LU503331B1 - Physical model experimental device of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage - Google Patents
Physical model experimental device of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D9/00—Priming; Preventing vapour lock
- F04D9/004—Priming of not self-priming pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
- F05B2260/422—Storage of energy in the form of potential energy, e.g. pressurized or pumped fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimize the performance of a machine
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, which is characterized by comprising an experimental pipeline system, a circulating water system, a variable-speed pumped storage unit, a governor system, a converter system, a coordinated control device, a compressed air system, a data collection system, an intelligent load system and a monitoring system. The present invention aims to provide a physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, which can meet the experimental requirements of all operating conditions of the prototype power station, as well as the experimental conditions of over-operating working conditions and extreme working conditions that can't or dare not be carried out in the prototype power station, and help deepen the technical advantages of variable-speed operation of excavator units and demonstrate the operating performance of variable-speed units in various working conditions.
Description
DESCRIPTION LU503331
PHYSICAL MODEL EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE OF HYDRAULIC-MECHANICAL-
ELECTRICAL COUPLING SYSTEM FOR VARIABLE-SPEED PUMPED STORAGE
The invention relates to the technical field of model tests of pumped storage power stations, and in particular to a physical model experimental device of the hydraulic- mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage.
The variable-speed pumped storage unit has become a new development direction of the global pumped storage industry with its superior dynamic performance and technical advantages. In the prior art, the research on the variable-speed pumped storage technology is mostly based on numerical simulation means, and the lack of necessary real machine verification or physical model experiment seriously restricts the development of variable-speed pumped storage technology. According to IEC60193 standard, carrying out physical model experiment is the key step for variable-speed unit to put into operation, which directly determines the safety, reliability and stability of variable-speed unit. There are the following difficulties in using real machine verification or physical model experiment: (1) At present, the number of variable-speed pumped storage power stations that can be operated in the world is small, and most of the real power stations are mainly profitable. The field experiment has certain risks and high time cost, so it is difficult to carry out real machine verification in the above power stations; (2)
The construction cost of physical model experiment table is high and the experiment period is long, especially the physical model experiment table for dynamic characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit needs to consider different subsystems.
The physical model tests of pumped storage units at home and abroad are mainly divided into three forms: (1) With Harbin Electric Corporation co., Ltd, TEPCO, Voith
Group and other large hydro machinery manufacturers, Swiss federal Institute Pli503331
Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), and Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) as representatives, they conducted model test research on the operating characteristics of hydraulic turbines/pump turbines. The model experiment table is only based on setting the corresponding model units, and studies the energy characteristics, cavitation characteristics, pressure fluctuation characteristics and runaway characteristics of the hydraulic machinery, without considering the influence of the layout of the water conveyance pipeline, surge chamber and pipeline on the characteristics and dynamic performance of the units. (2) The model experiment research on the transition process of the full-flow pipeline system of the power station, represented by hydraulic laboratories at home and abroad such as Tsinghua University and Hohai University, has been carried out. In this kind of experiment, the valve is used instead of the hydraulic turbine/pump turbine, and the influence of hydraulic mechanical flow characteristics on the transition process of the characteristic nodes of the water pipeline is ignored; (3) The model experiment of hydraulic generator (AC motor) represented by Uppsala University in Sweden and University of Manchester in England, etc. This kind of experiment adopts motor-to-drag experiment, focusing on the characteristics of doubly-fed induction motor and AC excitation control strategy, without considering the influence of hydraulic machinery and pipeline system.
However, the variable-speed pumped storage technology has changed the coupling mode and dynamic characteristics of multiple physical quantities of hydraulic - mechanical - electrical - control in traditional pumped storage power station. The transition process is a complex dynamic process in which hydraulic, mechanical, electrical, and control subsystems coordinate and influence each other. Ignoring any one of the subsystems will have a negative impact on the model test results.
SUMMARY LU503331
According to the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, which can test the operational performance and dynamic characteristics of variable-speed units in various working conditions, and has experimental conditions that can meet the over-operating range working conditions and extreme working conditions that the real power stations cannot or dare not run in prototype power stations.
To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, which includes an experimental pipeline system, a circulating water system, a variable-speed pumped storage unit, a governor system, a converter system, a coordinated control device, a compressed air system, a data collection system, an intelligent load system and a monitoring system; the circulating water system is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and is used for realizing the water circulation of the physical model experiment device; the variable-speed pumped storage unit is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and the experimental discharge is provided for the variable-speed pumped storage unit through the experimental pipeline system, the experimental pipeline system is used for observing the hydraulic transient characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the variable-speed pumped storage unit is used for testing the energy characteristics, cavitation characteristics and pressure pulsation characteristics; the governor system is connected with the guide vane of the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for regulating the flow of the variable- speed pumped storage unit; the converter system is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for AC excitation and grid-connected regulation of the generator motor; the compressed air system is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for condenser dewatering under the self-starting 503331 condition of the water pump; the data collection system is used for collecting the sensor signals of the whole physical model experimental device in real time; the intelligent load system is connected with the stator outlet of the doubly-fed induction motor of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for testing the dynamic characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit in isolated power system operation; the monitoring system is used for implementing operation management, data processing, real-time monitoring and control functions for the whole physical model experimental device; the coordinated control device is connected with the monitoring system, the governor system and the converter system, receives the instruction of the monitoring system, and transmits the optimal opening signal and the optimal rotate speed signal to the governor system and the converter system respectively by optimizing the operating point.
Further, the experimental pipeline system comprises an upstream closed pressure tank, an upstream side pressure diversion pipeline, a downstream side draft tube, a multifunctional downstream water tank and a surge chamber, one end of the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline is connected with the upstream closed pressure tank, and the other end is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, which is also connected with one end of the downstream side draft tube, and the other end of the downstream side draft tube is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank; and the downstream side draft tube is provided with a surge chamber.
