CN113630194B - X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and channel consistency calibration method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and a channel consistency calibration method thereof, which relate to the technical field of radars and comprise the steps that the system is set into a calibration mode, and an echo signal is received by a calibration antenna; injecting the received echo signals into a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in a switch switching array network, amplifying the echo signals with low noise, and inputting the amplified echo signals into a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch to input the echo signals into a down-conversion receiving channel; the down-conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal amplitude limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, gain compensation in the full temperature range and phase consistency compensation. The invention adopts a switch assembly network to realize high channel isolation and switch among various working modes including a receiving and transmitting working mode, a calibration mode and the like. Meanwhile, the system also has the functions of sensitivity time control and manual gain control, and can realize the processing and receiving of echo signals in a large dynamic range under the condition of ensuring high isolation and multi-mode operation.

Description

An X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system and its channel consistency calibration method

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of radar, and in particular to an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system and its channel consistency calibration method.

Background technique

With the deepening of weapons research technology and the rapid development of manufacturing industry, modern equipment is becoming more and more informatized. Therefore, countries around the world attach great importance to the development of phased array radar. The most important basic unit modules in phased array radar are the T/R component and the reference source module. This module has multi-channel reception, high isolation, multiple working modes, large frequency hopping bandwidth, frequency agility, large dynamic range and high Spurious suppression capabilities, etc.; under the condition of realizing multi-channel transceiver function, ensuring that the system has high isolation and having multiple work modes to ensure the flexibility of system work is a key consideration. Therefore, how to solve the problems of complex channel consistency calibration and complete accurate calibration of the system quickly and without adding additional receiving channels is what needs to be solved at this stage.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, provide an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system and its channel consistency calibration method, and solve problems such as complex channel consistency calibration.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system, which includes a frequency source module and a high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module; the frequency source module is used to divide the reference signal into two branches , the first branch outputs a coherent reference clock signal of the first frequency, and the second branch is divided into two sub-branch again, and the first sub-branch outputs the reference clock signal of the second frequency and the third frequency, The second sub-branch outputs the frequency hopping local oscillator signal and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the high isolation transceiver frequency conversion module;

The high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module is used to amplify and filter the transmitted intermediate frequency signal through the upconversion transmit channel in the transmit channel mode, and performs the first mixing according to the received intermediate frequency local oscillator signal and the received frequency hopping. The local oscillator signal is mixed for the second time and then the signal is transmitted through the transmit mode; in the receive channel mode, the received signal is mixed twice according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signal and intermediate frequency local oscillator signal through the down-conversion receiving channel. Get the intermediate frequency signal output of the corresponding frequency.

The high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module includes an up-conversion transmit channel, a down-conversion receive channel, a switch switching matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;

The up-conversion transmission channel performs filtering, amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitted intermediate frequency signal and mixes it with the received intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the L-band, and then filters and amplifies it and mixes it with the received frequency hopping signal to the X-band and then inputs it to The switch matrix network transmits;

The switch switching matrix network is used to divide the transmission signal into four channels of in-phase signal output through a two-stage Wilkins power divider, and then select the transmission channel mode through the two-stage switch to output the four-channel transmission signal; and according to the two-stage The switch selects the receiving channel mode to input the receiving signal to the down-conversion receiving channel;

The down-conversion receiving channel performs amplitude limiting processing, sensitivity time control, and low-noise RF amplification on the received signal. It filters out image frequency signals and interference signals through a preselected filter and then mixes them with the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal for the first time to obtain L The band intermediate frequency signal is then gain-controlled and mixed with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal for a second time to output an intermediate frequency signal of the corresponding frequency;

The first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal into the upconversion frequency transmission channel through the first local oscillator switch, and the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillator signal through the second local oscillator switch. In the up-conversion transmit channel, the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected to the down-conversion receive channel.

The upconversion transmission channel includes a transmitting intermediate frequency filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a transmitting temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmitting amplifier, a second mixer, and a broadband filter, which are connected in sequence. amplifier, transmit switch and drive amplifier; the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal is input to the first power divider, and one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the first mixer through the first local oscillator switch. For frequency mixing, the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillator switch.

The switching matrix network includes a first Wilkinson power divider, a second Wilkinson power divider and a third Wilkinson power divider; the output end of the upconversion transmit channel is connected to the first Wilkinson power divider. The first Wilkinson power divider is connected to the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and is divided into four in-phase transmit signal outputs through the two-stage Wilkinson power divider. ; The second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider divide the transmit signal into four signal channels. Each signal channel selects the transceiver channel mode as the transmit channel mode or the receive channel mode through a two-level switch.

