LV15363B - Device for mixing of liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen for injection into cylinder of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fuel feed system for internal combustion engines, but directly to devices for the preparation of liquid hydrocarbon fuel to obtain an emulsion from liquid hydrocarbon fuel and gaseous hydrogen prior to its delivery to the engine cylinder.

BACKGROUND ART BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A technical solution is known which addresses the problem of increasing the efficiency of combustion engine operation by blending several types of fuels. For example, a device [1] feeds into a combustion chamber a mixture of two types of liquid fuels which are heated with recycled gases before being sprayed into the combustion chamber. This way the fuel vapor is mixed and the combustion is improved.

[003] It is known that the combustion efficiency of a fuel increases when it is blended with gaseous hydrogen. In addition, gaseous hydrogen is obtained from water by electrolysis, as is the case, for example, in a device [2]. In addition, the use problem is that an explosive mixture can be formed when mixed with oxygen in the air in a given proportion. To turn it off, you need to use heavy-duty tanks and pipes.

Prior to spraying the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber, it must be metered according to the fuel grade. In the technical solution [3], a design is proposed that provides control and delivery of a mixture of two types of liquid fuels in the engine cylinder.

The disadvantage of this design is the inability to use gas, such as hydrogen, as a second fuel.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a device [4] for mixing and feeding liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

The construction of the device comprises a tank connected to the fuel via a pipeline with a mixer and a tank connected to the water via a pipeline with a chamber in which the water is electrolyzed and a hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture is formed.

[008] The gas mixture is mixed with the liquid fuel in the mixing chamber. In addition, all processes in the device are controlled by an electronic control unit.

The disadvantage of this design is that the fuel mixture is emulsified in a mixer connected via a pipeline to a chamber for electrolysis of water. In addition, there is a risk of gas mixture escaping from the chamber or pipeline as a result of the vibration of all structures as the machine moves.

The object of the present invention is to increase the safety of fuel apparatus for mixing liquid fuel with a mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor.

[011] To achieve the stated object, a device is used for mixing and feeding liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel tank and a tank of water supplied by pumps and connected via pipelines to mixers. Compared to the prior art, the claimed invention has the following significant differences: the mixer consists of a fuel chamber and an electrolysis chamber connected by a short pipe, wherein the fuel from the tank pump enters the mixer fuel chamber via a pipeline and the water from the tank pump the pipeline enters an electrolysis chamber in which the electrolyser divides water into a mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor passing through an oxygen absorber located in a short pipe and into a fuel chamber where the fuel is transformed into an emulsion through an ultrasonic vibrator passing through the mixer fuel chamber in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.

[013] It is useful for the device to have a fuel chamber above the electrolysis chamber.

[014] It is useful for the electrolyser electrodes of the device to be connected to an adjustable voltage source [015] It is useful for the device to have a power frequency of the electrolyser set between 3.0 kHz and 50 kHz [016] It is useful for the ultrasonic vibrator to be connected to a generator with ultrasonic frequency.

[017] The invention is explained in Fig. 1, in which the device is shown in the form of a block diagram showing the functional units in cross-section.

[018] The drawing shows elements of a device for mixing and feeding liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine (1) comprising a tank (2) with fuel (3) and a tank (4) with water (5) supplied by pumps (6). , 7) and connected via pipelines (8, 9) to mixers. The mixer comprises a fuel chamber (10) and an electrolysis chamber (11) connected to the conduit (12), wherein the fuel (3) from the tank (2) is introduced into the mixing fuel chamber (10) by a pump (6), but the water (5) from the tank (4) under the action of the pump (7) enters the electrolysis chamber (11) via the conduit (9), where the electrolyser (13) distributes the water (5) into a mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor passes through an oxygen absorber (15) inserted into a short pipe (12) and enters the fuel chamber (10), whereby the fuel (3) is converted into an emulsion by an ultrasonic vibrator (16) from the mixer fuel chamber (10) through the outlet pipe (17) ) is fed to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine (1).

