LU501905B1 - Comprehensive Observation Device For Tidal Flat Hydrological And Sediment Dynamic Environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention comprises: a stainless steel permeable structure frame, an Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM), a turbidimeter and a conductivity temperature depth (CTD); the stainless steel permeable structure frame consists of welded four stainless steel frames, a middle circular frame and a base circular frame; among them, the stainless steel permeable structure frame is welded with a circular ring at the top, the circular ring is connected with a first rope, and the first rope is connected with the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter; one end of a first C-shaped eneireling hoop and a second C-shaped eneireling hoop are respectively welded on the stainless steel permeable structure frame and located between the middle circular frame and the base circular frame; the other end of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop is connected with the turbidimeter, and the other end of the second C-shaped eneireling hoop is connected with the conductivity temperature depth.

Description

DESCRIPTION LU501905 Comprehensive Observation Device For Tidal Flat Hydrological And Sediment Dynamic Environment

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention belongs to the technical field of marine hydrological observations, and in particular to a comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment.

BACKGROUND Due to the tidal movement, coastal tidal flats are sometimes flooded by seawater and sometimes exposed to the sea. Generally, the coastal tidal flats are divided into three parts: firstly, the supratidal zone, which refers to the area that is above the average spring high tide line and rarely flooded by seawater; secondly, intertidal zone, which refers to the muddy, sandy, rocky beach and other sedimentary zones as well as is between the average spring high/low tide line, this zone is greatly affected by the ebb and flood tide, and its surface is periodically flooded or exposed due to the tide; thirdly, the subtidal zone, which refers to the sediment deposition zone in shallow water that is below the average spring low tide line and rarely exposed.

There are some difficulties in the observation of hydrographic elements, such as tidal flat (or intertidal zone) hydrodynamic environment and sediment. Although it belongs to boundary layer environment observation with the observation of deep seabed and sediment environment, the hydrodynamic environment of tidal flat is complex, especially in the large area of tidal flat, and boundary layer hydrodynamic environment is also complex and changeable due to the ebb and flood tide. Moreover, the tidal flat is a main activity area for human beings to develop and utilize the ocean, such as ports and docks, near-shore breeding, coastal tourism, oil and gas development and urban construction, so the natural environment conditions of tidal flat areas are closely related to human activities. At present, the demand for tidal currents and sediment distribution data is increasing, so the demand for observing hydrological and dynamic environment in tidal flat is also increasing day by day. However, the conventional shallow water hydrological and sediment observation equipment is suitable for the sea area with depth greater than 5 m, and is mostly suitable for shipborne observation or anchor system observation, but the shipborne observation and anchor system observation are mostly not suitable for the tidal flat due to ebb tide. Therefore, the tidal flat area has always been a weak area for the observation b8/501905 hydrodynamic and sediment environment.

The conventional investigation of hydrological and sediment dynamic environment in tidal flat area often uses manned ships and unmanned ships.

1. Manned ship observation: due to the water depth in the tidal flat area, the seabed will be exposed during ebb tide, and the water depth will rise up to 3 meters (m) or less during the high tide (the water depth in the tidal flat area may be even greater at the area with a large tidal range ). When observing the hydrological and sediment environment in the tidal flat area, people usually use small ships to observe during higher tide, then go to the deeper water at ebb tide and return to the observation area at the flood tide, and repeating until completing the observation (generally, it needs two round trips for 26-hour continuous observation). However, the amount of data obtained is small, and the observation data is also limited by the draft of the ship by this method. If the Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is used for observation, the draft of the transducer of the ADCP must be greater than that of the keel of the ship. The ADCP has an observation blind area, which causes observation data limitation. In addition, when different personnel measures on different sea conditions, the data quality is quite different, and the sampling quality is difficult to guarantee. At the same time, small ships are generally used in shallow water, and the horsepower of the ships is small. If the tidal flat is large, it takes much more time for the round-trip observation and is not safe unter bad sea conditions.

