MX2011013332A

MX2011013332A - Fluid pressure regulator.

Info

Publication number: MX2011013332A
Application number: MX2011013332A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Valdiva Hernandez; Jose Alberto
Original assignee: Instr Y Equipos S A De C V Fab De
Priority date: 2009-06-11
Filing date: 2009-06-11
Publication date: 2012-01-30
Also published as: WO2010143009A1

Abstract

A fluid pressure regulator insertable over a valve in a fluid container, its use method and a needle subassembly for said regulator, wherein the regulator comprises a knob for allowing and regulating fluid flow; a ratchet interconnected to said knob; a revolver interconnected to said ratchet, wherein the ratchet controls the position of said revolver and wherein said revolver controls the fluid flow by means of the blocking of an auger; a diffuser subassembly that controls fluid flow towards said revolver my means of a seal and at least two chambers; a spring to control the displacement of said diffuser subassembly; and a needle subassembly interconnected with said diffuser subassembly to allow fluid output from said valve.

Description

FLUID PRESSURE REGULATOR Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fluid pressure regulator, and more specifically, to pressure regulators of pressurized fluids in high pressure equipment that are emptied into the atmosphere at a given volumetric flow, regardless of the pressure variation in the equipment .

Description of Previous Art High pressure equipment, usually called cylinders, are widely used to transport and administer quantities of various industrial and medical fluids according to the fluid user's requirements.

Usually, high-pressure cylinders are assembled with multipurpose valve systems. The valve systems are suitable for filling or filling the cylinder with fluid, as well as for administering the. cylinder gas. Additionally, the valve systems are suitable to act as plugs, stopping gas administration. Moreover, the valve systems also serve in relation to safety by preventing the sudden and / or excessive variation of the pressure of the fluid being administered, through a pressure regulator.

While every cylinder of fluid that is full requires a valve system at all times, at least to provide the plug function, it is not necessary that all fluid cylinders have additional features, such as the pressure regulator. , since having these additional parts creates an additional expense, which is not necessary during transportation, handling and storage of the cylindrical equipment.

In addition to the cost, such valve systems usually protrude as the cylinder, so they are subject to deformation and / or rupture during transport and handling of cylindrical equipment, which could result in fluid wastage, and. even worse, the escape of an unsafe fluid product into the environment.

Increased frequent use of light cylinders that should only be filled once, i.e. the so-called non-returnable cylinders, or returnable cylinders that only have to be filled by an authorized agent, raise several safety problems with respect to their re-use or eventual filling, especially in view of the high pressures with which they are filled to said cylinders .

Such valves can be found in the prior art. US Patent No. 4,033,378 discloses a pressure reducing valve for use in compressed gas containers, which require a fixed volumetric flow during administration, regardless of the pressure variation within the container, changing from a high pressure value to possibly a low pressure value. The valve comprises a metric valve loaded with spring, which responds directly to the pressure load with a valve element, comprising a needle inside the control hole to control a low quantity as regulated by a relative travel through a conical stem length, and a main needle valve configured inside the outlet port of the valve nozzle at one end subject to pressurized gas to keep the valve fully closed, and at the other end where said outlet port is projected for the valve actuation, it is pressed to start the flow that automatically ends when said pressure is removed, resulting in a valve closed by the pressure and action on the end of the clasp.

U.S. Patent No. 5,018,552 discloses a valve assembly for a disposable container comprising a valve housing that encloses the main valve plug, and an auxiliary valve plug initially held in an open position by elastic locking means that it is unlocked, at the end of a first filling, by means of a displacement of the main valve plug beyond its normal opening position under the action of a filling closure. The auxiliary valve plug is pushed against the seat by means of a low calibration spring. Any pressure reduction causes the auxiliary valve plug to open when any over-filling pressure may arise against the auxiliary valve plug in the closed position.

U.S. Patent No. 5,467,798 discloses a valve for preventing the filling of a container, comprising a valve body having an inlet and outlet and a passageway through the valve body interconnecting the inlet and the outlet. The stem of the valve slides in the passage and has an axial passage that extends partially therein and which ends laterally in a passage extending through a side wall of the intermediate stem to the ends of the stem. A ball in the stem rests on the seat of the stem and closes the valve passage against the gas flow towards the outlet to the inlet. A first spring urges a ball against the seat to allow gas flow only in one direction from the inlet to the outlet by the displacement of the seat ball against the action of the first spring in an open position of the valve . A second spring urges the stem in the direction of gas flow from the inlet to the outlet, and a seal acts between the stem and the valve body. The second spring urges the seal to a sealing relationship with the valve body in a closed position, whereby when a coupling is coupled to the valve body, the coupling urges the stem in a direction opposite to the first direction already mentioned and against the action of the second spring to move the seal out in a sealing relationship with the valve body, establishing communication between the inlet and the outlet when the gas pressure at the inlet is sufficient to move the ball out of the seat against the action of the first spring.