The fuel chamber (10) is located above the electrolysis chamber in the mixer (11).

The electrodes of the electrolyser (13) are connected to an adjustable voltage source (18).

The supply voltage frequency at the input of an adjustable voltage source (18) is set within the range of 3.0 kHz to 50 kHz. An ultrasonic vibrator (16) is connected to a generator with an ultrasonic frequency.

Operation of the device In the initial position, the pump (6) supplies fuel (3) from the tank (2) to the fuel chamber (10). At the same time, the pump (7) pumps water (5) from the tank (4) into the electrolysis chamber (11). Both chambers (10, 11) are filled with fuel (3) and water (5) respectively, and more pressure is applied to the chamber (11) than to the chamber (10).

Upon switching on the adjustable voltage source (18), the electrodes (13) are supplied with alternating voltage at a frequency of 3.0 kHz to 50 kHz, depending on the properties of the water and the technology used to make the electrodes.

[025] Under the influence of an electric current, water is split into oxygen and hydrogen. As a result, a mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor (14) is formed above the electrolyser (13), which rises up and passes through the oxygen absorber (15), which is inserted into the short pipe (12).

[026] At the outlet from the short pipe (12), hydrogen is blistered with fuel (3). In addition, the action of the ultrasonic vibrator (16), which is supplied with alternating voltage from the output of the generator (19), results in the splitting of gaseous hydrogen bubbles and their intense mixing with the liquid fuel (3). This results in an emulsion saturated with hydrogen bubbles.

The emulsion prepared from the fuel chamber (10) is fed through a conduit (17) into a distributor device and injected into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine (1).

[028] Hydrogen bubble-saturated fuel (3) contributes to a more complete combustion of the fuel in the cylinders, resulting in reduced fuel consumption by the engine (1).

[029] In the embodiment of the proposed device, the fuel (3) is mixed with the hydrogen bubbles directly at their outlet from the electrolyser (13). This prevents the formation of explosive mixtures in hydrogen and oxygen vessels. [030] In this way, safety is increased and the operation of the entire fuel system of the engine (1) is ensured. In addition, the use of a fuel-hydrogen emulsion to power an internal combustion engine reduces fuel consumption and reduces the amount of CO2 in the exhaust gases.

Sources of information

1. Patent RU 2328657 dated 10.07.2008, SPK F23K 5/12; F02B 47/02; F02M25 / 03.

2. Patent KR 20110032465 dated 30.03.2011, SPK F02B43 / 10; F02D19 / 02; F02M25 / 10.

3. Patent WO 02090743 dated 14.11.2002, SPK F02D19 / 08; F02D19 / 02.

4. Patent US8118012 dated 21.02.2012, SPK F02M21 / 02, (prototype).

Claims (5)

A device for mixing and dispensing liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in a cylinder (1) of an internal combustion engine comprising a tank (2) with fuel (3) and a tank (4) with water (5) provided with pumps (6, 7) and The pipes (8, 9) connecting them to the mixers, characterized in that the mixer comprises a fuel chamber (10) housing the ultrasonic vibrator (16) and an electrolysis chamber (11) housing the electrolyser (13), the chambers (10, 11) being connected to a conduit (12) filled with an oxygen absorber (15), the conduit (12) and the electrolysis chamber (11) being filled with a hydrogen-oxygen-water vapor mixture (14) and a fuel chamber (10) is connected to the cylinders of the combustion engine (1) through the outlet pipe (17). A device for mixing and dispensing liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in an internal combustion engine cylinder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel chamber (10) is located above the electrolysis chamber (11) in the mixer. A device for mixing and dispensing liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in an internal combustion engine cylinder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes of the electrolyzer (13) are connected to an adjustable voltage source (18). A device for mixing and dispensing liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in an internal combustion engine cylinder (1) according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the supply voltage of the electrolyser (13) is in the range of 3.0 to 50 kHz. A device for mixing and feeding liquid hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen in an internal combustion engine cylinder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic vibrator (16) is connected to the ultrasonic frequency generator (19).