MXPA00012739A - Enhanced procedure for dyeing fabrics and yarns. - Google Patents

Abstract

Herein is presented a novel procedure for the dyeing of fabrics and yarns employing new chemical compositions, by which it is obtained a notorious saving of time, water services and thermal energy for the dyeing of obscure colors in the presence of cotton-reactive pigments. The procedure succinctly comprises a series of main stages which consist of various operations or actions and which can be summed up by comprising a first stage, consisting in a dyeing, placing the fabric in a vat, in the presence of an organic detergent of controlled foam and of an organic reducer, for avoiding a hydrolysis of the reactive colorant, maintaining a temperature of 95°C for a period of 10 minutes to add subsequently a stabilizer chemical composition containing the colorant and which maintains the pH, within a range of 10.8 to 10.9 and for a period of 15 minutes, then the temperature is decreased to 60°C maintaining it for 50 minutes; a second stage consisting in a washing and rinsing for 10 minutes do ing this operation twice; a third stage consisting in a soaping by means of a new bath in the presence of acetic acid to 1% adding once more an organic detergent of controlled foam and by means of it the hydrolyzed colorant is extracted with a single washing, rising the temperature to 98°C for 10 minutes, to cool down the temperature to 60°C again and maintaining it for 20 minutes; a fourth stage of rinsing in a new bath for 5 minutes, repeating this operation twice; a fifth stage consisting in a washing with water at 70°C in a new bath for 10 minutes; a sixth stage consisting in a fabric softening in a new bath at 45°C for 10 minutes. Therefore, the procedure has to do with the procedures employed in the textile industry particularly in the fabrics and cotton yarns dyeing.

Description

IMPROVED PROCEDURE FOR THE HANDLING OF FABRICS AND THREADS TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION A novel procedure is presented for the dyeing of fabrics and yarns using new chemical compositions, by means of which it is possible to obtain the suppression of a previous washing of the fabric as well as a time saving as well as water inputs and thermal energy for the dyeing of dark colors in the presence of pigments reactive to cotton. Therefore, the process has its field of action within the methods and procedures employed in the textile industry and more particularly in the dyeing of cotton fabrics and yarns.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As you know, during the process of dyeing fabrics and threads goes from prehistoric times, having developed many techniques and methods for it.

The process to dye fibers whose molecules come from the neutral cellulose as it is the cotton, can be realized either by means of direct dyes, mordant or of azo group, either to intensify a color or to achieve a permanence in the fabric and r xtensión a threads, is made by a multitude of operations. The traditional method basically employs a series of stages, where each of them can comprise several operations that are carried out and which consist of: A first stage of washing before dyeing a new bathroom in the presence of a detergent and caustic soda raising the temperature for 30 minutes up to 98 ° C and keeping it for 15 minutes. Then the bath cools down taking about 20 minutes. Then a new rinse bath is carried out which is carried out for a space of 10 minutes, to make a second new neutralization bath for another 10 minutes and a new rinse bath for 10 minutes, which makes this operation carried out in 115 minutes (1: 15 hours) A second stage of dyeing, using a new bath in the presence of a chemical composition that carries a dye to pigment, raising the temperature for a time of 50 minutes at 60 ° C and maintaining It's 20 minutes.

Then add sodium carbonate and proceed to cool for 120 minutes making a total of 190 minutes (2:30 hours) A third stage of washing and dyeing using a new bath twice for 10 minutes each, including the corresponding rinse , to continue with a bath nine and neutralized for another ten minutes. Then a new bath and soaping raising the temperature 30 minutes to reach 98 ° C remaining for another 15 minutes, then cool the bathroom in a time of 20 minutes, making a total of 95 minutes (1: 35 hours) A fourth stage consisting of a new bath and rinse for 10 minutes to continue with a second new bath and soaping up the temperature 30 minutes to reach 98 ° C remaining for another 15 minutes, making a total of 45 minutes (0:45 hours) A fifth cooling step to then continue with a new bath and rinse for 10 minutes twice and after a new bath with water at the temperature of 70 ° C for 10 minutes and a new bath and softened the fabric at the temperature of 45 ° C for 20 minutes making a total of 50 minutes (0:50 hours) In the present case we see that the total time to dye a cloth throws an amount of 505 minutes (8:25 hours) and a quantity of water for the baths new from 18.00 0 liters The above drawbacks can be improved by first suppressing the first stage described and by using new chemical compositions developed for this purpose, taking a total of 225 minutes (3:27 hours) in addition to using a quantity of water for the new bathrooms of 10,000 liters having a saving of 8,000 liters.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A novel process is described which is composed of a series of main steps which may comprise several operations or actions.