2. Unmanned ship observation: there is no need to carry personnel for unmanned ship observation, so personnel safety does not need to be considered, but there are following risks: when unmanned ships are used to observe, a mother ship is necessary to help them locate and guard in the nearby sea area. At present, most unmanned ships are usually anchored and positioned by the mother ship without the dynamic positioning ability.. Moreover, because of the small ship type, after encountering the impact of waves at flood tide and ebb tide, unmanned ships are easily capsized, thereby leading to observation failure. In addition, generally, for the objective of protecting the mother ship, unmanned ship and observation equipment, it is necessary to retreat to the area with relatively deeper water depth after the ebb and flood. When the tide ebbs to the draft of the mother ship, the unmanned ship must withdraw from the observation sea area together with the mother ship. Therefore, although unmanned ships may solve the problem of human security, there is still a problem of small amount of observation dataiJ501905 and there are also safety risks of unmanned ships and observation equipment.

Other observation devices (observation device for near-bottom sediment and full-depth current velocity and current direction in sublittoral zone, CN201420502749.1) use Acoustic Doppler Profiler (ADP), Doppler Point Velocity Profiler (ADV-Ocean), optical backscattering turbidimeter (OBS3+ and OBS3A) and layered sand cup to comprehensively observe the tidal current and sediment in near-bottom waters. However, there are still some disadvantages in ADP work, and repeated use of layered sand cups will cause great interference to turbidity data acquisition, so it is impossible to fully realize high-precision observation of near-bottom tidal current and sediment. In addition, the device is equipped with high-frequency ADP and ADV, when they work at the same time, the same-frequency sampling interference is generated, which is not conducive to data acquisition, and the manufacturing cost of the whole device is high and is not conducive to wide use.

SUMMARY The objective of the invention is to provide a comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment, which has a small blind zone for data acquisition and may acquire hydrological factors such as current velocity, current direction, temperature and turbidity.

To achieve the above objective, the technical scheme is as follows: A comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment comprises a stainless steel permeable structure frame, an Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM), a turbidimeter and a conductivity temperature depth; the stainless steel permeable structure frame consists of welded four stainless steel frames, a middle circular frame and a base circular frame; Among them, the stainless steel permeable structure frame is welded with a circular ring at the top, the circular ring is connected with a first rope, and the first rope is connected with the ACM below; one end of a first C-shaped eneireling hoop and a second C-shaped eneireling hoop are respectively welded on the stainless steel permeable structure frame and located between the middle circular frame and the base circular frame; the other end of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop is connected with the turbidimeter, and the other end of the second C-shaped eneirelih&/501905 hoop is connected with the conductivity temperature depth.

Preferably, the middle circular frame is evenly welded with four stainless steel hook rings for connecting four tension springs.

Preferably, the tension spring is connected with the hook ring outside the stainless steel circular ring.

Preferably, the circular ring is also used for connecting a second rope, and the second rope is connected to a floating body.

Preferably, a flasher is tied to the floating body.

Preferably, a third C-shaped eneireling hoop is fixed on the upper part of the transducer of the ACM, and both ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed on the screws on both sides of the third C-shaped eneireling hoop by locking buckles.

Preferably, a bow shackle and a third rope are further comprised, wherein the bow shackle passes through the steel wire rope; one end of the third rope is connected with the bow shackle, and the other end of the third rope is connected with a counterweight lead block.

Preferably, the base circular frame is uniformly welded with four stainless steel perforated rings for connecting a fourth rope, and the fourth rope is connected with an iron anchor.

Preferably, the floating body is made of new foam material.