Each signal channel includes a first SPDT switch, a second SPDT switch, a third SPDT switch and a fourth SPDT switch; an output end of the first SPDT switch is connected to two amplifiers in sequence and a single-pole single-throw switch and then connected to a third single-pole double-throw switch. The other output end is connected to a numerically controlled attenuator and then connected to a fourth single-pole double-throw switch. The third single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the transceiver channel, and one output end passes The low noise amplifier is connected to the second single pole double throw switch; the fourth single pole double throw switch is connected to the calibration channel, and one output end is connected to the second single pole double throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single pole double throw switch is connected to the receiving channel Connected to the down-conversion receiving channel; when in the transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the in-phase transmit signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal through the third single-pole double-throw switch; When in the receiving channel mode, the third single-pole double-throw switch receives the signal and sends it to the second single-pole double-throw switch and sends the received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.

The down-conversion receiving channel includes multiple receiving links, and each receiving link includes a limiter, STC, low-noise amplifier, band-pass filter, third mixer, MGC, intermediate frequency mixer, Temperature compensation attenuator, intermediate frequency amplifier, phase modulator and intermediate frequency filter; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillator signal into multiple channels of frequency hopping local oscillator signals, and each channel of frequency hopping local oscillator signal is input to each channel The third mixer in the receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal into multiple intermediate frequency local oscillator signals, and each intermediate frequency local oscillator signal is input to the intermediate frequency mixer of each receiving link. .

The first branch outputs a 100MHz coherent reference clock signal; the first sub-branch in the second branch outputs 800MHz and 1000MHz reference clock signals, and the second sub-branch outputs 11GHz~12GHz Frequency hopping local oscillator signal and 2120MHz intermediate frequency local oscillator signal.

A channel consistency calibration method for an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system. The channel consistency calibration method includes:

Set the working mode from transceiver channel mode to calibration mode through software commands;

The radio frequency signal output by the calibration port is radiated to the free space through the array antenna. When the radiation signal detects the target, an echo signal is generated, and the calibration antenna receives the echo signal;

Inject the received echo signal into the first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in the switch switching array network through the transceiver channel port, and then perform low-noise amplification to amplify the weak microwave information and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and then input it to The second-stage single-pole double-throw switch inputs the signal to the down-conversion receiving channel;

The down-conversion receiving channel performs signal limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, full temperature range gain compensation and phase consistency compensation and then outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal to complete the calibration of the channel.

The frequency conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, frequency mixing, full temperature range gain compensation and phase consistency compensation. The calibration of the channel includes:

After the signal enters the down-conversion receiving channel, the amplitude limiter is used to limit the large signal leaked from the up-conversion transmitting channel to ensure that the downstream devices are not burned and saturated;

After limiting, the signal dynamics is adjusted through the STC circuit, and then the spurious signals are suppressed through a low-noise amplifier and a band-pass filter to ensure the spectral purity of the input signal before entering the mixer for mixing;

After mixing and outputting the 2000MHz IF signal, the 120MHz IF signal is output through the MGC and the IF mixer in sequence, and the 120MHz IF signal is passed through a temperature compensation attenuator to perform gain compensation on the entire link in the full temperature range;

The signal is amplified by the intermediate frequency amplifier and then passed through the phase modulator to supplement the phase consistency of each channel signal. Then the output signal passes through the intermediate frequency filter to suppress intermediate frequency spurs and harmonics and output an intermediate frequency calibration signal.

The invention has the following advantages: an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system and its channel consistency calibration method. The module is controlled through a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Multiple filters are set inside the module to eliminate spurious and Harmonics are effectively suppressed. The module has a constant-temperature crystal oscillator inside, and a reference clock can also be input externally to generate a reference signal. The direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) realizes fine-step frequency hopping signal output, and the frequency hopping time is within 1us. The switch component network is used to achieve high channel isolation and multiple working mode switching including transceiver working mode, calibration mode, etc. At the same time, the equipment also has sensitivity time control (STC) and manual gain control (MGC) functions, which can also achieve large dynamic range echo signal processing and reception while ensuring high isolation and multi-mode working conditions.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the frequency source module of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the high isolation transceiver frequency conversion module of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the switch matrix network of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only These are part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in connection with the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application as claimed, but rather to merely represent selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The invention is used to meet the needs of phased array radar. The module is controlled through a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and multiple filters are set up inside the module to effectively suppress spurious and harmonics. The module has a constant-temperature crystal oscillator inside, and a reference clock can also be input externally to generate a reference signal. The direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) realizes fine-step frequency hopping signal output, and the frequency hopping time is within 1us. The switch component network is used to achieve high channel isolation and multiple working mode switching including transceiver working mode, calibration mode, etc. At the same time, the equipment also has sensitivity time control (STC) and manual gain control (MGC) functions, which can also achieve large dynamic range echo signal processing and reception while ensuring high isolation and multi-mode working conditions.

