LU101613B1 - Thermal treatment of mineral raw materials with a mechanical fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials, in particular lithium ores, the device having a comminution device 10, a granulation device 30 and a heat treatment device, characterized in that the granulation device 30 is a mechanical fluidized bed reactor.

Description

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU. thyssenkrupp AG 01/20/2020 © 1/13 lu101613 | Thermal treatment of mineral raw materials with a mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor | The invention relates to an apparatus and a method in particular from | 5 lithium ores.

| US Pat. No. 6,083,295 A discloses a method for processing fine-grained material; known with a granulation.

| 10 From WO 2017/144469 A1 a method for the heat treatment of granular | Solids known.

| From DE 27 26 138 A1 a method and a device for the production of | Cement clinker made from moist agglomerated cement raw material known. The | The device has a preheating zone, a deacidification zone and a sintering zone. | DE 102017 202 824 A1 discloses a plant for the production of cement, | in particular cement clinker, with a preheater, which has a plurality of | Has cyclones, a calciner for deacidification and a rotary kiln known. : EP 3 476 812 A1 discloses a method for drying granulated material | known.

| From EPO500561B1 a device for mixing and thermal | 25 Treatment of solid particles with an essentially horizontally arranged | Known container. From DE 1 051 250 a method and a device for | Mixing powdery or fine-grained masses with liquids is known. Off | DE2729477C2 is a ploughshare-like mixing tool for such; Devices known. A similar mixing tool for such devices is also | 30 known from DE 197 06 364 C2. Appropriate mixing devices are available from | of the company Gebrüder Lädige Maschinenbau GmbH under the name Pflugschar- | Mixers are offered and create a mechanical fluidized bed inside.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 23 January 20, 2020 101613 | The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method, | with which above all ores can be thermally treated, which on the one hand for | increased build-up, on the other hand due to melting properties and / or | Particle sizes can represent an increased load on the air cycle.

: This object is achieved by the device with the features specified in claim 1 and the method with the features specified in claim 11. | Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims, the | following description as well as the drawings.

| The device according to the invention for the thermal treatment of mineral | Raw materials are used in particular for the thermal treatment of lithium ores, for example lithium aluminum silicate, such as spodumene (LiAI [Si2O6]) or | Petalite (LiAI [SisO40]).

| The device has a comminution device, a granulation device and | a heat treatment device. According to the invention, the | Granulation device a mechanical fluidized bed reactor.

| 20 It has been shown that a | leads to a very beneficial change in the finely ground mineral raw material. | Due to the comparatively uniform size distribution of the agglomerated particles | becomes both sticking in a heat treatment device and | Prevents the product from going into the gas phase. The latter leads to the | 25 product has to be filtered out of the exhaust gas flow and thus practically circulated /, which is a burden for the entire process.

| While gases are used in a normal fluidized bed reactor in order to mix a / solid with the gas space and thus to fluidize it and to | 30 transport, this is achieved purely mechanically in a mechanical fluidized bed reactor with the help of a mixing tool.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 313 01/20/2020 101 613 | It has been shown that the effect of the mechanical fluidized bed reactor is that the | very fine particles, which are ground, agglomerate. This creates a | Avoid dust formation in the following process steps, since in particular | particularly small particles can be reduced very significantly. This is how | 5 also much less for sticking material to the walls of the preheater, | especially if this is designed in the form of several successively designed cyclones).