Effect of Invention The invention uses unattended operation, equips the following observation equipment: an Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM, namely, Aquadopp Current Meter, a single-point current meter without blind areas), a turbidimeter (OBS) and a conductivity temperature depth (CTD), and may observe the current velocity, current direction, turbidity, temperature and relative water depth near the bottom layer of the tidal flat area; due to the current meter without blind areas, its data acquisition basically has no blind spots. The Invention acquires current data at more than 20 cm away from the seabed, equips ACM without observing blind areas, thereby improving the reliability of boundary layer current data, may synchronously acquire suspended sediment data, adjust the height, and measure the current velocity, current direction, turbidity, and conductivity temperature depth data at any height from 20 cm to 50 cm on the seabed.

The invention may efficiently and continuously acquire a large amount of hydrological atd/501905 sediment data near the bottom layer of the tidal flat area by self-contained equipment, and realize unattended all-weather observation, and acquire data under conventional and extreme sea conditions.

The invention is fixed on the seabed by anchor chains, has a wide base and a stable center of gravity, may effectively resist the impact of waves or currents by stainless steel permeable structural frame, and thereby ensure the safety of the device.

The invention is not affected by seabed exposed at ebb tide (the pressure probes of ACM and conductivity temperature depth automatically stop recording when they don't detect the water pressure), is no need to withdraw the observation device at ebb tide, obtains more data and reduces the workload of manual intervention compared with the conventional survey method.

In the device, the ACM is located in the center and effectively protected by a frame outside; the turbidimeter and conductivity temperature depth are located inside the stainless steel frame and also effectively protected.

In this device, the current velocity, current direction, turbidity and temperature data are close to the seabed boundary layer, and provide important data support for the study of hydrological and sediment dynamic environment in tidal flat boundary layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

Embodiment 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a comprehensive observation device fbt/501905 tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment, which comprises: a stainless steel permeable structure frame, composed of four stainless steel frames 10 (316 stainless steel), a middle circular frame 11 and a base circular frame 12 by welding, wherein the length of stainless steel frame 10 is 3.4 meters, the diameter of middle circular frame 11 is 1.31 meters, and the diameter of base circular frame 12 1s 2.25 meters.

The circular ring 1 is welded on the top of the stainless steel permeable structure frame for connecting a second rope 2, one end of the second rope 2 1s connected to the circular ring 1, and the other end of the second rope 2 is connected to a floating body 3, the floating body 3 is made of new foam material. The flasher 4 is tied to the floating body 3.

Four stainless steel hook rings 5 are evenly welded on the middle circular frame 11 of the stainless steel permeable structure frame for connecting four tension springs 6. One end of a tension spring 6 is connected to the stainless steel hook ring 5, and the other end of the tension spring 6 is connected to the hook ring outside the stainless steel circular ring 7.

One end of a first rope 8 is connected to the circular ring 1, and the other end of the first rope 8 is connected to the top hole of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 (the top of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter 13 has own hole for connecting other equipment). The near tail of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter 13 is fastened to the upper part of the transducer with a third C-shaped eneireling hoop 18.

One end of a first C-shaped eneireling hoop 14 is welded on the stainless steel water permeable structure frame (located between the middle circular frame 11 and the base circular frame 12), and the other end of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop 14 ensures that the turbidimeter (OBS)15 is firmly fixed by a screw cap. One end of a second C-shaped eneireling hoop 16 is welded on the stainless steel water-permeable structural frame (located between the middle circular frame 11 and the base circular frame 12), and the other end of the second C-shaped eneireling hoop 16 ensures that the conductivity temperature depth (CTD) 17 is firmly fixed by a screw cap.

Wire ropes 19 are respectively fixed to the screw caps of the third C-shaped eneireling hoops 18 through the wire rope lock catches, the bow shackle 20 passes through the wire ropes

19, one end of a third rope 21 is connected to the bow shackle 20, and the other end of the thitd/501905 rope 21 is connected to the counterweight lead block 22.

The base circular frame 12 is evenly welded with four stainless steel perforated rings 24 for connecting the fourth ropes 23, one end of the fourth rope 23 is connected to the stainless steel perforated ring 24, and the other end of the fourth rope 23 is connected to the iron anchor 25.

