LU500351B1

LU500351B1 - Test device for testing skin surface reaction to contact with hot objects

Info

Publication number: LU500351B1
Application number: LU500351A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Chaoyi Zhao; Jianfeng Gao; Rui Wang; Huimin Hu; Wei Li
Original assignee: China Nat Inst Standardization
Priority date: 2020-03-23
Filing date: 2021-01-11
Publication date: 2021-09-23
Also published as: WO2021121437A1

Abstract

A test device for testing skin surface reaction to contact with high-temperature objects comprises: a heating device for providing heat; a contact element (4) for conducting energy of the heating device such that the temperature of the contact element is the temperature of a high-temperature object; the contact element (4) is arranged on the heating device and is in contact with the surface of the skin to be tested; the material of the contact element (4) is the material of a high-temperature object. The present test device facilitates testing of skin-surface reactions to contact with high-temperature objects, thereby contributing test data to human-machine ergonomics studies of actual production or life situations in which contact may occur with hot surfaces.

Description

BL-5265 LU500351

TEST DEVICE FOR TESTING SKIN SURFACE REACTION TO CONTACT WITH HOT OBJECTS

BACKGROUND Field of Invention This invention belongs to the technical field of testing technology, more particularly relates to a testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object (testing device for testing skin surface reaction to contact with hot objects).

Background of the Invention At present, with the improvement of people's living standards, people put forward higher requirements for the hot surface contact in the working environment, that is, to protect the human body in the process of labor.

For example, when the human body operates some heating equipment, the surface temperature will affect the efficiency and safety of workers. In order to prevent people from burning when contacting the hot product surface, the limiting value of relevant contact surface temperature must be specified. It is very important how to choose the reasonable limiting value of contact surface temperature. Under the different working tasks, the time of contacting the heating surfaces is different as well. Besides, for some high-temperature objects in the working area, although they are not required to directly touch with hands to operate, unintentional touch can also cause burning. Therefore, the surface temperature of high-temperature objects that may be touched in the working area also needs to be limited, so as to ensure the operation and safety of operators. The surfaces of the mechanics which 1

BL-5265 are hot and easy to contact during the operation are the risk sources of burn. The 00%! contact to this hot surface may occur consciously, such as operating the handle of the machine; it may also be the unconscious behaviors by the staff next to the machine.

Therefore, a testing apparatus is required to facilitate the development of the research work on the influence of the temperature and duration of the hot surface that need to be touched during the operation in the process of human-machine interaction.

SUMMARY In order to solve the aforesaid problems, this invention provides a testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature objects, which comprises: heating devices for providing heat; and contact members for conducting the energy from the heating device, so as to make the temperature of the contact member as same as the temperature of the high-temperature object. The contact members are set on the heating devices, and contact the under-test skin surface (skin surface to be tested). The materials of the contact members are same as the material of the high-temperature objects.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the heating devices comprise: cases; electric heating bodies provided on the cases, wherein one end of the electric heating body is located outside of the case, and opposite to the contact member; heating controllers connected with the electric heating bodies for controlling the heating process of the electric heating bodies so as to make the temperature of the contact members as the pre-set temperature; and temperature input units connected with the heating controllers for inputting the pre-set temperature.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the contact members are sleeved on the one ends of the electric heating bodies and are in cylindrical shape with the upper ends sealed.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the contact members contact the 2

BL-5265 circumferential surfaces and the top surfaces of the electric heating bodies. 7500851 In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the thickness in a radial direction of the contact members is set to be greater than the thickness in an axial direction of the contact members.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the electric heating bodies are electric heating rods, and the bottom ends of the contact members contact the surfaces of the cases.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the aforesaid testing apparatus also comprises: measuring point sensors provided in the contact members for measuring the temperature of the contact members; and second display units connected with the measuring point sensors, for displaying the temperature tested by the measuring point sensors.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the locations of the measuring point sensors in the contact members are determined through calibration test, the calibration test is a test calibrated by a deviation between the display temperature of the second display units and the actual temperature of the contact members.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the aforesaid testing apparatus also comprises: low temperature environment room containing the heating devices and contact members, for providing low temperature environment.

