MX2007016232A - Improved seat frame having an improved structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved seat frame which is characterised in that it comprises a back and a base zone or seat. The inventive frame comprises:a slip-resistant zone (4), a hole or perforation (2) in the base of the frame, a groove which extends along the upper part of the back of the seat frame and which forms part of the main handle (3), two longitudinal grooves which extend vertically along the lateral parts of the sides and which form part of the side handles (1), and two connecting supports which are encased in the seat frame.

Description

ENHANCED CHAIR HOUSING WITH IMPROVED STRUCTURE OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed generally to the field of carcass for chairs which present improvements that increase their technical performance and also can present an improved structure, especially this invention is directed to the field of carcass for public service car seats.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION. The first means of transport of passengers used carcass for chairs in rigid materials such as wood that were gradually replaced by medium flexible materials such as feathers that provided the user comfort for a moderately long journey. With the appearance of flexible foam, a technological change began where comfort and ergonomics were its main objective. From this moment on, different types of carcass for chairs with metal frames and fiberglass frames that supported the foam were developed, unfortunately this type of chair casing is frequently attacked by vandalism (scratches with marker, spheroid or cut foams with sharp objects), deteriorating the durability and internal appearance of the passenger vehicle.

In industrialized countries such as Germany and Spain, they copied the traditional shell concepts for foam chairs and shaped them into thermoplastic transformation processes, initially obtaining a carcass for chairs with the traditional square appearance on the back and seat. The companies that were strengthened in the mid-nineties with this new application are called Grammer Industrie GmbH with the "Compact" model, Esteban Integral Seat System with the "Urban 90" model and Vogel Industrie GmbH with the "Pino" model. When producing seats by means of this technique there is variation in the back angle caused in the cooling cycle, since a process of dimensional contraction is initiated causing the movement. At the time of installing the conventional support to the housing is the drawback that is not properly coupled to the back, having to manually modify piece by piece increased installation time and incurring additional costs. On the other hand, cleaning is facilitated, which is a factor of great importance with respect to the internal aspect and hygiene of passenger transport vehicles. For this reason the vehicles are washed with water, generating the inconvenience of storing or sequestering residual waters at the base of the seat after being washed with different detergents and water, contributing to the anticipated deterioration thereof and generating large losses of mechanical strength of the resin with which the seat is made. In the same way the interior of said Vehicles are designed only for people of medium and high stature, a person of short stature or a child can not stand safely inside the vehicle as there is usually only one (1) vertical railing tube for this application and the carcasses for chairs previously named do not have an extra grip mechanism. At the time of emergence of an emergency stop these people are the ones who suffer the greatest amount of damages and bodily injuries. Finally, during the process of elaboration of the casing for chair casing, more exactly, during the setting of the polymeric material, the angles between the base of the seat and the backrest were varied with respect to the angle given to them in the mold, generating problems at the time of installation, as it does not coincide with the previously arranged supports; generating difficulties in the assembly of the chair casing and therefore cost overruns.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is directed to a chair casing which presents improvements that increase its technical performance and, in addition, can present an improved structure that solves the problems of the state of the art. Said housing that can be manufactured in various thermoplastic materials or special alloys of materials (Example: Fiberglass - resins and additives resins, among others), by means of traditional transformation processes. This carcass for chair avoids the anticipated deterioration due to vandalism effects (with marker, spherical sharps, etc.). reason for the much greater hardness of its material and consequent greater resistance to tearing, added to the fact that any mole of stain on this material can be more easily removed with the right substances, unlike what happens with the materials made on the basis of of foam. This chair housing has a drainage system that prevents discoloration and loss of mechanical resistance due to the effects of sewage from the wastewater. It is possible to reduce the amount of damage and bodily injury in children and people of short stature by having built-in side handles. With its ergonomic design and the non-slip surfaces, the user adheres to the chair frame. The chair frame has a perforation (s) on the right and left side of the backrest called "Side grip handle", which are used mainly for holding children and short people. Optionally, in this chair casing the metal supports are inserted or embedded before the injection process, which in the case casings for chairs of the state of the art went separately, thus achieving that in said casings for chair casing are minimized or still disappear the variations of the angle between the base of the chair and the back that were generated during the consolidation of the casing thanks to that said special support that is embedded internally in the casing works as a skeleton that prevents the free mobility of the casing for chair to consolidate. In this way, time and indirect costs of installing this chair shell to the structure within a vehicle. In addition, the chair casing can have another additional hole in the sides of the backrest that can be used as an immobilization mechanism by means of belts or safety harnesses. In the upper part of the back there is a wide perforation that forms the main clamping handle. In the intermediate part of the base of the pool, there is a perforation that functions as a drain and as an anchoring point for the installation of a harness or safety belt. This drainage makes it possible to effectively eliminate the sewage of wastewater or chemical substances that are used for washing and which attack the material, resin or polymeric material with which the chair casing is manufactured and which rapidly deteriorate the external and internal appearance of the casing. Case . At present the carcasas for chair that do not present this drain, suffer from accelerated aging, that is to say, there are areas with marked discoloration. The chair casing can have a non-slip surface (s) on the chair casing as well as on the backrest in order to mitigate the inertial forces generated, for example, with unexpected braking.

