LU500490B1 - Land Reclamation Method in Coal Mining Subsidence Area - Google Patents
Land Reclamation Method in Coal Mining Subsidence Area Download PDFInfo
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- LU500490B1 LU500490B1 LU500490A LU500490A LU500490B1 LU 500490 B1 LU500490 B1 LU 500490B1 LU 500490 A LU500490 A LU 500490A LU 500490 A LU500490 A LU 500490A LU 500490 B1 LU500490 B1 LU 500490B1
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- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- coal gangue
- subsidence area
- coal mining
- mining subsidence
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
- B09B1/004—Covering of dumping sites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of land reclamation,particularly to a land reclamation method in a coal mining subsidence area.The method specifically comprises the following steps.Filling the coal mine subsidence area with coal gangue filler, so that the height of the coal mining subsidence area is 0-0.5 m above the local subsidence water level.Continue to fill the coal mining subsidence area to the local subsidence water level of 1-1.5 m with the mixed matrix obtained by mixing coal gangue filler and soil. Planting forest trees on the land in the coal mining subsidence area after the filling treatment.The invention planting forest trees after mixing coal gangue and soil to cover the surface layer of coal mining subsidence area.Therefore, the utilization amount of soil and the damage to other land resources caused by excavation of soil resources are greatly reduced.
Description
DESCRIPTION Land Reclamation Method in Coal Mining Subsidence Area
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the technical field of land reclamation, particularly to a land reclamation method in a coal mining subsidence area.
BACKGROUND Underground mining of coal mine is the main existing mining method. With the increase of the total amount of coal mining and utilization year by year, it leads to a large area of surface subsidence and a large number of coal gangue. In the plain mining area with high diving level, the subsidence area is more low-lying and easy to accumulate water, thus leading to the inability to cultivate cultivated land. For a long time, only a small amount of coal gangue has been used in building materials or other fields. The mountain-like coal gangue piles in coal mining areas not only occupy land resources but also pollute the environment. Therefore, most coal mining enterprises choose coal gangue as the filling and reclamation material in subsidence area. The existing reclamation of coal mining subsidence area usually uses coal gangue as a cushion to fill the reclaimed land, and then crops are planted after covering the surface with a layer of soil, which not only wastes a large amount of mature soil resources, causes damage to other land resources, but also increases the reclamation cost.
SUMMARY Based on the above contents, the object of the present invention is to provide a land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area. The method planting forest trees after mixing coal gangue and soil to cover the surface layer of coal mining subsidence area.
The method of the present invention 1s a coal gangue filling reclamation method without topsoil cover. It can greatly reduce the utilization of soil and the damage to other land resources caused by excavation of soil resources. The invention provides the following technical scheme, namely a land reclamation method in a coal mining subsidence area. The method specifically comprises the following steps. Filling the coal mine subsidence area with coal gangue filler, so that the height of the coal mining subsidence area is 0-0.5 m above the local subsidence water level. Continue to fill the coal mining subsidence area to the local subsidence water level of 1-
1.5 m with the mixed matrix obtained by mixing coal gangue filler and soil; Planting forest trees on the land in the coal mining subsidence area after the filling treatment. Further, the coal gangue filler is coarse coal gangue or fine coal gangue. Wherein the volume fraction of coal gangue with a lumpiness greater than 50 mm accounts for more than 50% of coarse coal gangue and less than or equal to 50% of fine coal gangue. Further, when the coal gangue filler is coarse coal gangue, the mass fraction of soil in the mixed matrix 1s 25-35%. When the coal gangue filler is fine coal gangue, the mass fraction of soil in the mixed matrix is 10-20%. Further, the filling thickness of the mixed matrix is 1 m. Further, the specific way of planting forest trees is transplanting forest trees, and the forest trees are economic forests or fruit trees. Further, it is water-loving forest tree. Further, the forest tree transplanting specifically refers to transplanting 2-3 age forest trees.
