LU500185B1 - High-efficiency Water-retaining Blended Fertilizer and Production Method Thereof - Google Patents
High-efficiency Water-retaining Blended Fertilizer and Production Method Thereof Download PDFInfo
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- LU500185B1 LU500185B1 LU500185A LU500185A LU500185B1 LU 500185 B1 LU500185 B1 LU 500185B1 LU 500185 A LU500185 A LU 500185A LU 500185 A LU500185 A LU 500185A LU 500185 B1 LU500185 B1 LU 500185B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer and a production method thereof. The raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 15-20% of urea, 8-10% of diammonium phosphate, 12-18% of potassium sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of borax, 0.05-0.1% of zinc sulfate, 10-15% of polyacrylamide and 37-55% of clay. A new type fertilizer with water-retaining function, fertilizer efficiency and soil improvement function is formed. The high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer is safe, environment-friendly, non-toxic and tasteless. It also does not pollute plants, soil and groundwater and the like, and has no residual organic and inorganic harmful substances. The blended fertilizer is suitable for mechanized fertilization and can be applied to various crops and soils. It also has the functions of repeatedly absorbing and storing fertilizer and water, and then slowly releasing fertilizer and water in drought, thus enhancing the drought resistance of crops.
Description
DESCRIPTION High-efficiency Water-retaining Blended Fertilizer and Production Method Thereof
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and specifically involves a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer and a production method thereof.
BACKGROUND China's total water resources rank sixth in the world, but its water resource per capita is only a quarter of the world average and ranks 121st in the world, China is one of the 13 water-poor countries in the world. Moreover, China's central and western regions are seriously short of water, the dry farming area is more than 70 million hectares, and 55% ~ 65% of the annual precipitation is evaporated, agricultural production is seriously affected, and the ecological environment is deteriorating day by day.
According to the relevant research results published by the Ministry of Agriculture's "Research Report on Fertilizer Utilization Rate of China's Three Major Grain Crops", the average utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer for three major grain crops ( rice, wheat and maize) in China were 33%, 24% and 42%, respectively. Among them, the utilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat were 32%, 19% and 44%, respectively, while those in rice were 35%, 25% and 41%, and those in maize were 32%, 25% and 43% respectively. At present, the fertilizer utilization rate of major grain crops in China is still at a low level, and there is still a large room for improvement.
In order to improve the use efficiency of water and fertilizer, it is necessary to assemble and produce high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer to suit the production needs. At present, the research and application of water-retaining fertilizer are developing rapidly in China. It is in great demand of market, but less in production capacity, and the products produced have few functions and low performance. Problems such as high production cost, complicated procedure and pollution of water-retaining fertilizer show that the farmland application is expensive, easy to absorb moisture and it 1s difficult to solve the problem of mechanized use. In the prior art, the technology of mechanized precision fertilization is not adopted, and the common water-retaining agent is easy to absorb moisture in the process of large-scale mechanical fertilization, which results in blockage of the feeding port and incapability of fertilization. Moreover, when the fertilizer ratio of existing water-retaining agent is large, the water-retaining effect will be reduced; when the fertilizer ratio of existing water-retaining agent is small, extra fertilization is needed in the later planting process, which increases the cost of artificial fertilization. In addition, in the prior art, the granulation effect of the water-retaining fertilizer is uneven and the shapes are different. Therefore, it is urgent to create a high- efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer production process and product with good product performance and multifunction. Based on many years' research and production test of high-efficiency water-retaining agent, the inventor has fully studied the water-retaining blended fertilizer technology according to the principles of advanced technology, reliable and simple process, reasonable economics and optimized system, and completed the present invention.
SUMMARY In view of the problems in the prior art that the water-retaining fertilizer is easily affected with damp and is not suitable for mechanized use, the object of present invention is to provide a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer and a production method thereof, thus offering technical support for the mass production of water-retaining fertilizers.
The technical scheme adopted by present invention 1s as follows: a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15-20% of urea, 8-10% of diammonium phosphate, 12-18% of potassium sulfate, 0.1-
0.2% of borax, 0.05-0.1% of zinc sulfate, 10-15% of polyacrylamide and 37-55% of clay.
Furthermore, it also contains trace elements, namely, trace element selenium, trace element iron, trace element calcium, trace element molybdenum and trace element iodine.
Furthermore, the fertilizer application amount of the blended fertilizer is 12- 16kg/667m°.
A production method of a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) Preparing fertilizer solution Adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax and zinc sulfate into a neutralization kettle according to a weight ratio, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 1.5-2, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer solution.
(2) Adding polyacrylamide Taking polyacrylamide according to a weight ratio, adding polyacrylamide into the fertilizer solution in the step (1), then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 6-9, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution.
(3) Adding clay Taking clay according to a weight ratio, adding clay into the fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution in the step (2), then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 1-3, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixture of evenly coating polyacrylamide with compound mud fertilizer.
(4) Granulation and drying Sending the mixture obtained in step (3) into a granulator for granulation, sieving by a sieving machine to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-6mm, and then sending to a microwave dryer for drying to obtain a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
Further, in the step (4), the microwave dryer dries at the temperature of 105-130°C for 15-25 min.
