CN113630194B - X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and channel consistency calibration method thereof - Google Patents
X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and channel consistency calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113630194B CN113630194B CN202111112479.4A CN202111112479A CN113630194B CN 113630194 B CN113630194 B CN 113630194B CN 202111112479 A CN202111112479 A CN 202111112479A CN 113630194 B CN113630194 B CN 113630194B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and a channel consistency calibration method thereof, which relate to the technical field of radars and comprise the steps that the system is set into a calibration mode, and an echo signal is received by a calibration antenna; injecting the received echo signals into a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in a switch switching array network, amplifying the echo signals with low noise, and inputting the amplified echo signals into a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch to input the echo signals into a down-conversion receiving channel; the down-conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal amplitude limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, gain compensation in the full temperature range and phase consistency compensation. The invention adopts a switch assembly network to realize high channel isolation and switch among various working modes including a receiving and transmitting working mode, a calibration mode and the like. Meanwhile, the system also has the functions of sensitivity time control and manual gain control, and can realize the processing and receiving of echo signals in a large dynamic range under the condition of ensuring high isolation and multi-mode operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radars, in particular to an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system and a channel consistency calibration method thereof.
Background
With the deep weapon research technology and the rapid development of manufacturing industry, the information degree of modern equipment is higher and higher, so the development of phased array radars is very important in all countries of the world. The most important basic unit modules in the phased array radar are a T/R assembly and a reference source module, and the module has multichannel receiving, high isolation, multiple working modes, large frequency hopping bandwidth, frequency agility, large dynamic range, high spurious suppression capability and the like; under the condition of realizing the multichannel receiving and transmitting function, the system is ensured to have high isolation, and meanwhile, the system has multiple kinds of modes, so that the flexibility of the system operation is ensured, and important consideration is needed. Therefore, how to solve the problems of complex channel consistency calibration and the like, so as to finish accurate calibration of the system under the conditions of rapidness and no need of adding additional receiving channels, and the method is needed to be solved at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides an X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and a channel consistency calibration method thereof, and solves the problems of complex channel consistency calibration and the like.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: an X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system comprises a frequency source module and a high-isolation receiving and transmitting frequency conversion module; the frequency source module is used for dividing the reference signal into two branches, the first branch outputs a coherent reference clock signal with a first frequency, the second branch is divided into two sub-branches, the first sub-branch outputs reference clock signals with a second frequency and a third frequency, and the second sub-branch outputs a frequency hopping local oscillator signal and an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module;
the high-isolation receiving-transmitting frequency conversion module is used for completing amplification and filtering of a transmitting intermediate frequency signal through an up-conversion transmitting channel in a transmitting channel mode, performing first frequency mixing according to a received intermediate frequency local oscillation signal and performing second frequency mixing according to a received frequency hopping local oscillation signal, and transmitting the signal through the transmitting mode; and in the receiving channel mode, the receiving signals are mixed for two times through the down-conversion receiving channel in sequence according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signals and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signals, so that intermediate frequency signal output with corresponding frequency is obtained.
The high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module comprises an up-conversion transmitting channel, a down-conversion receiving channel, a switch switching matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;
the up-conversion transmitting channel carries out filtering amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitting intermediate frequency signals, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received intermediate frequency local oscillation signals to an L wave band, then carries out filtering amplification, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received frequency hopping signals to an X wave band, and inputs the transmitting intermediate frequency signals into the switch switching matrix network for transmitting;
the switch switching matrix network is used for dividing a transmitting signal into four paths of same-phase signals to be output through a two-stage Wilkinson power divider, and then selecting a transmitting channel mode to output four paths of transmitting signals through a two-stage switch; and inputting a received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel according to a two-stage switch selection as a receiving channel mode;
the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting treatment, sensitivity time control and low-noise radio frequency amplification on the received signal, filters an image frequency signal and an interference signal through a preselection filter, carries out first frequency mixing with a frequency hopping local oscillator signal to obtain an L-band intermediate frequency signal, carries out gain control, and carries out second frequency mixing with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to output an intermediate frequency signal with corresponding frequency;
the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a first local oscillation switch, the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a second local oscillation switch, and the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected with the down-conversion receiving channel.
