MD1031Z - Process for the production of entomophage Trichogramma spp. - Google Patents
Process for the production of entomophage Trichogramma spp. Download PDFInfo
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- MD1031Z MD1031Z MDS20150145A MDS20150145A MD1031Z MD 1031 Z MD1031 Z MD 1031Z MD S20150145 A MDS20150145 A MD S20150145A MD S20150145 A MDS20150145 A MD S20150145A MD 1031 Z MD1031 Z MD 1031Z
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- 241000256618 Trichogramma Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000753145 Sitotroga cerealella Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241001248508 Trichogramma evanescens Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000171 higher toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
Invenţia se referă la agricultură, şi anume la un procedeu de producere a entomofagului Trichogramma spp., folosit pentru protecţia biologică a plantelor. The invention relates to agriculture, namely to a process for producing the entomophage Trichogramma spp., used for biological plant protection.
Este cunoscut procedeul de producere a entomofagului Trichogramma spp. pe ouă de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) - cea mai rentabilă şi răspândită gazdă de înmulţire [1]. The process of producing the entomophagous Trichogramma spp. on the eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) - the most profitable and widespread breeding host - is known [1].
Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în aceea că producerea îndelungată, adică a mai multor generaţii la rând pe ouă de molie (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) duce la deformarea indivizilor (micşorarea corpului, scurtarea aripilor şi altele). Ca rezultat, are loc scăderea indicilor biologici: prolificitatea, numărul de femele, ecloziunea indivizilor, capacitatea de căutare a femelelor, procentul de parazitare, durata vieţii femelelor şi a eficacităţii în câmp. The disadvantage of this process is that the long production, i.e. of several generations in a row on moth eggs (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) leads to deformation of the individuals (shrinkage of the body, shortening of the wings, etc.). As a result, there is a decrease in biological indices: prolificacy, number of females, hatching of individuals, search ability of females, percentage of parasitism, lifespan of females and effectiveness in the field.
Cea mai apropiată soluţie este procedeul de producere a Trichogramma evanescens W., care prevede producerea Trichogramma evanescens W. pe ouã de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga Cerealella Ol.) în vârstă de 46…48 ore, iradiate în prealabil cu raze gama cu doza de 200…300 Gy, la temperatura de 23…25°C şi umiditatea relativă a aerului de 75…85%. Conform variantei a doua producerea în masă a Trichogramma evanescens W. constă în înmulţirea ei pe ouã de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) în vârstă de 70…72 ore, iradiate în prealabil cu raze gama cu doza de 350…650 Gy în aceleaşi condiţii [2]. The closest solution is the process of producing Trichogramma evanescens W., which provides for the production of Trichogramma evanescens W. on 46…48-hour-old eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga Cerealella Ol.), previously irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 200…300 Gy, at a temperature of 23…25°C and a relative air humidity of 75…85%. According to the second variant, the mass production of Trichogramma evanescens W. consists in its multiplication on 70…72-hour-old eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), previously irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 350…650 Gy under the same conditions [2].
Dezavantajul procedeului de utilizare a iradierii cu raze gama constă în faptul că are o toxicitate sporită, uneori şi o acţiune cancerigenă, de aceea nu poate fi aplicat pe larg, totodată nu este relativ sigur pentru personalul de lucru. Efectuarea procesului de iradiere cu raze gama necesită instalaţii costisitoare, personal pregătit şi cerinţe speciale faţă de condiţiile de lucru. The disadvantage of the gamma irradiation process is that it has an increased toxicity, sometimes a carcinogenic effect, therefore it cannot be widely applied, at the same time it is not relatively safe for the working personnel. Carrying out the gamma irradiation process requires expensive installations, trained personnel and special requirements for working conditions.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia propusă este sporirea indicilor biologici ai entomofagului Trichogramma spp. la producerea lui pe ouă gazdă de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) în prealabil iradiate cu raze ultraviolete. The problem solved by the proposed invention is the increase in the biological indices of the entomophage Trichogramma spp. when produced on host eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) previously irradiated with ultraviolet rays.