| The preheater can be designed as a direct current preheater. Here, gas | 10 and solid are transported in the same direction, while the heat from the gas to the | Solid is transferred. An example of this are cyclones connected in series. , The heat transfer takes place in the connections between the cyclones in 1 direct current, the cyclones then serve to separate gas and solids, | Alternatively, the preheater can be designed as a counterflow preheater. A | corresponding Vorwdrmer is for example and in particular from the | DE 383 42 15 A1 is known.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, the | 20 heat treatment device on a preheater, the preheater 2 to 8 | Has cyclones. Cyclones allow the | Materials. At the same time, the gas is cooled in countercurrent and thus the energy | recovered.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, the | Heat treatment device on a calciner.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, the calciner is a multi-deck furnace. : 30 In a further embodiment of the invention, subsequent to the | Heat treatment device arranged a cooler, by way of example and preferably / consists of 2 to 8 cyclones. Cyclones allow the material to be cooled down quickly and efficiently. At the same time, the gas is heated in countercurrent.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU S thyssenkrupp AG a3 January 20, 2020 101613 | In a further embodiment of the invention, the cooler is directly connected to the | Calcinator is connected. In this embodiment, an oven, | In particular, a rotary kiln is completely dispensed with. This makes the dwell time | 5 significantly reduced in the entire device and lowered the energy requirement. | However, this implies rapid and even heating and thus | Substance conversion is preceded by the equalizing effect of the mechanical; Fluidized bed is given. By using the mechanical fluidized bed reactor | it was found that an extremely uniform agglomeration of the; 10 starting material is achieved. This leads to the fact that in addition to the excellent | Adhesion-free passage through the preheater and the calciner is also extremely | good and above all even heating and thus already implementation of the | Starting material results. It has been shown that after the | Passing through the calciner, the starting material has already been converted. | 15 This can cause long heating in the oven, which, according to the prevailing opinion, leads to | full implementation is necessary to be dispensed with. This leads to | A saving both in the construction of the system, but above all in its operation.

] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the; 20 heat treatment device on a rotary kiln. This embodiment can | be preferred if a prolonged thermal treatment of the starting material is too; optimized product properties.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, the mechanical | 25 fluidized bed reactor on a substantially horizontally arranged container. Along | a shaft is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal axis of the container, whereby radially on the | Shaft mixing tools are arranged. These mixing tools can be used in the simplest | Case be rod-shaped and arranged vertically on the shaft. Particularly preferred are | the mixing tools are designed in the shape of a ploughshare. Examples of ploughshare-shaped | 30 mixing tools can be found in DE2729477C2 or / DE 197 06 364 C2, for example.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 5/13 01/20/2020 14101613 | In a further embodiment of the invention, the mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor on at least one fluid supply. Other | Fluid feeds, in particular along the direction of transport of the material, | be arranged. The fluid supply is particularly preferably used to supply | 5 water. Water supports the agglomeration and thus leads to more uniform | Particles. In particular, the addition of water reduces the proportion of the smallest particles | reduces dust formation and material sticking in the cyclones | can be avoided particularly efficiently.

| 10 In a further embodiment of the invention, before the mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor arranged a fluid supply. This can be present in addition or as an alternative to a fluid supply in the mechanical fluidized bed reactor.

; In a further embodiment of the invention, the mechanical | 15 fluidized bed reactor has a fuel supply. Alternatively or additionally, | a fuel supply can also take place upstream of the mechanical fluidized bed reactor. | As a result, the fuel can be converted into the mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor resulting particles are incorporated. This fuel ignites in a later process after its ignition temperature has been exceeded, for example in the | 20 calciner, and thus leads to a much more targeted heating of the raw material.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, between the mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor and the preheater a riser dryer arranged. The | Riser tube dryer has two advantages. On the one hand, in particular water, which | 25 is used in agglomeration in the mechanical fluidized bed reactor, discharged | will. On the other hand, the material can be brought to the entrance height of the preheater | be transported. Furthermore, the riser dryer can also be used to set the | Particle size are used. About the gas velocity and, if necessary, about | a cyclone separator at the upper end of the riser dryer can in particular | 30 particles that are too large are separated and, in particular, returned for regrinding | will.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 6/13 January 20, 2020, 101613 | In a further embodiment of the invention, between the | Crushing device and the mechanical fluidized bed reactor a | Arranged homogenization stage. One homogenization stage is special | advantageous if fuel and / or binding agent | 5 is added.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, between the mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor and the heat treatment device a riser dryer | arranged. The riser dryer has two advantages. On the one hand, in particular | 10 Water used in agglomeration in the mechanical fluidized bed reactor | will be carried out. On the other hand, the material can be transported to the entrance level of the preheater.