The up-conversion transmitting channel comprises a transmitting intermediate frequency filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a transmitting temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmitting amplifier, a second mixer, a broadband filter, an amplifier, a transmitting switch and a driving amplifier which are sequentially connected; the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal is input to the first power divider, one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal to the first mixer for mixing through the first local oscillation switch, the frequency hopping local oscillation signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillation switch.
The switch switching matrix network comprises a first wilkinson power divider, a second wilkinson power divider and a third wilkinson power divider; the output end of the up-conversion transmitting channel is connected with the first Wilkinson power divider, the first Wilkinson power divider is connected with the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and the two-stage Wilkinson power divider is used for dividing the up-conversion transmitting channel into four paths of same-phase transmitting signals to output; the second wilkinson power divider and the third wilkinson power divider divide the transmitting signal into four signal channels, and each signal channel selects a receiving channel mode or a transmitting channel mode through a two-stage switch.
Each signal channel comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a third single-pole double-throw switch and a fourth single-pole double-throw switch; one output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is sequentially connected with two amplifiers and one single-pole single-throw switch and then is connected with the third single-pole double-throw switch, and the other output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the numerical control attenuator and then is connected with the fourth single-pole double-throw switch; the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the receiving and transmitting channel, and one output end is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through a low noise amplifier; the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the calibration channel, and one output end of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the down-conversion receiving channel through a receiving channel; when the signal is in a transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the same-phase transmitting signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal by the third single-pole double-throw switch; when in the receiving channel mode, the third single pole double throw switch receives the signal and sends the signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.
The down-conversion receiving channel comprises a plurality of paths of receiving links, and each path of receiving link comprises a limiter, an STC, a low noise amplifier, a band-pass filter, a third mixer, an MGC, an intermediate frequency mixer, a temperature compensation attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase modulator and an intermediate frequency filter which are connected in sequence; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillation signals into multiple paths of frequency hopping local oscillation signals, and each path of frequency hopping local oscillation signals are input to a third mixer in each path of receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillation signals into multiple paths of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals, and each path of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals are input to an intermediate frequency mixer of each path of receiving link.
The first branch circuit outputs a coherent reference clock signal of 100 MHz; the first sub-branch of the second branch outputs 800MHz and 1000MHz reference clock signals, and the second sub-branch outputs 11 GHz-12 GHz frequency hopping local oscillation signals and 2120MHz intermediate frequency local oscillation signals.
A channel consistency calibration method for an X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system, the channel consistency calibration method comprising:
setting the working mode from a transceiving channel mode to a calibration mode through a software command;
the calibration port outputs radio frequency signals to radiate into free space through the array antenna, echo signals are generated after the radiated signals detect targets, and the calibration antenna receives the echo signals;
the received echo signals are injected into a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in a switch switching array network through a receiving and transmitting channel port, then low-noise amplification is carried out, weak microwave information is amplified and signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the signals are input into a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch to be input into a down-conversion receiving channel;
and outputting an intermediate frequency calibration signal after the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting processing, dynamic signal adjustment, spurious signal suppression, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation on the signals, and completing the calibration of the channel.
The frequency conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal amplitude limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, mixing, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation, and the calibration of the channel is completed comprises the following steps:
after the signals enter the down-conversion receiving channel, the amplitude limiter is used for carrying out amplitude limiting treatment on the large signals leaked by the up-conversion transmitting channel so as to ensure that the devices at the later stage are not burnt and saturated;
after limiting amplitude, the signal is dynamically adjusted through an STC circuit, spurious signals are restrained through a low noise amplifier and a band-pass filter, so that the frequency spectrum purity of an input signal is ensured, and the input signal enters a mixer for mixing;
after mixing to output 2000MHz intermediate frequency signal, sequentially passing through MGC and intermediate frequency mixer to output 120MHz intermediate frequency signal, and compensating gain of the whole link in full temperature range by 120MHz intermediate frequency signal through temperature compensation attenuator;
and amplifying the signals by an intermediate frequency amplifier, supplementing the phase consistency of each channel signal by a phase modulator, and then completing the intermediate frequency spurious and harmonic suppression of the output signals by an intermediate frequency filter to output an intermediate frequency calibration signal.