Procedeul de producere a entomofagului Trichogramma spp. prevede înmulţirea lui la temperatura de 23…25°C şi umiditatea relativă a aerului de 75…85% pe ouă de molie cerealieră Sitotroga cerealella Ol. în vârstă de 24…26 ore, iradiate prealabil în decurs de 1,0...1,1 ore cu raze ultraviolete cu lungimea de undă de 365 nm şi frecvenţa de 789 Hz de la o sursă cu puterea de 200 W, situată la distanţa de 25...30 cm de la ouăle amplasate într-un strat. The process of producing the entomophage Trichogramma spp. provides for its multiplication at a temperature of 23…25°C and a relative air humidity of 75…85% on 24…26-hour-old Sitotroga cerealella Ol. grain moth eggs, previously irradiated for 1.0…1.1 hours with ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 365 nm and a frequency of 789 Hz from a source with a power of 200 W, located at a distance of 25…30 cm from the eggs placed in a layer.
Esenţa invenţiei constă în faptul că pentru majorarea indicilor biologici ai entomofagului Trichogramma spp. produs pe ouă gazdă de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), în special a celor utilizate în calitate de gazdă alternativă pentru creşterea în masă a entomofagului Trichogramma, se aplică iradierea cu raze ultraviolete a ouălor în vârstă de 24…26 ore. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in order to increase the biological indices of the entomophage Trichogramma spp. produced on host eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), especially those used as an alternative host for the mass growth of the entomophage Trichogramma, ultraviolet irradiation of eggs aged 24...26 hours is applied.
Rezultatul constă în majorarea indicilor biologici, şi anume: prolificitatea femelelor de 1,4…1,6 ori, durata de viaţă de 1,2…2,2 ori, ecloziunea adulţilor cu 5…8%, procentul de parazitare cu 5…12%, cota femelelor care lasă urmaşi cu 6,6…16,6%, cu 4,8…8,5% criteriul static al calităţii (care întruneşte în sine prolificitatea, ecloziunea indivizilor, cota femelelor) şi economisirea ouălor de molia cerealelor şi a entomofagului Trichogramma spp. The result consists in increasing the biological indices, namely: the prolificacy of females by 1.4…1.6 times, the lifespan by 1.2…2.2 times, the hatching of adults by 5…8%, the parasitism percentage by 5…12%, the share of females that leave offspring by 6.6…16.6%, the static criterion of quality (which combines prolificacy, hatching of individuals, the share of females) by 4.8…8.5% and the saving of eggs of the grain moth and the entomophagous Trichogramma spp.
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
Prima etapă de realizare este pregătirea ouălor de molia cerealelor (S. cerealella Ol.) în vârstă de 24…26 ore în calitate de gazdă de laborator, care sunt utilizate ca gazdă alternativă pentru creşterea în masă a entomofagului Trichogramma spp. pentru perfecţionarea tehnologiei de producere a Trichogramma spp., ce permite sporirea calităţii şi a eficacităţii ei în câmp. The first stage of implementation is the preparation of 24…26-hour-old grain moth eggs (S. cerealella Ol.) as a laboratory host, which are used as an alternative host for the mass rearing of the entomophagous Trichogramma spp. to improve the production technology of Trichogramma spp., which allows for increasing its quality and effectiveness in the field.
A doua etapă de realizare este pregătirea Trichogramma spp. pentru producerea pe ouă de molia cerealelor, iradiate în prealabil cu raze ultraviolete cu diferite termene de expunere. The second stage of production is the preparation of Trichogramma spp. for production on grain moth eggs, previously irradiated with ultraviolet rays with different exposure times.
Pentru iradierea ouălor de insecte dăunătoare acestea au fost amplasate în cutii Petri într-un singur strat, care au fost expuse sub o sursă de lumină cu raze ultraviolete cu puterea de 200 W şi lungimea de undă de 365 nm (cu frecvenţa de 789 Hz), fixată la o înălţime de 25…30 cm, pe o durată de la 0,1 până la 2,0 ore. To irradiate the eggs of harmful insects, they were placed in Petri dishes in a single layer, which were exposed under an ultraviolet light source with a power of 200 W and a wavelength of 365 nm (with a frequency of 789 Hz), fixed at a height of 25…30 cm, for a duration of 0.1 to 2.0 hours.
Gradul de eclozare a larvelor de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) atinge nivelul de 50,0% la o durată de la 0,1 până la 2,0 ore. The hatching rate of grain moth larvae (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.) reaches 50.0% at a duration of 0.1 to 2.0 hours.
Doza optimală (1,0…1,1 ore) a fost determinată încercând o gamă întreagă de expoziţii de la 0,5 până 1,3 ore. The optimal dose (1.0…1.1 hours) was determined by trying a full range of exposures from 0.5 to 1.3 hours.
