GENERATOR PLANT COMPRISING A CONDENSATION INSTALLATION FOR THE CONDENSATION OF WATER VAPOR The invention relates to a generating plant with a condensation installation in accordance with the characteristics presented in a general manner in the patent claim 1. Condensation installations are used for the cooling of turbines and processes and, in the field of power generation technology are used in very large sizes for many years. The effectiveness of a generating plant depends significantly on the condensation performance of the condensation installation, and the local climatic conditions and the wind speeds related to them as well as the wind directions have an important influence on the condensation performance. The present forms of construction of the condensation installations therefore have wind protection walls surrounding the heat exchanger elements in their entirety in order to prevent a re-circulation of the heated cooling air. It is also important that all fans of the condensation installation receive the most regular current possible. Natural high wind speeds can lead to a local drop in pressure below the fans. Affected fans can not supply enough cooling air so the condensation performance is reduced and the performance of a turbine integrated in the steam circulation circuit can be reduced in certain circumstances. The other extreme is that, in certain circumstances, the condensation installation is to leeward in relation to the construction structures, especially to leeward in relation to the boiler housing and turbine housing of a generating plant. Usually a condensation installation is installed as close as possible, that is to say in immediate vicinity of the turbine housing in order to keep the pipe path short and to obtain the fastest possible condensation of water vapor. However, in order to ensure an optimum flow, the condensation installations are already placed relatively high in such a way that an essentially unimpeded flow of all sides can be allowed, ie irrespective of the wind direction. In practice, however, it has been shown that in the case of condensation installations whose suction area is below the downwind fans of the building structures, a re-circulation of hot air may occur and especially there in where the air flowing through the free space that remains between the construction structure and the high-condensation installation based on the local transverse narrowing flows with a higher relative velocity down and under the elements of the heat exchanger. This can lead to the undesired effect that, in spite of having wind protection walls, the heated cooling air is carried away by the cooling air flow and transported under the heat exchanger elements, that is to say, it is carried out a re-circulation of hot air. By increasing the temperature of the cooling air, the condensation performance is reduced, which in turn is detrimental to the effectiveness of the generating plant. Based on the foregoing, the object of the present invention is to provide a generating plant with a condensation installation for the condensation of water vapor in accordance with the characteristics generally presented in patent claim 1, wherein the re-circulation of hot air. The solution is provided through a generating plant with the features of patent claim 1. Useful embodiments of the present invention are offered in the sub-claims. Extensive investigations have shown that the problem in question of the re-circulation of hot air can be solved in a particularly economical way when the construction structures that are close to the condensation installation present wind passages in the form of a tunnel through which the cooling air flows and / or is sucked under the heat exchanger elements. The wind passages are especially contemplated in turbine housings and do not require the construction of any separate structure. It is important that the clearances between the boiler housings are open in such a way that the air flowing near the floor between the boiler housings can flow in the wind passages of the turbine housing and in such a way that it does not have to follow exclusively the longest trajectory and that presents a danger of re-circulation on the roofs of the boiler and turbine housing, but can reach directly from below to the suction area of the condensation installation. The dimensions, ie especially in size, of the wind passages are determined in accordance with the requirements and taking into account the local wind conditions, the climatic conditions as well as additional influence in such a way that it can be assured that the condensation installation work without re-circulation at determined wind speeds even when the condensation installation is to leeward in relation to the construction structures of the generating plant. With the solution in accordance with the present invention it is possible to better fulfill the guarantee commitments, for example, when the operator of the generating plant is required to operate the condensation installation without re-circulation even in the case of speeds of wind of more than 3 m / s. The size of the condensation installation can not be determined from an analytical study due to the complex circulation conditions but only through numerical calculation methods, with the help of a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) procedure it is possible to compare several models and Arrangements of construction structures and analyze in this way local conditions that can only be determined difficult or can not be determined through measurements. Based on the large number of parameters and the magnitude of the new constructions of today's generating plants, remarkably complex calculation models are obtained, and frequently only through these can be located the known problems of hot air recirculation. Obviously it is always possible to place very high wind protection walls laterally relative to the heat exchanger elements in such a way that the heated cooling air can not in any way be mixed with the suctioned cooling air. However, the investment costs in the case of the construction of modern generating plants are high in such a way that economic alternatives and support measures must be sought. Through wind passages in previously closed construction structures, not only new streamlines for the cooling air supply are opened, but also effective possibilities to reduce the influence of wind on the effectiveness of a generating plant with comparative investments little.