The invention has the following advantages: an X-band high-isolation radio frequency receiving and transmitting system and a channel consistency calibration method thereof control the module through a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and a plurality of filters are arranged in the module to effectively inhibit stray and harmonic waves. The module is internally provided with a constant-temperature crystal oscillator, reference clock can be externally input to generate reference signals, fine stepping frequency hopping signal output is realized through a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS), and the frequency hopping time is within 1 us. The switching component network is adopted to realize high channel isolation and switching of various working modes including a receiving and transmitting working mode, a calibration mode and the like. Meanwhile, the device also has the functions of Sensitivity Time Control (STC) and Manual Gain Control (MGC), and can realize the processing and receiving of echo signals in a large dynamic range under the condition of ensuring high isolation and multi-mode operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a frequency source module according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high isolation transceiver frequency conversion module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switch matrix network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention is used for meeting the requirements of phased array radars. The module is controlled by a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and a plurality of filters are arranged in the module to effectively inhibit stray and harmonic waves. The module is internally provided with a constant-temperature crystal oscillator, reference clock can be externally input to generate reference signals, fine stepping frequency hopping signal output is realized through a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS), and the frequency hopping time is within 1 us. The switching component network is adopted to realize high channel isolation and switching of various working modes including a receiving and transmitting working mode, a calibration mode and the like. Meanwhile, the device also has the functions of Sensitivity Time Control (STC) and Manual Gain Control (MGC), and can realize the processing and receiving of echo signals in a large dynamic range under the condition of ensuring high isolation and multi-mode operation.
The device specifically comprises a frequency source module, a high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module and a signal processing module (FPGA control distribution); the frequency source module is used for dividing the reference signal into two branches through the power divider, the first branch outputs a coherent reference clock signal with a first frequency, the second branch is divided into two sub-branches, the first sub-branch outputs reference clock signals with a second frequency and a third frequency, and the second sub-branch outputs a frequency hopping local oscillator signal and an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first branch sequentially passes through a filter, an amplifier, a filter and a power divider and then outputs a clock signal of 100MHz as a reference clock of the signal processing module; the second branch sequentially passes through a comb spectrum generator, an amplifier and a power divider, and the power divider is divided into two sub-branches; the first sub-branch sequentially passes through a filter, an amplifier and a power divider, wherein one end of the power divider outputs a reference clock signal of 800MHz, and the other end of the power divider is sequentially connected with the frequency divider, the filter and the amplifier to output a reference clock signal of 1000 MHz; the second sub-branch outputs a frequency hopping local oscillation signal of 11 GHz-12 GHz and an intermediate frequency local oscillation signal of 2120MHz through a power divider; the comb spectrum generator is introduced to ensure that the output signal has low stray high phase noise performance, the signal generated by the comb spectrum generator selects a target signal through the band-pass filter, the target signal is not required to be effectively inhibited, the target signal is output as a variable-frequency local oscillation signal, the frequency range is 11-12 GHz, and the step is 20MHz.
The high-isolation receiving and transmitting frequency conversion module is used for amplifying and filtering the transmitting intermediate frequency signals through an up-conversion transmitting channel in a transmitting channel mode, carrying out first frequency mixing according to the received intermediate frequency local oscillation signals and transmitting the signals through the transmitting mode after carrying out second frequency mixing according to the received frequency hopping local oscillation signals; and in the receiving channel mode, the receiving signals are mixed for two times through the down-conversion receiving channel in sequence according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signals and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signals, so that intermediate frequency signal output with corresponding frequency is obtained.
The high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module shown in fig. 2 comprises an up-conversion transmitting channel, a down-conversion receiving channel, a switch switching matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;
the up-conversion transmitting channel carries out filtering amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitting intermediate frequency signals, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received intermediate frequency local oscillation signals to an L wave band, then carries out filtering amplification, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received frequency hopping signals to an X wave band, and inputs the transmitting intermediate frequency signals into the switch switching matrix network for transmitting;
the switch switching matrix network is used for dividing a transmitting signal into four paths of same-phase signals to be output through a two-stage Wilkinson power divider, and then selecting a transmitting channel mode to output four paths of transmitting signals through a two-stage switch; and inputting a received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel according to a two-stage switch selection as a receiving channel mode;
the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting treatment, sensitivity time control and low-noise radio frequency amplification on the received signal, filters an image frequency signal and an interference signal through a preselection filter, carries out first frequency mixing with a frequency hopping local oscillator signal to obtain an L-band intermediate frequency signal, carries out gain control, and carries out second frequency mixing with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to output an intermediate frequency signal with corresponding frequency;
the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a first local oscillation switch, the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a second local oscillation switch, and the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected with the down-conversion receiving channel.