The roots of 2-3 years old forest trees have been developed and have strong anti-stress ability, and the survival rate of transplanted forest trees at this age 1s the highest.
Further, the coal gangue filler is filled to 0.5 m above the local subsidence water level, and the filling height of the mixed matrix 1s 1.5 m above the local subsidence water level.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows.
For forest trees, soil 1s only a carrier to provide nutrients and water for tree growth and a medium to extend and hold crop roots.
Therefore, it is only necessary to ensure that the reclaimed land can provide sufficient nutrients and water for crops while keeping the extension and fixation of plant roots in forest land planting.
Because the forest tree roots are developed, they can be fixed deep below the surface of the ground.
Therefore, when using reclaimed land for forest land planting, the surface can survive without ploughing and topsoil covering, thus saving a lot of reclamation and covering in coal mining subsidence areas.
At the same time, after planting forest trees in reclaimed land filled with coal gangue, coal gangue can provide necessary nutrient supply and water transmission and transportation for the growth of forest trees, thus realizing the planting of forest trees in a soil less or less soil environment.
Therefore, it not only realizes the technical effect of land reclamation in coal mining subsidence area, but also reduces the reclamation cost and improves the economic benefit.
There 1s a certain relationship between the mineral composition and lumpiness of coal gangue on the adsorption or water retention capacity of groundwater.
At the same time, the lumpiness of coal gangue block structure also affects the fixation effect on crop roots.
Generally, the adsorption capacity and water-holding capacity of rocks depend on the mineral composition of rocks and their spatial arrangement.
The larger blocks in coal gangue are often sandstone or siltstone. This kind of rock shows low porosity and small specific surface area due to the low content of clay minerals, thus showing weak adsorption or water-holding capacity. At the same time, it is difficult to fix the forest tree roots because of the large interval between coal gangue blocks with large lumpiness. Therefore, in order to ensure the survival rate of forest tree planting, it is necessary to mix coarse coal gangue with large lumpiness with 25-35% of soil to ensure its proper water retention capacity, water adsorption capacity and fixation capacity to forest trees. Mudstone with more clay minerals is usually the main component in coal gangue with small nature lumpiness,and more clay minerals not only have strong adsorption or water holding capacity, but also have strong fixation on crop roots. Therefore, when this type of coal gangue is used as the base for filling and reclamation, only 10-20% of soil needs to be mixed to enhance the adsorption capacity of groundwater, and meanwhile enhance the fixation capacity of tree roots, thus effectively ensuring the normal growth of forest trees. On the basis of this theory, on the premise of high water level,the present invention reveals the influence of coal gangue lumpiness structure used for filling reclamation materials on the proportion of gangue mixed with soil in the layer of a certain thickness on the reclaimed surface,and then gives the quantitative relationship between coal gangue lumpiness and mixed soil proportion. Therefore, the present invention has certain guiding significance for the practice of coal gangue filling reclamation engineering in subsidence area.
According to the invention, the mining waste coal gangue is filled in the coal mining subsidence area, so that the related environmental problems caused by coal gangue piling and occupying land are solved. At the same time, the coal gangue lumpiness and the mixing proportion relationship between coal gangue and soil in the surface layer of the reclaimed land is given. Therefore, not only the effective adsorption effect and water- holding capacity of the soil layer reconstructed by the tree root development space to groundwater is ensured, but also the utilization amount of topsoil covering soil is reduced, and the damage to land resources caused by covering topsoil in reclaimed land is avoided. According to the design that the filling height is 1-1.5 m higher than the water level in the local subsidence area, the unnecessary utilization of coal gangue resources as filling material is reduced. The design scheme for rational design of reclamation area filled with coal gangue has effective land reclamation effect and obvious mining area environmental protection effect.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the filling structure of the design method of coal gangue filling reclamation technology without topsoil cover in coal mining subsidence area with forest land as reclamation target in embodiment 1 of the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the filling structure of the design method of coal gangue filling reclamation technology without topsoil cover in the coal mining subsidence area with forest land as the reclamation target in Embodiment 2 of the present invention
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. The detailed description should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In addition, as for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that every intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the range 1s also specifically disclosed.
