LU502446B1

LU502446B1 - Adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution

Info

Publication number: LU502446B1
Application number: LU502446A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Gang Li; Bin Xi; Jie Li; Haifang Zhang; Jianning Zhao; Guilong Zhang; Dianlin Yang; Cheng Yan; Junting Pan
Original assignee: Agro Environmental Prot Institute Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Affairs; Inst Agri Resources Caas
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2022-06-30
Publication date: 2023-01-11
Also published as: CN114000469B; CN114000469A

Abstract

The invention comprises a water storage mechanism, water guiding mechanisms and slope protection units; the water storage mechanism includes two main dams and two partition dams; the two main dams are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected with one end of the two partition dams respectively to form a seal cavity; sides of the two main dams close to the seal cavity are fixedly connected with waterproof layers, and sides of the two main dams are provided with a plurality of water guide channels; two ends of the water guide channels respectively penetrate through opposite sides of the two main dams; the water guide channels are provided with valve units; one sides of the waterproof layers close to the seal cavity are attached with the slope protection units; bottom surfaces of the main dams are fixedly connected with a farmland; the farmland is internally provided with a plurality of water reservoirs.

Description

DESCRIPTION LU502446 ADAPTIVE WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USED IN FARMLANDS FOR PREVENTING AND CONTROLLING NON-POINT SOURCE

POLLUTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation and water conservancy, and in particular to an adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution.

BACKGROUND The comprehensive regulation control project for water quality and quantity of farmland drainage plays a part in regulating and controlling regional farmland drainage by water quality and quantity, thereby trying to achieve zero discharge. After being treated by ecological ditches and multi-pond systems, farmland irrigation tail water and rainwater are finally transmitted to the comprehensive regulation control device for water quality and quantity of farmland drainage, and the water with relatively high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is lifted to the farmland irrigation water regulation control device for recycling. The working principle of most existing irrigation systems 1s to collect and store rainwater, and then extract and utilize it when it is dry. However, in this way, the utilization efficiency is low, water cannot be recycled under the condition of abundant water, especially nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and the non-point source pollution cannot be prevented and controlled. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmland for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY An objective of the present invention is to provide an adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmland for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, effectively utilize farmland precipitation, comprehensively balance the soil moisture content during drought and flood, and reduce the non-point source pollution.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides the following solutions:

An adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmland for preventit&/502446 and controlling non-point source pollution includes a water storage mechanism, water guiding mechanisms and slope protection units; The water storage mechanism includes two main dams and two partition dams; the two main dams are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected with one end of the two partition dams respectively to form a seal cavity; sides of the two main dams close to the seal cavity are fixedly connected with waterproof layers, and sides of the two main dams are provided with a plurality of water guide channels; two ends of the water guide channels respectively penetrate through opposite sides of the two main dams; the water guide channels are provided with valve units; Sides of the waterproof layers close to the seal cavity are attached with the slope protection units; bottom surfaces of the main dams are fixedly connected with a farmland; the farmland is internally provided with a plurality of water reservoirs; the water reservoirs are communicated with the seal cavity through the water guide mechanisms.

Optionally, the valve units include fixed blocks; top ends of the fixed blocks are fixedly connected with top surfaces of the water guide channels; one side of the fixed blocks are fixedly connected with hydraulic cylinders; telescopic shafts of the hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with stop blocks; sides of the stop blocks are slidably connected with sealing cylinders; outside surfaces of the sealing cylinders are fixedly connected with the water guide channels, and one end surfaces of the sealing cylinders are matched with side surfaces of the main dams.

Optionally, the sides of the stop blocks are provided with ring grooves; the ring grooves are filled with sealing rings; the stop blocks are slidably and sealingly connected with inner walls of the sealing cylinders through the sealing rings.

Optionally, sides of the stop blocks far away from the seal cavity are obliquely arranged, top surface areas of the stop blocks are larger than bottom surface areas.

Optionally, the water guide mechanisms include water pumps; the water pumps are arranged at sides of the water reservoirs; the water pumps are respectively communicated with a plurality of water reservoirs; the water pumps are communicated with the seal cavity through pipelines.

Optionally, one ends of the water guide channels far from the seal cavity are communicatéd/502446 with water channels; tail ends of the water channels are communicated with an irrigation system of the farmland.