BRIEF DESCRIBE OF THE DRAWINGS. Figure No.1 is the isometric of the conventional support of the state of the art. The Figures Nos. 2 and 3 correspond to the side view and front view of the conventional support of the state of the art.

Figure No.4 is the isometric view of a mold cavity of the state of the art. Figure No.5 is a view of approach of the mold of the state of the art. Figure No. 6 is the side view of two joint carcasses for chairs in which the difference in angle can be appreciated by setting. Figure No. 7 is the rear view of the assembly of the conventional supports with the chair housing of the state of the art. Figure No.8 is the exploded view of the assembly of two saddle covers, including the respective conventional supports and the fixing structure according to a state of the art assembly process. Figure No.9 is the front view of the new developed support of the invention. Figure No. 1 0 is the side view of the previous support. Figure No.1 1 is an isometric view of the positioning of the new support within the mold. Figure No.1 2 is the approach view of Figure 1 1. Figure No.1 3 is the rear view of the chair frame with the new supports developed. Figure No. 14 is the exploded view of the housing assembly with the internally embedded supports. Figure No.1 5 corresponds to the resistance analysis carried out on conventional support.

Figure No.16 is a detailed view of Figure 15. Figure No. 17 is a comparative view of the displacement caused to the conventional support of the state of the art when applying a load of 875 Newton. Figure No. 18 corresponds to the resistance analysis carried out on the new developed support of the invention. Figure No. 19 is an approach view of Figure 18. Figure No. 20 is a comparative view of the displacement caused to the new support developed by applying a load of 875 Newtons. Figure No. 21 is the isometric view of the first carcass form for chair. Figure No. 22 is the front view of Figure 21. Figure No. 23 corresponds to the rear view of the first embodiment of the invention. Figure No. 24 is the side view of Figure 23. Figure No. 25 is the front view of the second embodiment of a carcass for a chair. Figure No. 26 is the side view of Figure 25. Figure No. 27 is the isometric view of the second embodiment of the invention. Figure No.28 is the side view of the third embodiment of the invention. Figure No. 29 is the side view of Figure 28.

