LV15371B - Anti insect material - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to a material which can be used in the manufacture of a breathable insecticidal garment, its elements or blankets, more particularly to a material which provides protection of the human or animal body against various insect bites or stings while allowing air to circulate freely. , reducing the risk of overheating.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Insect repellant material is intended to protect the human body from bites or stings of various insects, such as mosquitoes, thugs, wasps, bees, hornbills, thorns, flies. Such material can protect humans or animals not only from unpleasant or even painful insect bites, but also from associated inflammatory processes or even from dangerous diseases transmitted by individual insects.

[003] The insect material can be treated with chemicals that repel insects. However, such a solution is ineffective because over time, the effectiveness of these chemicals diminishes significantly. In addition, the chemical may give off an unpleasant odor, causing discomfort to the person or animal wearing the appropriate protective clothing.

[004] The said insect material may be made of dense, mechanically resistant, puncture-proof or other material. Such material typically contains two or more interconnected layers that either prevent the insect sting from reaching human or animal skin by being thicker than the length of the insect sting (as disclosed in WO 2011/063489, US3783451 or US4716594), or so dense as to prevent the insect from piercing it. However, known solutions either do not allow good mechanical properties of the material (eg abrasion resistance, flexibility) and reasonable production costs, or do not provide sufficient air circulation and sufficient comfort level.

[005] An air-permeable beekeeper clothing (US5357635) is known which comprises three layers: the outer and the inner layers of mesh fabric, and the interlayer is a flexible porous layer of open cell polymer. The main disadvantage of the known material is that the material does not actually provide free and sufficient air circulation and thus does not provide a sufficient level of comfort, especially in hot weather.

An air-permeable and puncture-proof material (DE10241024) is known, comprising at least two layers, wherein the outer layer prevents the insect from coming into contact with human or animal skin and the inner layer is thicker than the insect sting. Known material has very good air permeability but does not have the mechanical strength needed for garments used in, for example, forestry, agriculture or construction.

[007] WO2012095533A1 describes material with special fringes which impedes insect attacks. For a good protection, these special hairs must have a relatively dense coat, resulting in poorer air permeability. As a result, the exchange of warm air around the body (especially in windless conditions) may be impaired.

Breathable clothing that is resistant to insect bites is known (US7140048). The known material comprises four layers: an outer and inner air-permeable fabric, such as a cotton fabric, and two non-permeable interlayer which comprises holes in which the two interlayer holes are laterally offset so that the holes do not form a direct through hole between the two. . Although such a technical solution may be considered successful, it is still not efficient enough because it does not provide sufficient air circulation, especially in hot weather.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an insect material which, without increasing the thickness of the material, maintains good air permeability and mechanical properties and protects human or animal skin from various insect bites or stings.

The object is achieved by the proposed material comprising two layers, the first and the second being made of a material which is puncture-resistant and puncture-resistant by insect jaws or stingrays, wherein said first layer contains interconnected (preferably chess-like) convex concave surface segments (ie, convex surface elements that are convex on the one hand and concave on the other), with the second layer containing

connected surface segments with spaces between them. The second layer surface segments may have a flat or convex concave shape. First-layer convex concave surface segments with their convex sides facing outwards. In the embodiment, where the second layer surface segments also have a convex concave shape, these surface segments with their convex sides face outwards so that the first and second layer surface segments with their convex sides face outwards in opposite directions. The surface segments in each layer are interconnected so as to allow air movement between them, while the surface layers of the second layer are spaced so as to cover the spaces between the surface segments of the first layer; moreover, the first and second layers are interconnected so as to allow air movement between the layers, but to prevent parts of the insect's body from reaching the protected surface of said material. These surface segments (including convex concave) may be spherical segments, ellipsoidal segments, cylinder segments, truncated cone segments, or polyhedron segments. According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the proposed insect material may further comprise a third air-permeable layer disposed above or below the first layer. According to another embodiment of the invention, the proposed insect material may also comprise a third air-permeable layer disposed above the first layer and a fourth air-permeable layer disposed beneath the second layer. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said third and fourth permeable layers are made of a fabric with natural fibers.

Brief description of the drawings

1A. the drawing shows a schematic top view (in magnification) of a single expression fragment of the proposed material; 1B. and 1C. the drawing shows the corresponding cross-sections of the proposed material.

2A. the drawing shows a top view (in magnification) of another fragment of the proposed material; 2B. shows a schematic top view of the material in question and 2C. - cross-section.

ЗА. the drawing shows another expression (in magnification) of the proposed material; 3B. shows a schematic top view of the material in question, and 3C. cross section.

4A. the drawing shows another expression of the proposed material (top view, magnification); 4B. and 4C. - appropriate cross-sections (Figure 4B shows the possible dimensions of the material elements, however, other dimensions are possible); 4D - fragment of the same material from an isometric perspective; 4E. - appropriate cross-section.

1-4. the drawing shows the proposed material, which contains two interconnected layers: the first and the second. Both layers are designed to be neither pierced nor pierced by an insect jaw or sting. This can be achieved by choosing a material with sufficient density and mechanical strength. Such material may be, for example, latex, tightly woven or knitted textile, material of polyester and viscose fibers, or other material.

The first and second layers can be made separately and then joined together, or they can be made together at the same time. This can be achieved, for example, by weaving, 3D weaving, knitting, casting, 3D printing or other known techniques.

In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, each layer comprises chessboard surface segments with spacing between them. The first-layer surface segments have a substantially convex concave shape (Figs. 1-4). The second layer surface segments may have a substantially flat shape (Figure 1) or a substantially convex concave shape (Figure 2-4). First-layer convex concave surface segments with their convex sides facing outwards. In embodiments of the invention in which the second layer surface segments also have a convex concave shape, the first and second layer surface segments with their convex sides face outward in opposite directions (Figs. 2-4).