| In a further aspect, the invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials, in particular lithium ores, wherein the | The method comprises the following steps: / a) comminuting the mineral raw material in a comminuting device, | b) granulating the product from step a) in a granulating device, | c) Heat treatment of the product from step b) in a | 20 heat treatment device.

| According to the invention, the method is characterized in that after step b) 90% | of all particles have a particle size between 500 µm and 5 mm.

| In this way, the starting material can advantageously be ground very finely. | 25 Usually a compromise has to be made. The finer the materials ‘are ground, the better and more homogeneous the firing process is. To small . However, particles are disruptive to the process, as already stated. But since the | Particles are not introduced into the process in the fine milled size, | this limitation does not apply.

| 30 | In a further embodiment of the invention, a mechanical | Fluidized bed reactor selected as the granulation device.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 01/20/2020 | 7/13 lu101613 | In a further embodiment of the invention, a granulating plate is used as; Granulation device selected.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, a material bed roller mill is used as | 5 granulation device selected.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, a bricket press is used as. Granulation device selected.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, before and / or in step b) a | Fuel, in particular a fuel with an ignition temperature of 500 ° C to | 650 ° C, is added. The fuel is preferably selected from the group | including coal, pulverized coal, cellulose.

| 15 This fuel ignites in a later process after its | is exceeded Ignition temperature, for example in the calciner, and thus leads to a significant | more targeted heating of the raw material.

: In a further embodiment of the invention, fuel is used up to a | 20 mass content of at most 50%, preferably of at most 20%, supplied.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, fuel is supplied up to a / mass content of at least 0.1%, preferably of at least 5%.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, before and / or in step b) a; Binder added. Aluminum silicate | is an example and preferred binder or a sulfate is selected.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment in step; 30 c [) at a temperature of at least 600 ° C., preferably at least 800 ° C., | carried out.

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU, thyssenkrupp AG 8/13 January 20, 2020 101613 | In a further embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment in step | c) at a temperature of not more than 1200 ° C, preferably not more than 1100 ° C, | particularly preferably at most 1000 ° C. carried out.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, cooling / of the product takes place after step c), the product preferably being cooled to below 600.degree.

| In a further embodiment of the invention, after step c), the product is comminuted.

| 10; In a further embodiment of the invention, wet grinding takes place in step | a) and subsequent agglomeration in step b) without prior: drying.

| 15 In a further embodiment of the invention carried out in such a way that the | Nitrogen content of the gas phase in the preheater less than 30 vol .-%, preferably less than; 15% by volume, particularly preferably less than 5% by volume. This | is preferred achieved by adding pure oxygen as secondary air to the burner. | The advantage is that a subsequent separation of the resulting carbon dioxide | 20 is facilitated from the gas phase. This is advantageous with the agglomeration of the | Starting material, as dusts interfere with the deposition of carbon dioxide | are. However, the process according to the invention makes dusts particularly special greatly reduced. The separation of the carbon dioxide serves to reduce the emission | Avoid climate-damaging gases.

| The device according to the invention is shown below with the aid of one in the drawings illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.

| Fig. 1 first embodiment | 30 Fig. 2 second embodiment | In Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a device for thermal treatment; shown of mineral raw materials. The device has a

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 9/13 01/20/2020 101613 Crushing device 10, for example a mill.

A homogenization stage 20 is then arranged, in which the ground mineral / raw material is mixed with a fuel and a binding agent.

Subsequently, the starting material is / the granulation device 30, a mechanical | 5 fluidized bed reactor, granulated.

The granulated material is placed in a riser dryer | 40 promoted and transported into a preheater 50, which preferably consists of four to; consists of six cyclones.

