulated by acting and releasing said gears when raising said protruding sections that fasten said rungs or bars, said guides corresponding to said first and second rung or said bar. ladder will slide downwards, but, said guides corresponding to the first step or bar will descend, inserted in said longitudinal central slot with said insert in its edge that delimits it disposed on its corresponding side of said lateral supports, to the lower part of said supports side of said staircase; said corresponding guides of said second step or bar will slide downwards, inserted in said longitudinal groove with said graft on its edge, until it lodges one in the recesses between its teeth of said engagement and resting on its corresponding tooth, arranged on said support side and the other of said guides rest on said spring-loaded semispherical stop, arranged in said lateral support at equivalent height with said gear located in said lateral support on the opposite side, then said articulated bars act upon being manually operated by the user so that said protruding sections are housed in the recesses between their teeth of said corresponding gears and said rungs or bars are subject Said articulated bars have two operating times, one to raise said protruding sections, only what is necessary to free said rungs or bars, and the other to raise said lugs or protruding sections higher of their teeth of said two gears to free the use of said rungs or bars and place them in their initial position. Also comprising a means of release and / or collection of lateral support that is recommended by being formed by a suitable metal spool and inserted into said transverse bar, disposed on the upper part of said lateral supports, in the part of which said reel is attached a suitable metal toothed band which is properly coupled by properly fitting also in its internal recess of said reel a suitable metal toothed band for adequately coupling and engaging both to control the untimely sliding of its sections of said lateral supports; said reel is suitably fitted with a suitable tape of resistant material wound on said reel and through which said tape will slide at the end of which a fastening means which is presented in the form of a suitable metal hook, which is hooked to said ring, is appropriately coupled. located in said transverse bar, located in the lower part of said lateral supports, to act for the release and / or collection of said lateral support sections of said lateral supports; said metal suitable ring, suitably coupled to said transverse bar located in the lower part of said lateral supports; a control means that is presented in the form of a suitable metal lever properly coupled with freedom of movement in itself to act upon being lifted from its position, properly coupled in said transverse bar, disposed on the upper part of said lateral supports and on one side of said reel, which determines the deployment of said tape. The dimensions of its sections of said lateral supports are decreasing in width, according to their position in said staircase, the length of each of said lateral supports te-lescópicos of said two lateral supports will be given by how compact that ladder is wanted when it is passive and for the total length required of said ladder.

8. - Ladder with adjustable fasteners referred to in figure twelve is formed by a metal lateral support means with a half of fixed metal or wooden cross steps, at least one metal reinforcement means for rest against the wall or wall where the aforementioned staircase is to be fixed and a metallic adjustable fastening means to the area where it is going to be fixed, which is characterized because, as shown in figure six, it is formed by a lateral support means that are formed two lateral support, suitable metal in whose holes of its lower and upper ends are properly inserted plugs of plastic material; at least one reinforcing means that comprises at least one transverse metal bar with its square-shaped ends, preferably two, which are suitably coupled, in the upper and lower part of said lateral supports, the number of said metal bars cross-sections will be determined by the total length of said ladder that is required, which serve as a rest against the wall or wall where said ladder is to be fixed; an adjustable fastening means to the area where said ladder is to be fastened which is formed by at least one suitable metal angles in the form of "L" engageable in pairs, preferably four, an angle of each pair of said angles comprises in one of its arms a perforation, while the other of said angles in one of its arms has more than one perforation, preferably in one of its arms has a perforation and in its other arm three perfóraciones, for its corresponding adjustment; each pair of said angles cooperating in a sliding manner and being fixed by a suitable fastening means when said perforations coincide as required by the area where said ladder is to be fixed, preferably a suitable metallic screw and nut; two of said angles each comprise a suitable bearing of plastic material fitting properly in the lower part of their angles, for rest against the wall or wall which are suitably inserted to a lateral support means formed preferably by two lateral supports; a half of a step or bar conformed by a suitable metal step which are separated from each other and arranged transversely, where a user will position their feet. The dimension of said ladder will be determined by the total length of said lateral supports as required. SUMMARIZES The present invention is related to the means used for evacuation of houses, residential buildings, de-partamentales, etc. and means used for loading. More specifically it refers to a ladder with ladders or deflectable bars for evacuation of buildings in case of emergency; which can be removable and assembled, or else be fixed, formed by an adjustable fastening means in the area where the ladder is to be fixed which also functions for loading and said adjustable fastening means may or may not conform to said staircase, from which a pair of lateral supports with a co-linear slot on its corresponding face and a guide rail for the sliding of. rungs or bars. It comprises a transverse bar in the lower part of said lateral supports and another transverse bar located in the upper part of said lateral supports which has inserted a reel with a tape whose end is hooked in the lower transverse bar to cooperate operably with its operation; said lateral supports internally comprising a crane-type mechanism for the control of ascent and / or descent of said rungs or bars.