LU504236B1 - Chinese herbal medicament for preventing diseases and increasing yields, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Chinese herbal medicament for preventing diseases and increasing yields, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000002567 Capsicum annuum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000004160 Capsicum annuum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000931143 Gleditsia sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000030040 Lappula myosotis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000972673 Phellodendron amurense Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 240000004980 Rheum officinale Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000008081 Rheum officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000246044 Sophora flavescens Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000089698 Zanthoxylum simulans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 11
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241001638069 Rigidoporus microporus Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 description 7
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000243785 Meloidogyne javanica Species 0.000 description 6
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000243784 Meloidogyne arenaria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001530056 Athelia rolfsii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000243787 Meloidogyne hapla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001646398 Pseudomonas chlororaphis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000949456 Zanthoxylum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N avermectin B1a Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 RRZXIRBKKLTSOM-XPNPUAGNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000443 biocontrol Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012681 biocontrol agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
With respect to problems of increasing common peanut soil-borne diseases and severe yield loss in continuous cropping peanuts, the present disclosure provides a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, and a preparation method and an application, and belongs to a field of fungicide technologies. The medicament is composed of raw materials below: 13 to 17 weight portions of Phellodendron amurense, 13 to 17 weight portions of Sophora flavescens, 10 to 13 weight portions of Melia azedarach bark, 10 to 13 weight portions of Rheum officinale, 7 to 10 weight portions of Gleditsia sinensis, 7 to 10 weight portions of Radix stemonae, 7 to 10 weight portions of Lappula myosotis, 7 to 10 weight portions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 7 to 10 weight portions of Capsicum annuum L., and 4 to 7 weight portions of tobacco leaves. The preparation method is as follows: following the above-described formula, mixing all raw medicinal materials and breaking into granules with sizes from a bean size to a peanut size; adding water that is 10 times the amount of the raw medicinal materials, sealing, soaking for 15 to 30 days, stirring every two days, and filtering after soaking; adding vinegar to the filtrate, adjusting a pH value to 5 to 6; and storing in shade. The medicament may also be used to increase the yield of continuous cropping peanuts. The medicament has preventing and controlling effects on various common peanut diseases, with long-lasting efficacy, safety and reliability, no environmental pollution; and is capable of significantly increasing a yield of continuous cropping peanuts.
Description
CHINESE HERBAL MEDICAMENT FOR PREVENTING DISEASES AND
INCREASING YIELDS, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND
APPLICATION THEREOF
[0001] The present disclosure belongs to a field of fungicide technologies, and more particularly, relates to a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing diseases and increasing yields, and preparation method and application thereof.
[0002] Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut) is an important oil crop and cash crop. In recent years, with development and application of new peanut varieties and new technologies, a replanting (continuous cropping) phenomenon is very common in main production regions due to limitation of arable land. Peanuts should avoid replanting, as replanting not only reduces yield but also increases pests and diseases. According to research, peanut continuous cropping for 2 years results in average yield loss of 19.08%; continuous cropping for 3 years results in average yield loss of 33.4%; continuous cropping for 4 to 9 years results in average yield loss of over 20%, and yield loss is basically stable at a level of continuous cropping for 3 years. Meanwhile, incidence of peanut diseases, especially soil-borne diseases such as common peanut Fusarium root rot disease, peanut southern blight disease, and peanut root knot nematode disease, is becoming increasingly serious, with a disease and insect fruit rate significantly increasing.
[0003] Due to a fact that incidence of peanut soil-borne diseases may range from a seedling stage to a harvesting stage, prevention and control in production is very difficult; so far, effective preventing and controlling methods for peanut soil-borne diseases are still lacking home and abroad.
At present, chemical control is a main method for peanut soil-borne diseases in China, but renders poor preventing and controlling effects. Meanwhile, pursuit of high efficiency and widespread use of agricultural chemical result in excessively high prevention and control costs, excessively heavy pollution, and impact on quality of peanuts. Biocontrol agents are also used for prevention and control, but have problems such as slow control effect, significant environmental impact, degradation of biocontrol bacteria, difficulty in coordinating with chemical control, and high prevention and control costs. In such case, it is very essential to develop safe, effective, and 1 cost-effective biological control agent to reduce incidence of common peanut soil-borne diséd4ag4236 and implement high-yield cultivation of continuous cropping peanuts.