Figure No. 30 is the top view of the third embodiment of the invention. Figure No. 31 is the isometric view of Figure 30. Figure No. 32 is the front view of the fourth embodiment of the invention. Figure No. 33 is the side view of Figure 32. Figure No. 34 is the top view of the fourth embodiment of the invention. Figure No. 35 is the isometric view of Figure 34. Figure No. 36 is a top view in detail of the fourth embodiment of a chair housing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION With reference to Figure No. 1, there can be seen a conventional metallic support of the state of the art that serves as a union between the chair casing and the structure, this has four perforations where the respective connecting screws between said support and the housing pass in order to fix it to it. During the assembly of said metallic support to said casing, according to the method of the state of the art, said support is fixed to the casing, which did not have any element that causes rigidity, by means of said connecting screws but counting with the disadvantage that said casing in the absence of said element that originates rigidity can vary freely during the time of consolidation or setting of the casing after the process of injection of polymeric material during the process of manufacturing the casing. As a consequence of this, said shells upon consolidation varied the original angles found in the mold between the base of said saddle casing and the back of the same, subsequently causing problems when assembling said casing to said metallic support when it was in the stage of assembly of the chairs in the vehicle generating delays represented in trying to manually accommodate said housings to the metallic supports that possessed the appropriate angles to fit with said housings according to the angles established in the molds. These delays generated cost overruns. Referring now to Figure No.2 and Figure No. 3, the side and front views, respectively, of the state of the art support shown in Figure No. 1 can be seen therein. With reference to Figure No. 4 can be seen an isometric view of the mold with which the first embodiment of the housing of the present invention is made where the body of the mold (8) and the metal fixing inserts (hexagonal nuts) (9) are indicated previously housed in said mold to then proceed to the injection of the polymeric material. Referring now to Figure No. 5, an enlarged view of Figure 4 above can be seen, where the metallic inserts (hexagonal nuts) designated by number 9 are more closely observed (in an enlarged manner), these nuts are Place manually by means of a metal pin that is part of the mold.

In relation to Figure No. 6, a side view of two carcasses is seen where the difference in the angle between the back and the base of the chair originated during the cooling or setting stage of the polymer is compared. This effect occurs in the carcasses for carcass for chairs of the state of the art and in the modalities that do not have insert to the metallic support that give additional rigidity to said casing for chair. Therefore, the carcasses for carcass for chairs that lift the metal support embedded inside the carcass still have a greater technical advantage over the others. Referring now to FIG. No. 7, the manner in which the conventional metal supports designated by numbers 6 and 7 are to be fixed to the chair housing according to the method of the prior art can be observed. In Figure No. 8, an explosive view of a carcass for a carcass for a saddle of the first mode designated by the number 1, the conventional connection support of Figure No. 1 designated by the numbers 2 to 5 and the structure related by the number 6. Said chair casing consists of a backrest and a base or seat area, this chair casing is made of a polymeric material which can be any polymeric material suitable for this purpose but which preferably is polyethylene high density Said chair shell has high density polyethylene. Said casing for chair has a non-slip design in this case a corrugated that is not seen in the drawing, it also has a hole or perforation that prevents any liquid substance from accumulating on it. the base of the carcass for the chair that is part of the main handle and two longitudinal grooves that move vertically in the lateral parts of the sides that are part of the lateral clamping handles. The hardness of the material used makes notoriously the attempts of vandalism actions with cuts and, in addition, it facilitates notoriously the cleaning of these when they have been scratched with ballpoint pen or marker. On the other hand, the orifice prevents liquid substances such as water or other substances that could be used for the cleaning of these or even other substances that could be spilled accidentally can be accumulated on the base of the chair casing. With reference to Figure No. 9, the front view of the new joining support using the other three embodiments of the invention is appreciated, where the details number 1 and number 2 corresponding to threaded holes through which the screw of union that will attach the carcass of chair carcass to the base structure which in turn is attached to the body of the vehicle. In addition, the detail 3 corresponding to a fixing extender which aims to achieve greater adherence, of the opera support as a skeleton of said chair frame with the polymeric substance that is injected to manufacture the chair casing and finally appreciated, is appreciated. the detail 4 corresponding to the cross section of the metal support which, as can be seen, has an I-profile or rail-type in order to achieve the necessary adhesion between said support and said polymeric material forming said casing. The support is completely embedded inside the chair casing giving it necessary stiffness which prevents the angle between the back and the base of the chair casing that is given in the mold to the casing of the chair casing from being changed and that if it occurs in the modality that does not carry it and the other carcasses for chairs of the state of the art. Referring now to Figure No. 1 0 this is the side view l of the support of Figure No. 9, in this figure detail 1 and detail 2 show the threaded hole where the union screw between housing and structure will be located . It is important to note that this support is manufactured in any material that meets the technical requirements necessary for this application as polymeric materials, wood or metal, metal being the preferred material. Regarding Figure No. 1 1 this is an isometric view of the mold to be used in the fourth mode. In this figure it is indicated with the number 8 the body of the mold and with the number 10 the metal support of Figure No. 9 located inside the mold, which will subsequently be part of the housing for the chair. Figure No.12 is an extension of Figure 1 1, in this you can see the initial end of the metal support indicated by the number 1 0 and the body of the mold indicated with the number 8. Figure No. 13 is a view posterior of the isometric of Figure 1 1 where the joining brackets (numerals 6 and 7) are embedded inside the chair housing and where you can see the face of the structure in "I" or rail type that is in sight in this part later. This type of embedded support is used for embodiments two, three and four of the invention. Figure No. 14 is the explosive view of the assembly between the casing of the second, third and fourth modality indicated by numeral 1 that includes the metal supports of Figure No. 9 and the structure designated by numeral 6 where appreciate each of the parties involved and the possibility of directly joining the chair casing that already has the support embedded or embedded within the chair casing directly to the support structure that fixes it to the vehicle thus saving economy both in materials such as in the process of joining the car seat to the vehicle. Figure No. 1 5 is equivalent to the computer simulated engineering and stress analysis (CAE) of the conventional metallic support of Figure 1 between the housing and the structure. 875 Newtons of load have been applied to this support. In this it is observed that the greater concentration of efforts is located in the elbow of the piece, that is to say, the zone where the same one can fail. Figure No. 16 is a detailed view of the result of the stress analysis carried out on the support mentioned in Figure 1 5, where an approach to the zone of possible failure can be seen. Figure No. 1 7 is a side view of the result of the displacement analysis of the conventional support. The mesh without variation of tone that is observed is the original position of the support without application of any load where the displacement levels originated by said load are appreciated.