Further, the experimental pipeline system also includes an expansion joint, the first expansion joint is arranged between the draft tube diffusion section and the downstream side draft tube, and the second expansion joint is arranged between the volute and the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline. The expansion joint is used to relieve the water hammer pressure of the pipeline to the variable-speed pumped storage unit.
Further, the circulating water system consists of a variable frequency pump system, a main water supply pipeline, an upstream water supply pipeline, an upstream drainage pipeline, a downstream water supply pipeline, a downstream water drainage pipeline, 2503331 water supply and drainage pipeline, a downstream overflow pipeline, an underground reservoir and a water supply pump. The variable frequency pump system is used to provide a constant and adjustable upstream water pressure to the upstream closed pressure tank, and the water supply pump supplies water to the upstream closed pressure tank and the multifunctional downstream water tank through the main water supply pipeline. The upstream water supply pipeline and the upstream drainage pipeline are respectively used for supplying water and draining water to the upstream closed pressure tank, the downstream water supply pipeline and the downstream drainage pipeline are used for supplying water and draining water to the multifunctional downstream water tank, the water supply and drainage pipeline is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank to supplement and leak the flow of the multifunctional downstream water tank under wave disturbance, and the downstream overflow pipeline is connected with the overflow gate of the multifunctional downstream water tank to track the movement of the overflow gate, and the excess flow overflows from the downstream overflow pipeline.
Further, the physical model experimental device includes a power generation mode and a water pumping mode, and the power generation mode includes:
Step 101: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank;
Step 102: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank;
Step 103: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the power generation process, water in the upstream closed pressure tank flows to the multifunctional downstream water tank through the experimental pipeline system, the water flow drives the pump turbine to generate electricity, and the water from the multifunctional downstream water tank overflows the overflow weir and flows to the underground reservoir through the downstream overflow pipeline;
The water pumping mode includes:
Step 201: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank;
Step 202: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank;
Step 203: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the pumping condition flow, and turning on the flow regulating valve, and the pump turbine pumps water from the multifunctional downstream water tank to the upstream closed pressure tank through the experimental pipeline system, and the water in the upstream closed 503331 pressure tank flows to the underground reservoir through the upstream drainage pipeline;
Step 204: adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve through the governor to change the flow of the pump turbine, and adjusting the input force of the pump turbine through the variable-speed operation of the converter.
Further, the variable-speed pumped storage unit comprises a unit supporting platform, a variable-speed pump turbine, a doubly-fed induction motor and a flywheel device, the unit supporting platform is used for fixing the variable-speed pump turbine, the doubly-fed induction motor and the flywheel device; the variable-speed pump turbine is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor, and water energy is converted into mechanical energy through the variable-speed pump turbine; and the flywheel device is used for providing different rotational inertia for the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and testing the variable-speed pumped storage unit at different inertia times.
Further, the coordinated control device comprises an automatic mode and a manual mode. In the automatic mode, the cooperative controller optimally solves the optimal rotate speed and the optimal opening in real time through the optimal efficiency tracking strategy based on BP neural network. In the manual mode, the upper computer screen cabinet of the coordinated control device can independently set the mechanical rotate speed value and the guide vane opening value to meet the requirements of multi-scene experiments, and the coordinated control device sends the obtained optimal mechanical rotate speed and the optimal guide vane opening to the converter system and the governor system, respectively, so as to realize the rotate speed adjustment and the opening adjustment.
Further, the compressed air system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank, a main air compressor solenoid valve and an exhaust backwater solenoid valve, where the air storage tank is communicated with the air compressor, the air compressor is used for communicating with the variable-speed pumped storage unit, the main air compressor solenoid valve is used for openably communicating between the air compressor and the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the exhaust backwater solenoid valve is used for draining and exhausting.
Further, the compressed air system includes a compressed air system stage since the water pump starts and an exhaust and return water stage. LU503331
Further, the monitoring system comprises a main control layer and a local control unit layer, the remote control mode is realized through the main control layer, and the local control mode is realized through the local control unit layer, the main control layer and the local control unit layer adopt a fast switching dual Ethernet bus for data communication; the main control layer can manage, process data, monitor and control the equipment operation of each subsystem of the model experiment device in real time, and is used for one-key start-up, routine operation, basic adjustment and other operations; when the main control layer fails, the local control unit layer can independently complete the operation and control of the model experimental device, and is also suitable for trial and error and extreme working condition experimental operation in various experimental scenes of power generation mode and water pumping mode.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage described in the present invention is a model experiment device of dynamic characteristics of variable-speed pumped storage with complete hydraulic-mechanical-electrical control subsystems, which is mainly used to carry out scientific research on mechanism and regularity of common technical problems existing in the design, commissioning and operation of variable-speed pumped storage power stations, it lays a theoretical foundation and provides technical reference for the subsequent actual construction and operation of variable-speed pumped storage power stations in China. 2. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage described in the present invention can carry out all working condition experiments of real power stations in normal operation, and also has out-of-range empirical experiments that cannot be carried out in real power stations and high-risk extreme working condition experiments that the real power stations dare not run. Through the dynamic characteristic model experiment, the efficiency performance, output performance, input performance, pressure pulsation performance and variable-speed performance of pumped storage units in variable-speed operation can be analyzed, and the dynamic characteristics in the transition process can be discussefl 50333 4 which is helpful to dig the technical advantages of variable-speed pumped storage units.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the experimental pipeline system and the circulating water system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable-speed pumped storage unit of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows an electric servomotor of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic control diagram of the converter system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the converter system and other subsystems of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a signal flow diagram of the coordinated control device of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the compressed air system of the present invention.
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Further, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive 503331 purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or an implied indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining a "first," "second," or the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.
A physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, includes an experimental pipeline system, a circulating water system, a variable-speed pumped storage unit, a governor system, a converter system, a coordinated control device, a compressed air system, an intelligent load system 35 and a monitoring system 11.
Specifically, the circulating water system is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and is used for realizing the water circulation of the physical model experiment device.