[0004] With respect to the problems of increasing common peanut soil-borne diseases and severe yield loss in continuous cropping peanuts, the existing preventing and controlling methods may cause serious pollution, affect peanut quality, or have high costs and slow control effect, which cannot balance environmental protection, effectiveness, and costs; the present disclosure aims to provide a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, and a preparation method and an application; the medicament is rich in various effective fungicide and insecticide ingredients, has preventing and controlling effects on various common peanut diseases, is all made of traditional Chinese medicament ingredients, with long-lasting efficacy, safety and reliability, no environmental pollution, and a simple preparation method; and may also significantly increase yield of continuous cropping peanuts.
[0005] The present disclosure is implemented through technical solutions below:
[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, and the medicament is composed of raw materials below: 13 to 17 weight portions of Phellodendron amurense, 13 to 17 weight portions of Sophora flavescens, 10 to 13 weight portions of Melia azedarach bark, 10 to 13 weight portions of Rheum officinale, 7 to 10 weight portions of Gleditsia sinensis, 7 to 10 weight portions of Radix stemonae, 7 to 10 weight portions of Lappula myosotis, 7 to 10 weight portions of
Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 7 to 10 weight portions of Capsicum annuum L., and 4 to 7 weight portions of tobacco leaves.
[0007] Further, the medicament is composed of raw materials below: 15 weight portions of
Phellodendron amurense, 15 weight portions of Sophora flavescens, 12 weight portions of Melia azedarach bark, 12 weight portions of Rheum officinale, 8 weight portions of Gleditsia sinensis, 8 weight portions of Radix stemonae, 8 weight portions of Lappula myosotis, 8 weight portions of
Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 8 weight portions of Capsicum annuum L., and 6 weight portions of tobacco leaves.
[0008] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, including specific steps of: following the above-described formula, mixing all raw medicinal materials and breaking into granules with sizes from a bean size to a peanut size; adding water that is 10 times the amount of the raw medicinal materials, sealing, soaking for 15 to 30 days, stirring 2 every two days, and filtering after soaking; adding vinegar to the filtrate, adjusting a pH value #284236 to 6; and storing in shade.
[0009] The present disclosure further provides an application of the above-described
Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, specifically for increasing yield of continuous cropping peanuts.
[0010] Further, the application is: diluting Chinese herbal medicament original solution 200 times, and applying to ditches according to a standard of 4000 to 5000 ml/mu before sowing.
[0011] Advantageous effects
[0012] The Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases according to the present disclosure has preventing and controlling effects on various common peanut diseases, is all made of traditional Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients, with long-lasting efficacy, safety and reliability, no environmental pollution; takes remaining residue as a raw material for organic bacterial fertilizer, is capable of significantly increasing a yield of continuous cropping peanuts; has a simple preparation method and low costs; and is favorable for promotion and application.
[0013] Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be further explained in details in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0014] Embodiments 1 to 5: Preparation of a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases
[0015] Table 1: Chinese herbal medicament formulations for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases
Raw material (kg) 1 2 3 4 5
Cae |v IP pr ee 13 15 17 14 16 amurense
Melia azedarach
FE J WE
Raves | 7 |v | Ww [5 3 wen [7 EG
Zanthoxylum
ESSIEN EEN ml pepe fe 7 10 7
L.
I A A NA
Wa | ww | w | ww
[0016] Production process:
[0017] D Mixing the above-described medicinal materials, breaking the same into granules with sizes from a bean size to a peanut size. @ Dividing into 10 portions and respectively placing in clean containers with lids. 3) Adding water of 10 times the amount of the medicinal materials, sealing with lids, soaking for 15 days, stirring every two days, and filtering after soaking. @
Adding 1% to 2% vinegar to the filtrate and adjusting to acidity (pH 5 to 6). © Fractionally packaging into plastic bottles of 1 to 2 liters. Storing in shade.
[0018] Diluting 200 times when using.
