LU101286B1 - FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing transmission and reception coupling and supporting high output power - Google Patents

FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing transmission and reception coupling and supporting high output power Download PDF

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Publication number
LU101286B1
LU101286B1 LU101286A LU101286A LU101286B1 LU 101286 B1 LU101286 B1 LU 101286B1 LU 101286 A LU101286 A LU 101286A LU 101286 A LU101286 A LU 101286A LU 101286 B1 LU101286 B1 LU 101286B1
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LU
Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
fmcw
high output
reception
coupling
transmission
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Application number
LU101286A
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German (de)
Inventor
Jianguo Ma
Shaohua Zhou
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Qingdao Institute For Ocean Technology Of Tianjin Univ
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S13/36—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/536—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/50—Circuits using different frequencies for the two directions of communication
    • H04B1/52—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa
    • H04B1/525—Hybrid arrangements, i.e. arrangements for transition from single-path two-direction transmission to single-direction transmission on each of two paths or vice versa with means for reducing leakage of transmitter signal into the receiver

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing coupling between transmission and reception and supporting a high output power is proposed, wherein on the basis of a FMCW system that achieves a high output power, combined with the working principle of the FMCW system, the coupling between the transmission and reception is suppressed by a cancellation technique of an attenuator + a phase shifter at a transmitting end; the present invention is based on the semiconductor technology, facilitates integration with a back-end circuit, and is easy to achieve mass production, thereby reducing the cost of the development of subsequent products. Using such cancellation technology can achieve good isolation between the transmission and reception, which can meet the demands of the system; and based on this cancellation technology, the FMCW system with a high output power can be designed, which greatly reduces the influence of signal coupling between the transmission and reception on the overall system operation.

Description

FMCW TRANSCEIVER ARCHITECTURE SUPPRESSING TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION COUPLING AND SUPPORTING HIGH OUTPUT POWER
Technical field
The present invention belongs to the field of microwave engineering, and specifically relates to a transceiver architecture suitable for a high output power FMCW system + suppressing coupling between transmission and reception, namely, a FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing coupling between transmission and reception and supporting a high output power.
Technical background
With the growing demand for high-integration products (imaging, automotive radar, etc.) and the development of terahertz technology, high-efficiency and high-integration transceiver chips with low cost are a major trend in the future. For example, in the field of automotive radars, millimeter wave radars can be of small overall volume and easy to install, which is suitable for use as anti-collision and ranging radars in the automotive vehicles. Therefore, in order to achieve both low cost and high integration requirements, the advantages of semiconductor technology-based terahertz transceiver chips in future product applications are becoming more and more obvious.
Compared with a pulse radar, a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar requires less transmission power and requires continuous transmission power. The required peak power is low, which can produce a better signal-to-noise ratio. Compared with other continuous wave radars, the FMCW radar can simultaneously realize ranging, speed measurement and multi-target detection. At the same time, the detection bandwidth of the FMCW radar in data acquisition is relatively narrow, which reduces the bandwidth of noise, and exhibits a better signal-to-noise ratio, and the requirement for speed of data acquisition is not very high.
In practical applications, in order to make the FMCW radar meet the requirements of different detection distances, it is necessary to improve the transmission power of the entire system. However, this is easy to cause another problem: because of the linearity requirements of the transmitter and receiver of the FMCW radar, the signal at the transmitting end can be coupled to the receiving end to affect the normal operation of the receiving end. Therefore, the transmitting and receiving ends must be isolated to avoid the occurrence of saturation at the receiving end. This requires some physical isolation of the transmitting and receiving ends or other techniques to improve isolation.
At present, there are several types of signal isolation for transceivers: time isolation, frequency isolation, spatial isolation, polarization isolation, and cancellation techniques etc. In view of the working principle of FMCW, only three kinds of space isolation, polarization isolation and cancellation techniques are considered. The space isolation is a better isolation method when implementing high power RF FMCW systems. However, the isolation degree achieved by this method has a great correlation with a position of placing an antenna, and the isolation degree achieved cannot meet the demands of the whole system for the transmission and reception. The method of polarization isolation has high requirements on the polarization mode of the antenna, and using this isolation degree will greatly reduce the signal transmission efficiency of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end. Therefore, it is currently considered to adopt a certain cancellation technique to avoid coupling between the transmission link and the reception link when the high-power FMCW system operates.
In summary, in the design of a FMCW system with a high output power, in order to suppress the coupling between the transmission and reception, it is necessary to propose a system architecture capable of combining the working principle of the FMCW system to realize the cancellation of the signal coupled between the transmission and reception.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing coupling between transmission and reception and supporting a high output power, wherein on the basis of a FMCW system that achieves a high output power, combined with the working principle of the FMCW system, the coupling between the transmission and reception is suppressed by a cancellation technique of an attenuator + a phase shifter at a transmitting end. A FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing coupling between transmission and reception and supporting a high output power is proposed, wherein currently existing coupling is firstly analyzed in combination with the characteristics of a FMCW system with a high output power, and the coupling between the transmission and reception is mainly divided into two categories, one category being that a signal at a transmitting end is coupled through a layout, which occurs inside a chip. The other category is coupling between antennas. To solve the two categories of couplings, a cancellation circuit composed of an attenuator + a phase shifter is introduced inside the chip to realize coupling between a transmitting end and a receiving end of a FMCW radar with a high output power. Among them, because a signal received by the FMCW radar varies with the degree of attenuation of a spatial signal, the amplitude of the received signal is also unequal, and an amplitude identical to a coupled signal can be obtained by using an adjustable attenuator. At the same time, because the signals received by the FMCW travel in space for different time, the phase of the signals received by the receiving end is also different, and the phase variation of the signals of different frequencies is realized by introducing the phase shifter. Good suppression of the coupling between the transmission and reception is achieved by the combination of the adjustable attenuator and the phase shifter. A FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing transmission and reception coupling and supporting a high output power has the following several advantages: 1) Based on the semiconductor technology, it facilitates integration with a back-end circuit, and it is easy to achieve mass production, thereby reducing the cost of the development of subsequent products. 2) Using such cancellation technology can achieve good isolation between the transmission and reception, which can meet the demands of the system. 2) Based on this cancellation technology, the FMCW system with a high output power can be designed, which greatly reduces the influence of signal coupling between the transmission and reception on the overall system operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an FMCW transceiver architecture that does not include a cancellation technique; and
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an FMCW transceiver architecture that includes a cancellation technique.
Detailed description of the embodiments
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present patent application provides a FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing coupling between transmission and reception and supporting a high output power. The whole system is implemented and designed based on the semiconductor process. As shown in Fig. 1, it mainly consists of two parts: a transmission link and a reception link. Among them, the transmission link and the reception link share a voltage-controlled oscillator VCO in order to ensure the synchronization of the signal sources. The control voltage of the VCO is a triangular wave according to the working requirements of the FMCW system, and the modulation of the oscillator output signal is realized. A signal from the VCO is split into two paths by a power divider. One path LO1 provides a local oscillator signal for a mixer of the reception link, and the other path LO2 provides an input signal for a power amplifier PA of the transmitting end. An output of the PA radiates the signal as an excitation of Tx_Antenna (an antenna of the transmission link). In the reception link Rx_Antenna (an antenna of the reception link) receives a signal in space and transmits the received triangular wave signal to a low noise amplifier LNA, which amplifies the signal and outputs the signal to the mixer as a RF signal input to the mixer. The mixer multiplies LO1 and the RF signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal output and transmits it to a band pass filter BF Filter, and then the filtered intermediate frequency signal is amplified with a variable gain amplifier VGA. Finally, a desired intermediate frequency output signal IF_out is obtained. Among them, Txjeakagel represents that the transmitting end leaks the signal to the receiving end through the layout coupling, and Tx_leakage2 represents the leakage caused by the coupling between the two antennas.
In this case, in Fig. 2, an adjustable attenuator and a phase shifter are introduced at the PA output end of the transmission link and the LNA output end of the reception link, and a power combiner (a power synthesis) is added after the LNA at the receiving end and before the mixer to realize the cancellation of the signal coupled between the transmission and reception. In a specific implementation process, the amplitude of the signal in the cancellation link can be made consistent with the amplitude of the signal coupled between the transmission and reception by changing the attenuation amount of the attenuator. At the same time, by adjusting the phase shifter, the signal in the cancellation link and the signal coupled between the transmission and reception have a phase difference of 180°. This achieves the purpose of suppressing the coupling between the transmission and reception of the FMCW RF system with a high output power.

