MXPA03008305A

MXPA03008305A - Device for compressing a gas by using solar energy and/or ambient heat.

Info

Publication number: MXPA03008305A
Application number: MXPA03008305A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Peter Bammer
Original assignee: Peter Bammer
Priority date: 2001-03-16
Filing date: 2002-03-15
Publication date: 2004-10-15
Also published as: EP1377751A1; BR0208107A; ATA4112001A; CN1498310A; CA2440459A1; AU2002238276B2; PL363542A1; NO20034116L; NO20034116D0; EA005229B1; EA200301021A1; HRP20030738A2; NZ528439A; KR20030084976A; JP2004522898A; AT410966B; WO2002075154A1; YU72503A

Abstract

A device for compressing gas by using solar energy or ambient heat comprises two high-pressure heat exchangers (1, 2). One high-pressure heat exchanger (1) serves as a solar collector and the other high-pressure heat exchanger (2) serves as a cooler. Both high-pressure heat exchangers (1, 2) are interconnected via pipes, valves (8, 31, 32, 33) and a pneumatic cylinder (5). A pressure difference resulting from different temperature levels of both high-pressure heat exchangers (1, 2) displaces the pneumatic cylinder (5), whereby the pneumatic cylinder (5) acts upon a compressor (40). In order to utilize the compression heat, the compressed gas is led through the primary side of the high-pressure heat exchanger (1) that functions as a collector. The stored compressed air is used for driving a turbine (12). The gas that is expanded by a turbine (12) cools down rapidly and is led over the primary side of the high-pressure heat exchanger (2) that functions as a cooler. A high-pressure heat exchanger system of the aforementioned type is suited for driving automobiles or as a stationary installation, e.g. on the roofs of buildings.