The variable speed pumped storage unit is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and the experimental discharge is provided for the variable-speed pumped storage unit through the experimental pipeline system, the experimental pipeline system is used for observing the hydraulic transient characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the variable-speed pumped storage unit is used for testing the energy characteristics, cavitation characteristics and pressure pulsation characteristics.
The governor system is connected with the guide vane of the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for regulating the flow of the variable- speed pumped storage unit.
The converter system is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for AC excitation and grid-connected regulation of the generator motor.
The compressed air system is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for condenser dewatering under the self-starting condition of the water pump.
The data collection system is used for collecting the sensor signals of the whole physical model experimental device in real time.
The intelligent load system 35 is connected with the stator outlet of the doubly-fed, 503331 induction motor 22 of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for testing the dynamic characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit in isolated power system operation.
The monitoring system 11 is used for implementing operation management, data processing, real-time monitoring and control functions for the whole physical model experimental device.
The coordinated control device is connected with the monitoring system 11, the governor system and the converter system, receives the instruction of the monitoring system 11, and transmits the optimal opening signal and the optimal rotate speed signal to the governor system and the converter system respectively by optimizing the operating point.
The invention is a model experiment device of dynamic characteristics of variable- speed pumped storage with complete hydraulic-mechanical-electrical control subsystems.
It is mainly used to carry out scientific research on mechanism and regularity of common technical problems existing in the design, commissioning and operation of variable-speed pumped storage power stations, aiming at laying a theoretical foundation and providing technical reference for the subsequent actual construction and operation of variable- speed pumped storage power stations in China.
In addition, the invention can carry out all working condition experiments of normal operation of real power stations, and also has out-of-range empirical experiments that cannot be carried out in real power stations and high-risk extreme working condition experiments that the real power stations dare not run. Through the dynamic characteristic model experiment, the efficiency performance, output performance, input performance, pressure pulsation performance and variable-speed performance of pumped storage units in variable-speed operation can be analyzed, and the dynamic characteristics in the transition process can be discussed, which is helpful to dig the technical advantages of variable-speed pumped storage units.
The experimental pipeline system is described in detail below.
The experimental pipeline system includes an upstream closed pressure tank 1, an upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2, a downstream side draft tube 3, a multifunctional downstream water tank 4 and a surge chamber. One end of the upstream 503331 side pressure diversion pipeline 2 is connected with the upstream closed pressure tank 1, and the other end is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, which is connected with one end of the downstream side draft tube 3, and the other end of the downstream side draft tube 3 is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank 4. The downstream side draft tube 3 is provided with a surge chamber.
The experimental pipeline system also includes an expansion joint. The first expansion joint 5 is arranged between the draft tube diffusion section and the downstream side draft tube 3, and the second expansion joint 6 is arranged between the volute 25 and the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2. The expansion joint is used to relieve the water hammer pressure of the pipeline to the variable-speed pumped storage unit.
In the embodiment of the invention, according to the pipeline topological structure of the prototype Dawanshanlsland pumped storage power station, the pipeline layout is carried out according to the 1:4 model scale. The pipeline layout parameters are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 The main parameters of the experimental pipeline system
Average
Pipe length | Piping | Equivalent| Overall |Discharge
Pipeline section numbers velocity (m) Type area (m?) |length (m)| (m3) (m/s)
Standpipe 1.150 |Steellining| 0.126 0.159 1.268
L1 Inlet and section outlet of Diffusion 0.450 |Steellining| 0.193 2.441 0.159 0.941 upper section reservoir Horizontal 0.841 Steel lining| 0.260 0.159 0.614 pipe section
L2 Diversion pipe 76.585 |Steellining| 0.260 76.5853 0.319 1.228
L3 Branch section 2.960 Steel lining| 0.165 0.319 2.868
L4 To volute inlet 8547 |Steellining| 0.071 8.547 0.319 4.509
L5 Volute 1.708 jSteellining| 0.071 1.708 0.319 4.509
Straight cone 0.494 |Steellining| 0.084 0.319 4.094 section
Elbow
L6 Draft tube 0.981 Steel lining| 0.103 1.6779 0.319 3.103 section
Diffusion 0.203 teel lining| 0.176 0.319 2.238 section
L7 Expansion joint 3.036 Steel lining] 0.252 3.036 0.319 1.262
L8 Branch section 3.765 Steel lining] 0.308 3.765 0.319 1.070
L9 Surge tank | 292 steel ining 0.363 0.319 0.878
L10 Downstream pipeline 94.061 [(Steellining| 0.363 94.061 0.319 0.878
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to adjust each pipeline, the upstream 503331 closed pressure tank 1 is directly connected with the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2, and an electric butterfly valve is arranged in the middle; the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2 is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and an electric ball valve 30 is arranged in the middle; the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit is connected with the downstream draft tube 3, and an expansion joint is arranged in the middle to relieve the water hammer pressure in the transition process; the downstream draft tube 3 is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank 4, and a surge chamber is arranged in the middle to observe the surge fluctuation characteristics of the surge chamber in the transition process.
The circulating water system is described in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 2, the circulating water system consists of a variable frequency pump system 8, a main water supply pipeline, an upstream water supply pipeline 9, an upstream drainage pipeline 10, a downstream water supply pipeline, a downstream water supply pipeline 17, a water supply and discharge pipeline 18, a downstream overflow pipeline 16, an underground reservoir 19 and a water supply pump 20. The variable frequency pump system 8 is used to provide a constant and adjustable upstream water pressure to the upstream closed pressure tank 1, and the water pump 20 supplies water to the upstream closed pressure tank 1 and the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 through the main water supply pipeline, the upstream water supply pipeline 9 and the upstream drainage pipeline 10 are respectively used for supplying water and draining water to the upstream closed pressure tank 1, the downstream water supply pipeline and the downstream drainage pipeline 17 are used for supplying water and draining water to the multifunctional downstream water tank 4, the water supply and drainage pipeline 18 is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 to supplement and leak the flow of the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 under wave disturbance. The downstream overflow pipeline 16 is connected with the overflow grate of the multifunctional downstream water tank 4, and is used for the water level of the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 to track the movement of the overflow grate, and the excess flow overflows from the downstream overflow pipe 16.