Specifically, it includes a frequency source module, a high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module and a signal processing module (FPGA control distribution); the frequency source module is used to divide the reference signal into two branches through a power divider, and the first branch outputs the first frequency The coherent reference clock signal, the second branch is divided into two sub-branch again, the first sub-branch outputs the reference clock signal of the second frequency and the third frequency, and the second sub-branch outputs the frequency hopping frequency The oscillation signal and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal are sent to the high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module.

Further, as shown in Figure 1, the first branch passes through the filter, amplifier, filter and power divider in sequence and outputs a 100MHz clock signal as the reference clock of the signal processing module; the second branch passes through the comb in sequence Spectrum generator, amplifier and power divider, the power divider is divided into two sub-branch; the first sub-branch passes through the filter, amplifier and power divider in sequence, one end of the power divider outputs an 800MHz reference clock signal, the other end is connected to a frequency divider, filter and amplifier in order to output a 1000MHz reference clock signal; the second sub-branch outputs a 11GHz~12GHz frequency hopping local oscillator signal and a 2120MHz intermediate frequency local oscillator signal through a power divider ; By introducing a comb spectrum generator to ensure that the output signal has low spurious and high phase noise performance, the signal generated by the comb spectrum generator selects the target signal through a band-pass filter, effectively suppresses the unnecessary signal, and outputs it as a variable frequency local oscillator signal. , its frequency range is 11~12GHz, in steps of 20MHz.

The high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module is used to amplify and filter the transmitted intermediate frequency signal through the up-conversion transmit channel in the transmit channel mode, and performs the first mixing according to the received intermediate frequency local oscillator signal and the received frequency hopping local oscillator. After the signal is mixed for the second time, the signal is transmitted through the transmit mode; in the receiving channel mode, the received signal is mixed twice through the down-conversion receiving channel according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signal and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to obtain the corresponding Frequency IF signal output.

As shown in Figure 2, the high-isolation transceiver frequency conversion module includes an up-conversion transmit channel, a down-conversion receive channel, a switch matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;

The up-conversion transmission channel performs filtering, amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitted intermediate frequency signal and mixes it with the received intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the L-band, and then filters and amplifies it and mixes it with the received frequency hopping signal to the X-band and then inputs it to The switch matrix network transmits;

The switch switching matrix network is used to divide the transmission signal into four channels of in-phase signal output through a two-stage Wilkins power divider, and then select the transmission channel mode through the two-stage switch to output the four-channel transmission signal; and according to the two-stage The switch selects the receiving channel mode to input the receiving signal to the down-conversion receiving channel;

The down-conversion receiving channel performs amplitude limiting processing, sensitivity time control, and low-noise RF amplification on the received signal. It filters out image frequency signals and interference signals through a preselected filter and then mixes them with the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal for the first time to obtain L The band intermediate frequency signal is then gain-controlled and mixed with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal for a second time to output an intermediate frequency signal of the corresponding frequency;

The first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal into the upconversion frequency transmission channel through the first local oscillator switch, and the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillator signal through the second local oscillator switch. In the up-conversion transmit channel, the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected to the down-conversion receive channel.

The upconversion transmit channel includes a transmit intermediate frequency filter, a first transmit amplifier, a transmit temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmit amplifier, a second mixer, and a broadband filter, which are connected in sequence. Amplifier, transmit switch and drive amplifier; the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal is input to the first power divider, and one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the first mixer through the first local oscillator switch. For frequency mixing, the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency-hopping local oscillator signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillator switch.

Furthermore, the main function of the upconversion transmission channel is to complete frequency conversion, amplification, filtering and switching of working modes of radio frequency signals. By adopting a multiple frequency conversion scheme, the intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal generated by the digital DDS is filtered and amplified, and then mixed with the intermediate frequency local oscillator provided by the frequency source module to the L-band, and then undergoes secondary superheterodyne mixing and hopping. The frequency local oscillator signal is mixed to the X-band output. Two local oscillators are added with local oscillator switches to ensure high isolation requirements. The isolation of the transceiver channel of the present invention is better than 105dBc. In the receiving state, the local oscillator switch is turned off to ensure that the local oscillator signal leakage is as small as possible. In the channel A temperature compensation attenuator is also added to compensate for power fluctuations caused by temperature changes.