Figure No. 1 8 is the side view of the stress analysis of the new joint support of Figure No. 9. For this analysis, a load of 875 Newtons has been applied. Figure No. 1 9 is a detailed view or approach of stress analysis of the new support. In this region, the greatest amount of effort is concentrated. Figure No. 20 is a side view of the result of the displacement analysis of the new support. The mesh without variation of tone that is observed is the original position of the support without application of any load where the displacement levels originated by said load are appreciated. In Figure No. 21 the first embodiment of saddle casing is observed in detail, wherein this saddle casing is made of a polymeric material which can be any polymer material suitable for this purpose but which preferably is high density polyethylene. Said casing for chair has an anti-slip design in this case a corrugated that is not seen in the drawing, it also has a hole or perforation that prevents any liquid substance from accumulating on the base of the casing for the chair it has, a slot that It runs along the upper part of the back of the chair shell and is part of the main handle and two longitudinal grooves that move vertically on the side parts of the sides that are part of the right and left side handles. The hardness of the material used makes evident the attempts of vandalism actions with cuts, and, In addition, it makes it easier to clean them when they have been scratched with a ballpoint pen or marker. On the other hand, the orifice prevents liquid substances such as water or other substances that could be used for cleaning them or even other substances that could accidentally spill, can accumulate on the base of the chair casing. The numeral 1 highlights the lateral clamping handles, the numeral 2 indicates the drainage hole and the numeral 3 identifies the main clamping handle. On the other hand, Figures Nos. 22, 23 and 24 correspond to the front, rear and side view of the first embodiment for the chair frame of the invention. This is the only fashion of the invention that employs the conventional metallic support which is seen in Figure No. 1 and which is therefore the least used modality of the invention. Figure No. 25 is the front view of the second embodiment of carcass for chair, in this figure there is an anti-slip area (4), in this case said area is located on the left side and right side of the back of the chair casing as shown in the drawing. This area is composed of "geometric variations in relief that help the user to adhere to the housing and prevent its movement when seated." These non-slip areas give greater mechanical resistance to the back of the chair frame. However, this method does not have a non-slip surface at the base of the chair casing. It also has a hole or perforation that prevents any liquid substance from accumulating on the base of the chair casing, it has a slot that runs along the part upper part of the back of the chair casing above which there is the main clamping handle (3) and two longitudinal grooves that make up the left and right lateral clamping handles (1) that move vertically in the lateral parts of the clamps. sides of the back. Figures Nos. 26 and 27 correspond to the side view and an isometric of the previously described embodiment. This embodiment has the new connection bracket illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 of which as already mentioned, embedded in the polymeric material from which the chair casing is made. Figure No. 28 is the third modality of carcass for saddle, in this figure in the numeral 1 the lateral clamping handles are shown and in the lower part of the back to the left and right side there are other handles that have the double function of optionally operate as safety harnesses, the numeral (2) points out the drain hole and the numeral (3) the main clamping handle. With the exception of the previous modalities, this one does not have an anti-slip zone, but as mentioned, it has the option of placing a safety belt or harness. Figures Nos. 29, 30 and 31 correspond to the lateral, superior and isometric view of this modality. This embodiment has the new joint support illustrated in Figures 9 and 10 which, as already mentioned, is embedded in the polymeric material from which the chair casing is made.