In the present invention, the circulating water system needs to meet the experimental 503331 head and reduced seepage rate under the two working modes of power generation and water pumping of the model experimental device;
In the power generation mode, the circulating flow direction of water flow is shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 3, and the steps of the power generation mode are as follows:
Step 101: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank 4;
Step 102: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank 1;
Step 103: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the power generation process, water in the upstream closed pressure tank 1 flows to the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 through the experimental pipeline system, the water flow drives the pump turbine to generate electricity, and the water from the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 overflows the overflow weir 34 and flows to the underground reservoir 19 through the downstream overflow pipeline 16;
In step 101, the downstream water supply valve and the downstream water supplement valve are opened, the upstream water supply valve and the downstream drainage valve are closed. The water supply pump 20 pumps water from the underground reservoir 19 to the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 through the downstream water supply pipeline, the water make-up and drainage pipeline 18. After the water overflows through the downstream overflow pipeline 16, the downstream water supply valve is closed.
In step 102, the upstream water supply valve and the exhaust valve 14is opened, the flow rate regulating valve is slightly opened to 8% opening, the water supply pump 20 pumps water to the upstream closed pressure tank 1, the exhaust valve 14 is closed after the water from the upstream drainage pipe 10 comes out, the upstream pressure is set on the frequency conversion control cabinet, the frequency conversion pump system 8 is started, and the upstream pressure is stabilized at the set value under frequency conversion control.
In the pumping mode, the circulating flow direction of water flow is shown by the dotted arrow in FIG. 2, and the operation steps of the pumping mode are as follows:
Step 201: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank 1;
Step 202: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank 4;
Step 203: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the PUMPING 503331 condition flow, and turning on the flow regulating valve, and the pump turbine pumps water from the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 to the upstream closed pressure tank 1 through the experimental pipeline system, and the water in the upstream closed pressure tank 1 flows to the underground reservoir 19 through the upstream drainage pipeline 10;
Step 204: changing the flow of the pump turbine by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve through the governor, and adjusting the input force of the pump turbine through the variable-speed operation of the converter, so that the operating point in the pumping mode can be flexibly moved in the full or even over-operating range of the pump on the model experimental device.
In step 201, the upstream water supply valve and exhaust valve 14 are opened, the flow regulating valve is slightly opened to 8% opening, the upstream water supply valve is closed, the water supply pump 20 pumps water to the upstream closed pressure tank 1 through the upstream water supply pipeline 9, and the exhaust valve 14 and the flow regulating valve are closed after the upstream drainage pipeline 10 gives water.
In step 202: the upstream water supply valve is closed, the downstream water supply valve and the downstream water supply valve are opened, the upstream water supply valve and the downstream drainage valve are closed, and the water supply pump 20 pumps water from the underground reservoir 19 to the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 through the downstream water supply pipeline and the drainage pipeline 18.
The invention can be used for researching the operation strategies of the variable- speed pumped storage unit under different working conditions of power generation and pumping modes, including the grid-connected strategy of asynchronous speed start-up of the turbine, the cooperative operation strategy of the water pump self-starting converter and the governor, and the guide vane action rule under extreme working conditions, thus accumulating experience for the debugging and operation of the variable-speed unit.
In the water pumping mode of the invention, the model experimental device has three adjustment modes: opening adjustment (realized by speed governor), rotating speed adjustment (realized by current transformer) and flow adjustment (realized by the flow control system of upstream closed pressure tank 1), which can realize the flexible migration of pump operating points in the whole operating range and effectively reveal 503331 the cooperative operation relationship of pump operating conditions of variable-speed pumped storage units, and the corresponding relationship between flow, lift and output.
The variable-speed pumped storage unit will be described in detail below.
The variable-speed pumped storage unit includes a unit supporting platform 23, a variable-speed pump turbine 21, a doubly-fed induction motor 22 and a flywheel device 24. The unit supporting platform 23 is used for fixing the variable-speed pump turbine 21, the doubly-fed induction motor 22 and the flywheel device 24. The variable-speed pump turbine 21 is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor 22 to convert water energy into mechanical energy through the variable-speed pump turbine 21, and the flywheel device 24 is used for providing different rotational inertia for the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and testing the variable-speed pumped storage unit at different inertia times.
Specifically, the variable-speed pump turbine 21 includes a volute 25, a fixed guide vane 51, a movable guide vane 52, a guide vane control crank arm 53, a reversible runner 54, a transmission main shaft 27, a mechanical glass cone 55, a water pipe and a diffusion section 26.
The unit support platform 23 is divided into a top layer, a middle layer and a lower layer; the doubly-fed motor is fixed on the top layer of the unit support platform 23; the reversible pump turbine 21 is connected with the big plate bolt of the unit support platform 23 through the volute 25, and is suspended at the lower layer of the support platform; the flywheel device 24 is installed between the doubly-fed induction motor 22 and the reversible pump turbine 21, and is fixed in the middle layer of the unit support platform 23 through hydrostatic bearings.
The variable-speed pumped storage unit operates differently in the power generation mode and the pumping mode. Specifically, in the power generation mode, the governor system drives the movable guide vanes to open by controlling the crank arm of the guide vanes, and the water in the upstream closed pressure tank 1 passes through the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2, the ball valve 30 and the volute 25 to flow into the runner chamber and impact the reversible runner 54 to rotate. The reversible runner 54 drives the transmission spindle 27 and transmits the water torque to the doubly- fed induction motor 22, which converts the water torque into electromagnetic torque under the AC excitation control of the converter system and transmits the electric energy to th8)50333 4 power grid 15 or the intelligent load. The water flows through the plexiglass cone, draft tube and diffusion section 26 to the downstream side draft tube 3, and finally flows into the multifunctional downstream water tank 4.