As shown in Figure 3, the switching matrix network includes a first Wilkinson power divider, a second Wilkinson power divider and a third Wilkinson power divider; the output end of the upconversion transmit channel is connected to the The first Wilkinson power divider is connected to the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and is divided into four channels through the two-stage Wilkinson power divider. Phase transmit signal output; the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider divide the transmit signal into four signal channels. Each signal channel selects the transceiver channel mode as the transmit channel mode or the receive channel through a two-level switch. model.

Each signal channel includes a first SPDT switch, a second SPDT switch, a third SPDT switch and a fourth SPDT switch; an output end of the first SPDT switch is connected to two amplifiers in sequence and a single-pole single-throw switch and then connected to a third single-pole double-throw switch. The other output end is connected to a numerically controlled attenuator and then connected to a fourth single-pole double-throw switch. The third single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the transceiver channel, and one output end passes The low noise amplifier is connected to the second single pole double throw switch; the fourth single pole double throw switch is connected to the calibration channel, and one output end is connected to the second single pole double throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single pole double throw switch is connected to the receiving channel Connected to the down-conversion receiving channel; when in the transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the in-phase transmit signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal through the third single-pole double-throw switch; When in the receiving channel mode, the third single-pole double-throw switch receives the signal and sends it to the second single-pole double-throw switch and sends the received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.

Further, the first SPDT switch, the second SPDT switch, the third SPDT switch and the fourth SPDT switch in the first signal channel correspond to SPDT switch 1, SPDT in Figure 3 respectively. Double throw switch 2, SPDT switch 3 and SPDT switch 4; first SPDT switch, second SPDT switch, third SPDT switch and fourth SPDT switch in the second signal path The switches respectively correspond to SPDT switch 5, SPDT switch 6, SPDT switch 7 and SPDT switch 8 in Figure 3; the first SPDT switch and the second SPDT switch in the third signal channel The switch, the third SPDT switch and the fourth SPDT switch respectively correspond to the SPDT switch 9, SPDT switch 10, SPDT switch 11 and SPDT switch 12 in Figure 3; the fourth signal channel The first SPDT switch, the second SPDT switch, the third SPDT switch and the fourth SPDT switch respectively correspond to the SPDT switch 13, SPDT switch 14 and SPDT in Figure 3. Switch 15 and single pole double throw switch 16;

The transmit signal is divided into four in-phase signal outputs through a two-stage Wilkinson power divider, and then the transceiver channel mode is selected through a two-stage switch, and finally four signals are output. Each transmitter uses a two-stage amplifier combined with a single-pole single-throw switch. This can ensure high isolation requirements between channels. Four receiving signals enter the switch matrix network through the transceiver channel, and then switch to the receiving mode under the transceiver working mode through the two-stage transceiver switch. First, after the signal passes through the first-stage single-pole double-throw switch, it enters the low-noise amplifier to ensure the overall noise coefficient of the system. not too high, and then through the second stage single-pole double-throw switch, and finally receive the front-end signal from the receive channel output switch matrix. In the calibration mode, the signal is received and transmitted through the calibration port. When the transmission signal is output, the output power is adjusted through the numerically controlled attenuator for output. When the signal is received, the small signal is amplified through the calibration amplifier, and then output to the single-pole double-throw switch signal. , and finally the signal is output through the receiving channel port.

As shown in Figure 2, the downconversion receiving channel includes 4 receiving links. Each receiving link includes a limiter, STC, low-noise amplifier, band-pass filter, third mixer, MGC, and intermediate frequency connected in sequence. Mixer, temperature compensation attenuator, intermediate frequency amplifier, phase modulator and intermediate frequency filter; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillator signal into 4 frequency hopping local oscillator signals, each frequency hopping local oscillator signal Input to the third mixer in each receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal into 4 intermediate frequency local oscillator signals, and each intermediate frequency local oscillator signal is input to each receiving link IF mixer.