U.S. Patent No. 5,520,214 discloses a regulator and filling valve assembly for filling a pressurized fluid tank and for regulating the flow of pressurized fluid from the tank, which includes a regulating portion having a valve body with a chamber of piston. A piston moves inside the piston chamber. A first spring at a second opposite end of the piston chamber urges the piston to move towards the first end of the piston chamber. A handle is provided to manually control the force of the first spring acting on the piston. A check valve assembly is located in a passage that includes a seat, a member valve, a guide valve, and a second spring that urges the valve member and guides it into the seat. The valve member is movable in a direction toward a closed position against the seat by fluid pressure in the passage and the urgency of the second spring. A check valve actuator is located between the piston and the check valve. Movement of the piston towards the first end of the chamber tends to move the valve member to an open position. The assembly also includes a fill valve portion having a valve body member with a passageway including another opening of the valve chamber at one end. The restricted passage flow is at the other end of the valve chamber. An exit opening is connected to the fluid passage. The valve body member is connected to the valve body so that a pressure port in the valve body communicates with the open end of the valve chamber. A valve member is slidable in the valve chamber and has a nose that opens and closes the restricted flow passage. The head of the valve member is located in the open member of the valve chamber. Portions establish the flow of fluid through the valve member when the restricted flow passage is open. A spring acts on the valve member urging it to an open position. Pressurized fluid in the pressure port, acts on the head and holds the valve member closed until the force of the fluid pressure is overcome by the force of the spring. The spring holds the valve member open, to allow the tank to evacuate and be charged with pressurized fluid.

US Patent No. 6,230,737 discloses a cylinder valve assembly having a check valve in a seal assembly attached to the cylinder and a releasable delivery valve, coupled with a seal assembly acting as a check valve when it is settled. In this patent, flow regulation is not included.

French patent No. 2634852 discloses a valve for a gas cylinder of the disposable packaging type. A bar with a valve holder is mounted on a valve pusher with the interposition of a compression spring. The initial filling takes place in the passage with a pusher in a raised state. At the end of the filling valve, it is lowered to its seat, and the bar breaks at a certain point, and the gas filling source is disconnected.

The present invention, subject to this patent application, proposes a valve assembly and a pressure regulator, especially a pressure regulator, whose structure is simple, compact and removable, with low manufacturing cost. This allows the user to buy a cylinder, without the need for the cylinder to be transported and handled with the regulator.

In addition, it allows the user to maintain only the pressure regulator, and discard or exchange the cylinder. This allows easy assembly and disassembly of the regulator to the cylinder, as well as the possibility of having several cylinders available for a single pressure regulator. This is especially useful in emergency equipment, usually in fluids such as oxygen, where the cylinder may have a limited capacity, such as a capacity less than 150 liters.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid pressure regulator for high pressure cylinders, which is simple, compact and removable, which is easy to assemble and disassemble by an end user. · Another object of the present invention is to provide a high pressure cylinder that can only be filled by an authorized agent.

Another object is to provide a pressure regulator for the high pressure cylinder, which serves as a safety object during the administration of the fluid, preventing the sudden and / or excessive variation of the pressure of the fluid being administered.

This and other objects of the invention will be apparent taking into account the following description and figures.

Brief Description of the Invention High pressure equipment; usually called cylinders or fluid containers, usually consist of at least two main parts: a cylindrical part, composed of a cylinder and a check valve, and a pressure regulator.

The cylinder is capable of storing the fluid at high pressure. Usually, the cylinder is made of an impact resistant material, such as metals, within which steel, brass, aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, bronze, iron, etc. can be selected. or plastics such as high density polyethylenes, acrylic polymers, polybutadiene, polybutadiene-styrene, high density polymers, high density polyethylenes, and mixtures thereof. It is preferable to use materials that can avoid the creation of contaminants for the internal fluid. Even more preferable is to use an impact resistant material that avoids the creation of contaminants.

The check valve, which is part of the cylinder, allows closure and opening, flow or lack of flow for fluid administration. The check valve is capable of maintaining the tightness of the cylinder and allows filling when the cylinder is empty, by means of a 'regulated connection, of the nipple-nut type or of the yoke type. Check valves are commonly known in the art and several versions of check valves have been given over the years. The check valve allows the passage of gas when the valve is activated, either by mechanical effect or by filling pressure; In the case of the present invention, as will be seen below, it is by means of an opening needle of part of the pressure regulator. The gas stored at high pressure in the cylinder is not able to exit, since the pressure in the cylinder activates or pushes the valve to close and seal it.