In the water pumping mode, the water pressure in the runner chamber is reduced to below that of the runner by charging and pressing water, and the converter system drives the pump turbine to rotate and speed up. When the speed reaches the grid-connected speed, the converter system controls the double-fed asynchronous motor 22 to be connected to the grid at the same time, and the reversible runner is immersed in water by exhaust backwater. The double-fed asynchronous motor 22 converts electric energy into rotational mechanical energy, and drives the reversible runner to rotate through the transmission spindle 27, pumping water from the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 into the upstream closed pressure tank 1, and finally energy conversion from electric energy to water flow potential energy is realized
In the embodiment of the invention, the operation parameter tables of the pump turbine and the doubly-fed motor are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 The main operation parameters of pump turbine and doubly-fed motor
Pump turbine Doubly-fed generator
Type A1538 Type YSF315M-6
Rated output (kW) 80.46 Rated power (kW) 90
Runner diameter of low- 0.285 Rated frequency (Hz) 50 pressure side (m)
Runner diameter of high- Stator rated voltage 0.448 380 pressure side (m) (V)
Stator rated current
Number of runner blades 7 136.7 (A)
Rotor rated current
Fixed guide vane number 20 55 (A)
Distribution circle diameter of Rotor rated voltage 0.531 986 guide vane (V)
The height of the guide vane 0.056 Working mode S1 (m)
High pressure measuring 0.065 Rated speed (r/min) 1000 section (m?)
Low pressure measuring 0.174 Generator poles 6 section (m?)
Maximum gross head(m) 31.05 Motor Phases 3
Minimum gross head(m) 24.48 Winding types AN
Average gross head(m) 29.13 Installation method Vertical type
Maximum static suction head 29.13 IP grade IP44 of pump(m)
Minimum static suction head of 24.81 Insulation grade F pump(m)
Speed range +8% Speed range 920-1080 rpm
Tidal range of prototype power 1.325 Cooling mode Forced air cooling station(m) LU503331
The similarity law 1:4 Cooling blower 1.1kW,380V,50Hz
In the present invention, the flywheel device 24, which adopts to various scales of moment of inertia, can flexibly change the counterweight according to different model similarity rates of hydraulic mechanical systems and electrical systems, and be used for different moment of inertia experiment requirements.
The governor system is described in detail below.
The governor system includes a governor control cabinet 29, a ball valve 30 and a servomotor device 28. The governor control cabinet 29 adopts a programmable logic controller 12, which can realize the synchronous adjustment of the opening of the ball valve 30 and the opening of the guide vane of the pump turbine.
Taking WDT-1000 pump turbine governor, which is widely used in the industry, as an example. It has three modes: unit frequency regulation, opening regulation and power regulation; proportional, integral and differential control parameters can be set for automatic control of three adjustment modes; the closing rules of guide vanes and ball valves 30 can also be set for the transient process experiment under load rejection or shutdown conditions;
Taking opening adjustment as an example, the specific operation mode of the governor system is that the programmable logic controller 12 calculates a relay stroke signal through PID control according to the deviation of the optimal opening set value and the actual opening feedback value and transmits the signal to the servomotor device 28, the servo motor of the servomotor device 28 accurately controls the action of the movable guide vane according to the relay stroke signal, and the opening value of the movable guide vane is fed back to the programmable logic controller 12 in real time to form closed- loop adjustment; as shown in FIG. 5, this embodiment adopts a rear swinging servomotor device 28, omitting the oil system, and realizing the accurate, flexible and rapid adjustment of the guide vanes of the model experimental device; as shown in FIG. 6, the converter system consists of a circuit breaker, a phase change switch, a filter, a grid-side converter 39, a DC bus 40, a rotor-side converter 38,
voltage and current sensors and corresponding control systems; the rotor of the doubly 503331 fed motor is connected to the power grid 15 through the rotor side converter 38, the DC bus 40, the power grid side converter 39, the filter and the circuit breaker; the stator is directly connected to the power grid 15 through the circuit breaker, the phase change switch, etc., where QS3 is a power generation phase change switch and QS4 is a water pumping phase change switch. Different contactors should be put into operation under different working conditions to ensure that the phase sequence of the stator of the unit is consistent with the power grid 15; when the water pump of the unit starts automatically, the stator short-circuit switch should be put into operation, and the amplitude, phase and frequency of the rotor excitation current should be adjusted by the current transformer, so that the stator side induces the magnetic field, and the pump turbine is driven to gradually increase speed by the frequency difference of the rotating magnetic field.
In the converter system, the circuit breaker is the connecting switch between the doubly-fed induction motor 22 and the power grid 15, the phase-change switch is responsible for the phase sequence switching between the water pumping mode and the power generation mode of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the filter is used to suppress the voltage harmonics. The grid-side converter 39 is responsible for converting the alternating current into the direct current, and the rotor-side converter 38 is responsible for converting the direct current into the alternating current. The voltage and current sensors belong to the electrical secondary equipment and are responsible for real-time acquisition of the stator and rotor voltages and currents; the converter system also has an electrical protection function, which can automatically trigger the shutdown protection in case of temperature rise exceeding the limit, low voltage ride through, three-phase short circuit and other faults; the converter system is divided into an upper computer 32 and a lower computer, and has two working modes: remote and local. As shown in FIG. 7, in the remote mode, the converter receives the optimal rotational speed value of the coordinated control device through optical fiber 33 communication and adjusts the rotational speed. In the local mode, the mechanical rotational speed and reactive power settings can be set independently on the screen cabinet of the upper computer 32, but the settings of mechanical rotational speed and reactive power need to be within a reasonable range;
the mechanical speed signal is sent to the converter system through the coded disc 503334 cable to realize the closed-loop feedback of the mechanical speed.
The coordinated control device will be described in detail below.
The coordinated control device is composed of a programmable logic controller 12 and its peripheral I/O interface; as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the input signals of the coordinated control device are working head and set value of unit power, and the output signals are optimal opening signal and optimal mechanical rotate speed signal.