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said surface segments are the same size, but the area of each gap between the surface segments of each layer is smaller than the area of the surface segments; furthermore, the air gap between the surface segments of the first and second layer at the narrowest point is not less than 0.1 mm.

The surface segments may have various shapes, such as spherical segment shape, ellipsoid segment shape, cylindrical segment shape, truncated cone segment shape, polygonal segment shape (with or without rounded edges).

Reducing the radius of curvature of the curved segments (Fig. R1-1B; Fig. R-2B) can increase the air gap and air permeability of the material. For protection against larger insects (such as dwarfs, wasps, bees, hornbills), the space between the layers of material, as well as the holes in each layer, may be larger than when it comes to protecting small insects (such as moths or mosquitoes).

Said surface segments, both within each layer and between the layers, are interconnected so as to allow air movement between them. In addition, in both layers, these convex concave surface segments are laterally offset to cover gaps between the surface layers of the opposite layer, preventing insects from accessing the protected surface.

Such a configuration of layers of material allows for free air circulation between both sides of the material and at the same time prevents parts of the insect body from accessing the protected surface of said material. Experiments have shown that the configuration of the surface segments of such layers of material and the arrangement of these surface segments with each other allow for a more efficient air circulation compared to conventional flat layers with similarly sized laterally displaced holes (disclosed in US7140048). It is known that sufficiently high airflow through the material reduces the risk of body overheating and improves comfort levels, especially in hot weather.

[0019] The proposed layer configuration at the same time provides better material flexibility and allows the material to be formed with a lower surface density and, consequently, a lower weight.

Unlike known insect materials, which are formed as an air-permeable net, which is spaced away from the protected surface at a distance greater than the length of the insect sting, the configuration of the proposed material allows for thinner clothing and, not least, practically analog air circulation - to provide safe protection of the protected surface against sunlight.

The proposed material may be used in the manufacture of insect clothing, parts and elements thereof, or blankets.

EXAMPLES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Example 1. The material consists of two layers where the surface segments of the first layer have a substantially convex concave shape and the surface segments of the second layer have a flat shape (Fig. 1B-1C). The radius of curvature of the top of the first layer surface segments at the center of the surface segment is R2 = 12.5 mm (Fig. 1B), but at the periphery of the surface segment R1 = 0.5 mm. Total thickness of the material - 0,75 mm. The shape of the surface segment, made up of two radii (as shown in Fig. 1B), improves the airflow of the material by increasing the cross-sectional area of the gap. The curvature of the upper layer surface segments improves the airflow. Because the central portion of the surface layer segments of the lower layer is flat, the material fits better to the body by cooling it if it contains fibers with good thermal conductivity (for example, cotton). The overall thickness of the material also decreases.

Example 2. The material consists of two layers consisting of interconnected convex concave surface segments (Fig. 2). The curved segments of the first and second layers have a radius of curvature R = 10 mm. Thickness of each layer - 0,5 mm. Total thickness of material - 1 mm. The layers are uniform and the shape of their surface segments ensures good air permeability and mechanical properties of the material.

Example 3. The material consists of two layers separated by a space (Fig. 3C).

), which is provided by ties or "knots". Thickness of each layer - 0.4 mm, spacing - 0.2 mm. Total thickness of material - 1 mm. The relatively high number of links ensures a consistently short spacing between layers, which reduces tensile and compressive loads in the layers.

Example 4. The material consists of two layers consisting of interconnected convex concave surface segments having a prism shape (Fig. 4). The edges of the layer surface segments are twice thicker (0.5 mm) than the central portions of the segments (0.25 mm), making them tighter, less elastic. This reduces the possibility of a significant change in the spacing between the surface layers of both layers during material life, thus impeding air circulation. In this example, the joints of the layers (bonding between the layers) are proportionally larger than in the other examples, slightly improving the material's resistance to fracture.

Claims (10)

1. An insecticidal material comprising two layers: the first and the second, which are made of a material that is non-penetrable and puncture-proof with an insect jaw apparatus or irons, characterized in that said first layer comprises interconnected curved concave surface segments with spacing between them those, but said second layer comprises interconnected surface segments with spacing between those with the first layer of curved concave surface segments facing their curved sides outwardly; furthermore, the surface segments in each layer are interconnected so as to allow air movement between them, while the surface layers of the second layer are displaced so as to cover the spaces between the curved concave surface segments of the first layer; furthermore, the first and second layers are interconnected so as to allow air movement between the layers, but to prevent insect body parts from accessing the protected surface of said material. Anti-insect material according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface segments of the first and second layers are connected in substantially chess order. Anti-insect material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second layer surface segments also have a convex convex shape; furthermore, the curved concave surface segments of the first and second layers are facing outwardly with their curved sides. Anti-insect material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said curved concave surface segments are essentially ball segments, ellipsoidal segments, cylinder segments, truncated cone segments or polyhedron segments. Anti-insect material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curved concave surface segments of the first and second layers are of the same size, but the area of each space between the surface segments of each layer is less than the area of the surface segments. Anti-insect material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air gap between the surface segments of the first and second layers at the narrowest point is not less than 0.1 mm. Anti-insect material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a third air permeable layer positioned above the first or below the second layer. Insecticide material according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it further comprises a third air permeable layer positioned above the first layer and a fourth air permeable layer positioned below the second layer. Anti-insect material according to claim 7 or 8, wherein said third and / or fourth air permeable layer is of a fabric comprising natural fibers. Apparel, a part or element thereof, containing antimicrobial material according to the foregoing claims.