Expunerea la iradiere a ouălor pe o perioadă de 0,1…0,5 ore nu este convenabilă, fiindcă eclozează omizile, deci această doză este mică pentru a distruge embrionul gazdei; în cazul iradierii pe o perioadă mai mare de 1,3 ore ouăle gazdă încep să se usuce şi Trichogramma spp. nu se poate dezvolta, de aceea indicii biologici sunt mai mici. Irradiation of eggs for a period of 0.1…0.5 hours is not convenient, because the caterpillars hatch, so this dose is small to destroy the host embryo; in case of irradiation for a period longer than 1.3 hours the host eggs begin to dry out and Trichogramma spp. cannot develop, therefore the biological indices are lower.
În tabel sunt prezentaţi indicii biologici ai Trichogramma spp. dezvoltate pe ouă de molie, iradiate cu diferite expoziţii şi pe ouă neiradiate (martor). The table presents the biological indices of Trichogramma spp. developed on moth eggs, irradiated with different exposures and on non-irradiated eggs (control).
La prelucrarea cu raze ultraviolete a ouălor de molie, în decurs de 1,0…1,1 ore, indicii biologici sunt maximali. When processing moth eggs with ultraviolet rays, within 1.0…1.1 hours, biological indicators are maximal.
În calitate de cea mai apropiată soluţie a fost utilizată iradierea prealalabilă a ouălor de molie cu raze gama. Rezultatele obţinute au demonstrat avantajele ouălor de molie iradiate prealabil cu raze ultraviolete. Sub acţiunea lor sporesc indicii biologici, şi anume: prolificitatea femelelor de 1,4…1,6 ori, durata de viaţă de 1,2…2,2 ori, ecloziunea adulţilor cu 5…8%, procentul de parazitare cu 5…12%, cota femelelor care lasă urmaşi cu 6,6…16,6% şi cu 4,8…8,5% criteriul static al calităţii (care întruneşte în sine prolificitatea, ecloziunea indivizilor, cota femelelor) entomofagului Trichogramma spp. utilizat pentru protecţia biologică a plantelor. As the closest solution, the preliminary irradiation of moth eggs with gamma rays was used. The results obtained demonstrated the advantages of moth eggs previously irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Under their action, biological indices increase, namely: the prolificacy of females by 1.4…1.6 times, the lifespan by 1.2…2.2 times, the hatching of adults by 5…8%, the parasitism percentage by 5…12%, the share of females leaving offspring by 6.6…16.6% and by 4.8…8.5% the static criterion of quality (which combines the prolificacy, hatching of individuals, the share of females) of the entomophage Trichogramma spp. used for biological plant protection.
Indicii biologici ai celei mai apropiate soluţii sunt nesemnificativi, în compararaţie cu procedeul propus, totodată acest procedeu este costisitor, necesită utilaj special şi personal calificat. The biological indices of the closest solution are insignificant, compared to the proposed process, and this process is also expensive, requires special equipment and qualified personnel.
Lansarea în câmp a Trichogramma spp. înmulţite pe ouă de molie cerealieră, prelucrate cu raze ultraviolete, a asigurat o eficacitate biologică cu 15…20% mai mare, faţă de cele fără prelucrare (martor). The field release of Trichogramma spp. propagated on grain moth eggs, processed with ultraviolet rays, ensured a biological efficacy 15…20% higher than those without processing (control).
Sporirea semnificativă a indicilor biologici ai Trichogramma spp. obţinute conform invenţiei, permite de a economisi Trichogramma spp. de elită cu 20…25% şi a ouălor de molia cerealelor cu 15…20%. The significant increase in the biological indices of Trichogramma spp. obtained according to the invention allows saving elite Trichogramma spp. by 20…25% and grain moth eggs by 15…20%.