The up-conversion transmitting channel comprises a transmitting intermediate frequency filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a transmitting temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmitting amplifier, a second mixer, a broadband filter, an amplifier, a transmitting switch and a driving amplifier which are sequentially connected; the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal is input to the first power divider, one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal to the first mixer for mixing through the first local oscillation switch, the frequency hopping local oscillation signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillation switch.
Further, the up-conversion transmitting channel mainly has the functions of completing the frequency conversion, amplification and filtering of the radio frequency signals and the switching of the working modes. By adopting a multiple frequency conversion scheme, intermediate frequency linear modulation (LFM) signals generated by the digital DDS are filtered and amplified and then mixed with an intermediate frequency local oscillator provided by a frequency source module to an L band, and then mixed with a frequency hopping local oscillator signal to an X band for output through secondary superheterodyne mixing. The invention has the advantages that the isolation of the receiving and transmitting channel is better than 105dBc, and when in a receiving state, the local oscillation switch is disconnected, so that the local oscillation signal leakage is ensured to be as small as possible, and a temperature compensation attenuator is simultaneously added in the channel to compensate the power fluctuation caused by temperature change.
As shown in fig. 3, the switch-and-switch matrix network includes a first wilkinson power divider, a second wilkinson power divider, and a third wilkinson power divider; the output end of the up-conversion transmitting channel is connected with the first Wilkinson power divider, the first Wilkinson power divider is connected with the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and the two-stage Wilkinson power divider is used for dividing the up-conversion transmitting channel into four paths of same-phase transmitting signals to output; the second wilkinson power divider and the third wilkinson power divider divide the transmitting signal into four signal channels, and each signal channel selects a receiving channel mode or a transmitting channel mode through a two-stage switch.
Each signal channel comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a third single-pole double-throw switch and a fourth single-pole double-throw switch; one output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is sequentially connected with two amplifiers and one single-pole single-throw switch and then is connected with the third single-pole double-throw switch, and the other output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the numerical control attenuator and then is connected with the fourth single-pole double-throw switch; the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the receiving and transmitting channel, and one output end is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through a low noise amplifier; the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the calibration channel, and one output end of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the down-conversion receiving channel through a receiving channel; when the signal is in a transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the same-phase transmitting signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal by the third single-pole double-throw switch; when in the receiving channel mode, the third single pole double throw switch receives the signal and sends the signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.
Further, the first single-pole double-throw switch, the second single-pole double-throw switch, the third single-pole double-throw switch and the fourth single-pole double-throw switch in the first signal channel respectively correspond to the single-pole double-throw switch 1, the single-pole double-throw switch 2, the single-pole double-throw switch 3 and the single-pole double-throw switch 4 in fig. 3; the first single pole double throw switch, the second single pole double throw switch, the third single pole double throw switch and the fourth single pole double throw switch in the second signal path correspond to the single pole double throw switch 5, the single pole double throw switch 6, the single pole double throw switch 7 and the single pole double throw switch 8 in fig. 3 respectively; the first single pole double throw switch, the second single pole double throw switch, the third single pole double throw switch and the fourth single pole double throw switch in the third signal path correspond to the single pole double throw switch 9, the single pole double throw switch 10, the single pole double throw switch 11 and the single pole double throw switch 12 in fig. 3, respectively; the first single pole double throw switch, the second single pole double throw switch, the third single pole double throw switch and the fourth single pole double throw switch in the fourth signal path correspond to the single pole double throw switch 13, the single pole double throw switch 14, the single pole double throw switch 15 and the single pole double throw switch 16 in fig. 3, respectively;
the transmitting signal is divided into four paths of same-phase signals through the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and is output, then a receiving and transmitting channel mode is selected through the two-stage switch, and finally four paths of signals are output, and each path of transmitting signal is combined with a single-pole single-throw switch through the two-stage amplifier, so that the requirement of higher isolation between channels can be ensured. Four paths of receiving signals enter a switch matrix network through a receiving and transmitting channel, then the receiving mode is switched to a receiving mode under a receiving and transmitting working mode through a two-stage receiving and transmitting switch, firstly, the signals enter a low noise amplifier after passing through a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch, the whole noise coefficient of the system is guaranteed not to be too high, then the signals pass through a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch, and finally, the signals are output from a receiving channel to a switch matrix to receive front-end signals. In the calibration mode, signals are received and transmitted through the calibration port, when the transmitted signals are output, the output power is adjusted through the numerical control attenuator to output, when the signals are received, the small signals are amplified through the calibration amplifier and then output to the single-pole double-throw switch signals, and finally the signals are output through the receiving channel port.
