ME02709B - Grapevine clone of vranac variety: vranac clone 3 - Google Patents

Abstract

The tendency is to use selected clonal material for cultivation of new vineyards today, sorted and sanitary tested, which makes a very good basis for quality and stable production of grapes and wine. The Ministry of Agriculture of Rural Development of Montenegro, based on the results obtained and the opinion of the Expert Commission and the Phytosanitary Administration, adopted the Decision on the recognition of clone 1 of the Vranac variety, which is an extremely important contribution to the development of viticulture and winemaking not only of Montenegro but of the region and beyond. Vranac clone 1 had higher ocular fertility rate, higher average mass of grapes, higher sugar content in broader, higher total polyphenols in broader population, higher content of total extract in wine, higher content of polyphenols in wine and higher organoleptic evaluation of wine in relation to to the wine of the population. The recognized clone 1 of the Vranac variety has exceeded the population of the variety and will enable the certified production of vine planting material, improving the quality of grapes and wine, which will contribute to the greater affirmation and demand of this quality Montenegrin product.

Description

Technical field to which the invention relates

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, plant production in a broader sense, i.e. breeding - a method of individual selection or clonal selection in a narrower sense, and refers to the selection - selection of clones of the Vranac grape variety in order to improve the agrobiological and economic technological characteristics of the Vranac variety.

A clone means a vegetative offspring of a variety that, according to its characteristics, corresponds to one grape vine selected for its varietal identity, phenotypic characteristics and sanitary status.

Today, selected clonal material is used for raising new vineyard plantings, varietal and sanitary checked, which forms a very good basis for high-quality and stable production of grapes and wine.

Technical problem

The technical problem solved by this invention is the improvement of the Montenegrin autochthonous variety Vranac through recognition of the clone, which in order to be recognized must have certain agrobiological (fertility, cluster structure, ripening...) or economic technological characteristics (sugar content, acid, better wine quality ...) outnumber the variety population. At the same time as raising the mother plants of clones, the basis was created for improving the quality category of planting material - vine cuttings (certified vine cuttings), which are the foundation of stable, economical and successful viticulture and winemaking.

State of the art

The characteristic of old grape varieties is that they show heterogeneity in terms of the expression of their characteristics, which gradually leads to the degradation of the variety and the appearance of a series of biotypes within the population with noticeable differences. That is why, within the framework of old and valued varieties of grapevine, the need for clonal selection arises in order to single out individual vines - clones that carry positive mutations of some economically significant properties. This is especially important for old autochthonous varieties that have been grown in our area since ancient times, such as vranac, kratošija, krusač, žežak and others.

In addition to improving the agrobiological and economic technical properties of Vranc, the clone will also contribute to the preservation of varietal purity, the possibility of its spread, but also to the prevention of falsification of Vranc planting material, which otherwise leads to the degradation of the variety itself, and thus to the impairment of the quality of wine characteristic of the given variety.

Presentation of the essence of the invention

Work on clone selection began in 2004. After conducting visual inspections during the growing season, a single plant was selected within the population of varieties that stood out for its characteristics (quality), its sanitary control, multiplication, planting and monitoring of its agrobiological and economic technological properties were carried out in comparison with the population of the variety.

Separated saplings (individual saplings within the population that stood out for their characteristics) that passed sanitary control were multiplied and planted in order to raise the pre-planting. Thus, a pre-base planting of potential clones of the vranac variety (2008) was raised. After entering the genus clone 1 of the vranac variety, multi-year tests were aimed at monitoring its agrobiological and economic technological characteristics in comparison with the population of the variety.

The processing of grapes and the production of clone and population wine was carried out in the microvinification cellar of the company "13. jul Plantaže" a.d. The produced wines were analyzed and their sensory evaluation was carried out. After many years of tests in the field and laboratory (2010 - 2013), the conditions were met for registering the selected clone for its recognition. In 2014, the studies and the recognition procedure were completed. new - selected clone 1 of the Vranac variety.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Montenegro, as the departmental body responsible for agriculture, and based on the results obtained and the opinion of the Expert Commission and the Phytosanitary Administration, issued a Decision on the recognition of the clone of the Vranac variety under the name Vranac clone 1, which represents an extremely significant contribution to the development of viticulture and winemaking not only of Montenegro, but of the region and beyond.

