MXPA00010644A - Electrochemical device for purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for purifying water comprising a housing (1) in which electrodes (7) are arranged. The device also comprises an admission line (2) for the water (8) to be purified, a discharge duct (4) for moving the water in a circuit, a drain (3) for emptying the housing, and swirling bodies (9) which are partially or entirely electrically conductive. The invention is characterized in that the base area of the housing (1) comprises a semicircular rounded shape in a plane, and comprises a shape which is tapered downward in a trapezoidal manner in the plane, said plane being situated at a 90 degree angle relative to the first plane. The admission line (2) is arranged in the proximity of the base and central in relation to the base area, said base area being tapered in a trapezoidal manner, in order to produce a flow along the base area which tapers in a semicircular manner. The electrodes (7) are configured to fit the base area and are arranged parallel to the direction of flow.

Description

ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE FOR PURIFYING WATER DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY The invention relates to a device for purifying water, with a housing in which electrodes are arranged, an inlet conduit for the water to be purified, an outlet conduit for the movement of water in the circulating stream, an drain for the evacuation of the housing and turbulence bodies, which are partly or completely electrically conductive. DE 33 36460 Al discloses a method and a device for purifying water, by means of which it is passed through electrodes of bi- or trivalent metals of different polarity and the electrodes are surrounded by a moving bed of non-solid particles. conductors, which have a thickness higher than that of the water to be purified. Preferably iron or aluminum is used as electrode material. The electrodes and the moving bed of non-conductive particles are arranged in an electrolysis chamber, to whose lower part a feed conduit leads and in whose upper part a flocculating chamber is provided which widens conically. In the case of water with a small conductance, the distances between the plates are then selected very small, which results in faster wear of the plates. In addition, a faster isolation of the electrode plates takes place by the smaller distances between the plates, by a non-conductive layer formed on it of flocculations that originate during electrolysis. In addition, the bottom of the electrolysis chamber is unfavorably shaped from the technical point of view. By conical widening of the flocculation chamber, the activity of the stream is suppressed rapidly and until inactivity, and a relatively larger amount of place is also required. In order to bring the electrically non-conductive particles into constant movement, a fan is arranged in the lower area of the electrolysis chamber. In a device for cleaning water to be used with aquariums according to US 4,212,724, the aquarium water is pumped out, fed to a vessel provided with electrodes and fed again after purification and purification. filtration. Since feeding from above and feedback through a semicircular container bottom takes place, only a small turbulence of the turbulence bodies and therefore only a small purification performance is to be mentioned. A device for cleaning dirty water according to DE 43 29 272 Cl makes the water enter laterally through a bottom of a rounded container, in order to make it exit again through the upper edge of the container to a rest tank. Only the turbulence bodies that are in the center of the bottom of the container are then assembled from the current, while the others remain at relative rest.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for purifying water according to the general concept of claim 1, which has a better purification performance. According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the dependent claims are given. The device for purifying water comprises a housing, in which electrodes are arranged, an inlet conduit for the water to be purified, an outlet conduit for the movement of the water in the circulating stream, a drain for the evacuation of the water. housing and turbulence bodies, which are partly or completely electrically conductive. According to the invention, the bottom area of the housing has in a plane a semicircular rounded shape and in the plane that is at an angle of 90 ° with it a shape that tapers downwards, wherein the inlet duct empties centrally towards the bottom area which narrows in a trapezoidal manner in the vicinity of the bottom, to produce a current along the bottom area that tapers semicircularly, and the electrodes are shaped as the bottom area and are arranged parallel to the direction of the current. All the turbulence groups of the stream come together. The purification performance is correspondingly high. With the device, water with small electrical conductance can be purified without noticeable wear of the electrodes and flocculations that are formed on the electrode plates, whereby the device requires a small amount of place and has a favorable technical shape. Between the outlet duct and the inlet duct there are arranged a bypass duct and a pump, through which the water to be purified through the outlet duct and a filter intended to be suctioned are suctioned in the circulation regime. to the outlet duct and it is fed again through the inlet duct to the housing. The inlet duct is then preferably led into the container. The outlet duct can also be led, however, by inserting a filter directly into the inlet duct, a pump being arranged between its connection place on the outlet duct side and its outlet on the housing side. In this case, the inlet conduit is preferably led out of the container. In both cases, the bottom can have a drain provided with a filtering surface. The water to be purified is passed through electrodes of different polarity, the electrodes being surrounded by a moving bed of turbulence bodies, which have a thickness higher than that of the water to be purified. A part or all of the turbulence bodies consist of electrically conductive material, so that during the electrolysis through the turbulence bodies that are electrically charged by the contact with the electrodes, an elevation of the active surface of the electrodes takes place. In this way, the purification effect is considerably improved compared to conventional solutions. Furthermore, highly highly oxidizing and electrochemically active metal surfaces are formed in the turbulence bodies, by the contact of the turbulence bodies with each other and by the abrasion. Through the turbulence bodies that move electrically between the electrodes, on the one hand a temporary and local over-elevation of the gradient of the electric field between the electrodes and on the other hand a purification of the electrode surfaces is achieved. Due to the movement of the turbulence bodies and the constantly changing charges, a constant alternating field is produced. The movement of the turbulence bodies is produced by a stream of water. This can be done through an inflow opening, a pump or an agitator apparatus. With the process according to the invention, highly contaminated water with impurities can be purified in the form of oils, fats, hydrocarbons, surfactants, phosphates, heavy metals, organic and inorganic suspended particles and other fillers. In addition, it is possible that water with small conductance can be prepared with high effectiveness. As needed, continuous or alternating current can be applied, the adjacent voltage rising preferably to 2 and up to 65 volts. The device has an inlet conduit for the water to be purified, a drain for the evacuation of the housing, an outlet conduit for the water provided with flocculated impurities. In the housing, there are the electrodes and a layer of turbulence bodies. At least part or all of the turbulence bodies consist of electrically conductive material, preferably using granulated iron, graphite, aluminum and other suitable electrically conductive materials. Mixtures of conductive and non-conductive materials are also possible. As a form of the iron shots, for example, rolling slags can be used as turbulent bodies. These result as waste products in the rolling mills and are therefore very cheap. The distance of the electrodes should correspond to approximately one and a half to ten times the particle size of the turbulence bodies to achieve an optimal purification effect. In addition, the thickness of the electrodes can be the same or different. The immersion depth of the electrodes should be selected, so that a defined distance is given to the bottom area of the vessel, and the water stream and therefore the turbulence bodies are optimal. In addition, the individual electrodes can be formed in dependence on the shape of the bottom of the container and also have a different immersion depth adapted to the bottom shape of the container. The bottom of the housing is advantageously formed from the technical point of view and preferably has an essentially semicircular shape.