As shown in fig. 2, the down-conversion receiving channel includes 4 receiving links, each of which includes a limiter, an STC, a low noise amplifier, a band-pass filter, a third mixer, an MGC, an intermediate frequency mixer, a temperature compensation attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase modulator and an intermediate frequency filter, which are sequentially connected; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillation signals into 4 paths of frequency hopping local oscillation signals, and each path of frequency hopping local oscillation signals are input to a third mixer in each path of receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillator signals into 4 paths of intermediate frequency local oscillator signals, and each path of intermediate frequency local oscillator signals is input to an intermediate frequency mixer of each path of receiving link.
The down-conversion receiving channel firstly carries out amplitude limiting treatment and STC treatment on the received signals, then carries out low-noise radio frequency amplification, and after the radio frequency amplification, a preselection filter is arranged for filtering image frequency signals, interference signals and the like, the filtered signals and corresponding frequency hopping local oscillation signals are subjected to primary frequency mixing, and after the frequency mixing, L-band intermediate frequency signals are obtained through frequency mixing, the signals enter an amplitude amplification adjusting circuit MGC. The amplitude amplification adjusting circuit is used for expanding the dynamic range of the channel and ensuring that the dynamic range is better than 90dBc. Finally, the L-band intermediate frequency signal is down-converted to 120MHz intermediate frequency signal for output, the intermediate frequency signal after filtering and power adjustment is output to a signal processing module, and then A/D sampling processing is carried out. The phase consistency requirements of the receiving channels on the channels are harsh, and in order to meet the requirements, the corresponding phase shifters are specially designed for the links to compensate the phase of each channel, and the phase shifter is different from the digital phase shifter, has the advantages of flexible phase modulation, simple circuit, low cost, stronger practicability and the like, and ensures that the phase consistency of the system is better than 5 degrees. In addition, in order to compensate signal fluctuation under different working temperature environments, a special receiving temperature compensator is designed for the link and is used for meeting the requirement of equipment temperature stability.
