LV14844B - A method and a device for neutralization of gases with unpleasant smells - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the protection of the environment and can be used in oil processing, chemical and other industries when burning with unpleasant smell. Invention offers a method and a device for neutralization of gases with unpleasant smells of any amount. Offered device comprises a gas collector (1) above a source of an unpleasant smell (2), a compressor (3), a high-pressure cylinders battery (4), an outlet valve (5) for gas coming from compressor, a valve (6) for gas supply in burning chamber (10), a reduction regulator (7), a check valve (8), a valve (9) for gas supply in burning chamber (10), an outlet pipe (11) of burning chamber (10) and a ventilation valve (12). The high-pressure cylinders battery can be stationary or mobile. Offered method of gas neutralization is conducted by stages, in the first stage gases from the source of an unpleasant smell are accumulated under pressure in high-pressure cylinders battery, in the second stage gases from the high-pressure cylinders battery are supplied to the burning device when necessary and burned. The invention increases the efficiency of neutralization of gases with unpleasant smells of any amount.

Description

Description of the Invention

The invention relates to the protection of the environment and may be used in the petroleum refining, chemical and other industries by burning gases with unpleasant odors.

Analysis of known sources of information

Residents living near sewage treatment plants, oil transshipment complexes and oil bases complain of unpleasant odors coming from these sites, particularly the foul ballast water, which is in tanks for extended periods of time (ocean voyages), and after washing tanks, transporting petroleum products containing mercaptan. Usually, these waters are small in volume and flow irregularly. Eliminating these odors is a pressing task. One method of neutralizing such gases is to burn them.

There is a known method of neutralizing gases with unpleasant odors by burning them [1, 2]. The disadvantage of this method of gas neutralization is the insufficient combustion efficiency of both small and large volumes.

Closest to the technical nature and the result to be achieved is a method for treating unpleasant gases developed by the Finnish firm ANDRITZ OY [3], which is carried out in a chemical pulp mill. The essence of the method: The chemical pulp mill gases are burned in a separate incineration plant with an unpleasant odor, but the waste gas is discharged into a recovery boiler. However, the known method does not allow the burning of small amounts of odorous gas (which is economically disadvantageous) or, on the contrary, large amounts of gas (in this case, the hydrocarbons are not completely burned, resulting in environmental pollution).

Devices [3, 4, 5] are known which include a system for supplying the medium to be neutralized and a combustion chamber for the implementation of a gas with an unpleasant odor burning method. Of the above-mentioned devices, by their technical nature and their function to be solved, a device for neutralizing odorous gases [3], which has been chosen as a prototype, is the most suitable, however, the disadvantage of all the above mentioned devices is inefficiency in small and large scale combustion.

OBJECTIVES AND NATURE OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem solved by the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of neutralization of odorous gases, irrespective of their volume. The proposed method involves the gradual elimination of gases, whereby in the first stage, gases from a source with an unpleasant odor are collected under pressure, such as a high pressure balloon battery, and in a second stage (if necessary and possible) the gas is discharged from the battery to the incinerator. . In addition, gas with unpleasant odors is supplied to the combustion torch with air.

Another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of the device by neutralizing gases with unpleasant odors, irrespective of their volume. The solution to the problem is achieved by the fact that a known odor control device comprising an environmental neutralization inlet system, a combustion chamber and an exhaust pipe is, according to the invention, equipped with a compressor, a high-pressure cylinder battery and a piping system connecting the source of the unpleasant odors to The compressor, the cylinder compressor and the combustion chamber, and the neutralization medium drive system include a gas collector from a source of unpleasant odors. The high-pressure cylinder battery may be stationary or movable, but a security lock is installed in the pipeline connecting the cylinder battery to the combustion chamber. In addition, a standard steam boiler is used as the combustion chamber.

The drawings accompanying the invention illustrate the proposed apparatus for neutralizing the odorous gases. Equipment includes gas collector (2) above unpleasant odor source (1) (fuel tank), compressor (3), high pressure cylinder fixed battery (4), valve (5) for gas delivery from compressor (3), valve (6) for gas supply in the combustion chamber (10), a reducing gear (7), a non-return valve (8), a valve (9) for introducing gas into the combustion chamber (10), a combustion chamber exhaust pipe (11), a vent valve (12). The battery of the high pressure cylinders may be stationary or portable.

Operation of the proposed equipment

Processing of petroleum products in a tank (1) (source of unpleasant odors) produces a significant amount of odorless gas. Therefore, the valve (5) opens and the compressor (3) starts, and then one of the battery cylinders (or the required number of cylinders depending on the amount of odorless gas), where the odorous gas is pumped. A vacuum is created in the tank (1) during gas evacuation; therefore, the tank is fitted with a vent valve (12) with a mechanical shut-off valve (intended to seal the gas space of the reservoir and maintain the pressure within that space and to prevent flame from entering the reservoir).