Intermediate values within any stated value or stated range and every smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate values within the stated range are also included in the present invention.
The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.
Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention relates.
Although the present invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.
All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe methods and/or materials related to the documents.
In case of conflict with any incorporated documents, the contents of this specification shall prevail.
Without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, 1t is obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of the invention.
Other embodiments derived from the description of the present invention will be apparent to the skilled person.
The specification and embodiments of that present invention are merely exemplary.
As used herein, "including", "comprising", "having", "containing", etc., are all open terms, which means including but not limited to.
A coal mining subsidence area with high diving level in Huainan, Anhui Province was selected.
After investigation and analysis of the subsidence water level, the area was divided into four equal blocks.They were verified by experiments in Embodiments 1- 4 respectively.
Embodiment 1 (1) Selecting fine coal gangue with a lumpiness less than 50 mm and a volume fraction of 85%to fill the coal mining subsidence area to 0.5 m above the subsidence water level. (2) Mixing fine coal gangue and soil according to the mass ratio of 85:15, and then continue to fill the coal mining subsidence area to 1.5 m above the local subsidence water level (specifically as shown in Figure 1, wherein 1 is the coal gangue and soil mixed filling layer, 2 is the subsidence water level, 3 is the single coal gangue filling layer, and 4 1s the original surface). (3) Two-year-old poplars (plant height about 1.2 m, stem diameter about 0.8 cm) with developed roots and no diseases, insect pests, mildew and draining were selected for transplanting in the coal mining subsidence area in spring (March). The row spacing of transplanted plants was 2.0 mx2.5 m, and the plants were arranged in a zigzag pattern.
Routine field management was carried out after transplanting.
Embodiment 2 (1) Selecting coarse coal gangue with a lumpiness greater than 50 mm and a volume fraction of 55% to fill the coal mining subsidence area up to0.5 m above the subsidence water level. (2) Mixing fine coal gangue and soil according to the mass ratio of 70:30, and then continue to fill the coal mining subsidence area to the local subsidence water level of 1.5 m (specifically as shown in Figure 2, wherein 1 is the coal gangue and soil mixed filling layer, 2 1s the subsidence water level, 3 is the single coal gangue filling layer, and 4 is the original surface). (3) Two-year-old poplars (plant height about 1.2 m, stem diameter about 0.8 cm) with developed roots and no diseases, insect pests, mildew and draining were selected for transplanting in the coal mining subsidence area in spring (March). The row spacing of transplanted plants was 2.0 mx2.5 m, and the plants were arranged in a zigzag pattern.
Routine field management was carried out after transplanting.
Embodiment 3 (1) Selecting fine coal gangue with a lumpiness less than 50 mm and a volume fraction of 85% to fill the coal mining subsidence area to 0.5 m above the subsidence water level. (2) Filling the coal mining subsidence area with soil to 1.5 m above the local subsidence water level. (3) Two-year-old poplars (plant height about 1.2 m, stem diameter about 0.8 cm) with developed roots and no diseases, insect pests, mildew and draining were selected for transplanting in the coal mining subsidence area in spring (March). The row spacing of transplanted plants was 2.0 mx2.5 m, and the plants were arranged in a zigzag pattern.
Routine field management was carried out after transplanting.
Embodiment 4 (1) Selecting coarse coal gangue with a lumpiness greater than 50 mm and a volume fraction of 55% to fill the coal mining subsidence area up to 0.5 m above the subsidence water level.
(2) Filling the coal mining subsidence area with soil to 1.5 m above the local subsidence water level. (3) Two-year-old poplars (plant height about 1.2 m, stem diameter about 0.8 cm) with developed roots and no diseases, insect pests, mildew and draining were selected for transplanting in the coal mining subsidence area in spring (March). The row spacing of transplanted plants was 2.0 mx2.5 m, and the plants were arranged in a zigzag pattern.