The present invention has the beneficial effects that the high-efficiency water- retaining blended fertilizer prepared by the invention is formed by mixing clay, polyacrylamide and various nutrient element fertilizers and granulating, and the amount of water-retaining agent is moderate. The fertilizer is combined with machinery, moisture absorption and the like. A novel fertilizer product with versatility of water-retaining function, fertilizer efficiency and soil amelioration effect is formed, and is suitable for mechanized large-scale production. The high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer has moderate pH value, is neutral, safe, environment-friendly and non-toxic and tasteless. It does not pollute plants, soil and groundwater and the like, and has no residual organic and inorganic harmful substances.
The high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages of comprehensive nutrients, high concentration, obvious yield increase and abridged costs, strong pertinence and simple processing. The addition of clay guarantees the uniform granulation of the fertilizer and prevents other irregular shapes such as fertilizer polygon. The fertilizer also has the advantages of low production cost, non- pollution and flexible formula. It can be flexibly changed according to different conditions such as crop nutrition, soil fertility, yield level and the like, thus compensating for shortcomings that the general water-retaining fertilizer is easy to cause some nutrient deficiency or surplus due to the fixed nutrient distribution ratio.
The blended fertilizer is suitable for mechanized fertilization, has good fertilizer control effect, and avoids the loss of fertilizer efficiency of coated slow-release fertilizer under the condition of large surface water flow. With the synergistic effect of the components, various nutrient elements are adsorbed in granular fertilizer. The blended fertilizer has good slow release effect, can be applied to various crops and soils. It also has the functions of repeatedly absorbing and storing fertilizer and water, and then slowly releasing fertilizer and water in drought, thus enhancing the drought resistance of crops, The aims of coordinating nutrient balance, improving fertilizer and water utilization efficiency, and significantly increasing crop yield will be achieved.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Embodiment 1 A high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15% of urea, 8% of diammonium phosphate, 12% of potassium sulfate, 0.1% of borax,
0.05% of zinc sulfate, 10% of polyacrylamide and 37% of clay.
Embodiment 2 A high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 18% of urea, 9% of diammonium phosphate, 16% of potassium sulfate, 0.15% of borax, 0.08% of zinc sulfate, 13% of polyacrylamide and 45% of clay.
According to the raw materials of Example 2, a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer was prepared. It was compared with the common blended fertilizer in the experimental field of Qingdao Agricultural University.
Table 1 Chlorophyll Content (SPAD value) of Wheat under Different treatments Tew ws Ter It can be seen from Table 1 that the chlorophyll content of wheat treated with high- efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer is greater than that treated with common water- retaining fertilizer, which indicates that the application of high-efficiency blended fertilizer can greatly improve the chlorophyll content of wheat. Table 2 Effects of Different Treatments on Winter Wheat Yield The data in Table 2 shows the effects of different treatments on winter wheat yield. It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the yield of wheat with high-efficiency water- retaining blended fertilizer is 453.54kg/667m?, which is 18.3% higher than that with blended fertilizer. High-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer can coordinate the size relationship among yield components well, and enable the wheat to obtain high yield.
Embodiment 3 A high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of urea, 10% of diammonium phosphate, 18% of potassium sulfate, 0.2% of borax, 0.1% of zinc sulfate, 15% of polyacrylamide and 55% of clay.
Embodiment 4 A production method of a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) Preparing fertilizer solution According to the production capacity of 100 kg, mixing and adding 16 kg of urea, 9 kg of diammonium phosphate, 13 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.1 kg of borax and 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate into a neutralization kettle, and then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:1.5, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer solution.
(2) Adding polyacrylamide Adding 10 kg of polyacrylamide into the obtained fertilizer aqueous solution, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:7, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution.
(3) Adding clay
Adding 51.8 kg of clay into the obtained fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:2, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixture of evenly coating polyacrylamide with compound mud fertilize.
(4) Granulation and drying Sending the obtained mixture into a granulator for granulation, sieving by a sieving machine to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-6mm containing the high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer, and then sending the particles into a microwave dryer for drying at the temperature of 105-130°C for 15-25 min to obtain the high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
Corn growth and development experiments were carried out on the high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer obtained above. The blended fertilizer produced by regular manufacturers in the market was selected as the control treatment according to the principle of same cost input. The experimental site was the experimental base of Qingdao Agricultural University. Two treatments were set up, namely, the control (equivalent common blended fertilizer): 52.3kg/667m°, the treatment (high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer): 15.3kg/667m?, with a plot area of 40 m? and 3 replications. All fertilizers were used as base fertilizer and applied at one time by furrow application. The relevant indicators were determined on September 5, September 16 and September 27,
2015. Soil moisture content was determined by drying method by drilling 0-40cm soil samples, and chlorophyll content was determined by SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter.