When the oil tank is completed (1), the cylinder battery closes and the compressor (3) shuts off. When a high-pressure cylinder battery accumulates sufficient gas to fill the cylinders, its combustion time is aligned with the boiler (combustion chamber) operating time, for example, for technological purposes (the boiler does not operate continuously but on demand).

To burn gas from the battery, open the valve (6) and valve (9) and through the reducer (7) and check valve (8) the gas enters the air supply system to the fuel boiler in the combustion chamber (10). The non-return valve (8) is intended to prevent kickback (flame) from the burning of gases with unpleasant odors in a boiler-protected installation (cylinders). After the gases have been neutralized in the boiler (10), they are discharged into the atmosphere via the exhaust pipe (11). In case the plant does not have its own boiler, the gas can be stored in a mobile high pressure cylinder battery and transported to another plant's boiler.

Due to the fact that standard steam boilers with optimally designed aerodynamics and high combustion temperature in the combustion chamber are used in production, there is no need to specifically design the recovery boiler gas with unpleasant odors (as in the prototype). In addition, the standard boiler has an optimally calculated air supply (and thus an odorless gas supply) to the top of the torch; high local excess air and reduced temperatures at this stage of the firing. Such a regime has a very beneficial effect on the development of oxidation processes that take place during the conversion stage, including to formaldehyde CH2O, whose molecule, even without complete combustion, does not produce a complex, difficult to burn composition. In addition, the hydrocarbon molecule is cracked more symmetrically at reduced temperatures to form less complex molecules. On the contrary, at high temperatures the cracking is not symmetrical, the molecules break down in simple and very complex, the latter are difficult to burn and precisely color the exhaust gas in a dark color. All this confirms the possibility of using standard boilers to neutralize the odorous gases.

Example of implementation of the invention

The fuel contained in the tank having a volume of V = 90 cubic meters was purged of mechanical impurities in the recirculation system through a filter pump SH 80 Q = 35 cubic meters / h, i.e.. cleaning takes about 3 hours. During the cleaning process, fumes with unpleasant odors formed. In order to prevent the gas from escaping into the atmosphere, a gas with an unpleasant odor was pumped from the tank (1) through the collector (2) by means of a compressor (3) into a high pressure cylinder battery (4).

To extract gas from the tank (1), a compressor ATLANTIK 100 with a capacity of 6 cubic meters per hour and a pressure of 150 bar was used.

The cylinder battery contained 5 standard cylinders V = 40 1 at a pressure of 150 bar, i.e., 6 cubic meters of air could be pumped into the cylinder. The total capacity of the cylinders was 30 cubic meters of air. Working for 3 hours on the compressor, 18 cubic meters of bad odor gas were pumped from the tank into cylinders.

When all the cylinders had been filled as a result of the production operations, the fumes with unpleasant odors were burned. For this purpose, the gas supply valves to the boiler, such as Ε-1.6 / 9, were opened and, in view of the combustion air supplied to the boiler, the odorous gas was burned.

Thus, compared to the prototype, the proposed device and technique is more efficient and economical, and provides effective neutralization of unpleasant odor gases.

Sources of information:

1. A method and system for neutralizing various toxic and explosive gases. Patent US4077777, B01J802, 1978.

2. Method and device for treating harmful gas. Patent JP57136920, B01D53 / 68,

1982.

3. CnocoS oSpaSoTKH naxyuHx ra30B xnMHHecKoro penjnojio3Horo 3aBoņa. Patent RU2434089, B01D53 / 73, 2011.

4. YcTaHOBKa χπα HenTpajīH3auHn tokchhhbk BM0pocoB OKiiramieM. Patent RU2024794, F23G7 / 06, 1994.

5. ΜετοΛΜ C / KnraHna BpeņHtix npHMecen. http: // do. gendocs.ru/docs/index-39660 html? page = 12

Claims (7)

Claims 1. A method for neutralizing odorous gas by incineration, wherein the odorous gas from a gas source is fed to an incinerator and burned, and the exhaust gas is supplied to a boiler utilizer, characterized in that the gas is neutralized in stages. In the first stage, the gas with an unpleasant odor from its source is stored in the high pressure cylinder battery, while in the second stage, the said gas is introduced from the high pressure cylinder battery into the incinerator. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the odorless gas is fed to the combustion unit with air and the resulting gas mixture is burned in a torch. A device for neutralizing odorless gases using the method as defined in claim 1 or 2, comprising a neutralizing medium supply system and an exhaust chamber combustion chamber, characterized in that the device is equipped with a compressor, a high-pressure cylinder battery and a pipeline. a system for connecting the unpleasant odor source to the compressor, the compressor to the cylinder battery and the cylinder battery to the combustion chamber, the gas supply system for neutralization being connected to the gas collector from the source of the odor. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the high pressure cylinder battery is stationary. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the high pressure cylinder battery is movable. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that a standard steam boiler is used as the combustion chamber. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a non-return valve is provided on the pipeline line connecting the cylinder battery to the combustion chamber.