In the aforesaid testing apparatus, optionally, the number of the heating device 1s more than one, one contact member is provided for each of the heating devices, the materials of the multiple contact members are different from each other.

The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided in the examples of the present invention are: By setting the heating devices and the contact members, and the materials of the contact members are same as the materials of the high-temperature objects, the temperature of the contact members are same as the temperature of the high- temperature objects, so that the contact members can be used to characterize the 3

BL-5265 high-temperature objects, which facilitates the test for the reaction of human skin 200%°] when contacting the high-temperature objects, and thus provide experimental data for the human-machine ergonomics of contacting the hot surfaces in the process of actual production or operation of life, which can further protect workers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 1s a structural diagram of a testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object provided by an example of this invention; Fig. 2 1s a structural diagram of an electric heating rod, a heat conduction member and a measuring point sensor provided by the example of this invention; Fig. 3 1s a structural diagram of another testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object provided by an example of this invention; The descriptions of reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1 case, 2 switch knob, 3 first display unit, 4 contact member, 5 electric heating rod, 6 second display unit, 7 measuring point sensor, 8 wire, 9 temperature contact measuring rod.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODYMENTS In order to make objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings.

In the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application rather than requiring the present application to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, thus it cannot 4

BL-5265 LU500351 be understood as a limitation to the present application. The terms "connected", "connecting", “provide” used in the present application should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a demountable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected via an intermediate component; it may be electrically connected by wire or wireless, may also be connected by wireless communication signals. For those ordinary skills in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific situation.

As illustrated in Figs. 1-3, the examples of this invention provide a testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object, which comprises: heating devices and contact members 4.

Wherein, the heating device is used to provide heat, and it can convert electric energy to heat energy, in which the heating method of the heating device is electric heating; it can convert chemical energy to heat energy as well, in which the heating method of the heating device is heating by combustion of fuel, which are not restricted by this example. The contact member 4 is used to conduct the energy from the heating device so that the temperature of the contact member 4 can be used to characterize the temperature of high-temperature object, and the temperatures of the two may be the same or the temperatures of the two are within the error range in application. The contact member 4 is arranged on the heating device, and contacts the skin surface to be tested, and is also opposite to the heating surface of the heating device. The material of contact member 4 is same as the material of high-temperature object, so that the contact member 4 can be used to characterize the high-temperature object. The temperature of object can increase due to the operation or being heated. When temperature of object is higher than the temperature threshold, the object is called a high-temperature object. The temperature threshold can be room temperature, or (room temperature +5 °C), or other values.

By providing the heating devices and the contact members 4, the materials of contact members 4 are same as the materials of high-temperature objects, and the

BL-5265 LU500351 temperatures of contact members 4 are same as the temperatures of high- temperature objects, so that the contact members 4 are used to characterize the high- temperature objects, which is convenient for testing the reaction of human skin when contacting the high-temperature objects, thus it can provide test data for the human-machine ergonomics when touching the hot surface in the process of actual production or life operation, and further protect the workers (that is, the executors of production or life operation).

In the testing, through the contact of the skin to contact members 4, the time threshold values of human skin contacting hot surfaces under different temperature or different testing methods can be tested, and the contact to the hot surface is mainly for getting the threshold of scald injury, so as to provide data for evaluating the risk of burns caused by the hot surfaces, and to provide support to the research work on the influence of hot surfaces temperature and duration in the human- machine interact process.

In order to make the structure of the heating device simple and the temperature of contact members 4 be controlled more accurately, the heating device includes: cases 1, electric heating bodies, heating controllers and temperature input units. The case 1 is used for providing support and accommodation space, and its shape can be a cuboid. The electric heating body is used to convert electric energy to heat energy, one of its ends is placed outside the case 1, opposite to the contact member 4, and the other end is placed on the case 1 or in the case 1. The heating controller 1s connected with the electric heating body, and used to control the heating process of the electric heating body to make the temperature of contact member 4 reach the preset temperature after being heated by the electric heating body, wherein the heating method may be PID control method in the prior art, or may also be other control methods. The temperature input unit is connected with the heating controller to input the preset temperature, and can be set on the case 1. The temperature input unit may take the form of a button, a switch knob 2 or a touch screen. In order to facilitate the test personnel to grasp the current preset 6

BL-5265 LU500351 temperature in time, this heating device also includes: a first display unit 3, which 1s connected with the heating controller to display the preset temperature.