Detailed description of the invention

At the beginning of the implementation of the project, as a result of visual observations during the growing season, the phenotypically most interesting biotypes (chocots) within the population of varieties were selected. On that occasion, 145 chutneys were separated from the population of the Vranac variety. In cooperation with Italian partners, sanitary control of the separated biotypes was carried out. Control included testing for the presence of grapevine viruses (GFLV, ArMV, GLRaV-1, GLRaV-3, GVA and GFkV) by serological test (ELISA test), molecular diagnostics (PCR method) and biological detection (indexing). The results of the ELISA test and the PCR method were NEGATIVE (without the presence of the mentioned viruses) in the parent scion of clone 1, so it was multiplied and in this way a scion of the pre-basic category of clone 1 was produced.

In the spring of 2008, with the previously obtained planting material (vine cuttings), at the Nikolj church site, on the land that was tested for the presence of harmful nematodes, a collection plant of clone 1 was raised (pre-basic parent plant - also represents a plant for testing a potential clone).

During 2008, the multiplication of the parent stock of clone 1 continued, and in the spring of 2009, the collection pre-basic planting was filled with clone 1.

The competent institutions of the state of Montenegro checked the pre-basic planting material - Vranac kloni produced in our company, and no virus was found in it.

All necessary agrotechnical measures, including chemical protection, were regularly carried out in the collection pre-primary planting. In the pre-primary plantation of Vranca clone 1 in 2010, in addition to regular agrotechnics, genetic and sanitary control of the parent stock and in the pre-primary plantation of clone 1 (created by multiplication of the parent stock), agrobiological and economic technological features of the potential clone 1 were monitored, as well as comparative monitoring of these features in to the Vranac variety population. After regular sanitary control of the clone 1 mother plant, its multiplication in the spring of 2011 supplemented the pre-basic planting of clone 1 and thus the pre-basic planting of clone 1 is continuously supplemented.

In the period from 2010 to 2013, the agrobiological and economic technological characteristics of clone 1 and the population of the Vranac variety were monitored. In our microvinification plant, wines were produced from a potential clone as well as populations of the Vranac variety. The produced wines were analyzed and their sensory evaluation was carried out, and the quality of the wine of clone 1 surpassed the wine of the variety population.

Method of industrial or other application of the invention

"raising new vineyards with high-quality clonal material, which has long been a practice in the world (vineyards are raised with clonal material of the variety and not with the population of the variety) all with the aim of more stable and better quality of wine grapes.

*in production - improvement of the quality category of vine planting material - vine cuttings of the Vranac variety. Thus, for the first time in Montenegro, we will have the opportunity to produce basic and certified vine planting material Vranac clone 1, which is of great importance for the Montenegrin viticulture and winemaking sector. (vineyards in the world are planted with certified planting material and not with standard which has been the practice until now when it comes to the autochthonous variety) *in addition to the preservation of the variety, varietal purity, its quality, the certified clone material of the Vranac variety (Vranac clones) will increase the quality and price of the coils, as well as the greater possibility of their realization outside Montenegro.

Claims (12)

1. The color of the dorsal side of the shoot (Code 007), indicated by the fact that it is green in Vranac clone 3 (score 1) and differs from the Vranac variety population (score 2). 2. The length of tendrils (code 017), indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 it is very long (grade 9) compared to the Vranac variety population - short (grade 3). 3. The size of the mature leaf (Code 065), indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 the leaf is large (score 7) while in the Vranac variety population it is medium (score 5). 4. The degree of openness of the sinus of the petiole (Code 079), indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 it is overlapped (grade 7) compared to the population of the Vranac variety in which it is twisted (grade 6). 5. The fertility coefficient of the eyes, indicated by the fact that it is 1.30 in Vranac clone 3, and -1.04 in the Vranac variety population. 6. The weight of the cluster is greater, indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 - 317.38 g, and in the Vranac variety population - 241.34 g. 7. The yield per plant is high, indicated by the fact that in the Vranac clone it is 3 - 5.87 kg, and in the population of the Vranac variety - 4.09 kg. 8. The tartaric acid content is higher, indicated by the fact that it is 5.04 g/l in Vranac clone 3, and 4.78 g/L in the Vranac variety population. 9. The content of polyphenols is higher, indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 - 0.73 g/L, and in the Vranac variety population - 0.64 g/L. 10. The content of total acids in the wine is higher, indicated by the fact that it is 6.30 g/l in Vranac clone 3, and 5.69 g/L in the Vranac variety population. 11. The content of polyphenols in wine is higher, indicated by the fact that it is 3.27 g/L in Vranac clone 3, and 2.89 g/L in the Vranac variety population. 12. The organo-adhesive evaluation of wine is higher, indicated by the fact that in Vranac clone 3 - 82.86, and in Vranac variety population -81.13.