[0019] Test example 1: indoor potting application of the Chinese herbal medicament to prevent and control peanut soil-borne diseases and effects thereof on peanut physiological characteristics
[0020] Haihua No. 1 was planted in a pot in an artificial climate laboratory, with a mass ratio of 2:1:1 for soil: vermiculite: nutrient soil. Peanuts were planted in single grains, with 3 grains per pot. Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii for peanuts were respectively inoculated into sterilized oat grains, and incubated at 28 °C for 7 days; and the inoculation bottle was shaken twice a day to ensure that all oat grains had pathogenic bacteria, so as to obtain bacteria-infected oat grains. 15 oat grains with each type of pathogenic bacteria were inoculated around a peanut by using a surface soil spraying method, then covered with a thin layer of soil and watered.
[0021] Root irrigation was carried out with the medicament prepared in Embodiment 2 45 days after sowing, with 10 pots per treatment and 3 plants per pot, repeated 3 times. 100 mL solution that has been diluted 200 times was applied to each pot per time. 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100 g/mu (Shanghai Shenglian Chemical Co., Ltd.) and clean water were set as two controls. Incidence of Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii was surveyed 75 days after planting. Peanuts were watered once a day.
[0022] Before peanut harvest, the number of diseased plants and disease levels were surveyed, and an incidence rate and a preventing and controlling effect were calculated. 4
[0023] There is a 10-level classification standard for root rot disease: level 0: there #4RB4236 disease spots on a stem base and main fibrous roots; level 1: there are a small amount of disease spots on the stem base and a main root; level 3: there are many disease spots on the stem base and the main root, and an area of the disease spots accounts for 1/4 to 1/2 of a total area of the stem base and the root; level 5: there are many and large disease spots on the stem base and the main root, and an area of the disease spots accounts for 1/2 to 3/4 of the total area of the stem base and the root; level 7: the disease spots on the stem base and the main root are connected into patches, forming a stem-wrapping phenomenon, but the root system is not dead; and level 9: root system necrosis occurs, plant aboveground are wilting or dead.
[0024] There is a 5-level classification standard for southern blight disease: level 0: plant is asymptomatic; level 1: disease spots only occur at a stem base; level 2: symptoms of constriction occur at the stem base, an infected region exhibiting systemic symptoms (wither, death, and wilt, etc.) accounts for less than one-third of the entire plant; level 3: an infected region exhibiting systemic symptoms accounts for less than two-thirds of the entire plant; level 4: an infected region exhibiting systemic symptoms accounts for more than two-thirds of the entire plant, and dead plants are calculated as level 4.
[0025] Disease rate=the number of diseased plants/the total number of plantsx 100%
[0026] Condition index=) (disease level representative valuexthe number of diseased plants at respective levels)<100/(the total number of surveyed plantsxhighest incidence representative value)
[0027] Preventing and controlling effect=[(control condition index- treatment condition index)/control condition index]x100%
[0028] Test result
[0029] The peanut plants were treated with a solution diluted 200 times the medicament prepared in Embodiment 2; the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on southern blight disease of indoor potted peanuts reached 64.89%, significantly higher than the preventing and controlling effect of the control medicament carbendazim (Table 2); the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on root rot disease of indoor potted peanuts was 70.49%, significantly higher than the that of the control medicament carbendazim (Table 3), which indicates that the medicament has good preventing and controlling effects on both southern blight disease and root rot disease.
[0030] Table 2: Preventing and controlling effects of Chinese herbal medicament on peanut southern blight disease (potted)
Treatment Pot test 5
~~ Incidencerate Condition index Preventing and controlling>04236 (%) (%) effects (%)
Chinese herbal medicament 56.67 27.50 64.89aA
Carbendazim 66.67 38.33 51.06bB
Clean water control (CK) 100.00 78.33 —
[0031] Note: different letters in a same column in the table indicate a level of difference between treatments (lowercase letters and uppercase letters respectively represent P<0.05 and
P<0.01)
[0032] Table 3 Preventing and controlling effects of Chinese herbal medicament on peanut root rot disease (potted)
Pot test
Treatment — Incidence rate Condition index Preventing and controlling — (%) (%) effects (%)
Chinese herbal medicament 33.33 15.00 70.49aA
Carbendazim 46.67 24.17 52.46bB
Clean water control (CK) 80.00 50.83 —
[0033] Note: different letters in a same column in the table indicate a level of difference between treatments (lowercase letters and uppercase letters respectively represent P<0.05 and
P<0.01)
[0034] Test example 2: indoor potting application of Chinese herbal medicament to prevent and control root knot nematodes
[0035] The northern root knot nematode was isolated from peanuts, preserved, and propagated on tomatoes.