As shown in FIG. 8, the coordinated control device has two modes: automatic mode and manual mode. In the automatic mode, the linkage controller adopts the optimal efficiency tracking strategy based on BP neural network to realize the real-time optimal solution of the optimal rotate speed and the optimal opening. In the manual mode, the mechanical rotate speed and the opening of the guide vane can be set independently by the screen cabinet of the upper computer 32 of the coordinated control device to meet the requirements of multi-scene experiments. The coordinated control device sends the obtained optimal mechanical rotate speed signal and the optimal guide vane opening signal to the converter system and the governor system, respectively, to realize rotate speed adjustment and opening adjustment.
The compressed air system will be described in detail below.
The compressed air system includes an air storage tank 41, a filter 42, an air dryer 43, an air compressor 44, a pressure regulating valve 45, an air transmission pipeline 46, a main air pressure solenoid valve 47, an air supplement valve 48, an exhaust return water solenoid valve 49, and a water pressure liquid level gauge 50. The layout diagram is shown in FIG. 9;
The air storage tank 41 is connected with the air dryer 43 through the filter 42, and the air dryer 43 is connected with the air compressor 44 through the filter 42, and the pipe fittings are connected through flanges. The filter 42 and the air dryer 43 are used to ensure that the air supplied by the air storage tank 41 to the air compressor 44 is dust-free, impurity-free and dry; the air compressor 44 passes through the pressure regulating valve 45, the air transmission pipeline 46, the main air pressure solenoid valve 47, the air supplement valve 48, the exhaust return electromagnetic valve 49, etc. are connected to the air inlet on the top cover of the reversible pump turbine. The water pressure liquid level gauge 50 and various electromagnetic valves are connected to the monitoring 503331 system 11 through signal lines, and the monitoring system 11 controls the electromagnetic valves according to the phase modulation and water pressure process. The function of the air compressor 44 is to provide stable and adjustable high-pressure gas for reducing the water pressure in the runner chamber to below the runner; the function of the pressure regulating valve 45 is to manually regulate the gas pressure and further regulate the water level of the runner chamber; the air transmission pipeline 46 serves to transport the air in the air storage tank 41 to the runner chamber; the main air pressure solenoid valve 47 serves as an air supply switch in the phase modulation and water pressure stage; the exhaust return water solenoid valve 49 serves as an exhaust switch in the exhaust backwater stage; the function of the air supplement valve 48 is to supplement air in time to keep the liquid level of the runner chamber stable in case of air leakage in the runner chamber; the water pressure liquid level gauge 50 is used for monitoring the liquid level of the runner chamber; the compressed air system is mainly used in the phase-regulating water pressure stage and the exhaust return water stage since the pump starts. The operation steps of the phase-regulating water pressure stage include:
When regulating the phase and pressing water, ensuring that the ball valve 30 is fully closed and the guide vanes are fully closed, the air compressor 44 works, the main air pressure solenoid valve 47 is connected to the phase and pressing water valve to open, and the compressed air is pumped into the runner chamber. The water pressure liquid level gauge 50 feeds back the water level change in the runner chamber, and after the water level drops below the runner, start the converter, and follow the soft start process of the water pump. The rotating wheel rotates and accelerates in the air, and the inflation pressure of the unit can be changed through the pressure regulating valve 45, so that the liquid level of the rotating wheel chamber is finely regulated, and the unit is connected with the grid after the rotating speed is increased to the variable-speed range; the operation steps of the exhaust return water stage include: in the exhaust return water stage, closing the main air pressure solenoid valve 47 and the supplementary valve 48, and opening the exhaust return water solenoid valve 49 and the volute exhaust valve.
At this time, the water level rises until the runner splashes and builds pressure. After the pressure is successfully built, closing the exhaust return water solenoid valve 49 and 8503331 volute exhaust valve, and the exhaust return water is completed. After the monitoring system 11 receives the completion of the exhaust return water, opening the ball valve 30.
After the ball valve 30 is opened to 40%, opening the guide vanes to the optimal opening.
The data collection system includes an upper computer 32, a multi-channel data acquisition analyzer 31 and various sensors. In the embodiment of the invention, the parameters of various sensors are shown in Table 3:
Table 3 The main parameters of various sensors of model experimental device
Measurement
Sensors Position (count) Error Signal type range
Volute (2) 0-0.6 (MPa)
Draft tube (2) -0.1-0.1 (MPa)
Pressure Surge tank (1) 0-0.6 (MPa) 0.075% 4-20 mA
Upper reservoir (1) -0.1-1 (MPa)
Downstream reservoir (1) -0.1-1 (MPa)
Discharge Water supply pipe (1) 0-2 m¥/s (Bidirectional 0.15% 4-20 mA
Before the VSU (1) 0-0.8 m3/s measurement) +Y direction (1) -Y direction (1)
Pressure pulsation -100-100 (Psi) <0.007kpa 4-20 mA
Volute (1)
Draft tube (1)
Guide vane angle Guide vane (1) 0-120° 0.1% 0-5 V
Servomotor stroke Servo system (1) 0-500 mm 0.1% 0-12 V
Magnetoelectric
Rotational speed Generator (1) 0-3000 r/min 0.08% sensor
Keyphasor
Rotational speed Flywheel (1) 0-5000 r/min 0.08% transducer
Unit frequency Generator stator (1) 0-20 kHz / 0.3-160 V
Grid frequency Power grid (1) 0-20 kHz / 0.3-160 V
Torque Rotating shaft (1) 0-1000 KN*m 0.02% Wireless
AC
Active power Generator stator (1) 0-200 kW Sampling 4-20 MA <25ms
Converter at the
Temperature / 0.1°C / generator side (1)
Converter at the grid side LU503331 (1)
Generator(4) / /
Generator frame (2)
Horizontal and
Flywheel frame (2)
Vibration 8V/mm 0.01 % vertical
Volute (2) measurement
Draft tube (2)
Upper guide bearing (2)
X and Y
Swing sensor Flywheel bearing (2) 8V/mm 0.01 % directions
Turbine guide bearing (2)