Table 3 Soil Moisture Content (%) of Peanut under Different Treatments Depth September 5 September 16 September 27 | 020 | 81 | 85 | 65 | 69 | 73 | 106 | 2040 | 83 | 86 | 81 | 82 | 87 | 107 | It can be seen from Table 3 that under the same cost input, using high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer can keep higher soil moisture content than using common blended fertilizer, which is in favor of corn growth.
Table 4 Chlorophyll Content of Maize Leaves under Different Treatments | September 5 September 16 September 27 It can be seen from Table 4 that under the same cost input, using high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer can keep higher leaf chlorophyll content and decrease slowly compared with using common blended fertilizer, which 1s in favor of corn growth.
From the final yield results, the yield of corn treated with high-efficiency water- retaining blended fertilizer was 511.66kg/667m°, and that of control treated with common blended fertilizer was 490.35kg/667m°, so high yield could be obtained by using high- efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
Embodiment 5 A production method of a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) Preparing fertilizer solution
According to the production capacity of 100 kg, mixing and adding 17 kg of urea, 8 kg of diammonium phosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, 0.1 kg of borax and 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate into a neutralization kettle, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:1.6, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer solution.
(2) Adding polyacrylamide Adding 11 kg of polyacrylamide into the obtained fertilizer aqueous solution, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:7, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution.
(3) Adding clay Adding 48.8 kg of clay into the obtained fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1:2, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixture of evenly coating polyacrylamide with compound mud fertilizer.
(4) Granulation and drying Sending the obtained mixture into a granulator for granulation, sieving by a sieving machine to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-6mm containing the high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer, and then sending the particles into a microwave dryer for drying at the temperature of 105-130°C for 15-25 min to obtain the high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
Peanut growth and development experiments were carried out on the above- mentioned high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer. The blended fertilizer produced by regular manufacturers in the market was selected as the control treatment according to the principle of same cost input. The experimental site was the experimental base of Qingdao Agricultural University. Two treatments were set up, namely, control (equivalent common blended fertilizer): 48.6kg/667m°, treatment (high-efficiency water- retaining blended fertilizer): 13.7kg/667m?, with a plot area of 36m? and 3 replications. All fertilizers were used as base fertilizer and applied at one time by furrow application. The relevant indicators were determined on September 5, September 16 and September 27, 2015 . Soil moisture content was determined by drying method by drilling 0-40cm soil samples, chlorophyll content was determined by SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter. Table 5 Soil Moisture Content (%) of Peanut under Different Treatments Depth September 5 September 16 September 27 | 0-20 | 60 | 71 | 54 | 69 | 71 | 86 | 2040 | 62 73 | 59 | 72 | 77 | 89 | It can be seen from Table 5 that under the same cost input, using high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer can keep higher soil moisture content than using common blended fertilizer, which is in favor of peanut growth.
Table 6 Chlorophyll Content of Maize Leaves under Different Treatments 1) September 5 September 16 September 27 It can be seen from Table 6 that under the same cost input, using high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer can keep higher chlorophyll content in leaves than using common blended fertilizer, which is in favor of peanut growth.
From the final yield results, the yield of corn treated with high-efficiency water- retaining blended fertilizer was 326.02kg/667m°, and that of control with common blended fertilizer was 291.51kg/667m°, so high yield could be obtained by using high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
The above is not a limitation of the present invention, but it should be pointed out that for common technicians in the technical field, without departing from the essential scope of the present invention, several changes, modifications, additions or substitutions can be made, and these improvements and embellishments should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15-20% of urea, 8-10% of diammonium phosphate, 12-18% of potassium sulfate, 0.1-0.2% of borax, 0.05-0.1% of zinc sulfate, 10-15% of polyacrylamide and 37-55% of clay.
2. The high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising one or more of trace elements, namely, trace element selenium, trace element iron, trace element calcium, trace element molybdenum and trace element 10dine.
3. A high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the fertilizer application amount of the blended fertilizer is 12- 16kg/667m°.
4. The production method of high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing fertilizer solution: adding urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax and zinc sulfate into a neutralization kettle according to a weight ratio, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 1.5-2, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer solution; (2) adding polyacrylamide: taking polyacrylamide according to the weight ratio, adding polyacrylamide into the fertilizer solution in the step (1), then adding water according to a weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 6-9, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution: (3) adding clay: taking clay according to a weight ratio, adding clay into the fertilizer and polyacrylamide blended aqueous solution in the step (2), then adding water according to the weight ratio of the above substances to water of 1: 1-3, and fully stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixture of evenly coating polyacrylamide with compound mud fertilizer; (4) granulation and drying: sending the mixture obtained in step (3) into a granulator for granulation, sieving by a sieving machine to obtain particles with the particle size of 4-6mm, and then sending to a microwave dryer for drying to obtain a high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer.
5. The production method of high-efficiency water-retaining blended fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that in the step (4), the microwave dryer is used for drying at the temperature of 105-130°C for 15-25 min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| LU500185A LU500185B1 (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | High-efficiency Water-retaining Blended Fertilizer and Production Method Thereof |
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| LU500185A LU500185B1 (en) | 2021-05-21 | 2021-05-21 | High-efficiency Water-retaining Blended Fertilizer and Production Method Thereof |
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