Optionally, the slope protection units are formed by stacking a plurality of ecological bags; one ends of the ecological bags are attached to the waterproof layers; surfaces of the ecological bags are planted with a plurality of aquatic plants.

Optionally, the water reservoirs are arranged in low-lying parts of the farmland, and side walls and bottom surfaces of the water reservoirs are provided with waterproof layers.

Optionally, top surfaces of the main dams are obliquely arranged towards the seal cavity.

Optionally, the partition dams are also provided with gates; the seal cavity is communicated with an external natural river channel through the gates.

Effect of Invention According to the invention, the main dams and the partition dams form an independent reservoir to regulate natural precipitation, the water reservoirs are dug in the low-lying parts of the farmland to fully collect of excess water in the farmland, and water in the water reservoirs is pumped to the water storage mechanisms by the water pumps for pollution reduction treatment. In this way, the invention reduces the non-point source pollution of precipitation, improves use efficiency of precipitation, compared with the conventional method of pumping groundwater from deep wells, saves a lot of energy for pumping, and thereby is conducive to the sustainable development of the environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES In order to clearly explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings in the embodiments. The following drawings only explain some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without any creative labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top view and a section view of A-A of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an enlarged structural diagram at B in the FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a box in an embodiment 3;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the box and a section view of C-C; LU502446 FIG. 6 1s an enlarged structural schematic diagram at D in the FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a clamping assembly; FIG. 8 1s a schematic side view of an embodiment 2.

In figures: 1: water storage mechanism; 11: main dam; 12: partition dam; 13: waterproof layer; 14: water guide channel; 15: fixed block; 16: hydraulic cylinder; 17: stop block; 18: sealing cylinder; 19: sealing ring, 2: water guide mechanism; 21: water pump; 22: pipeline; 3: water channel; 4: water reservoir; 5: farmland; 6: slope protection unit; 61: side plate; 62: angle axis; 64: fixing ring; 65: arc plate; 66: clamping pin; 67: fixed pin; 68: fixed groove; 69: pull rod; 7: photovoltaic power generation system; 81: dial plate; 82: stay wire groove; 83: ecological net.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative labor are within the scope of the present invention.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention obvious and understandable, the present invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.

Embodiment 1 An adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands 5 for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution includes a water storage mechanism 1, water guiding mechanisms 2 and slope protection units 6; The water storage mechanism 1 comprises two oppositely arranged main dams (11) and two oppositely arranged partition dams 12 which are respectively built on a farmland; the two main dams 11 are fixedly connected with one end of the two partition dams 12 respectively to form a seal cavity for collecting natural precipitation to irrigate the farmland and to reduce an extraction amount of groundwater resources; sides of the main dams 11 close to the seal cavity are fixedly connected with waterproof layers 13 for preventing water in the seal cavity from eroding the main dams 11 and the partition dams 12 and also preventing a large amount of water loss, ahd/502446 the waterproof layers 13 are the prior art, so its specific structure and materials are not described here; sides of the main dams 11 are provided with a plurality of water guide channels 14, and two ends of the water guide channels 14 respectively penetrate through opposite sides of the main dams 11, so the water guide channels 14 communicate the seal cavity with outside of the main dams 11 and further lead out the water in the seal cavity, the water guide channels are fixedly provided with valve units, and the water guide channels 14 cooperate with the valve units for waterproofing in channels, which may not only improve a waterproofing speed, but also reduce a flowing distance of water to farmland and further reduce the transportation loss.

Further, a bottom surface of the sealed cavity is also provided with the waterproof layers 13 for further avoiding the water loss.

One sides of the waterproof layers 13 close to the seal cavity are attached with the slope protection units 6; bottom surfaces of the main dams 11 are fixedly connected with a farmland 5; the farmland 5 is internally provided with a plurality of water reservoirs 4; the water reservoirs 4 are communicated with the seal cavity through the water guide mechanisms 2. The invention is located in the farmland 5, the seal cavity is used to collect natural precipitation, the external water reservoirs 4 are located in the low-lying parts of the farmland 5, and when the natural precipitation is excessive, excess water in the farmland 5 may automatically flow into the water reservoirs 4, thus realizing the drainage of farmland.