[0036] Insect egg inoculum: insect eggs were extracted from tomato roots by using a sodium hypochlorite method, counted under a microscope, and was used to inoculate peanut plants, with 8000 eggs per pot. Peanuts were inoculated 2 weeks after sowing, two 5-cm deep holes were drilled in each pot, a pipette is used to add an appropriate amount of inoculum suspension into the hole to inoculate the peanuts; and 3% abamectin microcapsule suspension (Nantong Liannong
Jiatian Crop Technology Co., Ltd.) 400 ml/mu and clean water were set as two controls.
[0037] 6 weeks after inoculation, the plants were poured out and rinsed clean with tap water; the number of galls on each root system was counted and a gall index was evaluated. A 0-5 level classification standard was adopted for the gall index: level 0 =no galls, level 1=1 to 2 galls, level 2=3 to 10 galls, level 3=11 to 30 galls, level 4=31 to 100 galls, and level 5=100 galls or more.
[0038] Disease rate=the number of diseased plants/the total number of plantsx 100%
[0039] Condition index=) (disease level representative valuexthe number of diseased plants 6 at respective levels)x100/(the total number of surveyed plants<highest incidence representktHÿ24236 value)
[0040] Preventing and controlling effect=[(control condition index- treatment condition index)/control condition index]x100%
[0041] Test result
[0042] The peanut plants were treated with a solution diluted 200 times the medicament prepared in Embodiment 2; the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on indoor potted peanut root knot nematode disease reached 62.03%, higher than the preventing and controlling effect of the control medicament abamectin microcapsule suspension (Table 4), which indicates that the medicament has good preventing and controlling effects on the root knot nematode disease.
[0043] Table 4 Preventing and controlling effect of Chinese herbal medicament on peanut root knot nematode disease (potted)
Pot test (%) (%) effects (%)
Chinese herbal medicament 100.00 34.17 62.03aA
Carbendazim 100.00 37.50 58.33aA
Clean water control (CK) 100.00 90.00 —
[0044] Test example 3: field application of Chinese herbal medicament to prevent and control peanut soil-borne disease and yield increasing effects on continuous cropping peanuts
[0045] The test was carried out in Chengyang District, Qingdao City which is a continuous cropping field for peanuts for three years, with severe incidence of southern blight disease, root rot disease, root knot nematode disease, and other serious diseases for peanuts. A random block design was adopted, with peanuts distributed at 70 square meters per plot, and repeated 4 times. Clean water was taken as a blank control, and 50% carbendazim wettable powder 100 g/mu and 3% abamectin microcapsule suspension 400 ml/mu were taken as positive controls. Before sowing, the
Chinese herbal medicament original solution was applied to ditches according to a standard of 400 ml/mu, 50% carbendazim wettable powder was applied to ditches according to a standard of 100 g/mu, and 3% abamectin microcapsule suspension were applied to ditches according to a standard of 400 ml/mu. Other field management was the same as normal production. Before peanut harvest, each plot was surveyed in a middle row, with 40 plants in each plot and a total of 160 plants.
Incidence of southern blight disease, root rot disease, and root knot nematode disease were surveyed, and the preventing and controlling effects were calculated; 12 square meters was 7 collected per plot to survey peanut yield. LUS04236
[0046] Test result
[0047] The peanut plants were treated with the Chinese herbal medicament prepared in
Embodiment 2 for field application; the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on peanut southern blight disease reached 68.29%, extremely significantly higher than the preventing and controlling effect of the control medicament carbendazim; the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on peanut root rot disease was 59.76%, also extremely significantly higher than that of the control medicament carbendazim; the preventing and controlling effect of the medicament on peanut root knot nematode disease was 55.50%, slightly higher than that of the control medicament 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate, but a difference between the two is not significant (Table 5).