The down-conversion receiving channel first performs limiting and STC processing on the received signal, and then performs low-noise RF amplification. After RF amplification, a pre-selected filter is set to filter out image signals and interference signals. The filtered signal is The corresponding frequency-hopping local oscillator signal is mixed once, and the L-band intermediate frequency signal obtained by mixing is filtered and then enters the amplitude amplification adjustment circuit MGC. The amplitude amplification adjustment circuit completes the expansion of the channel dynamic range and ensures that the dynamic range is better than 90dBc. Finally, the L-band intermediate frequency signal is down-converted again to a 120MHz intermediate frequency signal for output. The filtered and power-adjusted intermediate frequency signal is output to the signal processing module, and then undergoes A/D sampling processing. Among them, the receiving channel has strict requirements on phase consistency between channels. In order to meet this requirement, the link specially designed a corresponding phase modulator to compensate for the phase of each channel. Different from digital phase shifters, it has flexible phase modulation and circuit Simple, low-cost, and highly practical, the system phase consistency is better than 5°. In addition, in order to compensate for signal fluctuations in different operating temperature environments, the link is designed with a special receiving temperature compensator to meet the equipment temperature stability requirements.

The working process of channel consistency calibration in the present invention is as follows: when performing calibration, the equipment working mode is set from the transmitting and receiving working mode to the calibration mode through a software command. After switching to the calibration mode, the radio frequency signal is output from the calibration port, and then the radio frequency signal is radiated to the free space through the array antenna unit. When the radiation signal detects the target, an echo signal is generated, and the echo signal is received back through the calibration receiving antenna, and then through At the transceiver channel port, the echo signal is injected into the single-pole double-throw switch of the transceiver channel, and then the signal is switched to the receiving link through the switch matrix. After the signal passes through the low-noise amplifier, the weak echo signal is further amplified and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and then The signal is injected into the receiving channel through the second-stage single-pole double-throw switch. After the signal enters the receiving channel, the large signal leaked from the transmitter is limited through a limiter to ensure that the downstream devices are not burned out and saturated, and then the amplitude is limited. After the signal passes through the STC circuit to dynamically adjust the signal, it then passes through a low-noise amplifier and a band-pass filter to suppress spurious signals to ensure the spectral purity of the input signal. The signal then enters the first mixer and the mixed output After the first IF signal is 2000MHz, it passes through the MGC and the IF mixer in sequence to output a 120MHz IF signal. Then the IF signal passes through the temperature compensation attenuator to perform gain compensation on the entire link in the full temperature range. The output signal passes through the IF amplifier to adjust the signal. Amplify, and then the signal passes through a phase modulator to compensate for the phase consistency of each channel signal. Then, after the output signal passes through the intermediate frequency filter, after completing the suppression of intermediate frequency spurs and harmonics, an intermediate frequency calibration signal is output. This completes the channel calibration.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and Modifications can be made within the scope of the ideas described herein through the above teachings or technology or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system, characterized in that: the device comprises a frequency source module and a high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module; the frequency source module is used for dividing the reference signal into two branches, the first branch outputs a coherent reference clock signal with a first frequency, the second branch is divided into two sub-branches, the first sub-branch outputs reference clock signals with a second frequency and a third frequency, and the second sub-branch outputs a frequency hopping local oscillator signal and an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module;

the high-isolation receiving-transmitting frequency conversion module is used for completing amplification and filtering of a transmitting intermediate frequency signal through an up-conversion transmitting channel in a transmitting channel mode, performing first frequency mixing according to a received intermediate frequency local oscillation signal and performing second frequency mixing according to a received frequency hopping local oscillation signal, and transmitting the signal through the transmitting mode; in the receiving channel mode, the receiving signals are mixed for two times through the down-conversion receiving channel in sequence according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signals and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signals to obtain intermediate frequency signal output with corresponding frequency;

the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module comprises an up-conversion transmitting channel, a down-conversion receiving channel, a switch switching matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;

the up-conversion transmitting channel carries out filtering amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitting intermediate frequency signals, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received intermediate frequency local oscillation signals to an L wave band, then carries out filtering amplification, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received frequency hopping local oscillation signals to an X wave band, and inputs the transmitting intermediate frequency signals into the switch switching matrix network for transmitting;

the switch switching matrix network is used for dividing a transmitting signal into four paths of same-phase signals to be output through a two-stage Wilkinson power divider, and then selecting a transmitting channel mode to output four paths of transmitting signals through a two-stage switch; and inputting a received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel according to a two-stage switch selection as a receiving channel mode;

the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting treatment, sensitivity time control and low-noise radio frequency amplification on the received signal, filters an image frequency signal and an interference signal through a preselection filter, carries out first frequency mixing with a frequency hopping local oscillator signal to obtain an L-band intermediate frequency signal, carries out gain control, and carries out second frequency mixing with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to output an intermediate frequency signal with corresponding frequency;