In the actual operation, the contact method (or as test method) to high- temperature objects usually comprises grip method, such as griping by hand palm, and also touch method, such as touching by the fingers or other parts of the skin. In order to make the testing apparatus adapt to different contact methods, contact member 4 is in cylinder shape and is sleeved outside of one end of the electric heating body, and the bottom end of contact member 4 extends to the surface of case 1. The upper end of the contact member 4 is in sealed shape, so as to facilitate more heat of the electric heating body to be transmitted to the contact member 4, and the temperature of the contact member 4 is realized to be same as the preset temperature in a short time. The contact member 4 and the electric heating body can be combined as temperature contact measuring rod 9. The diameter range of the contact member 4 is 25-35 cm, such as 25 cm, 26 cm, 27 cm, 28 cm, 29 cm, 30 cm, 31 cm, 32 cm, 33 cm, 34 cm, 35 cm, which is conducive for human hands to grasp the contact member 4. The cross section of the contact member is preferably in circle.

In order to increase the heat transfer efficiency, the contact member 4 contacts the circumferential surface and the top surface of the electric heating body, that is, the contact member 4 is sleeved at the outside of the electric heating body and the inner end surface of the contact member 4 contacts the top surface of the electric heating body. The heat-conducting silica is glued between the electric heating body and the contact member 4, so that the two can be in good contact, which improves the thermal conductivity and stably fixes the contact member 4 on the electric heating body at the same time. The electric heating body is an electric heating rod

5.

When grasping by hand, the contact area between palm and contact member 4 1s large, 1f the consistency of surface temperature of contact member 4 is poor, the test cannot be well completed. In order to improve the consistency of surface 7

BL-5265 LU500351 temperature of the contact member, the thickness in the radial direction and the thickness in the axial direction, of the contact member 4, can be changed. Generally, the top of the electric heating body 1s affected by the structure of the electric heating body, especially when the electric heating body is an electric heating rod, the heat dissipation area 1s larger, thus the thickness of the contact member 4 in the axial direction is less than that in the radial direction, that is, the thickness of the top of the contact member 4 is less than the thickness of the side wall of the contact member 4. The specific measurements of the contact members 4 vary from the different materials of the contact members 4, which can be determined from the calibration test for the surface temperature consistency. The calibration test for the surface temperature consistency is mainly to measure the surface temperature of contact member 4 in all directions. If the temperature difference of each measuring point exceeds the error limit, it can be adjusted by changing the wall thickness of contact member 4 in all directions.

In order to facilitate the controlling of the test start time, the test apparatus also comprises: the measuring point sensors 7 and the second display units 6. The measuring point sensor 7 is used to measure the temperature of the contact member 4, and is provided inside of the contact member 4, such as inlayed in. The second display unit 6 is connected with the measuring point sensor 4 for displaying the measured temperature of the measuring point sensor 4. The temperature data from the measuring point sensor 7 can be transferred to the second display unit 6 on the case 1 by wire 8 along the inside of the contact member 4. When the displayed temperature of the second display unit 6 is equal with the preset temperature, the testing is started. Since the temperature of the surface of the contact member 4 will decrease after the skin part contacts the contact member 4 during the test, the temperature of the contact member 4 after the skin part contacts the surface of the contact member 4 should also be recorded during the test, which is the display temperature, and can be observed and recorded through the second display unit 6. In other examples, the measuring point sensor 7 can be connected with electric 8

BL-5265 LU500351 heater. The heating controller can control the heating process of the electric heating body according to the measured temperature of the measuring point sensor 7. The measuring point sensor 7 can also be connected with the second display unit 6 through the heating controller.