Claims (1)

1. FMCW-Transceiver-Architektur, die die Kopplung zwischen Senden und Empfangen unterdrückt und eine hohe Ausgangsleistung unterstützt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zunächst die derzeitige Kopplung in Kombination mit den Eigenschaften eines FMCW-Systems mit hoher Ausgangsleistung analysiert wird, und die Kopplung zwischen Senden und Empfangen hauptsächlich in zwei Kategorien unterteilt wird, wobei eine Kategorie darin besteht, dass ein Signal an einem Sendeende über ein Layout gekoppelt wird, das innerhalb eines Chips auftritt, und die andere Kategorie darin besteht, zwischen Antennen zu koppeln; wobei um die beiden Kategorien von Kopplungen zu lösen, eine Auslöschungsschaltung bestehend aus einem Dämpfer plus einem Phasenschieber in den Chip eingeführt wird, um eine Kopplung zwischen einem Sendeende und einem Empfangsende eines FMCW-Radars mit einer hohen Ausgangsleistung zu realisieren, wobei eine Amplitude, die mit einem gekoppelten Signal identisch ist, unter Verwendung eines einstellbaren Dämpfers erhalten werden kann und die Phasenänderung der Signale unterschiedlicher Frequenzen durch Einführen des Phasenschiebers realisiert wird.1. FMCW transceiver architecture which suppresses the coupling between transmit and receive and supports high output power, characterized in that first the current coupling is analyzed in combination with the properties of a high output FMCW system and the coupling between transmissions and receiving is mainly divided into two categories, one category being that a signal at one transmitting end is coupled across a layout that occurs within a chip and the other category is to couple between antennas; in order to solve the two categories of couplings, an extinction circuit consisting of a damper plus a phase shifter is inserted into the chip to realize a coupling between a transmitting end and a receiving end of a FMCW radar with a high output power, wherein an amplitude, the is identical to a coupled signal, can be obtained using an adjustable attenuator and the phase change of the signals of different frequencies is realized by introducing the phase shifter.
LU101286A 2018-09-29 2019-07-02 FMCW transceiver architecture suppressing transmission and reception coupling and supporting high output power LU101286B1 (en)

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CN101114840A (en) * 2007-08-30 2008-01-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method and device for enhancing transmitting-receiving isolation of mobile terminal
CN105812019B (en) * 2016-04-29 2019-08-02 湖北工业大学 Zero notch bandwidth of one kind is adaptively from leakage signal suppressing method
CN106125052B (en) * 2016-06-23 2021-07-23 复旦大学 Method and system for eliminating modulation leakage of linear frequency modulation continuous wave radar
CN107017912A (en) * 2017-04-12 2017-08-04 电子科技大学 A kind of multi-standard full duplex double superheterodyne system transceiver
CN207318707U (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-05-04 成都西蒙电子技术有限公司 A kind of calibration circuit of fmcw radar phase stabilization

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