Multi-channel data acquisition analyzer 31 adopts GTS3-TG series turbine speed control system test simulator, which meets various national standards and power industry standards for on-line monitoring of hydropower units. It has been widely used in major hydropower stations and pumped storage power stations in China, and has high sampling accuracy and operation stability; the upper computer 32 of the data acquisition system is connected with a multichannel data acquisition analyzer 31 through optical fiber 33 communication, and the multichannel data acquisition analyzer 31 is connected with various types of sensors through signal lines, and has the functions of multichannel signal synchronous sampling, real-time data display and storage, data time-frequency domain analysis and report printing; the intelligent load system 35 is built with continuously adjustable resistance and inductance loads, and also includes an electrical parameter testing system, an automatic control system, and a software analysis system; where, the resistance load and the minimum step amplitude of the resistance load are 0.01kVA or 1KW, which can accurately provide the required electrical load for the parallel and isolated network operation of the model experimental device; the intelligent load system 35 is equipped with an E-STOP emergency stop switch, for detecting when the three-phase voltage is too high, giving an alarm and automatically stopping the machine; detecting when the three-phase voltage is too low, giving an alarm and automatically stopping the machine; and detecting when there are two temperature 503331 detection, giving an alarm and automatically stopping the machine. The response time is millisecond level, and the operation is safe and simple. the intelligent load system 35 is connected with the doubly-fed motor through the stator outlet circuit breaker 37, which is used for the parallel and isolated network operation of the model experiment device. When the model experiment device runs in parallel with the large network, the stator outlet circuit breaker 37 is directly connected with the power grid 15; the monitoring system 11 includes a main control layer and a local control unit layer, which have two control modes: remote control mode and local control mode, and data communication is carried out between them by fast switching dual Ethernet bus. The main control layer has the functions of equipment operation management, data processing, real-time operation monitoring and control of each subsystem of the model experiment device, and is used for one-button start-up, routine operation, basic adjustment and other operations; the ground control unit layer consists of an AC/DC dual power supply module, a MB 90 controller with redundant configuration, a touch screen, etc. MB 90 controller adopts a modular plug-in structure, which is composed of CPU module, power module, open module, open module, mold module, mold module and communication module, and completes data acquisition, data processing, operation monitoring and control of unit equipment. When the main control layer fails, the local control unit layer can independently complete the operation and control of the model experimental device, and it is also suitable for trial and error and extreme working condition experimental operation in various experimental scenes of power generation and water pumping.
The local control unit of the monitoring system 11 is connected with a speed governor system, a converter system, a coordinated control device, an intelligent load system 35, a phase modulation and pressure water system and the like through optical fiber 33 communication; the circulating water system is respectively connected with the upstream closed pressure tank 1 of the experimental pipeline system and the downstream water tank simulating wave disturbance through the circulating water pipeline to realize the circulating flow of experimental discharge; the volute 25 of the variable-speed pumped storage unit is connected with the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline 2 of tne,503331 experimental pipeline system through the expansion joint, and the draft tube and diffusion section 26 of the variable-speed pumped storage unit are connected with the downstream side draft tube 3 of the experimental pipeline system through the expansion joint, so as to form the coupling connection between hydraulic power and machinery; the reversible pump turbine and the doubly-fed motor are connected through the flange of the main shaft, so as to realize the coupling connection between machinery and electricity; the governor system is connected with the servo motor of the servomotor system through a signal line, and the telescopic rod of the servomotor system is connected with the guide vane control crank arm of the reversible pump turbine, and the flow rate is adjusted by controlling the opening of the guide vane, so as to realize the coupling connection between hydraulic power and control; the power grid 15-side converter and the rotor-side converter 38 of the converter system are connected through the DC bus 40. The power grid 15-side converter is connected with the power grid 15, and the rotor-side converter 38 is connected with the rotor of the doubly-fed motor to realize the coupling connection between electricity and control; the multifunctional downstream water tank 4 for simulating wave disturbance includes a water level control system, a water tank body; the water level control system is driven by four digital cylinder servomotors, and the overflow plate is equipped with casters and connected with the water tank through four guide rails and a retractable bellows, which can move up and down. One-for-four programmable logic controller 12 is connected with four servo motors, which has stroke feedback to realize the precise positioning of the electric push rod 38, and the closed-loop feedback is realized by the pressure sensor 13 installed on the water tank. The programmable logic controller 12 is integrated in the control cabinet, which can set wave disturbances with different amplitudes, frequencies and types through the screen cabinet and display them in real time.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the SCOR 503331 of the claims of the present invention and their technical equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage, characterized by comprising an experimental pipeline system, a circulating water system, a variable-speed pumped storage unit, a governor system, a converter system, a coordinated control device, a compressed air system, a data collection system, an intelligent load system and a monitoring system; the circulating water system is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and is used for realizing the water circulation of the physical model experiment device; the variable speed pumped storage unit is connected with the experimental pipeline system, and the experimental discharge is provided for the variable-speed pumped storage unit through the experimental pipeline system, the experimental pipeline system is used for observing the hydraulic transient characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the variable-speed pumped storage unit is used for testing the energy characteristics, cavitation characteristics and pressure pulsation characteristics; the governor system is connected with the guide vane of the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for regulating the flow of the variable- speed pumped storage unit; the converter system is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for AC excitation and grid-connected regulation of the generator motor; the compressed air system is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for condenser dewatering under the self-starting condition of the water pump; the data collection system is used for collecting the sensor signals of the whole physical model experimental device in real time; the intelligent load system is connected with the stator outlet of the doubly-fed induction motor of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and is used for testing the dynamic characteristics of the variable-speed pumped storage unit in isolated power system operation;
the monitoring system is used for implementing operation management, dafa 503331 processing, real-time monitoring and control functions for the whole physical model experimental device; the coordinated control device is connected with the monitoring system, the governor system and the converter system, receives the instruction of the monitoring system, and transmits the optimal opening signal and the optimal rotate speed signal to the governor system and the converter system respectively by optimizing the operating point.
2. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the experimental pipeline system comprises an upstream closed pressure tank, an upstream side pressure diversion pipeline, a downstream side draft tube, a multifunctional downstream water tank and a surge chamber, one end of the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline is connected with the upstream closed pressure tank, and the other end is connected with the pump turbine of the variable-speed pumped storage unit, which is also connected with one end of the downstream side draft tube, and the other end of the downstream side draft tube is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank; and the downstream side draft tube is provided with a surge chamber.
3. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 2, characterized in that the experimental pipeline system also includes an expansion joint, the first expansion joint is arranged between the draft tube diffusion section and the downstream side draft tube, and the second expansion joint is arranged between the volute and the upstream side pressure diversion pipeline; the expansion joint is used to relieve the water hammer pressure of the pipeline to the variable-speed pumped storage unit.
4. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 2, characterized in that the circulating water system consists of a variable frequency pump system, a main water supply pipeline, an upstream water supply pipeline, an upstream drainage pipeline, a downstream water supply pipeline, a downstream water drainage pipeline, a water supply and drainage pipeline, a downstream overflow pipeline, an underground reservoir and a water supply pump; the variable frequency pump system is used to provide a constant and adjustable upstream water pressure to the upstream closed pressure tank 50333 4 and the water supply pump supplies water to the upstream closed pressure tank and the multifunctional downstream water tank through the main water supply pipeline; the upstream water supply pipeline and the upstream drainage pipeline are respectively used for supplying water and draining water to the upstream closed pressure tank, the downstream water supply pipeline and the downstream drainage pipeline are used for supplying water and draining water to the multifunctional downstream water tank, the water supply and drainage pipeline is connected with the multifunctional downstream water tank to supplement and leak the flow of the multifunctional downstream water tank under wave disturbance, and the downstream overflow pipeline is connected with the overflow gate of the multifunctional downstream water tank to track the movement of the overflow gate, and the excess flow overflows from the downstream overflow pipeline.
5. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 2, characterized in that the physical model experimental device includes a power generation mode and a water pumping mode, and the power generation mode includes: step 101: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank; step 102: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank; step 103: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the power generation process, water in the upstream closed pressure tank flows to the multifunctional downstream water tank through the experimental pipeline system, the water flow drives the pump turbine to generate electricity, and the water from the multifunctional downstream water tank overflows the overflow weir and flows to the underground reservoir through the downstream overflow pipeline; the water pumping mode includes: step 201: filling with water in the upstream closed pressure tank; step 202: filling with water in the multifunctional downstream water tank; step 203: starting the variable-speed pumped storage unit according to the pumping condition flow, and turning on the flow regulating valve, and the pump turbine pumps water from the multifunctional downstream water tank to the upstream closed pressure tank through the experimental pipeline system, and the water in the upstream closed pressure tank flows to the underground reservoir through the upstream drainage pipeline, 503331 step 204: adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve through the governor to change the flow of the pump turbine, and adjusting the input force of the pump turbine through the variable-speed operation of the converter.
6. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the variable-speed pumped storage unit comprises a unit supporting platform, a variable-speed pump turbine, a doubly-fed induction motor and a flywheel device, the unit supporting platform is used for fixing the variable-speed pump turbine, the doubly-fed induction motor and the flywheel device; the variable-speed pump turbine is connected with the doubly-fed induction motor, and water energy is converted into mechanical energy through the variable-speed pump turbine; and the flywheel device is used for providing different rotational inertia for the variable-speed pumped storage unit, and testing the variable-speed pumped storage unit at different inertia times.
7. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the coordinated control device comprises an automatic mode and a manual mode; in the automatic mode, the cooperative controller optimally solves the optimal rotate speed and the optimal opening in real time through the optimal efficiency tracking strategy based on BP neural network; in the manual mode, the upper computer screen cabinet of the coordinated control device can independently set the mechanical rotate speed value and the guide vane opening value to meet the requirements of multi-scene experiments, and the coordinated control device sends the obtained optimal mechanical rotate speed and the optimal guide vane opening to the converter system and the governor system, respectively, so as to realize the rotate speed adjustment and the opening adjustment.
8. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed air system comprises an air compressor, an air storage tank, a main air compressor solenoid valve and an exhaust backwater solenoid valve, where the air storage tank is communicated with the air compressor, the air compressor is used for communicating with the variable-speed pumped storage unit, the main air compressor solenoid valve is used for openably communicating between the air compressor and tne 503334 variable-speed pumped storage unit, and the exhaust backwater solenoid valve is used for draining and exhausting.
9. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 8, characterized in that the compressed air system includes a phase modulation and water pressure stage since the water pump starts and an exhaust and return water stage.
10. The physical model experimental device of the hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring system comprises a main control layer and a local control unit layer, the remote control mode is realized through the main control layer, and the local control mode is realized through the local control unit layer, the main control layer and the local control unit layer adopt a fast switching dual Ethernet bus for data communication; the main control layer can manage, process data, monitor and control the equipment operation of each subsystem of the model experiment device in real time, and is used for one-key start-up, routine operation, basic adjustment and other operations; when the main control layer fails, the local control unit layer can independently complete the operation and control of the model experimental device, and is also suitable for trial and error and extreme working condition experimental operation in various experimental scenes of power generation mode and water pumping mode.
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| LU503331A LU503331B1 (en) | 2023-01-11 | 2023-01-11 | Physical model experimental device of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage |
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| LU503331A LU503331B1 (en) | 2023-01-11 | 2023-01-11 | Physical model experimental device of hydraulic-mechanical-electrical coupling system for variable-speed pumped storage |
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| FG | Patent granted |
Effective date: 20230711 |