Further, the valve units comprise fixed blocks 15; top ends of the fixed blocks 15 are fixedly connected with top surfaces of the water guide channels 14; one side of the fixed blocks are fixedly connected with hydraulic cylinders 16; telescopic shafts of the hydraulic cylinders 16 are fixedly connected with stop blocks 17; sides of the stop blocks 17 are slidably connected with sealing cylinders 18; outside surfaces of the sealing cylinders 18 are fixedly connected with the water guide channels 14, and one end surfaces of the sealing cylinders 18 are matched with side surfaces of the main dams 11. The stop blocks 17 are arranged in the sealing cylinders 18, and thereby cut off the water guide channels 14 and prevent the water in the sealing cavity from flowing out. When the stop blocks 17 slides in the sealing cylinder 18 and slides out of the sealing cylinder 18, the water guide channels 14 communicate the outside of the main dams 11 with the seal cavity, and thereby lead out water.

Further, one sides of the fixed block 15 close to the seal cavity are provided with chamfers502446 which may reduce impact of water flow on the valve units, improve reliability of the valve units and reduce maintenance cost.

Further, the sides of the stop blocks 17 are provided with ring grooves; the ring grooves are filled with sealing rings 19; the stop blocks 17 are slidably and sealingly connected with inner walls of the sealing cylinders 18 through the sealing rings 19. The sealing rings 19 on the periphery of the stop blocks 17 enhance leakproofness between the stop blocks 17 and the sealing cylinders 18, thus avoiding leakage of the water in the sealed cavity.

Further, one sides of the stop blocks 17 far away from the seal cavity are obliquely arranged; top surface areas of the stop blocks 17 are larger than bottom surface areas. In the static water blocking process of the stop blocks 17, the lateral forces received by tops of the stop blocks 17are smaller than that received by bottoms, which increases areas of the tops of the stop blocks 17, improves ability to resist the lateral forces at the bottoms, and prevents the valve units from being damaged due to uneven stress.

Further, the water guide mechanisms 2 comprise water pumps 21; the water pumps 21 are arranged at sides of the water reservoirs 4; the water pumps 21 are respectively communicated with a plurality of water reservoirs 4; the water pumps 21 are communicated with the seal cavity through pipelines 22.

Further, the pipelines 22 penetrate through tops of the sides of the main dams 11 and communicate with the sealed cavity, the water pumps 21 pump water in the water reservoirs 4 into the seal cavity, which avoids the problem of too much water collected by the water reservoirs 4, resulting in poor drainage.

Further, one ends of the water guide channels 14 far from the seal cavity are communicated with water channels 3; tail ends of the water channels 3 are communicated with an irrigation system of the farmland 5. The water channels 3 make the water resources at outlets of the water guide channels 14 be diverted and fully utilized, thus avoiding flood irrigation.

Further, the slope protection units 6 are formed by stacking a plurality of ecological bags; one ends of the ecological bags are attached to the waterproof layers 13; surfaces of the ecological bags are planted with a plurality of aquatic plants. Aquatic plants and microorganisms in water may fix or decompose harmful substances in the water in the sealed cavity, thk$/502446 reducing the non-point source pollution of surface water.

Further, the water reservoirs 4 are arranged in low-lying parts of the farmland 5, which may make full use of the natural character of the surface water flowing to low altitude and thereby reduce the cost of drainage, and side walls and bottom surfaces of the water reservoirs 4 are provided with waterproof layers 13.

Further, top surfaces of the main dams 11 are obliquely arranged towards the seal cavity, which may make the precipitation falling from the main dams 11 enter the seal cavity and thereby fully collect the natural precipitation.

Further, the partition dams 12 are also provided with gates; the seal cavity is communicated with an external natural river channel through the gates, may discharge water to the external natural river channel, and thereby reduces the water storage pressure of the main dams 11 and prevents the main dams 11 from collapsing when the collected precipitation is excessive.

In this embodiment, the working process is as follows: When natural precipitation occurs, the seal cavity with the open top surface may receive and store precipitation, and meanwhile, the precipitation on the top surfaces of the main dams 11 also flows into the seal cavity for being stored.