On the other hand, the pressure regulator rejects the fluid pressure when the check valve allows fluid flow, at an adequate pressure to correctly administer the fluid to the user. The pressure regulator includes a needle that opens the check valve, allowing the flow of fluid to the regulator. The regulator can be disassembled with ease, so when connecting the pressure regulator to the neck of the cylinder, by means of a preferably threaded, the needle of the pressure regulator is able to press the check valve, allowing the flow of fluid to the regulator , resulting in a fluid opening in a controlled manner and without the end user realizing that the pressure regulator is now the part responsible for pressurizing the fluid. The needle of the pressure regulator is removable from the pressure regulator. The needle preferably has a filter, preferably a metal filter, which can be selected from brass, brass, aluminum, copper and steel among others. The metal filter is sintered, which is able to prevent the entry of contaminating particles and / or dirt into the pressure regulator. When the sintered metal filter has retained a considerable amount of contaminating particles and / or dirt, said filter is plugged, thus restricting the entry of fluid into the pressure regulator. The filter of the present invention is internally assembled in the needle, whereby when said filter is plugged in view of the excess of contaminating particles and / or dirt, the needle must be discarded. However, pressure regulator can be maintained by the user, thus avoiding an additional cost.

The pressure regulator has several components to carry out the regulation of the fluid, as is a body that is capable of housing all the internal elements of the regulator, among which, certain components stand out. The body, in turn, contains a high pressure spring, which is able to regulate the passage of oxygen from the cylinder to the pressure regulator at a certain pressure. Likewise, the body houses a sub-assembly diffuser, which controls the passage of the fluid by means of a seal of polytetrafluoroethylene, a polymeric resin of perfluoroalkoxy, a propylene-ethylene fluorineate or a similar material. The body also houses a revolver, capable of controlling the flow of the fluid in two positions, a first closed position, i.e. a delivery of 0 liters per minute, and a second position of abi-erto, i.e. a delivery of more than 0 liters per minute. Likewise, the body houses a sub-assembly of ratchet, capable of controlling the position of the revolver to provide the specified fluid flow.

The exterior of the body, certain parts are also held, among which are the. next. A pressure gauge, such as a. manometer, able to indicate the pressure of the fluid contained inside the cylinder. The needle mentioned above. A knob to select the fluid flow, from a closed position of 0 liters per minute, to a maximum open position, where the maximum allowed fluid flow is administered. In the same way, there is the emitting valve, or picha, in which the valve is the means of connection between the flow of the fluid and the tube that eventually leads to possibly a mask, The elements mentioned above are the most prominent elements of the system.

Brief Description of the Figures The particular characteristics and advantages invention, as well as other objects of the invention, apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying figures, which: Figure 1 is a conventional perspective view of the pressurized fluid equipment, wherein the pressure regulator and the cylinder are separated.

Figure 2 is a conventional perspective view of the pressurized fluid equipment.

Figure 3 is a conventional perspective view of the cylinder and the valve.

Figure 4 is an exploded view in conventional perspective of the check valve and its housing.

Figure 5 is an exploded view in conventional lower perspective of the pressure regulator.

Figure 6 is a conventional perspective view of the body of the pressure regulator.

Figure 7 is a conventional perspective view of the needle of the pressure regulator.

Figure 8 is a lower conventional perspective view of the diffuser sub-assembly of the pressure regulator.

Figure 9 · is a conventional perspective view of the ratchet sub-assembly of the pressure regulator.

Figure 10 is a conventional perspective view of the revolver.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure regulator of the present invention.

. Figure 12 is a rear view, facing the inside, of the connection formed between the check 'valve and the pressure regulator.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view along line C.-C of figure 12.

Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line A-A 'of Figure 12.

Figure 15 is a longitudinal sectional view along line B-B 'of Figure 12.

Figure 16 is a detailed view of Figure 15.

Figure 17 is a left front / side view of the pressure regulator of the present invention.

Figure 18 is a rear view of the pressure regulator.

Figure 19 is a front view of the pressure regulator of the present invention, attached to the cylinder and to the tube with cannula to direct the fluid being administered.

Figure 20 is a right view of the pressure regulator.

Figure 21 is a conventional top perspective view of the cylinder and check valve, in a first step of the assembly between said cylinder and check valve with the pressure regulator.

Figure 22 is a front / left side view of the pressure regulator, in a second step of the assembly between said cylinder and check valve with the pressure regulator.

Figure 23 is a right view of the third step of the assembly between said cylinder and check valve with the pressure regulator.

. Figure 24 is a second right view of the fourth assembly step between said cylinder and check valve with the pressure regulator.

Figure 25 is an explosive view of a connector for filling the cylinder.