the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a first local oscillation switch, the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a second local oscillation switch, and the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected with a down-conversion receiving channel;

the switch switching matrix network comprises a first wilkinson power divider, a second wilkinson power divider and a third wilkinson power divider; the output end of the up-conversion transmitting channel is connected with the first Wilkinson power divider, the first Wilkinson power divider is connected with the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and the two-stage Wilkinson power divider is used for dividing the up-conversion transmitting channel into four paths of same-phase transmitting signals to output; the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider divide the transmitting signal into four signal channels, and each signal channel selects a receiving channel mode or a transmitting channel mode through a two-stage switch;

each signal channel comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a third single-pole double-throw switch and a fourth single-pole double-throw switch; one output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is sequentially connected with two amplifiers and one single-pole single-throw switch and then is connected with the third single-pole double-throw switch, and the other output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the numerical control attenuator and then is connected with the fourth single-pole double-throw switch; the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the receiving and transmitting channel, and one output end is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through a low noise amplifier; the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the calibration channel, and one output end of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the down-conversion receiving channel through a receiving channel; when the signal is in a transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the same-phase transmitting signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal by the third single-pole double-throw switch; when in the receiving channel mode, the third single pole double throw switch receives the signal and sends the signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.

2. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the up-conversion transmitting channel comprises a transmitting intermediate frequency filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a transmitting temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmitting amplifier, a second mixer, a broadband filter, an amplifier, a transmitting switch and a driving amplifier which are sequentially connected; the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal is input to the first power divider, one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal to the first mixer for mixing through the first local oscillation switch, the frequency hopping local oscillation signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillation switch.

3. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the down-conversion receiving channel comprises a plurality of paths of receiving links, and each path of receiving link comprises a limiter, a sensitivity time control, a low-noise amplifier, a band-pass filter, a third mixer, a manual gain control, an intermediate frequency mixer, a temperature compensation attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase modulator and an intermediate frequency filter which are connected in sequence; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillation signals into multiple paths of frequency hopping local oscillation signals, and each path of frequency hopping local oscillation signals are input to a third mixer in each path of receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillation signals into multiple paths of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals, and each path of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals are input to an intermediate frequency mixer of each path of receiving link.

4. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the first branch circuit outputs a coherent reference clock signal of 100 MHz; the first sub-branch of the second sub-branch outputs 800MHz and 1000MHz reference clock signals, and the second sub-branch outputs 11 GHz-12 GHz frequency hopping local oscillation signals and 2120MHz intermediate frequency local oscillation signals.

5. The method for calibrating channel consistency of an X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the channel consistency calibration method comprises the following steps:

setting the working mode from a transceiving channel mode to a calibration mode through a software command;

the calibration port outputs radio frequency signals to radiate into free space through the array antenna, echo signals are generated after the radiated signals detect targets, and the calibration antenna receives the echo signals;

the received echo signals are injected into a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in a switch switching array network through a receiving and transmitting channel port, then low-noise amplification is carried out, weak microwave information is amplified and signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the signals are input into a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch to be input into a down-conversion receiving channel;

and outputting an intermediate frequency calibration signal after the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting processing, dynamic signal adjustment, spurious signal suppression, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation on the signals, and completing the calibration of the channel.

6. The method for calibrating channel consistency of an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the frequency conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal amplitude limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, mixing, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation, and the calibration of the channel is completed comprises the following steps:

after the signals enter the down-conversion receiving channel, the amplitude limiter is used for carrying out amplitude limiting treatment on the large signals leaked by the up-conversion transmitting channel so as to ensure that the devices at the later stage are not burnt and saturated;

after limiting amplitude, dynamically adjusting the signals by a sensitivity time control circuit, and then inhibiting the spurious signals by a low noise amplifier and a band-pass filter so as to ensure the spectral purity of the input signals and then entering a mixer for mixing;

after 2000MHz intermediate frequency signals are output by mixing, 120MHz intermediate frequency signals are output by manual gain control and an intermediate frequency mixer in sequence, and then the 120MHz intermediate frequency signals are subjected to gain compensation in the whole temperature range by a temperature compensation attenuator;

and amplifying the signals by an intermediate frequency amplifier, supplementing the phase consistency of each channel signal by a phase modulator, and then completing the intermediate frequency spurious and harmonic suppression of the output signals by an intermediate frequency filter to output an intermediate frequency calibration signal.