Figure No. 32 is the fourth embodiment of the carcass for saddle of the invention in this embodiment shows the anti-slip zone identified with the numeral (4), the upper handle (3) and the side handles (1), as can be seen in the figure and its related figures 33, 34 and 35 that correspond to the lateral view, the top view and the isometric, the anti-slip zone (4) is found on both the left lateral and right lateral sides of the back, similar to the modality two, and additionally this area extends to the entire base of the saddle casing which also gives the chair casing characteristics of greater mechanical resistance to the back and the base of the chair casing. This method, like all the previous ones, has a hole or perforation (2) to prevent the accumulation of liquids, a groove running along the upper back r of the chair housing above which it is located. the main clamping handle (3) and two longitudinal grooves that make up the left and right side clamping handles (1) that are located vertically on the side parts of the sides of the backrest. This embodiment has the new joint support illustrated in figures 9 and 1 0 which, as already mentioned, is embedded in the polymeric material from which the chair casing is made. Figure No. 33 is the side view of this type of housing, where the numeral 1 shows the lateral clamping handle, the numeral 2 the drainage hole, the numeral 3 the main clamping handle, the numeral 4 the areas of a slip and numeral 5 the cavity where the metallic joint support of Figure No.9 is housed. Figure No. 34 the top view for this modality, in this figure the anti-slip zones are marked by the numeral 4 where said zones due to the design of the groove that generates the anti-slip effect also produce a greater mechanical resistance in the back and the base of the chair. Figure No. 35 is the isometric view for the fourth type of chair. This modality corresponds to the preferred modality of the silla. Figure No. 36 is the top view of the previous modality with a possible variation in the base of the carcass for chair where you can see a design in the form of "fishbone" on the center line or shaft of the fishbone the drain hole is located, this in order to facilitate the relaxation of the flow of water or detergents that are used for the washing of the same and to avoid the apozamiento. In relation to the manufacturing process of the chair casing, the extrusion-blowing process of the state of the art can be used. In detail the manufacturing process consists of making the fixation of these housings (extrusion process - blowing) to the respective structure where it is necessary to use eight (8) nuts and two (2) conventional metal supports (See figures No. 1 to 5). These nuts are located inside the mold as a metal insert that sticks to the plastic after the blowing procedure. At the end of this process, the chair's casing is removed from the mold and begins the cooling stage where the piece contracts approximately four percent (4.0%). When it contracts, there may be an angular variation of the back visible to the human eye when placing two pieces laterally. To reduce the time and costs of manufacturing the chair shell through the extrusion-blowing process, the metal support of Figure No. 9 will be used. This support includes two threaded holes that operate or fulfill the function within its configuration. of a nut, eliminating the need to use nuts separately. These supports are located inside the mold as a metallic insert (See figures No.11 and 12) that adhere to the plastic after carrying out the blowing process. The support has a special section in the shape of an I (See figure No.10 Detail 4) that allows the internal walls of the casing to adhere completely to the support. In the same way, the metallic support helps to maintain the angle of inclination of the backrest constant since this is an element that imparts rigidity and produces a restriction to the movement. When comparing the manufacturing method where the fastening system with nuts and conventional support is used independently against the fabrication method with support that includes nuts, a 43% saving in manufacturing costs is found. See Table No.1. Manufacturing Method with Nuts vs. Manufacture with Support that includes Nuts.