Advantageously, the housing consists of plastic or other similar electrically non-conductive material. However, it is also possible to produce the metallic material housing by connecting the negative pole in case DC is applied to the housing. Means for the production of current are provided in the bottom area of the container. For this purpose, for example, a dip tube can be placed for feeding the water to near the bottom area of the container. The repeated circulation of the water takes place by means of a pump. With the solution, a self-purification of the plates is ensured by the movement and electrical charge of the turbulence bodies and the purification process is therefore accelerated. The electric field gradient between the activated electrodes and the metal turbulence bodies is ensured by the temporary and local over-elevation, which ensures these cleaning effects even with small water conductances. The hydroxide flocs originating in this "turbulence bed preparation", to which the deoxidized filler materials are bound, are filtered from the water in a subsequent filtration step. The invention is explained below in more detail based on the embodiments and the corresponding drawings. It is shown: in figure 1, a front view purification device; in figure 2, a sectional representation according to the figure 1; in figure 3, a purification device according to the invention in front view; in figure 4, a sectional representation according to the figure 3; in figure 5, other purification device according to the invention in front view; and in figure 6, a sectional representation according to figure 5. In figures 1 and 2, a principle presentation of a purification device is reproduced. The device has a container 1 with an inlet conduit 2 for the water to be purified, a drainage 3 for the evacuation and an outlet conduit for the water provided with flocculated impurities. The bottom 1.1 of the container is formed in a semicircular manner. The inlet conduit 2 is formed in the form of an immersion tube, which leads to near the bottom 1.1 of the container 1. It is formed, for example, of plastic or other material. The drainage 3 is disposed in the bottom 1.1 of the container 1 as far as possible in the deepest place, to guarantee a free disposal of waste. A filter surface S1 stops the turbulence bodies. The outlet duct 4 is disposed in the upper area of a side wall of the container. Between the outlet duct 4 and the inlet duct 2, a pump 5 is arranged.