According to the present invention, a new bath term is used, which should be understood as all the times that the tub is filled with water to perform the operations of having a bath report 1: 10 and whose proportion means that for every 100 kg of water. material 1, 000 liters of water are used in each change. The novel procedure does not require a washing of the fabric before dyeing which saves a time ranging from 1.25 to 1.50 hours and at the same time four new baths equivalent to 4,000 liters per 100 kg of fabric are eliminated . This procedure begins with a first stage, consisting of a dyeing, placing the fabric in a tub, in the presence of an organic detergent of controlled foam and an organic reducer, which prevents a hydrolysis of the reactive dye, maintaining a temperature of 95 ° C for 10 minutes to later add a stabilizing chemical composition containing the dye and which maintains the pH, within a range of 10.8 to 10.9 and during a lapse of 15 minutes, then the temperature of 60 ° C is lowered and it is maintained for 50 minutes, making a total of 100 minutes (1: 30 hours) A second stage consisting of a new wash and rinse for 10 minutes, this operation being performed twice for a total of 20 minutes (0:20 hours) ) A third stage consisting of soaping by means of a new bath in the presence of 1% acetic acid, adding again an organic foam detergent controlled and by medium from which the hydrolyzed dye is extracted with a single wash, raising the temperature of 98 ° C for 10 minutes, to cool again to the temperature of 60 ° C and kept for 20 minutes as well as a new bath making a total of 75 minutes (1: 15 hours) A fourth stage of rinsing in a new bathroom for 10 minutes, repeating this operation twice for a total of 20 minutes (0:20 hours) A fifth stage consisting of a wash with water at 70 ° C in a new bath for 10 minutes for a total of 10 minutes (0:10 hours) A sixth stage consisting of a fabric softening in a new bath at 45 ° C for 10 minutes making a total of 10 minutes (0:10 hours) In this case, the proposed invention takes a total of 225 minutes (3:27 hours) in addition to using a quantity of water for the new 10,000 liter baths having a saving 8,000 liters. In the same way, the thermal energy with the new procedure is saved, being this equivalent to 2000 liters of water at 98 ° C per kg of cloth quantified in 146 kcal.

BEST METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the description above, 300 kg of cloth were treated following the same steps and conditions, achieving the following savings: indicated. Time spent: 3:30 hours Water saving: 23,000 liters Energy savings quantified: 425 kcal

Claims (1)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore the content of the following clause is claimed as our property: 1. Improved procedure for the dyeing of fabrics and yarns, which employing new chemical compositions , by means of which it is possible to obtain the suppression of a previous washing of the fabric and which comprises a series of main stages which comprise several operations or actions and which are characterized by comprising a first stage, consisting of a dyeing, placing the fabric in a vat, in the presence of an organic controlled foam detergent and an organic reducer, which prevents a hydrolysis of the reactive dye, maintaining a temperature of 95 ° C for 10 minutes and then adding a stabilizing chemical composition containing the dye and which maintains the pH, within a range of 10.8 to 10.9 and during a lapse of 1 5 minutes, then the temperature of 60 ° C is lowered and maintained for 50 minutes; a second stage consisting of washing and rinsing for 10 minutes, this operation being performed twice; a third stage consisting of a soaping by means of a new bath in the presence of 1% acetic acid by adding again an organic detergent of controlled foam and by means of which the hydrolyzed dye is extracted with a single wash, raising the temperature of 98 ° C for 10 minutes, to cool again to the temperature of 60 ° C and keep for 20 minutes; a fourth step of rinsing in a new bath for 5 minutes, repeating this operation twice; a fifth stage consisting of a wash with water at 70 ° C in a new bath for 10 minutes; a sixth stage consisting of a softening of the fabric in a new bath at 45 ° C for 10 minutes.