The preheater 50 is followed by the calciner 60 and | the calciner 60 of the rotary kiln 70.

Preheater 50, Calcinator 60 and | Rotary kiln 70 form the heat treatment device.

To the | The heat treatment device is followed by the cooler 80 | The second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first embodiment Embodiment in that the heat treatment device does not have | Has rotary kiln 70, but the cooler 80 is directly attached to the calciner 60 | 15 connects.

To generate the heat, the calciner 60 is equipped with a burner 90 | tied together.

In this second embodiment, the cooler 80 is preferably composed of four | built up to six cyclones. | Reference symbols | 20 10 Shredding device | 20 homogenization stage

30 granulation device

40 riser rockers

50 preheaters

60 calciner

70 rotary kiln

80 cooler

90 burner ee

Claims (1)

| thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 10/13 January 20, 2020 u101613 | Claims | 1. Device for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials, | in particular lithium ores, the device being a | 5 comminution device (10), a granulation device (30) and a | Has heat treatment device, characterized in that the! Granulation device (30) is a mechanical fluidized bed reactor. | 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the | 10 heat treatment device has a preheater (50), wherein the | Preheater (50) has 2 to 8 cyclones. | 3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized | characterized in that the heat treatment device comprises a calciner (60) | 15 has; | 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized | characterized in that following the heat treatment device a | Cooler (80) is arranged. | 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 and claim 4, characterized in that | the cooler (80) is connected directly to the calciner (60). | 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that! 25, the heat treatment device has a rotary kiln (70). | 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in | characterized in that the mechanical fluidized bed reactor has an im | Has substantially horizontally arranged container, wherein along. the | 30 a shaft is arranged in the middle of the longitudinal axis of the container, with radially on the | Shaft mixing tools are arranged. | 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ’mixing tools are designed in the shape of a ploughshare. | 35 | thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 1/13 January 20, 2020 1101613 | 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the comminuting device (10) and the | mechanical fluidized bed reactor a homogenization stage (20) arranged | 10.Vorrichtung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized | characterized that between the mechanical fluidized bed reactor and the | Heat treatment device a riser dryer (40) is arranged. | 10 11. Process for the thermal treatment of mineral raw materials, | in particular lithium ores, the method comprising the following steps:; a) Comminution of the mineral raw material in a comminution device | (10), | b) granulating the product from step a) in a granulation device (30), c) heat treatment of the product from step b) in a | Heat treatment device, | characterized in that after step b) 90% of all particles have a | Have particle size between 500 µm and 5 mm. . 20 12.Verfahren according to claim 11, characterized in that a mechanical ä fluidized bed reactor is used as the granulation device (30). | 13. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 12, characterized in, | that before and / or in step b) a fuel, in particular a fuel with; 25 an ignition temperature of 500 ° C to 650 ° C, is added. | 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the fuel; is selected from the group comprising coal, coal dust, cellulose. ; 30 15.Verfahren according to any one of claims 13 to 14, characterized in that: that fuel up to a mass content of at most 50%, preferably of; a maximum of 20% is added. | 16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in, | 35 that fuel up to a mass content of at least 0.1%, preferably of | at least 5% is supplied, | thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 190640P00LU | thyssenkrupp AG 01/20/2020 | 12/13 lu101613 | 17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that | that a binder is added before and / or in step b). | 5 18.Verfahren according to claim 14, characterized in that as a binder | Aluminum silicate or a sulfate is selected. | 19. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that | that the heat treatment in step c) at a temperature of at least | 10 600 ° C, preferably at least 800 ° C, is carried out. | 20. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in, | that the heat treatment in step c) at a temperature of at most | 1200 ° C., preferably at most 1100 ° C., particularly preferably at most 15 ° 1000 ° C., is carried out. | 21. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 20, characterized in that | that after step c) the product is cooled. | 20 22. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 21, characterized in that | that after step c) the product is comminuted.