The equipment of this device (Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17) is completely installed before observation, and the processes are as follows: firstly, setting the working modes of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17 to pressure sensing mode (the pressure probes of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17 record data when detecting the water pressure), wherein the minimum working pressure of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 be set to 10 mbar or 10 cm water depth to avoid recording invalid data; installing the turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17 inside the stainless steel frame 10, wherein there is no specific position requirement for installing the above two equips, and they may be installed at either reserved installation position; before installing the turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17, loosening the screw caps on one side of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop 14 and the second C-shaped eneireling hoop 16 respectively, placing the turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17 respectively, and tightening the corresponding screw caps on one side of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop 14 and the second C-shaped eneireling hoop 16 until the turbidimeter 15 and conductivity temperature depth 17 are firmly fixed; connecting the second rope 2 to the top hole position of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 (the hole position is provided by the Aquadopp Current Meter (ACM)), and passing the stainless steel circular ring 7 through the second rope 2 to the position between the top and the tail of Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13; connecting the other end of the second rope 2 to the circular ring 1, and adjusting the length of the second rope 2 to meet the requirement that the distance between the transducer end of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter 13 and the sea bottom is at least 20 cm; connecting four tension springs 6 to the stainless steel circular ring 7 and four stainless steel hook rings 5 on the middle circular frame 11 respectively, when the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 encounters the impact of strong current or waves on one side, the tension springs 6 on the incoming current direction are compressed and the tension springs 6 on thé/501905 counter current direction are stretched, so as to ensure that the stainless steel circular ring 7 and the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 return to vertical when the strong current weakens. The Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 always works vertically under the action of currents and waves by counterweight lead block 23, and there is a certain gap between the stainless steel circular ring 7 and the top of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, so that the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 rotates direction, and thereby leads the tail of the ACM to be parallel to the incoming current direction. A third C-shaped eneireling hoop 18 is fixed on the upper part of the transducer of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, and both ends of the steel wire rope 19 are respectively fixed on the screws on both sides of the third C-shaped eneireling hoop 18 by locking buckles. The bow shackle 20 passes through the steel wire rope 19, one end of the third rope 21 is connected to the bow shackle 20, and the other end is connected to the counterweight lead block 22. The length of the third rope 21 is adjusted to ensure that the third rope 21 is in a naturally tight vertical state, and furthermore the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13 may remain vertical. One end of the fourth rope 23 is connected to the perforated ring on the base circular frame 12, the other end is connected to the iron anchor 25, and the other three iron anchors 25are connected repeatedly. The flasher 4 is tied to the floating body 3, and the floating body 3 is connected with the circular ring 1 by the first rope 8.

The device can be placed on the tidal flat by manual handling or ship-borne. Among them, the manual handling method is as follows: at low slack tide, manually transporting the device to the observation zone, tightening four anchor chains in four directions, and fixing four iron anchors 25 on the seabed, so as to ensure that the device may resist the impact of waves and currents without capsizing; the ship-borne method is as follows: at high slack tide (at this moment, the velocity is minimum), the ship transports the device to the predetermined sea area, and slowly puts the vertical device on the seabed, so as to ensure the working posture in the water with the base down. Compared with manual method, in the ship-borne method, the iron anchors 25 can't be fixed manually one by one, so a longer fourth rope 23 is needed. After the frame body is placed on the seabed, the iron anchors 25 are thrown into the sea one by one. The reclaiming process is similar to the placing process, and can be divided into manual handling reclaiming mode or ship-borne reclaiming mode. Among them, the manual handling reclaimit&/501905 mode is as follows: after completing the scheduled observation task, at slack tide, people walk to the position of the device, pull out the iron anchors 25 one by one, and manually transport the device back to the land; the ship-borne reclaiming mode is as follows: after completing the scheduled observation task, at high tide, the ship arrives at the placing sea area through the flasher 4 on the floating body 3 or GPS positioning technology, drags the first rope connected with the floating body 3, and lifts the device off the seabed (in the process, manual dragging, marine cablelifter or marine boom all may be used).