When there is too much precipitation, the surplus water in the farmland flows to the water reservoirs 4 due to terrain, and the water reservoirs 4 is a temporary precipitation transfer station. When water levels of the water reservoir 4 are high, the water pumps 21 pump water from the water reservoirs 4 into the seal cavity for storage, in order to avoid decreasing of drainage function of the water reservoirs 4. Because height difference from the water reservoirs 4 to the seal cavity is much lower than height of the deep well in the farmland 5, cost for pumping may be greatly reduced.

A large amount of residues of feces, fertilizers, pesticides and other substances in farmland are dissolved in the precipitation, so directly using the precipitation for re-irrigation may cause secondary pollution to farmland. But the aquatic plants and natural microorganisms in the seal cavity may decompose and fully utilize the pollution sources in the precipitation. When the water in the sealed cavity is used for irrigation, it may not only improve the fertility, but also reduce the pollution.

When farmland 5 needs to be irrigated, the hydraulic cylinders 16 are started to push théJ502446 stop blocks 17 to slide out of the inner cavity of the sealing cylinder 18, at this time, the water guide channels 14 are through, the water in the seal cavity flows out through the water guide channels 14 and is diverted into the irrigation system of farmland 5 through the water channels 3, thus realizing the full utilization of water resources.

Embodiment 2 The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that a photovoltaic power generation system 7 is fixedly installed between the two main dams 11, in which the photovoltaic power generation system 7 is the prior art and not described here. The photovoltaic power generation system 7 may convert light energy into electric energy to provide green power for the invention and cover a top surface of the seal cavity, thereby reducing the direct irradiation of sunlight to the precipitation in the seal cavity, greatly decreasing evaporation of precipitation, and avoiding the loss of water resources.

Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is only that the slope protection units 6 are composed of several boxes fixedly connected with each other; the box is a polygonal ring structure formed by connecting side plates 61, angle axis 62 and connecting units; One sides of the side plates 61 are provided with mounting holes; side walls of the mounting holes are penetrated with through holes; the through holes penetrate opposite sides of the side plates 61; the mounting holes are fixedly provided with clamping assemblies; the mounting holes is stepped holes; large diameter sections of the mounting holes are arranged near sides of the side plates 61; The clamping assemblies include fixing rings 64; the fixing rings 64 are fixedly installed in small-diameter sections of the mounting holes, inner walls of the fixing rings 64 are symmetrically and fixedly connected with two elastic arc plates 65 about the axis of the fixing ring 64; one ends of the two elastic arc plates 65 far away from the fixing rings 64 are fixedly connected with clamping pins 66; the two clamping pins 66 are arranged opposite to each other; and mating surfaces of the two clamping pins 66 are provided with semicircular grooves; Outer cambered surfaces of the two arc plates 65 are matched with the inner walls of the fixing rings 64, and inner cambered surfaces of the two arc plates 65 are attached to one end sides of fixed pins 67, and the other ends of the fixed pins 67 is hinged with the angle axis 62502446 through hinges; fixed grooves 68 are formed on the sides of the fixing pins 67; the two fixed pins 67 are respectively arranged in the fixed grooves 68 and are matched with the fixed grooves 68; Further, the hinges are provided with torsion springs to prevent the two fixed pins 67 connected with the hinges from sticking together.

Middles of the outer sides of the arc plates 65 are fixedly connected with one ends of pull rods 69, and the other ends of the pull rods 69 pass through the through holes and are fixedly connected with dial plates 81; the pull rods 69 are in clearance fit with the through holes.