Affected by the ambient air temperature outside the contact member 4, the measuring point sensor 7 is usually not arranged on the outer surface of the contact member 4, but is arranged inside the contact member 4. In order to make the temperature displayed by the second display unit 6 equal with the surface temperature of the contact member 4, that is, the difference between the two meets the error requirements, it is necessary to adjust the embedding depth of the measuring point sensor 7 in the contact member 4, which is relative to the depth of the radial outer surface of the contact member 4. The depth can be determined by the calibration test of the deviation between the display temperature and the actual temperature (that is, the actual temperature of the contact member). When calibrating, the temperature can be measured by thermal infrared instrument.

In actual production or life, the skin parts may contact high-temperature objects, and may contact low-temperature objects as well. In order to get the overall test data, that is, to get the data after the skin parts contact cold surfaces, this testing apparatus also comprises: a low-temperature environment room, which is used to provide low-temperature environment. The temperature of low-temperature environment is usually lower than room temperature, and can be determined specifically according to the test requirements. During the application, the heating device and the contact member 4 are set inside of the low-temperature room, and the heating equipment does not work at this time. After a certain period of time, the test 1s carried out. At this time, through the skin in contact with the contact member 4, the time threshold values of human skin in contact with the cold surface under different temperatures and different test methods can be tested, including pain, numbness, frostbite and other thresholds of contacting cold surfaces.

The materials of the high-temperature objects can be different, the feelings 9

BL-5265 LU500351 when contacting hot under the same temperature are different for different materials. In order to improve the test efficiency, the number of the heating devices for this testing apparatus is multiple, the number of the contact members 4 is multiple too, and the materials of multiple contact members 4 are different from each other, and multiple contact members 4 correspond to multiple heating devices one by one, so that each contact member 4 has an independent heating device, so that a variety of materials can be tested at one time. The quantity of the heating devices can be determined according to specific test requirement. It is to be noted that the distances between the contact members 4 of different materials should be fit for the measurement of human hands’ gripping and not interfere with each other, for example, the distance is larger than 15 cm.

As is known from the technical common knowledge, the present invention can be realized in other specific embodiments without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the above disclosed embodiments, in all aspects, are all only as exemplary descriptions but rather than the only ones. All variations within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included within this invention.

Claims

BL-5265 LU500351 CLAIMS:

1. À testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object, characterized by comprising: heating devices for providing heat; and contact members, for conducting energy from the heating device, so as to make temperature of the contact members as same as temperature of high-temperature objects, wherein the contact members are set on the heating devices, and contact under-test skin surface, materials of the contact members are same as the materials of the high-temperature objects.

2. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating devices comprise: cases; electric heating bodies, provided on the cases, wherein one end of the electric heating body is located outside of the case, and opposite to the contact member; heating controllers, connected with the electric heating bodies for controlling a heating process of the electric heating bodies so as to make the temperature of the contact members as a pre-set temperature; and temperature input units, connected with the heating controllers for inputting the pre-set temperature.

3. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact members are sleeved on one ends of the electric heating bodies and are in cylindrical shape with upper ends sealed.

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BL-5265

4. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting 09 high-temperature object according to claim 3, characterized in that the contact members are in contact with circumferential surfaces and top surfaces of the electric heating bodies.

5. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 4, characterized in that a thickness in a radial direction of the contact members is set to be greater than a thickness in an axial direction of the contact members.

6. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the electric heating bodies are electric heating rods, bottom ends of the contact members contact surfaces of the cases.

7. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 2, characterized by also comprising: measuring point sensors, provided in the contact members for measuring the temperature of the contact members; and second display units, connected with the measuring point sensors, for displaying the temperature tested by the measuring point sensors.

8. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 7, characterized in that, the locations of the measuring point sensors in the contact members are determined through calibration tests, the calibration test is a test calibrated by a deviation between the display temperature of the second display units and the actual temperature of the contact members.

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9. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting 09 high-temperature object according to claim 1, characterized by also comprising: a low temperature environment room, containing all the heating devices and contact members, for providing low temperature environment.

10. The testing apparatus used to test reaction of skin surface when contacting high-temperature object according to claim 1, characterized in that, a number of the heating devices is more than one, wherein one contact member is provided for each of the heating devices, materials of the multiple contact members are different from each other.

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