Detailed Description of the Invention Although the present invention can be carried out with a variety of fluids, the invention is preferably carried out with industrial and medical gases, such as for example compressed air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, oxygen, argon and mixtures of the same ones, to which, from now on, they will be called "fluids".

With reference to figures 1 and 2 show a conventional perspective view of the pressure regulator (1) of the present invention, which aligns on a vertical axis, coaxially with the check valve (20), as well as with the cylinder (30) to assemble said requier (1) with said valve (20) and cylinder (30). The pressure regulator (1), by means of the internal part of its body (2) and by means of the sub-assembly needle (3), is able to join the upper part of the body (21) of the check valve ( 20) and the cylinder (30). The connection is preferably given by threaded means in the internal part of the body (2) of the regulator (1) and the external upper part of the body (21) of the valve (20). However, this connection can be carried out by any means known in the art.

Figure 3 is a conventional perspective view of the cylinder (30) and check valve (20) of the present invention. As mentioned above, the cylinder (30) is capable of storing the fluid at a high pressure. Usually, the cylinder is made of an impact resistant material, such as metal or hard plastics. It is preferable to use materials that can avoid the creation of contaminants for the internal fluid. Even more preferable, is to use an impact resistant material and avoid the creation of contaminants. The cylinder (30) is not an object of the present invention.

The check valve (20) is capable of assembling, preferably immovably, with the cylinder (30). The lower part of the body (21) of the valve (20) and the neck (31) of the cylinder (30) are capable of sealing, by means of a packing (22). This assembly between the cylinder (30) and the valve (20) is preferably immovable, so that the end user does not separate said valve (20) from the cylinder (30) and thereby decompress the compressed gas under high pressure, that cause the risks to that end user.

Figure 4 is an explosive view of the parts of the valve (20) that are housed inside the body (21) of the valve (20). The plug (23) keeps the valve (20) in a closed position. The plug (23) abuts the internal upper part of the body (21), creating a seal between the 'valve (20), the cylinder (30) and the outside, thereby enabling the cylinder to be sealed (30) and the fluid outlet when assembling the regulator (1). A ring (24): helps maintain the tightness in the check valve (20). A diffuser subassembly (25) contains the check valve seal gasket (20). A spring (26), housed inside the body (21), and interposed between the body (21) and the diffuser subassembly (25) is capable, in a rest position, of providing the necessary spring to maintain the valve (20) in a closed position by means of the spring pressure exerted by said spring (26) against the diffuser sub-assembly (25), thus covering the cap (23). On the other hand, when the regulator (1) sits on the valve (20), this is when the regulator (1) and the valve (20) are coupled, the regulator (1), by means of a needle (3) , is able to create a greater pushing force, than the rest force of the spring (26), pushing towards the inner part of the body (21) to the diffuser subassembly (25) and the plug (23), so when creating this pushing force greater than that of the spring (26), the needle (3) of the regulator (1) is able to provide the spring (26) with the spring necessary to keep the valve (20) in an open position. When the regulator (1) and the valve (20) are uncoupled, the spring (26) pushes the diffuser subassembly (25) back against the plug (23), resealing the system i.e. the fluid passage closes again.

As mentioned above, the package (22) is assembled in the lower part of the body (21), specifically in the neck (27) of the body (21), where said neck (27) will be attached, preferably immovably, with the neck (31) of the cylinder (30). When said neck (27) of the valve (20) is inserted inside the neck (31) of the cylinder (30), the gasket (22) will create a seal between both collars (27, 31), preventing any fluid outflow.

In the upper part (28) of the body (21), the pressure regulator (1) is assembled by some joining means, such as a threaded means.

Figure 5 is an explosive view of the parts of the pressure regulator (1). In the figure, the needle sub-assembly (3) is shown, which, when the regulator (1) settles on the valve (20), that is when said regulator (1) is coupled to the valve (20), said The needle (3) is able to overcome the force of the spring (26) in the valve, to allow the fluid exit from the cylinder (30).

. The body (2) of the regulator (1), houses several components. A spring (4), which is preferably of high pressure, is able to regulate the passage of fluid coming from the cylinder (30) to the regulator (1) at a certain pressure. A diffuser sub-assembly (5) in combination with said spring (4), is able to control the passage of the fluid by means of a seal. Said seal is preferably made with polytetrafluoroethylene, a perfluoroalkoxy polymer resin, a fluorinated propylene-ethylene or a similar material. The body (2) also houses a revolver (6), capable of controlling the flow of the fluid in two positions, a first closed position, i.e. a delivery of 0 liters per minute, and a second open position, i.e. a delivery of more than 0 liters per minute. In the same way, the body (2) houses a sub-assembly of ratchet (7), able to control the position of the revolver (6) to provide the specified fluid flow.

