LT6470B - Method for reducing of fuel consumption in crop production using biological preparation - Google Patents

Method for reducing of fuel consumption in crop production using biological preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
LT6470B
LT6470B LT2017009A LT2017009A LT6470B LT 6470 B LT6470 B LT 6470B LT 2017009 A LT2017009 A LT 2017009A LT 2017009 A LT2017009 A LT 2017009A LT 6470 B LT6470 B LT 6470B
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Lithuania
Prior art keywords
soil
fuel consumption
biological preparation
crop
reducing
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LT2017009A
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Lithuanian (lt)
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LT2017009A (en
Inventor
Egidijus ŠARAUSKIS
ŠARAUSKIS Egidijus
Vilma NAUJOKIENĖ
NAUJOKIENĖ Vilma
Kristina Vaitauskienė
VAITAUSKIENĖ Kristina
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Aleksandro Stulginskio Universitetas
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Priority to LT2017009A priority Critical patent/LT6470B/en
Publication of LT2017009A publication Critical patent/LT2017009A/en
Publication of LT6470B publication Critical patent/LT6470B/en

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  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture sector and can be used in reduction of agricultural machines' fuel costs issues as well as CO2 reduction problems during soil tillage works. Winter grain crop field is affected by biological preparation in spring, after renewed plant vegetation. Physical properties of the soil are changing, soil density is reducing, soil porosity is increasing after crop spraying, so that fuel consumption is reduced up to 26 % in soil tillage in autumn. In addition, CO2 emission from agricultural machinery into the environment decrease and crop production costs decline also.

Description

Sritis, kuriai priskiriamas išradimasField of the Invention

Išradimas priklauso žemės ūkio sričiai, sprendžiančiai degalų sąnaudų ir aplinkos taršos mažinimo galimybes, auginant žieminius javus.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of agriculture, which addresses the potential for reducing fuel consumption and environmental pollution by growing winter crops.

Išradimo lygisInvention Level

Naujas metodas specializuoto biologinio preparato panaudojimui, mažinant degalų sąnaudas ir aplinkos taršą, atsižvelgiant j dirvos savybių dinamiką, skiriasi nuo įprasto žemės ūkio praktikoje biologinių preparatų panaudojimo, orientuoto išimtinai tik augalų apsaugai, atsparumui ligoms [Skystas preparatas, skirtas biologinei augalų apsaugai, jo gaminimo būdas ir naudojimas, US 20140212387 B1 (2014)].The new method of using a specialized biological preparation for reducing fuel consumption and environmental pollution, taking into account the dynamics of soil properties, differs from the conventional use of biological preparations in agricultural practice, which are exclusively focused on plant protection, disease resistance [Liquid preparation for biological plant protection and use, US 20140212387 B1 (2014)].

Tikslingas biologinio preparato naudojimas ne tik užtikrina tinkamą tam tikrų dirvožemio maistingųjų medžiagų valdymą, kaip nurodyta patente US 7854926 B2 (2010), bet ir pateikto išradimo atveju sumažina aplinkos taršą kenksmingomis dujomis dėl sumažėjusių degalų sąnaudų įdirbant dirvą po derliaus nuėmimo.The purposeful use of a biological preparation not only ensures the proper management of certain soil nutrients as disclosed in US 7854926 B2 (2010), but also, in the present invention, reduces environmental pollution by harmful gases due to reduced fuel consumption after tillage.

Žinomas panaudojimas panašaus biologinio produkto, kuris skirtas aktyviai gaminti azotą, fosforą dirvožemyje, skatinti mikroorganizmų plitimą [Biologinis produktas, skirtas gerinti dirvožemį, bei jo panaudojimas, US 5147441 A (1992)], tačiau jis neužtikrina dirvos dirbimo technologinėms operacijoms reikalingų degalų sąnaudų, nei aplinkos taršos kenksmingomis dujomis sumažinimo.Known uses of a similar biological product for the active production of nitrogen, phosphorus in soil, promotion of microorganisms [Biological Product for Improvement of Soil and its Use, US 5147441 A (1992)], but it does not provide the fuel required for soil tillage operations reduction of environmental pollution by harmful gases.

Išradimo esmėThe essence of the invention

Kadangi žemės dirbimas yra vienas svarbiausių, brangiausių ir daugiausiai degalų sąnaudų reikalaujančių technologinių procesų augalininkystėje, sudeginus vieną litrą dyzelinių degalų į aplinką išmetama apie 3,76 kg šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių CO2 dujų. Taigi strategiškai kombinuotos sudėties biologinio preparato naudojimas pagal tikslingą specializuotą metodiką pakeičia fizikines dirvožemio savybes ir sumažinamas degalų sunaudojimas žemės dirbimui, o tuo pačiu mažėja aplinkos tarša.As soil cultivation is one of the most important, costly and most fuel consuming technological processes in crop production, burning one liter of diesel fuel emits about 3.76 kg of greenhouse gas (CO 2 ). Thus, the use of a strategically combined biological preparation in a targeted, specialized methodology alters the physical properties of soil and reduces fuel consumption for tillage, thereby reducing environmental pollution.