Table No.1 Manufacturing Method with Nuts and Conventional Support Vs. Manufacture with Support that includes Nuts.

To ratify the above, a comparative analysis of efforts and displacements of the conventional support of Figure No.1 against the New Union Support of Figure No. 9 was carried out. This analysis was carried out with the help of a finite element software (CAE). ). The data that was used for the simulation analysis appear in table No.2.

Table No.2. Parameters used in the comparative analysis for the simulation of efforts and displacements of the supports.

The results obtained at the stress level for the comparative analysis of the supports appear in table No. 3. It is observed that all the efforts are decreased with the new support approximately in half, the maximum effort decreases from 864 N / mm2 to 483 N / mm2. It can be concluded that the safety factor with the new support approximately doubles, goes from 8.9 to 1. 5.9 improving the useful life of the piece and increasing the reliability for the passenger at the time of an unexpected occurrence or accident. See figures No. 1 5 to 20.

Table No.3. Comparative table of stresses supported by the two support options applying a load of 875 Newton.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described precedents that should be considered only as examples of the present invention and do not have a limiting character thereof. Any variation that a person skilled in the art will consider to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. CLAIMS 1 . An improved chair casing CHARACTERIZED BECAUSE it comprises a backrest and a base or seat area, said casing comprises a zone with non-slip design (4), a hole or perforation (2) in the base of the casing, a slot that runs at length of the upper part of the back of the carcass for the chair that is made up of the main handle (3) and two longitudinal grooves that move vertically in the lateral parts of the sides that are part of the lateral clamping handles (1), two recessed bracket inside the chair housing.
2. 2. The chair housing of claim 1 CHARACTERIZED BY WHERE the material used for its manufacture is polymeric material, mainly high density polyethylene.
3. 3. The chair housing of claim 1 or 2 CHARACTERIZED WHY the area with non-slip design is located exclusively on the left and right lateral sides of the backrest of said chair frame.
4. 4. The chair casing of claims 1 or 2 CHARACTERIZED BECAUSE the area with anti-slip design does not exist but there is an additional hole in the lower left and right sides of the back that are part of another handle that hold the dual function of operating optionally as safety harnesses.
5. 5. The chair housing of claims 1 or 2 is characterized in that the anti-slip design area (4) is located on both the left and right sides of the back and, additionally, this area extends to the entire base of the housing for chair.
6. The chair housing of any of the preceding claims wherein the attachment bracket is characterized by an I-profile or rail-type; threaded holes (1 and 2) through which passes the union screw that will attach the chair housing to the base structure which in turn is attached to the vehicle body; A fixing extender which has the purpose of achieving a greater adhesion, of the opera support as skeleton of said saddle casing with the polymeric substance which is injected to manufacture the casing for chair.
7. 7. An improved saddle casing CHARACTERIZED BECAUSE said saddle casing comprises a back and a base or seat area, has an area with non-slip design (4), also has a hole or perforation (2) additionally, has a slot which runs along the upper part of the back of the chair casing which is made up of the main handle (3) and two longitudinal grooves that move vertically on the side parts of the sides that are part of the lateral clamping handles ( 1 ).
8. 8. The chair casing of claim 9 CHARACTERIZED BECAUSE the material used for its manufacture is polymeric material mainly high density polyethylene.
9. 9. The chair housing of claim 9 or 10 CHARACTERIZED BECAUSE the area with anti-slip design is a corrugated.