Tabel Table
Indicii biologici ai Trichogramma evanescens Voeg. dezvoltate pe ouă de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), iradiate cu raze ultraviolete Biological indices of Trichogramma evanescens Voeg. developed on eggs of the grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), irradiated with ultraviolet rays
Nr. Indicii biologici Martor (ne-iradiate) Cea mai apropiată soluţie, iradiate cu raze gama, Gy Expoziţia de iradiere cu raze ultraviolete a ouălor de molia cerealelor (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), ore 0 200 0,50 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1 Prolificitatea, ouă/femelă 21,3±1,1 35,0±2,0 0,0±1,5 ,1±1,9 31,0±1,6 25,0±1,4 22,0±1,3 2 Ecloziunea indivizilor, % 82,0±3,1 88,0±3,8 87,0±3,4 90,0±3,7 88,0±3,5 85,0±3,2 81,0±3,4 3 Cota femelelor, % 52,0±2,1 56,4±3,1 53,0±2,9 55,3±2,4 52,0±2,5 52,0±2,0 50,0±2,1 4 Criteriul static al calităţii 9,0±1,1 17,3±1,5 13,8±1,8 17,5±1,4 14,2±1,7 11,0±1,3 8,9±2,3 5 Procentul de parazitare 80,0±3,0 83,0±4,0 85,0±3,3 92,0±3,9 89,0±3,2 80,0±3,0 78,0±3,1 6 Cota femelelor care lasă urmaşi, % 80,0±2,7 93,0±4,6 86,6±3,1 96,6±3,6 90,6±3,3 82,6±3,0 82,0±3,5 7 Durata de viaţă a femelelor, zile 2,8±0,4 4,6±0,2 3,5±0,2 6,0±0,5 5,0±0,3 3,2±0,2 3,0±0,4No. Biological indices Control (non-irradiated) Closest solution, gamma-irradiated, Gy Ultraviolet irradiation exposure of grain moth eggs (Sitotroga cerealella Ol.), hours 0 200 0.50 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1 Prolificity, eggs/female 21.3±1.1 35.0±2.0 0.0±1.5 ,1±1.9 31.0±1.6 25.0±1.4 22.0±1.3 2 Hatching of individuals, % 82.0±3.1 88.0±3.8 87.0±3.4 90.0±3.7 88.0±3.5 85.0±3.2 81.0±3.4 3 Share of females, % 52.0±2.1 56.4±3.1 53.0±2.9 55.3±2.4 52.0±2.5 52.0±2.0 50.0±2.1 4 Static quality criterion 9.0±1.1 17.3±1.5 13.8±1.8 17.5±1.4 14.2±1.7 11.0±1.3 8.9±2.3 5 Parasitism percentage 80.0±3.0 83.0±4.0 85.0±3.3 92.0±3.9 89.0±3.2 80.0±3.0 78.0±3.1 6 Share of females leaving offspring, % 80.0±2.7 93.0±4.6 86.6±3.1 96.6±3.6 90.6±3.3 82.6±3.0 82.0±3.5 7 Lifespan of females, days 2.8±0.4 4.6±0.2 3.5±0.2 6.0±0.5 5.0±0.3 3.2±0.2 3.0±0.4
1. Абашкин А., Гринберг А. Руководство по массовому разведению и применению трихограммы. Москва, 1979, p. 16-33 1. Abashkin A., Grinberg A. Руководство по массиому раведению и применению трихограммы. Moscow, 1979, p. 16-33
2. MD 1958 F1 2002.07.31 2. MD 1958 F1 2002.07.31
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| MDS20150145A MD1031Z (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2015-11-03 | Process for the production of entomophage Trichogramma spp. |
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| MD1212Z (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-07-31 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for rearing Trichogramma spp. entomophage |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD300F1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1995-10-31 | Inst De Protectie Biolog A Pla | Process for obtaining the elite culture of the trichogram Trichogramma evanescens V |
| MD1958F1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-07-31 | Inst De Cercetari Pentru Prote | Process for mass production of the Trichogramma evanescens W. trichogramma (variants) |
| MD1974F1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-08-31 | Inst De Cercetari Pentru Prote | Process for Trichogramma sp. entomophagous multiplication |
| UA40513U (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-04-10 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method for rearing laboratory populations of species of the trichogramma (hymenoptera, trichogrammatidae) genus |
| UA40758U (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-04-27 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method to optimize rearing species of genus trichogramma |
| UA40756U (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-04-27 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method for growing laboratory populations of species of trichogramma genus |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD300F1 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1995-10-31 | Inst De Protectie Biolog A Pla | Process for obtaining the elite culture of the trichogram Trichogramma evanescens V |
| MD1958F1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-07-31 | Inst De Cercetari Pentru Prote | Process for mass production of the Trichogramma evanescens W. trichogramma (variants) |
| MD1974F1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2002-08-31 | Inst De Cercetari Pentru Prote | Process for Trichogramma sp. entomophagous multiplication |
| UA40758U (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-04-27 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method to optimize rearing species of genus trichogramma |
| UA40756U (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-04-27 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method for growing laboratory populations of species of trichogramma genus |
| UA40513U (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2009-04-10 | Национальный Университет Биоресурсов И Природопользования Украины | Method for rearing laboratory populations of species of the trichogramma (hymenoptera, trichogrammatidae) genus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Абашкин А., Гринберг А. Руководство по массовому разведению и применению трихограммы. Москва, 1979, p. 16-33 * |
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