It is considered useful when considering portals for wind in order to modify the cross current surface of the wind passages. The width of the wind passages is frequently a necessity indicated by the conditions of the construction. Distances often can not be modified much. However, through wind doors you can accurately control the amount of air that must be carried by the wind passages. The doors for the wind are generally fully open to allow an unobstructed entry of the air flow. On the contrary it is also possible to close at least partially the doors for the wind when the wind speed is too high or when the direction of the wind has changed. Especially the wind doors can be connected to means for controlling the transverse flow surface independently of the wind direction. For example, it can be a disadvantage when not the condensation installation but the boiler and turbine housings are to leeward. In this case it is convenient to keep the wind doors closed in order to form a certain accumulation of pressure under the heat exchanger element, this pressure can be raised by closing the doors for the wind. Finally, it is decisive that the condensation installation can "breathe", that is to say that, independently of the direction of the wind, cooling air flows around it in such a way that a recirculation of hot air is avoided. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the modality illustrated in the drawings in which: Figures 1 and 2 are two perspective representations of a plant model in accordance with the state of the art; Figures 3 and 4 are two perspective representations of a generating plant model in accordance with a solution of the present invention; Figure 5 is a model showing the relationship of currents in the case of a generating plant in accordance with the state of the art. Figure 6 is a model showing the circulation conditions in the case of a generating plant in accordance with the present invention. Figure 1 shows a calculation model of a generating plant 1 with a condensation installation 2 for the condensation of water vapor, wherein the condensation installation 2 is fed from the turbine housing 3. The turbine housing 3 is placed in front of a boiler housing 4. The turbine housing 3 and the boiler housing 4 are known globally as building structures of the generating plant. The wind direction W is represented by a drawn arrow. The wind speed reaches, for example, 7 m / s. On the basis of the different shades, the evolution of the temperature of the heated cooling air leaving the heat exchanger elements 5 can be recognized, wherein the area within the circle is of special interest. It is recognized that apparently a part of the cooling air heated again from below in the heat exchanger elements 5 enters in the area of the longitudinal side near the turbine housing 3 and the boiler housing 4 of the condensing installation 2. This phenomenon is recognized by the illustrated temperature drop of the cooling air.
In this case, despite the presence of protective walls against the wind, a recirculation of the heated air occurs.
From Figure 2 it is clearly seen from the lines of illustrated streams that the recirculation of heated air occurs not only in the circle corner area of the illustrated condensation installation but also in the leeward zone behind the housings of boiler and turbine 3, 4. Figure 5 shows the reason for this situation. The arrows drawn in figure 5 clearly show the local direction of the wind. The length of the arrow represents the magnitude of the local wind speed. The generating plant 1 receiving currents from the right of the figure presents a condensation installation 2 that is located to leeward in relation to the construction structure of a generating plant, that is, of the boiler housing 4 and especially the turbine housing 3. Even when the condensation installation 2 is raised, the spatial closeness of the turbine housing 4 causes the wind flowing from the right to the level of the figure to be sucked through a relatively narrow zone below the elements of the heat exchanger 5 of the condensation installation 2. The high number and density of individual arrows in this area clearly indicate that relatively high wind speeds occur. These high wind speeds also mean that the hot air leaving the elements of the heat exchanger 5 is drawn and flows again under the condensation installation 2, also laterally in relation to the condensation installation 2 in the Circulated area. Within the framework of the present invention it is contemplated that the construction structure that creates the leeward, that is, in this case, the turbine housing 3, present wind passages 6 in the form of a tunnel, through which cooling air it flows and / or is sucked under the heat exchanger elements 5. Figure 3 shows that the turbine housing no longer constitutes any barrier to the cooling air flowing between the turbine housing 4, but instead offers a wind passage 6 which is connected through a wind door 7 indicated phantomly with the suction zone below the condensation installation 2. The wind passage 6 is almost a tunnel through the turbine housing 3. Theoretical way it would be conceivable that the turbine housing is divided into individual sections in such a way that each individual section is adapted to buildings one after the other. However, the global used infrastructure should not be interrupted. Especially if the use of a sliding crane is taken into account, the lower tunnel formation presents an economically advantageous solution. The representation of figure 4 shows that the wind passages 6 open below the heat exchanger elements 5 placed in a supporting construction 8 of the condensation installation 2 in such a way that the air coming from the wind passages 6 It does not have to be completely sucked on the roofs of the turbine housing 3 and the boiler housing 4, but it can also be fed directly through the wind passages 6 of the condensation installation 2. Based on FIG. 6, it is recognized that, in a cross section through the wind passage 6 an important part of the cooling air sucked in or flowing from the condensation installation 2 is fed through the wind passage 6. This part is at least so large that in the zone illustrated in Figure 5, no recirculation of hot air occurs and therefore the efficiency of the generating plant is not affected in any way.
Reference numbers: 1- Generating plant 2- Condensation installation 3- Turbine housing 4- Boiler housing 5- Heat exchanger element
6- Wind passage 7- Wind door 8- Support construction W- Wind direction