Description

DEVICE FOR COMPRESSING A GAS BY MEANS OF SOLAR ENERGY AND / OR ENVIRONMENTAL HEAT Field of the Invention The invention relates to a device for the compression of a gas by means of solar energy and / or environmental heat. Background of the Invention US 5 259 363 discloses an apparatus for using solar energy. The apparatus includes a solar collector which is in communication with a high pressure heat exchanger. The heat exchanger filled with gas is connected by means of a turbine with a heat exchanger. The gas is conducted to the heat exchanger with the help of a solar collector (under solar radiation) at a high temperature level and is conducted to the turbine. In the turbine, the gas expands completely and is also cooled in a heat exchanger that is not under high pressure. For complete expansion a pump is needed, which recompresses the gas and can feed it to the high-pressure heat exchanger. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The objective of the present invention is to create a device, in which it is not necessary, that during each cycle the gas must be recompressed completely for the high pressure heat exchanger, nor does it take energy from the ambient air and with this for example to drive a car. This objective is achieved with a device of the type described first, characterized in that a first high-pressure heat exchanger and a second high-pressure heat exchanger are provided, the secondary side of which is a gas under pressure, where the first heat exchanger delivers it. taking of the solar radiation and / or the two heat exchangers are at different temperature levels, a compressor, which is driven by a pneumatic cylinder which uses the pressure difference that occurs between the two secondary sides, the compressor drives gas to a feeder or store, and a pump is provided for after the pressure equalization pump the gas from the secondary side of the first heat exchanger to the secondary side of the second heat exchanger, and vice versa. The difference in pressure that occurs between the two high-pressure heat exchangers is transformed into mechanical energy in the compressor. In the pressure equalization, a high gas pressure prevails in the interior of the two high-pressure exchangers, in comparison with the ambient atmospheric pressure. It is advantageous that the primary side of the second heat exchanger is additionally gas, which is supplied from the store, after it has been expanded into a useful turbine. In this way, the gas expansion energy is used during the expansion for the cooling of the second integer. It is also convenient for the objective pursued, that the primary side of the first exchanger is the gas, which is conducted from the compressor to the feeder. In this way also in the compressor the heat caused by the compression of the gas is conducted to the first high pressure heat exchanger. Finally, it is advisable that for the supply of gas to the pressure store, preferably by means of the primary side of the first heat exchanger or of another heat exchanger, at least another compressor is provided, which is driven by another energy, for example energy of braking, wind energy, electrical energy obtained from photocells. In this way it is possible to eliminate the braking energy by an energy transformation in the power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS An embodiment of the invention is represented in the drawing. The figure shows a schematic representation of a solar apparatus according to the invention with high pressure heat exchangers. The apparatus is described by means of an example for the drive of a personal transport vehicle. Description of the Invention The invention encompasses two heat exchangers 1, 2 whose secondary sides 1", 2" are joined together by means of a high-pressure tubular conduit. The high-pressure heat exchanger 1 has on its surface a dark colored coating 1 '' ', which serves as a solar collector, the high-pressure heat exchanger 2 uses its surface to heat the environment by means of a body of heat. 2 '' cooling. In a personal transport vehicle, for example, the roof, the front and the rear are offered as large one-piece surfaces for a manifold arrangement (high-pressure heat exchanger 1). The high-pressure heat exchanger 2 acting as the system cooler is placed, for example, in the lower floor of the vehicle. The other components of the apparatus will be described in detail to the extent that the following description of the mode of operation is made. The secondary sides 1", 2" of the heat exchangers 1 and 2 are connected by means of tubular conduits with a pneumatic cylinder 5 at the same pressure, for example 500 kg / cm2. Valves 8, 9, 9 'and 31 are closed, valves 32, 33 are open. By means of solar radiation on the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 the medium is heated inside and the pressure increases. The heat exchanger 2 is in the shade and has the ambient temperature. Due to the increasing temperature in the heat exchanger 1 an overpressure is produced, which moves the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 5. The piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder 5 is connected to the piston of a compressor 40. By this movement the piston is also pushed in the compressor 40. After the pressure equalization has been carried out, the valves 32 and 33 are closed. The valve 32 'and 33' are opened and the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 5 is pushed to its original position. When crossing the high pressure conduits between the two heat exchangers 1, 2 and the pneumatic cylinder 5, with the valves 32, 32 'and 33, 33', the pressure difference in. the secondary circuit of the two high-pressure heat exchangers 1, 2 moves the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 5 back to its starting position. Simultaneously, by means of the check valve 37, fresh air is sucked into the compressor 40. The valves 32 ', 33' are then closed again. A pump 6 pumps the contents of the heat exchanger 1 and 2 after the opening of the valves 8 and 31 from one another. The pump 6 is driven either with an unusable gas pressure from the pneumatic cylinder 5 or with a gas pressure fed from a store 11. If the pump 6 is driven with pressurized air from the feeder or store 11, during the pumping time the valve 9 is opened. If the residual gas pressure from the pneumatic cylinder 5 is to be used, valve 9 'is opened alternately (to valve 9). If the means of the heat exchangers 1 and 2 are pumped against one another, the valves 8, 9 or 9 'and 31 are closed again. The valves 32, 22 are opened again. The medium in the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 is heated again by means of solar radiation and the medium of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2 is cooled in the shade. The compressed gas, heated by compression in the compressor 40 is conducted by the check valve 36 through the primary side 1 'of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1, where the compression heat produced is transferred to the secondary side 1". After passing through the high-pressure heat exchanger 1, the pressure obtained in the compressor 40 is stored in the store 11. The pressurized air stored in the store 11 can now, for example in a turbine 12, be transformed into rotational energy The working pressure is between 40 and 200 kg / cm2, the energy transfer expands the previously compressed medium and cools down, this cold air flow is not sent to the environment without being used, but is driven to the primary side 2 'of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2. The primary side 2' of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2 gives cold to the secondary side 2"and thus takes heat from the secondary side 2". The gas leaving the primary side 2 'is heated and by means of a pre-heater 41 and a check valve 37 can be sucked again by the compressor 40. In addition the heating time of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 or the cooling time of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2 is shortened by the respective temperatures or prevailing temperature differences between the ambient temperature of the sun side 19 and the ambient temperature of the shadow side 14. A typical temperature difference is 15 ° K. Due to the difference in ambient temperature between the sun side and the shadow side, a pressure difference between the secondary side 1"of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 and the secondary side 2" of the heat exchanger high pressure 2, independently of the solar radiation on the high-pressure heat exchanger 1. This pressure difference returns to move the piston of the pneumatic cylinder 5 and the piston of the compressor 40. The recovery of the braking energy is realized by the storage of the mechanical energy in a gas compressor 21. Alternatively the gas compressor 21 can also be driven with other forms of energy 23, for example wind power . The gas compressor 21 sucks in fresh air and drives it already compressed by means of the conduit 20 through the check valve on the primary side 1 'of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 to the store 11. The compression heat of the compressor 21 it is conducted before the storage of the pressurized air in the pressure store 11 also by the primary side 1 'of the high-pressure heat exchanger 1 to heat it. By the heat transfer from the primary side 1 'to the secondary side 1"in the high-pressure heat exchanger 1, a pressure difference between the secondary sides 1", 2"of the heat exchangers is reached as described above. 1 and 2. For further cooling of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2 wind or the wind produced by the advance is conducted on the cooling body 2 '' 'of the high-pressure heat exchanger 2. It is also reasonable to install high-pressure heat exchangers with suitable dimensions 1, 2 as heating or cooling in the area for the occupants of the vehicle The existing air suction preheating device, possibly with the preheater 41 could be radiated by the sun, to reach a certain degree of efficiency, the compressor 40, the pump 6, and the warehouse 11 could take the place of the current aggregate in the vehicles. by means of a pressurized air motor or turbine, or directly from the hub of the wheel. The solar apparatus is also suitable for stationary operation, for example on the roofs of houses. The energy obtained can be stored outside the site and does not need to be fed into a current network. With wind driven devices using gas compressors 21 designed accordingly, it is possible to increase the degree of efficiency, to use gusts or strong winds. Each rotation of the rotor leads inequitably to a movement of the gas compressor 21. The compression heat can also be used by one or more heat exchangers 1, 2. With corresponding stores 11 it is already possible to store the energy out of place. The stored energy, if necessary, is used to cover the excess loads. This also allows economic operation of small wind farms. By means of high-pressure heat exchangers, heat waste from machines, tools can also be used economically, etc .

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following: CLAIMS 1. A device for the compression of a gas by means of solar energy and / or environmental heat, characterized in that a first high-pressure heat exchanger and a second high-pressure heat exchanger, whose secondary sides are a gas that is under pressure, where the first heat exchanger receives the solar radiation and / or the two heat exchangers are at a level of different temperature; because a compressor is supplied, which is driven by a pneumatic cylinder, which in turn is driven by the pressure difference between the two secondary sides; because the compressor drives the gas in a store and because a pump is provided so that after pressure equalization on the secondary side of the first high pressure heat exchanger, it is pumped to secondary side of the second heat exchanger and inversely
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary side of the second heat exchanger is additionally gas, which comes from the store, after it was expanded in the use turbine. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the primary side of the first heat exchanger is gas, which is driven from the compressor to storage. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to drive more gas in the pressure store, preferably through the primary side of the first heat exchanger or another heat exchanger, at least one other heat exchanger is provided. , which is driven by other energy such as braking energy, wind energy, or electrical energy obtained from photocells.