Between the ratchet (7) and the knob (9), a spring (11) and a pin (44) maintain the pressure on the knob (9) to regulate the rotation of said knob (9). Between each of the parts, there is a ring (14, 15, 16) to create a seal between the parts. A ring (14) is provided between the needle (3) and the high pressure spring (4), to restrict the passage of the fluid to the diffuser sub-assembly (5) only and to provide airtightness inside the regulator (1). A ring (14) is provided between the diffuser sub-assembly (5) and the needle (3), likewise to restrict the passage of the fluid to the diffuser sub-assembly (5) only and to provide airtightness inside the regulator. (1). A ring is provided between the diffuser subassembly (5) and the high pressure spring (4), to restrict the passage of fluid to the diffuser subassembly (5) only, and to provide airtightness inside the regulator (1). A ring (14) is provided between the revolver (6) and the ratchet subassembly (7), to seal the revolver (6) with the ratchet (7). Likewise, a ring (14) is provided between the revolver (6) and the ratchet (7), to guide or restrict the passage of the fluid inside the revolver (6) and the ratchet (7), and to maintain the airtightness inside of the regulator (1). The ring (15) provides a seal for the passage of the fluid and supports the rotation of the revolver (6). The ring (16) seals the passage of the fluid in the revolver (6). Finally, the label (17) is able to identify the regulator (1) and indicate an open and / or closed position.

On the outside of the body (2) certain parts are also held, among which the following stand out. A pressure gauge (8), such as a manometer, capable of indicating the pressure of the fluid contained within the cylinder (30). The needle (3) is partially housed inside the body (2) of the regulator (1) and partially in $ 1 outside thereof. A knob (9) for selecting the fluid flow, from a closed position of 0 liters per minute to a maximum open position, where the maximum allowed fluid flow, which is greater than 0 liters per minute, is administered. Likewise, there is the emitting valve, or pin (10), where the pin (10) is the means of connection between the flow, the fluid and the tube (35) that eventually leads to possibly a mask.

A fusible plug (12) contains a mechanical and thermal seal, capable of being actuated when the fluid pressure exceeds the determined pressure of the fluid inside the cylinder (30), or is actuated when a certain temperature of the fluid inside the cylinder is exceeded (30). ) thus releasing pressure from the internal fluid.

Figure 6 shows, in detail, the body (2) of the pressure regulator (1). The body (2) is substantially cylindrical with the hollow interior in order to house the aforementioned components.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the needle sub-assembly (3). The needle sub-assembly (3) contains two main parts, the needle (36) and the filter (37). The needle (36) is composed substantially of two parts, a cannula (38) and an upper part (39). The diameter of the cannula (38) is of such dimension that it is capable of pressing the cap (23), and more specifically the diffuser sub-assembly (25) when the regulator (1) is coupled with the valve (20). Preferably, the diameter of the cannula (38) is such that it is capable of penetrating through the cap (23) to push the diffuser sub-assembly (25). Optionally, the diameter of the cannula (38) is such that it is able to partially penetrate through the cap (23) to push the diffuser sub-assembly (25). Since the interior of the needle (36) is substantially hollow, by pushing the cannula (38) to the cap (23) and / or to the diffuser sub-assembly (25) the fluid starts the outward course of the cylinder (30) toward the regulator (1). The fluid travels inside the needle and passes to the filter (37).

The filter (37). Is preferably a metal filter, which can be selected from brass, brass, aluminum, copper and steel among others. The filter (37) is preferably sintered, so it is able to prevent the entry of contaminating particles and / or dirt into the pressure regulator (1). When the filter (37) has retained a considerable amount of contaminating particles, and / or dirt, said filter (37) is plugged, thus restricting the entrance of the fluid to the pressure regulator (1). The filter (37) is internally assembled in the needle (36), more preferably assembled internally in the upper part of said needle (36), so when said filter (37) is capped in view of the excess of contaminating particles and / or dirt, the needle (36) should be discarded.

Since the needle sub-assembly (36) can be removed according to the pressure regulator (1), the pressure regulator (1) can be maintained by the user.

Figure '8 is a conventional perspective view of the diffuser sub-assembly (5), which comprises two main chambers. A first lower chamber (40) next to the needle sub-assembly (3) initially receives the fluid being passed and filtered by said needle sub-assembly (3). The fluid arrives by means of a hole (19) in the lower part of the lower chamber (40). In this lower chamber (40) there is a diffuser plug (42) or seal, which is a seal made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a perfluoroalkoxy polymer resin, a fluorinated propylene-ethylene or a similar material. After the stopper (42) passes, the fluid reaches a second chamber, the upper chamber (41), with a dimension different from that of the lower chamber (40), preferably a larger dimension. When there is fluid in both chambers (40, 41), by effect of the force resulting from the contained pressure, the diffuser sub-assembly (5) overcomes the mechanical force of the spring (4) and moves towards the hole and seals, with said plug (42), causing it to close the fluid flow and the fluid that had already passed before sealing said plug (42), remains in the upper chamber (41).