When the device is put, and the pressure probes of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, the turbidimeter 15 and the conductivity temperature depth 17 reach the preset water depth, the observation data will be recorded. The diameter of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop located at the top of the ACM is slightly larger than that of the current meter main body, and a gap of 0.5 cm is reserved between the eneireling hoop and the current meter main body, so as to ensure that the tail of the current meter adjusts its direction with the ebb and flood tide, thus improving the accuracy of obtained currents data.

The conductivity temperature depth 17 records the relative water depth and water temperature data synchronously. For the fixed position of the conductivity temperature depth 17 is slightly higher than the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM) 13, so when the conductivity temperature depth (CTD) 17 continuously records the water depth data, it means that the position below the middle circular frame 11 of the device is basically flooded in seawater. Through the data of the conductivity temperature depth (CTD) 17, the data time period meeting the observation requirements may be sorted out, and thereby the corresponding currents data recorded may be selected.

Before putting the device into use, starting the flasher 4 to work, and setting its working mode to the photosensitive working mode, that is, when the brightness of natural light is dark to a certain degree, the flasher 4 will start to work and give out a warning signal. When manual method is used for placing, when water submerges the base of the device, the flasher 4 floats on the sea surface through the floating body 3, and the personnel on duty at the coast at night may know the general position information of the device through the working lights emitted by the flasher 4. When the ship-borne method is used for placing, after the device enters the water, the flasher 4 floats on the sea surface by the floating body, and the personnel on duty at the coast b#501905 on the ship may know the general position information of the device through the working lights emitted by the flasher 4. When the device is reclaimed at night, the working light emitted by the flasher 4 may also indicate the position information and guide the observer to the location of the device.

Finally, it should be explained that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit it. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those technicist that it can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalently replace some or all technical features thereof; these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

CLAIMS LU501905

1. A comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment, characterized by comprising: a stainless steel permeable structure frame, an Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM), a turbidimeter (OBS) and a conductivity temperature depth (CTD); the stainless steel permeable structure frame consists of welded four stainless steel frames, a middle circular frame and a base circular frame; among them, the stainless steel permeable structure frame is welded with a circular ring at the top, the circular ring is connected with a first rope, and the first rope is connected with the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter (ACM); one end of a first C-shaped eneireling hoop and one end of a second C-shaped eneireling hoop are respectively welded on the stainless steel permeable structure frame and located between the middle circular frame and the base circular frame; the other end of the first C-shaped eneireling hoop is connected with the turbidimeter (OBS), and the other end of the second C-shaped eneireling hoop is connected with the conductivity temperature depth (CTD).

2. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle circular frame is evenly welded with four stainless steel hook rings for connecting four tension springs.

3. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 2, characterized in that the tension spring is connected with the hook ring outside the stainless steel circular ring.

4. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that the circular ring is also used for connecting the second rope, and the second rope is connected to a floating body.

5. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 4, characterized in that a flasher is tied to the floating body.

6. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 5, characterized in that a third C-shaped eneireling hoop is fixed on the upper part of the transducer of the Acoustic Doppler Current Meter, and both ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed on the screws on both sides of the third C-shaped eneireling hoop by locking buckles.

7. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamk&/501905 environment according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising a bow shackle and a third rope, wherein the bow shackle passes through the steel wire rope; one end of the third rope is connected with the bow shackle, and the other end of the third rope is connected with a counterweight lead block.

8. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 7, characterized in that the base circular frame is uniformly welded with four stainless steel perforated rings for connecting a fourth rope, and the fourth rope is connected with an iron anchor.

9. The comprehensive observation device for tidal flat hydrological and sediment dynamic environment according to claim 8, characterized in that the floating body is made of new foam material.