Routine field management was carried out after transplanting.
Statistics of poplar survival rate, average plant height and stem diameter after forest tree transplanting in coal mining subsidence areas of Embodiments 1-4 are given in Table 1. Table 1 Embodiment | Embodiment | Embodiment | Embodiment 1 2 3 4 Plant 1.5m 1.5m 16m 16m Transplanting | height for 6 months Stem 1 cm 1 cm 1.2 cm 1.2 cm thickness Survival 100% 100% 100% 100% ratio Crown 5% 5% 6% 6% density Plant 2.0m 2.0m 22m 22m Transplanting | height for 1 year Stem 1.5 cm 1.5 cm 1.7 cm 1.7 cm thickness Survival 92% 95% 95% 95% ratio Crown 10% 10% 12% 12% density From the data in Table 1, it can be concluded that the survival rate of poplars is still ensured on the premise of not covering with topsoil after the coal gangue and soil are mixed and filled.In addition, the result is consistent with the survival rate of covering with topsoil, showing that the reclamation method of coal mining subsidence area is effective. Moreover, in terms of cost, the utilization rate of soil and transportation cost are greatly reduced by omitting covering with topsoil.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area, characterized by comprising the following steps: filling the coal mine subsidence area with coal gangue filler, so that the height of the coal mining subsidence area is 0-0.5 m above the local subsidence water level; continue to fill the coal mining subsidence area to the local subsidence water level of 1-
1.5 m with the mixed matrix obtained by mixing coal gangue filler and soil; planting forest trees on the land in the coal mining subsidence area after the filling treatment.
2. The land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal gangue filler is coarse coal gangue or fine coal gangue, wherein the volume fraction of coal gangue with a lumpiness greater than 50 mm in coarse coal gangue is greater than 50%, and the volume fraction of coal gangue with a lumpiness greater than 50 mm in fine coal gangue is less than or equal to 50%.
3. The land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area according to claim 2, characterized in that when the coal gangue filler is coarse coal gangue, the mass fraction of soil in the mixed matrix is 25-35%; when the coal gangue filler is fine coal gangue, the mass fraction of soil in the mixed matrix is 10-20%.
4. The land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling thickness of the mixed matrix is 1 m.
5. The reclamation method of coal mining subsidence area according to claim 1, wherein the specific way of planting forest trees is transplanting forest trees, and the trees are economic forests or fruit trees.
6. The land reclamation method in coal mining subsidence area according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal gangue filler is filled to 0.5 m above the local subsidence water level, and the filling height of the mixed matrix is 1.5 m above the local subsidence water level.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110798591.1A CN113508659A (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-15 | Land reclamation method for coal mining subsidence area |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU500490B1 true LU500490B1 (en) | 2022-01-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| LU500490A LU500490B1 (en) | 2021-07-15 | 2021-07-30 | Land Reclamation Method in Coal Mining Subsidence Area |
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| CN (1) | CN113508659A (en) |
| LU (1) | LU500490B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102399111A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Greening matrix of gangue crushing material and plant restoration technical method |
| CN103643956B (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-07-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for designing surface soil covering thickness for coal gangue filling and reclamation in coal mining subsidence area |
| CN104255109B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-02-17 | 山西大学 | A kind of ecological restoring method gangue being used for Mine Geological Disasters district |
| CN104429216A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽理工大学 | Filling and reclamation technology for coal gangues without being covered by surface soil |
| CN105052290A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-18 | 河海大学 | Desalination method by using sludge to improve topsoil of saline and alkaline land |
| CN107880897A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-06 | 平凉华晨非金属应用科技有限公司 | Gangue saline land greening tree planting soil conditioner |
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2021
- 2021-07-15 CN CN202110798591.1A patent/CN113508659A/en active Pending
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| CN113508659A (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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Effective date: 20220131 |