The revolver (6) is installed next to the sub-assembly diffuser (5). Specifically, the revolver (6) and the sub-assembly diffuser (5) are installed face to face without any contact between said revolver (6) and said süb-diffuser assembly (5).

Figure 9 is a conventional perspective view of the ratchet (7). The ratchet (7) is in direct contact with said revolver (6) and said knob (9). Specifically, the shift ratchet (43) is in contact with said knob (9), while the ratchet pin (44) fixes the position of the rotation of the knob (9) to said revolver (6).

Thus, when turning said knob (9), the revolver (6) is rotated in consequence of the rotation of the ratchet (7), so that the revolver (6) is released, causing the fluid contained within the upper chamber (41) of the diffuser sub-assembly (5) is released. With this fluid release, the pressure in the lower chamber (40) is released, and by effect of the mechanical force of the spring (4), the diffuser sub-assembly (5) is again moved to fill the lower chamber (40). ) and the upper chamber (41). That is, when it is released from fluid in the lower chamber (40), it. Subsequent step is to move the sub-assembly diffuser (5) by means of the mechanical force of the spring (4), thus releasing fluid from the sub-assembly needle (3) for said chamber. lower (40) is refilled again, as afterwards the upper chamber (41) is filled, pressurized to both chambers (40, 41) and by effect of the resulting force the diffuser sub-assembly (5) is displaced again, thus sealing the passage of the fluid with the plug (42). These steps are repeated as many times as necessary, as long as the knob is in an open position and said lower chamber (40) is empty. When the position of the knob is closed, the hole is blocked, thus closing the passage of fluid and leaving only fluid in the upper chamber (41). By turning the knob (9), the revolver (6) is indirectly rotated by means of the ratchet (7), so that the revolver (6) is able to control the fluid flow coming from the diffuser subassembly (5) , when unblocking the hole, thus producing the fluid outlet.

In figure 10 the revolver (6) is shown. The revolver is designed to be face to face with the diffuser sub-assembly (5). Specifically, the lower part (45) of the revolver (6) must have substantially the same diameter as the upper chamber (41) of the diffuser sub-assembly (5). As mentioned above, when turning the knob (9), the revolver (6) is indirectly rotated, thus unblocking the borehole and the passage of the fluid towards the borehole.

The upper part (46) of the revolver (6) can contain at least one slit (47) or flat part, in which the contact with the ratchet (7) is fixed, specifically with the inner part (48) of said ratchet ( 7), thus ensuring that when turning said knob (9), said ratchet (7) and consequently said revolver (6) is rotated.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure regulator (1). The needle sub-assembly (3) is coupled with the pressure regulator (1) forming part thereof, this coupling being preferably by means of threads, or a similar means, wherein the needle sub-assembly (3) is Removable from the pressure regulator (1) and consequently interchangeable.

Upon passing the fluid through the needle sub-assembly (3), and consequently through the filter (37), the fluid passes through an inner tube (18) between said needle sub-assembly (3) and the diffuser sub-assembly ( 5). Said inner tube (18) is directly connected to the pressure gauge (8), as well as on its opposite side, said tube (18) is connected to the fusible plug (12). This fusible plug (12) contains a mechanical and thermal seal, capable of actuating said seal of said fusible plug (12) when the fluid pressure exceeds the determined pressure of the fluid inside the cylinder (30), or is operated when a temperature is exceeded. of the fluid coming from the cylinder (30) thus releasing pressure from the internal fluid. In the same way, said inner tube (18) is connected to the diffuser sub-assembly (5). Said inner tube (18) forms a kind of interconnection between the needle sub-assembly (3), the fusible plug (12), the pressure gauge (8) and the diffuser sub-assembly (5) ..

As mentioned above, when the fluid reaches the diffuser sub-assembly (5), the first lower chamber (40) receives the fluid. The fluid arrives by means of a hole (19) located in the lower part of said lower chamber (40). In this lower chamber (40) is the diffuser plug (42). After the plug (42) passes, the fluid reaches the upper chamber (41). When there is fluid in both; cameras (40, 41), by effect of the resulting force, the diffuser sub-assembly (5) overcomes the mechanical force of the spring (4) and moves towards the hole (19) and seals the passage of the fluid with said plug ( 42), causing the fluid flow to close. The fluid that had already passed before sealing said plug (42) remains in the upper (41) and lower (40) chamber. When the passage to the fluid is opened by the knob (9), the fluid is dislodged from the lower chamber (40) so that the resulting force is less than the force of the spring (4), moving the spring (4) to the sub-assembly diffuser (5) and the lower chamber (40) being refilled. When both chambers (40, 41) are full of fluid again, the resultant force is greater than the force of the spring (4), causing the diffuser sub-assembly (5) to move back to the hole (19), sealing again the passage to the fluid towards the chambers (40, 41).