This sucks the water in the circulation system through the outlet conduit 4 and feeds it again through the immersion tube. To protect the pump and the driving system against impurities and turbulence bodies, a filter S2 is provided in the region of the outlet duct. The electrodes 7 are formed in the form of plates and protrude to the bottom area of the container and taper downwards in a trapezoidal manner. It would also be possible to shape the end of the electrodes pointing in the direction of the bottom 1.1 in a semicircular manner. The section A-A according to FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2. The container 1 narrows downwards in a trapezoidal manner. The electrodes arranged in the center stand out more deeply than the electrodes arranged laterally in the container. The end of the electrodes 7 pointing downwards therefore follows the rise of the bottom 1.1 of the container 1. Before or after introducing the liquid to be purified, a charge of the turbulence bodies is introduced into the container 1. In the operating state, the electrodes 7 protrude a little above the level of the liquid. The voltage is connected to the electrodes and the water is sucked into the circulation system by the pump 5 through the outlet duct 4 and the S2 filter, and is fed again centrally by the container through the immersion tube 2. By means of the pressure produced by means of the pump, the turbulence bodies are set in motion. In addition, the favorable configuration from the technical point of view has a favorable effect on the circulation of water. Practically, by means of the dip tube laterally arranged and protruding to the bottom area, a circulation (circulating current) acting in the direction of the arrow is produced. The electrically conductive turbulence bodies set in motion by the water flow arrive between the electrodes among others and are electrically charged. In this way, the lifting of the active surface of the electrodes is achieved. By means of the friction formed by the contact of the turbulence bodies, metal surfaces are always highly oxidant and electrochemically active in the turbulence bodies. In addition, electrically charged turbulence bodies are moved between the electrodes on the one hand by a temporary and local rise in the gradient of the electric field between the electrodes and on the other hand by a purification of the surface of the electrodes. In addition to the circulation regime described, during which the water is introduced into the container, a defined time is handled and then left again through the evacuation 3, a continuous flow regime is also possible. In this case the outlet duct is not connected to the inlet duct via a pump, but is provided, as shown by dashed line in the upper region, an outlet duct 10 for concentrated water with flocculations and also provided with a filtering surface S2 that stops the turbulence bodies.

The feed of the water to be purified should take place, as the modality described above, as far as possible in the bottom area. In addition to the production of the stream through the water that flows together with pressure, the movement of the water can also take place through an agitator apparatus, pressure nozzles or the like. All the turbulence bodies can be formed of electrically conductive material, but it is also possible to use a mixture with electrically non-conductive turbulence bodies. The electrically non-conductive turbulence bodies can consist, for example, of selected flake or coarse quartz sand and raise the purification effect on the electrodes 7. In FIGS. 3 and 4, a purification device according to the invention is shown, in FIG. wherein the dip tube 2 flows centrally into the bottom area which narrows in a trapezoidal manner in the vicinity of the bottom. In this outlet site of the dip tube 2, the bottom (1.1) forms a narrow grooved area (Figure 4) where the current joins all the turbulence bodies 9 that are on bottom and produces a remarkable turbulence that elevates the performance of purification. FIGS. 5 and 6 show a purification device according to the invention in which an inlet conduit 2 is used which is led out of the housing 1, instead of the dip tube 2. This consists of an upper section A, through the which dirty water 8 is fed from an intermediate section B, into which the outlet conduit 4 opens, to feed the previously purified water after filtering it through the suction chamber filter S2 previously connected to a renewed purification circulation , and of a lower section C, in which it traverses the inlet conduit 2 in the bottom bottom area centrally between the side walls 1.2 which narrow obliquely downwards through the housing 1, so that the current, which is produced by a pump 5 connected to the inlet duct 2, it joins all the turbulence bodies that are in the bottom 1.1 again through the central confluence. With the invention, a possibility of the effective purification of remarkably turbid water and / or water with very small conductance is provided, which is not possible in this way until now. In addition, a reduction in operating costs is possible, since the sacrifice of metal for the formation of floccules takes place by means of cheap waste shots.

Claims (3)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - Device for purifying water, with a housing (1), in which are arranged electrodes (7), an inlet conduit (2) for the water to be purified (8), an outlet conduit (4) for the movement of the water in the circulating stream, a drain for evacuating the dislodging and turbulence bodies (9), which are partly or completely electrically conductive, further characterized in that the bottom area of the housing (1) has a rounded shape semicircular and in the plane that is at a 90 degree angle with it a shape that tapers trapezoid downward, where the inlet conduit (2) is arranged in the vicinity of the bottom centrally to the area of background that is frosted in a trapezoidal manner, to reproduce a current along the bottom area that narrows in a semicircular manner, and the electrodes (7) are shaped as the bottom area and parallel to the direction of the corrie nte.

2. Device according to claim 1, further characterized in that a bypass duct and a pump are arranged between the outlet duct (4) and the inlet duct (2), through which it is sucked in the regime of circulation the water to be purified through the outlet conduit (4) and a filter (6) for the outlet conduit (4), and is fed again through the inlet conduit (2) to the housing.

3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, further characterized in that the bottom (1.1) has a drain (3) provided with a filtering surface (S1).