[0048] The yield of peanuts per mu treated with the Chinese herbal medicament reached 362.09 kg, an increase of 53.91% as compared with the blank control, which indicates that the
Chinese herbal medicament is capable of significantly increased the peanut yield (Table 6).
[0049] Table 5 Preventing and controlling effect of Chinese herbal medicament on peanut soil-borne disease (southern blight, root rot, root knot nematode)
Southern blight Root rot Root knot nematode
Preventing Preventing Preventing
Incidence Condition and Incidence Condition and Incidence Condition and
Treatment rate index controlling rate index controlling rate index controlling effect effect effect (0) (0) (0) (%) (%) (%) ©%) (%) (%) hinese herbal mixed med: 7.50 4.06 68.29aA 11.25 5.47 59.76aA 100.00 37.34 55.50aA
CarbendazimC 1250 656 48.77bB 15.00 797 41.36bB — — —
CKD
Abamectin (CK,) — — — — — — 100.00 41.56 50.47aA
Clean water control (CK,) 2188 1281 — 2375 13.59 — 100.00 83.91 —
[0050] Table 6 Effect of Chinese herbal medicament on continuous cropping peanut yield
Yield (kg) Yield increase as compared with CK
Treatment VW 0
Replant 1 Replant2 Replant3 Replant4 Average Yield per mu (%)
Chinese herbal mixed medi 6.93 6.17 7.22 5.75 6.52 362.09aA 22.80
Carbendazim 5.77 6.72 6.38 5.94 620 344.59aA 16.86 (CK)
Abamectin(CK,) 6.31 7.02 6.26 6.33 6.48 360.00aA 22.09
Clean water 4.97 5.32 5.65 5.29 5.31 294.86bB — — Control (CRY 2 8
[0051] Test examples 1 to 3 illustrate that the Chinese herbal medicament for preveht#R84236 and controlling the peanut soil-borne diseases according to the present disclosure has preventing and controlling effects on various common peanut diseases, and can significantly increase the yield of continuous cropping peanuts.
[0052] The above-described embodiments are only description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Without departing from the design spirit of the present disclosure, various modifications and improvements made by those ordinarily skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present disclosure should fall within the protection scope of determined in the claims of the present disclosure. 9
Claims (5)
1. A Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, wherein, the medicament is composed of raw materials below: 13 to 17 weight portions of Phellodendron amurense, 13 to 17 weight portions of Sophora flavescens, 10 to 13 weight portions of Melia azedarach bark, 10 to 13 weight portions of Rheum officinale, 7 to 10 weight portions of Gleditsia sinensis, 7 to 10 weight portions of Radix stemonae, 7 to 10 weight portions of Lappula myosotis, 7 to 10 weight portions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 7 to 10 weight portions of Capsicum annuum L., and 4 to 7 weight portions of tobacco leaves.
2. The Chinese herbal medicament according to claim 1, wherein, the medicament 1s composed of raw materials below: 15 weight portions of Phellodendron amurense, 15 weight portions of Sophora flavescens, 12 weight portions of Melia azedarach bark, 12 weight portions of Rheum officinale, 8 weight portions of Gleditsia sinensis, 8 weight portions of Radix stemonae, 8 weight portions of Lappula myosotis, 8 weight portions of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, 8 weight portions of Capsicum annuum L., and 6 weight portions of tobacco leaves.
3. À preparation method of a Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases, comprising specific steps of: following the formula according to claim 1, mixing all raw medicinal materials and breaking into granules with sizes from a bean size to a peanut size; adding water that is 10 times the amount of the raw medicinal materials, sealing, soaking for 15 to 30 days, stirring every two days, and filtering after soaking; adding vinegar to the filtrate, adjusting a pH value to 5 to 6; and storing in shade.
4. An application of the Chinese herbal medicament for preventing and controlling peanut soil-borne diseases according to claim 1, used for increasing yield of continuous cropping peanuts.
5. The application according to claim 4, wherein, Chinese herbal medicament original solution is diluted 200 times, and applied to ditches according to a standard of 4000 to 5000 ml/mu before sowing. 10
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