When the fluid (41) is in the upper chamber (41), and when the knob (9) is in a closed position, the fluid has no movement, since a hole is blocked by said revolver (6). When said fluid is in the upper chamber (41) and when in an open position the knob (9) the fluid has movement, since the hole is unlocked by said revolver (6). More specifically, when said knob (9) is rotated, said revolver (6) is indirectly rotated, so that it is capable of locking or unlocking, by means of rotation in a preferably threaded medium, an auger, in order to restrict or release it the passage of the fluid towards the picha (10).

The movement of the revolver (6) is explained with greater punctuality in figures 12 to 16.

Figure 12 is a rear view, facing the inside, of the pressure regulator. In this figure you can see the fusible plug (12). As can be seen from said figure, the needle sub-assembly (3) is not present.

Figure 13 is a side view of the cut along the lines CC of Figure 12. Said Figure 13 is similar to Figure 11, however, as mentioned above, the needle sub-assembly (3) is not present in the pressure regulator (1).

Figure 14 is a top cut along the lines A-A '. In said figure it is possible to observe the upper part of the ratchet (7) which is substantially flat.

Figure 15 is a longitudinal section along lines BB ', while figure 16, like 15, is a detailed view of the interaction between the sub-assembly diffuser (5), the hole (19) and the inner tube (18) in closed and open passage positions respectively. Specifically, when the chambers (40, 41) are full, the resultant force of the two chambers is greater than the force of the spring (4), so the hole (19), which is subject to the sub-assembly diffuser ( 5) is not in contact with the inner tube (18). When the lower chamber (40) is emptied, the resulting force of the two chambers is less than the force of the spring (4), so that the diffuser sub-assembly (5) moves on an axis coincident with that of the internal tube (18). ) and the hole (19) is inserted inside the inner tube (18), moving the plug (42) allowing the passage of fluid from the inner tube to the lower chamber (40) by means of the hole (19). Therefore, the diffuser plug (42) must be a seal made of polytetrafluoroethylene, a perfluoroalkoxy polymer resin, a fluorinated propylene-ethylene or a similar material, which can allow the easy sliding of the hole (19) and the plug (42).

Figures 17 to 20 are different views of the pressure regulator (1). Specifically, figure 17 is a front / left side view of the pressure regulator where it is possible to observe the pressure gauge (8) and the pin (10) through which fluid will be released towards the outside of the cylinder (30) 'and regulator ( 1). In the same way, it can be observed that not all the sub-assembly needle (3) is housed inside the regulator (1).

Figure 18 is a rear view of the regulator (1) assembled to the cylinder (30), wherein said pin (10) as well as the fusible plug (12) are observed to release excess pressure and temperature inside the cylinder.

Figure 19 is a view of the cylinder (30) and regulator (1) fully assembled. As stated above, the pin (10) is the means of connection between the fluid flow and the tube (35) that eventually leads to possibly a mask.

Figure 20 is a side view of the regulator. In said view, an orifice (49) is observed. Said hole (49) is used for relief for overpressure in the lower chamber (40), which is the low pressure regulating chamber.

Figures 21 to 24 are the steps for assembling said cylinder (30) with said pressure regulator. Initially, in Figure 21 the cylinder is filled to a maximum pressure. Depending on the capacities of the cylinder a different PSI number. it can be obtained. In figure 22, it is verified that the position of the knob (9) is off. In Figure 23 the pressure regulator (1) is introduced into the valve (20) and rotated in some predetermined direction, preferably clockwise, until the pressure gauge (8) indicates a pressure. Finally, in figure 24 it is verified that there is no leakage between the pressure regulator (1) and the valve (20) of the cylinder (30).

Finally in figure 25 a filling connector (50) specially designed for the present application is shown. The filling connector (50), which must only have the authorized filling centers, connects the cylinder (30) with a cascade filling system consisting of several cylinders in series, from which the fluid is fed by pressure difference towards the empty cylinder (30). This connector has a needle (51) for opening the check valve and allowing the fluid to flow into the cylinder (30) to be filled.

It should be noted that there are alternative ways to implement the present invention. According to the foregoing, the present embodiments and examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention should not be limited to the details given herein, but may be modified within the scope and equivalents of any issued claim (s). from the present. All applications and patents cited in the present are incorporated herein in their entirety.