The working process for calibrating the channel consistency comprises the following steps: when calibration is performed, the device operation mode is set to the calibration mode from the transceiving operation mode through a software command. After switching to the calibration mode, outputting a radio frequency signal from a calibration port, radiating the radio frequency signal to a free space through an array antenna unit, generating an echo signal after the radiation signal detects a target, receiving the echo signal back through a calibration receiving antenna, then injecting the echo signal into a single-pole double-throw switch of the receiving and transmitting channel through a receiving and transmitting channel port, switching the signal to a receiving link through a switch matrix, amplifying the weak echo signal further and improving the signal to noise ratio after the signal is subjected to low noise amplification, injecting the signal into the receiving channel through a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch, limiting large signals leaked from a transmitting end through a limiter after the signal enters the receiving channel, ensuring that a later-stage device is not burnt and saturated, the limited signals are dynamically adjusted through an STC circuit, then the signals are subjected to low-noise amplification and a band-pass filter, the spurious signals are subjected to suppression treatment, after the spectral purity of the input signals is guaranteed, the signals enter a first mixer, after the first intermediate frequency signals are mixed and output at 2000MHz, the signals sequentially pass through an MGC and an intermediate frequency mixer to output 120MHz intermediate frequency signals, then the intermediate frequency signals pass through a temperature compensation attenuator to carry out gain compensation on the whole link in a full temperature range, the output signals pass through an intermediate frequency amplifier to amplify the signals, then the signals pass through a phase modulator to compensate the phase consistency of the signals of each channel, and then the output signals pass through the intermediate frequency filter to finish suppression of intermediate frequency spurious and harmonic waves and output an intermediate frequency calibration signal. This completes the channel calibration.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as taught or as a matter of routine skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system, characterized in that: the device comprises a frequency source module and a high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module; the frequency source module is used for dividing the reference signal into two branches, the first branch outputs a coherent reference clock signal with a first frequency, the second branch is divided into two sub-branches, the first sub-branch outputs reference clock signals with a second frequency and a third frequency, and the second sub-branch outputs a frequency hopping local oscillator signal and an intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module;
the high-isolation receiving-transmitting frequency conversion module is used for completing amplification and filtering of a transmitting intermediate frequency signal through an up-conversion transmitting channel in a transmitting channel mode, performing first frequency mixing according to a received intermediate frequency local oscillation signal and performing second frequency mixing according to a received frequency hopping local oscillation signal, and transmitting the signal through the transmitting mode; in the receiving channel mode, the receiving signals are mixed for two times through the down-conversion receiving channel in sequence according to the received frequency hopping local oscillator signals and the intermediate frequency local oscillator signals to obtain intermediate frequency signal output with corresponding frequency;
the high-isolation transceiving frequency conversion module comprises an up-conversion transmitting channel, a down-conversion receiving channel, a switch switching matrix network, a first power divider and a second power divider;
the up-conversion transmitting channel carries out filtering amplification and temperature compensation on the transmitting intermediate frequency signals, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received intermediate frequency local oscillation signals to an L wave band, then carries out filtering amplification, mixes the transmitting intermediate frequency signals with the received frequency hopping local oscillation signals to an X wave band, and inputs the transmitting intermediate frequency signals into the switch switching matrix network for transmitting;
the switch switching matrix network is used for dividing a transmitting signal into four paths of same-phase signals to be output through a two-stage Wilkinson power divider, and then selecting a transmitting channel mode to output four paths of transmitting signals through a two-stage switch; and inputting a received signal to the down-conversion receiving channel according to a two-stage switch selection as a receiving channel mode;
the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting treatment, sensitivity time control and low-noise radio frequency amplification on the received signal, filters an image frequency signal and an interference signal through a preselection filter, carries out first frequency mixing with a frequency hopping local oscillator signal to obtain an L-band intermediate frequency signal, carries out gain control, and carries out second frequency mixing with the intermediate frequency local oscillator signal to output an intermediate frequency signal with corresponding frequency;
the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a first local oscillation switch, the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal into the up-conversion transmitting channel through a second local oscillation switch, and the first power divider and the second power divider are directly connected with a down-conversion receiving channel;
the switch switching matrix network comprises a first wilkinson power divider, a second wilkinson power divider and a third wilkinson power divider; the output end of the up-conversion transmitting channel is connected with the first Wilkinson power divider, the first Wilkinson power divider is connected with the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider, and the two-stage Wilkinson power divider is used for dividing the up-conversion transmitting channel into four paths of same-phase transmitting signals to output; the second Wilkinson power divider and the third Wilkinson power divider divide the transmitting signal into four signal channels, and each signal channel selects a receiving channel mode or a transmitting channel mode through a two-stage switch;
each signal channel comprises a first single-pole double-throw switch, a second single-pole double-throw switch, a third single-pole double-throw switch and a fourth single-pole double-throw switch; one output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is sequentially connected with two amplifiers and one single-pole single-throw switch and then is connected with the third single-pole double-throw switch, and the other output end of the first single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the numerical control attenuator and then is connected with the fourth single-pole double-throw switch; the third single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the receiving and transmitting channel, and one output end is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through a low noise amplifier; the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the calibration channel, and one output end of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the second single-pole double-throw switch through the calibration amplifier; the second single-pole double-throw switch is connected with the down-conversion receiving channel through a receiving channel; when the signal is in a transmitting channel mode, the first single-pole double-throw switch receives the same-phase transmitting signal output by the two-stage Wilkinson power divider and outputs the signal by the third single-pole double-throw switch; when in the receiving channel mode, the third single pole double throw switch receives the signal and sends the signal to the down-conversion receiving channel.
2. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the up-conversion transmitting channel comprises a transmitting intermediate frequency filter, a first transmitting amplifier, a transmitting temperature compensation attenuator, a first mixer, a filter, a second transmitting amplifier, a second mixer, a broadband filter, an amplifier, a transmitting switch and a driving amplifier which are sequentially connected; the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal is input to the first power divider, one output end of the first power divider inputs the intermediate frequency local oscillation signal to the first mixer for mixing through the first local oscillation switch, the frequency hopping local oscillation signal is input to the second power divider, and one output end of the second power divider inputs the frequency hopping local oscillation signal to the second mixer for mixing through the second local oscillation switch.
3. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the down-conversion receiving channel comprises a plurality of paths of receiving links, and each path of receiving link comprises a limiter, a sensitivity time control, a low-noise amplifier, a band-pass filter, a third mixer, a manual gain control, an intermediate frequency mixer, a temperature compensation attenuator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a phase modulator and an intermediate frequency filter which are connected in sequence; the second power divider divides the frequency hopping local oscillation signals into multiple paths of frequency hopping local oscillation signals, and each path of frequency hopping local oscillation signals are input to a third mixer in each path of receiving link; the first power divider divides the intermediate frequency local oscillation signals into multiple paths of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals, and each path of intermediate frequency local oscillation signals are input to an intermediate frequency mixer of each path of receiving link.
4. The X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system of claim 1, wherein: the first branch circuit outputs a coherent reference clock signal of 100 MHz; the first sub-branch of the second sub-branch outputs 800MHz and 1000MHz reference clock signals, and the second sub-branch outputs 11 GHz-12 GHz frequency hopping local oscillation signals and 2120MHz intermediate frequency local oscillation signals.
5. The method for calibrating channel consistency of an X-band high isolation radio frequency transceiver system according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the channel consistency calibration method comprises the following steps:
setting the working mode from a transceiving channel mode to a calibration mode through a software command;
the calibration port outputs radio frequency signals to radiate into free space through the array antenna, echo signals are generated after the radiated signals detect targets, and the calibration antenna receives the echo signals;
the received echo signals are injected into a first-stage single-pole double-throw switch in a switch switching array network through a receiving and transmitting channel port, then low-noise amplification is carried out, weak microwave information is amplified and signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and the signals are input into a second-stage single-pole double-throw switch to be input into a down-conversion receiving channel;
and outputting an intermediate frequency calibration signal after the down-conversion receiving channel carries out amplitude limiting processing, dynamic signal adjustment, spurious signal suppression, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation on the signals, and completing the calibration of the channel.
6. The method for calibrating channel consistency of an X-band high-isolation radio frequency transceiver system according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the frequency conversion receiving channel outputs an intermediate frequency calibration signal after signal amplitude limiting processing, signal dynamic adjustment, spurious signal suppression, mixing, gain compensation in a full temperature range and phase consistency compensation, and the calibration of the channel is completed comprises the following steps:
after the signals enter the down-conversion receiving channel, the amplitude limiter is used for carrying out amplitude limiting treatment on the large signals leaked by the up-conversion transmitting channel so as to ensure that the devices at the later stage are not burnt and saturated;
after limiting amplitude, dynamically adjusting the signals by a sensitivity time control circuit, and then inhibiting the spurious signals by a low noise amplifier and a band-pass filter so as to ensure the spectral purity of the input signals and then entering a mixer for mixing;
after 2000MHz intermediate frequency signals are output by mixing, 120MHz intermediate frequency signals are output by manual gain control and an intermediate frequency mixer in sequence, and then the 120MHz intermediate frequency signals are subjected to gain compensation in the whole temperature range by a temperature compensation attenuator;
and amplifying the signals by an intermediate frequency amplifier, supplementing the phase consistency of each channel signal by a phase modulator, and then completing the intermediate frequency spurious and harmonic suppression of the output signals by an intermediate frequency filter to output an intermediate frequency calibration signal.
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