The sides of the side plates 61 are provided with stay wire grooves 82; the stay wire grooves 82 penetrate through opposite sides of the side plates 61 and communicate the inner cavity of the polygonal ring structure and the outside; ecological nets 83 are fixedly connected in the stay wire grooves 82; the ecological nets 83 are made up of polypropylene fiber ropes woven vertically and horizontally; and the ecological nets 83 are planted with aquatic plants; Effect of Invention The side plates 61 are connected with angular axis 62 through connecting units to form a polygonal ring structure; the ecological nets 83 are fixedly connected to side wall of the polygonal ring structure, and the aquatic plants on the ecological nets 83 purify the water in the seal cavity. However, the water in the seal cavity is stagnant water and does not flow. If the ecological nets 83 are also still, the harmful substances in the seal cavity are difficult to move, resulting in a decrease of a decomposition efficiency of the harmful substances. In order to promote the movement of water in the seal cavity, a box is formed by connecting side plates 61 with angle axis 62 through connecting units, side plates 61 of the box are hinged with the angle axis 62 through clamping assemblies, and torsion springs are arranged at the hinged nodes of two sides, so that side plates 61 of top box may twist under an action of external wind and other forces. Under the action of the torsion spring, hinges have a restoring force, so that the side plates 61 twists back and forth. Thereby, the water in the seal cavity is stirred to be micro-circulated and further improve the decomposition efficiency of harmful substances; The side plates 61 are inserted and fixed by the fixed pin 67, when it needs to be disassembled, the dial plates 81 are stretched outward, the arc plates 65 drive the clamping pins 66 out of the fixed grooves 68, and at this time, the fixed pins 67 may be disengaged from the mounting holes, thus realizing the separation of the angle axis 62 from the side plates 61J502446 improving the installation efficiency of the slope protection units 6 and reducing the maintenance cost.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, for convenience of description only, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred mode of the invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention. On the premise of not departing from the design spirit of the invention, all kinds of modifications and improvements made by ordinary technicians in the field to the technical scheme of the invention shall fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS LU502446

1. An adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution, characterized by comprising a water storage mechanism (1), water guiding mechanisms (2) and slope protection units (6); the water storage mechanism (1) comprises two main dams (11) and two partition dams (12); the two main dams (11) are oppositely arranged and fixedly connected with one end of the two partition dams (12) respectively to form a seal cavity; sides of the two main dams (11) close to the seal cavity are fixedly connected with waterproof layers (13), and sides of the two main dams (11) are provided with a plurality of water guide channels (14); two ends of the water guide channels (14) respectively penetrate through opposite sides of the two main dams (11); the water guide channels (14) are provided with valve units; sides of the waterproof layers (13) close to the seal cavity are attached with the slope protection units (6); bottom surfaces of the main dams (11) are fixedly connected with a farmland (5); the farmland (5) is internally provided with a plurality of water reservoirs (4); the water reservoirs (4) are communicated with the seal cavity through the water guide mechanisms (2).

2. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve units comprise fixed blocks (15); top ends of the fixed blocks (15) are fixedly connected with top surfaces of the water guide channels (14); sides of the fixed blocks (15) are fixedly connected with hydraulic cylinders (16); telescopic shafts of the hydraulic cylinders (16) are fixedly connected with stop blocks (17); sides of the stop blocks (17) are slidably connected with sealing cylinders (18); outside surfaces of the sealing cylinders (18) are fixedly connected with the water guide channels (14), and one end surface of the sealing cylinders (18) is matched with side surfaces of the main dams (11).

3. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 2, characterized in that the sides of the stop blocks (17) are provided with ring grooves; the ring grooves are filled with sealing rings (19); the stop blocks (17) are slidably and sealingly connected with inner walls of the sealing cylinders (18) through the sealing rings (19).

4. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands fbt)502446 preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 3, characterized in that sides of the stop blocks (17) far away from the seal cavity are obliquely arranged; top surface of the stop blocks (17) is larger than bottom surface.

5. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the water guide mechanisms (2) comprise water pumps (21); the water pumps (21) are arranged at sides of the water reservoirs (4); the water pumps (21) are respectively communicated with a plurality of water reservoirs (4); the water pumps (21) are communicated with the seal cavity through pipelines (22).

6. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that ends of the water guide channels (14) far from the seal cavity are communicated with water channels (3); tail ends of the water channels (3) are communicated with an irrigation system of the farmland (5).

7. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the slope protection units (6) are formed by stacking a plurality of ecological bags; ends of the ecological bags are attached to the waterproof layers (13); surfaces of the ecological bags are planted with a plurality of aquatic plants.

8. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the water reservoirs (4) are arranged in low-lying parts of the farmland (5), and side walls and bottom surfaces of the water reservoirs (4) are provided with waterproof layers (13).

9. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that top surfaces of the main dams (11) are obliquely arranged towards the seal cavity.

10. The adaptive water-saving irrigation and drainage system used in farmlands for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition dams (12) are also provided with gates; the seal cavity is communicated with 41502446 external natural river channel through the gates.