Claims

1. A fluid pressure regulator insertable on a valve in a fluid container, the fluid pressure regulator comprises: a knob to allow and regulate the flow of fluid; a ratchet interconnected to said knob; a revolver interconnected to said ratchet, wherein said ratchet controls the position of said revolver and wherein said revolver controls the flow of fluid by means of blocking a hole; a sub-assembly diffuser that controls the passage of the fluid towards said revolver by means of a seal and at least two cameras; a spring for controlling the displacement of said diffuser sub-assembly; Y a needle sub-assembly interconnected with said diffuser sub-assembly to allow the exit of the fluid from said valve; wherein when said at least two chambers contain fluid, the diffuser sub-assembly is capable of * overcoming the mechanical force of the spring and moving towards said needle sub-assembly sealing the passage of the fluid with said seal; Y wherein when said at least one of said two chambers does not contain fluid, the sub-assembly diffuser is not able to overcome the mechanical force of the spring allowing the passage of the fluid towards said at least one of said two chambers that does not contain fluid.

2. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein seal of said diffuser sub-assembly is a seal made with polytetrafluoroethylene, a perfluoroalkoxy polymer resin, a fluorinated propylene-ethylene or a similar material.

3. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein between the needle sub-assembly and said diffuser sub-assembly, a pressure meter and a fusible plug are interconnected by means of a tube, where said fusible plug contains a seal mechanical and thermal, able to actuate when the pressure of the fluid exceeds the determined pressure of the fluid inside the fluid container or when a certain temperature of the fluid is exceeded inside the fluid container and where said borehole allows the passage of fluid towards a emitting valve.

4. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein a body with a hollow interior is capable of housing said spring, said diffuser sub-assembly, said ratchet, said revolver and partially said needle sub-assembly.

5. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein the regulator is removable from said fluid container and said valve by a threaded means.

6. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein the needle sub-assembly comprises a needle and a filter.

7. The regulator according to claim 6, wherein the filter is a sintered metal filter whose material is selected from bronze, brass, aluminum, copper and steel, to filter the fluid extracted from said fluid container and prevent the entry of contaminating particles and / or dirt inside the diffuser sub-assembly.

8. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein the needle sub-assembly "is removable by a threaded means from the rest of the regulator parts.

9. The regulator according to claim 1, wherein said at least two chambers, are two chambers, a first upper chamber and a second lower chamber, wherein said first upper chamber has a larger dimension to said lower chamber.

10. The regulator according to claim 9, wherein the lower part of said revolver has substantially the same diameter as the upper chamber of said diffuser sub-assembly.

11. The regulator according to claim 9, wherein said plug is displaceably within the lower chamber.

12. A needle sub-assembly to be used in a fluid pressure regulator insertable over a valve in a fluid container and to allow fluid exit from said valve, wherein the needle sub-assembly comprises: a needle and a filter, wherein the filter is a sintered metal filter whose material is selected from bronze, brass, aluminum, copper and steel, to filter the fluid extracted from said fluid container and prevent the entry of contaminating particles and / or dirt inside the sub-assembly diffuser.

13. The needle sub-assembly according to claim 12, wherein the needle sub-assembly is removable by a threaded means from the rest of the regulator parts.

14. A method to regulate and administer a fluid that comes from a fluid container with a valve by means of a pressure regulator, the method comprises: regulate the flow of a fluid by means of a knob; control the position of a revolver by means of a rattle; control the flow of fluid by blocking a hole with said revolver; controlling the passage of fluid to said revolver by means of a seal and at least two chambers in a displaceable diffuser sub-assembly; controlling the displacement of said diffuser sub-assembly by means of a spring; allowing the exit of the fluid from said valve by means of a needle sub-assembly interconnected with said diffuser sub-assembly; sealing the passage of the fluid by overcoming the mechanical force of the spring and displacing said diffuser sub-assembly towards said needle sub-assembly when said at least two chambers contain fluid; Y to allow the passage of the fluid to said at least one of said two chambers when at least one of said two chambers does not contain fluid.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the method further comprises the steps of; operating a fusible plug containing a mechanical and thermal seal when the fluid pressure exceeds the determined pressure of the fluid within the fluid container or when a certain temperature of the fluid is exceeded within the fluid container.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the method further comprises filtering, by means of a syrinized metal filter whose material is selected among brass, brass, aluminum, copper and steel, the fluid extracted from said fluid container and preventing the entry of contaminating particles and / or dirt into the interior of the diffuser sub-assembly .

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the method additionally accomplishes disassemble the regulator from the fluid container by a threaded means; Y disassemble the sub-assembly needle by. a half threaded from the rest of the regulator parts.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the method further comprises move said token inside a lower chamber.