Išradimo uždavinys - sumažinti žemės dirbimo technologinėms operacijoms atlikti reikalingų degalų sąnaudas ir į aplinką išmetamų dujų kiekius, kai dirva arba augalų pasėlis nupurškiamas biologiniu preparatu. Išradimas realizuojamas nupurškiant žieminių javų pasėlį biologiniu preparatu, susidedančiu iš nesimbiotinių, azotą fiksuojančių bakterijų, fosforo, kalio ir jūros dumblių ekstrakto. Pasėlio nupurškimo terminas yra pavasarį, atsinaujinus augalų vegetacijai, kai lengvo priemolio dirvožemio drėgnumas būna nuo 17 iki 22 %, tankis nuo 1,2 iki 1,5 g cm'3. Biologinio preparato išpurškimo norma nuo 1,0 iki 4,0 I ha'1, geriau - nuo 1,0 iki 2,0 I ha'1. Vienas litras biologinio preparato maišomas su 200 I vandens. Biologinis preparatas išpurškiamas purkštuvu.The object of the invention is to reduce fuel consumption and emissions to the environment when soil or crop crop is sprayed with a biological preparation. The invention is carried out by spraying a crop of winter cereals with a biological preparation consisting of non-symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus, potassium and seaweed extract. The crop is sprayed in spring, when the vegetation is renewed, with a light loam soil with a moisture content of 17 to 22% and a density of 1.2 to 1.5 g cm 3 . The application rate of the biological preparation is 1.0 to 4.0 I ha ' 1 , preferably 1.0 to 2.0 I ha' 1 . One liter of biological preparation is mixed with 200 l of water. The biological preparation is sprayed with a spray.

Biologinis preparatas, išpurkštas pavasarį, veikia dirvožemį visą likusį žieminių javų vegetacijos laikotarpį, per kurį kinta žemės dirbimui labai svarbios fizikinės dirvožemio savybės, t.y. mažėja dirvožemio tankis, didėja dirvožemio poringumas. Šių savybių kitimas leidžia sumažinti dirvožemio pasipriešinimą žemės dirbimo mašinų traukai ir tuo pačiu žemės dirbimo technologinėms operacijoms atlikti reikalingas degalų sąnaudas, lyginant su įprastiniu rudeniniu žemės dirbimu, kai biologinis preparatas nenaudojamas.The biological spray applied in the spring affects the soil throughout the remainder of the winter cereal vegetation period, during which the physical properties of the soil, which are very important for tillage, change, soil density decreases, soil porosity increases. Changes in these properties make it possible to reduce the resistance of the soil to the pull of the tillage equipment and, consequently, to the fuel consumption required for tillage technological operations, compared to conventional autumn tillage without the use of a biological preparation.

Panašių biologinių preparatų naudojimas žemės ūkio praktikoje orientuotas tik augalų apsaugai, atsparumui ligoms, tam tikrų dirvožemio maistingųjų medžiagų valdymui, mikroorganizmų plitimo skatinimui. Naujasis metodas pranašesnis tuo, kad strategiškai kombinuotos sudėties biologinio preparato panaudojimas pagal tikslingą specializuotą metodiką per dirvos savybių dinamiką užtikrina degalų sąnaudų žemės dirbimui ir aplinkos taršos sumažėjimą.The use of similar biological preparations in agricultural practice focuses solely on plant protection, disease resistance, management of certain soil nutrients, and promotion of microorganisms. The advantage of the new method is that the use of a strategically combined biological preparation according to a purposeful specialized methodology, through the dynamics of soil properties, ensures the reduction of fuel consumption for tillage and environmental pollution.

Išradimo realizavimasImplementation of the invention

Biologiniu preparatu nupurškus pasėlį ir atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus, nustatyta, kad keičiasi fizikinės dirvožemio savybės - dirvožemio tankis sumažėja vidutiniškai apie 0,1-0,15 g cm'3, bendras dirvožemio poringumas padidėja nuo 10 % iki 20 %, aeracinis dirvožemio poringumas padidėja nuo 20 % iki 35 %, lyginant su kontroliniu variantu, kuriame pasėlis biologiniu preparatu nebuvo purškiamas. Dirvožemio savybių pokyčiai dėl biologinių preparatų gerina žemės dirbimo mašinų ir jų darbinių dalių darbą, iki vidutiniškai 26 % sumažina degalų sąnaudas žemės dirbimui rudenį. Mažinant degalų sąnaudas vienai iš svarbiausių ir daugiausiai energijos sąnaudų reikalaujančiai technologinei operacijai žemės ūkyje mažinama augalininkystės produkcijos gamybos savikaina bei tuo pačiu tausojama aplinka, iki vidutiniškai 13 % mažinant šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių CO2 dujų išmetimą į aplinką.Organic crop spraying and experimental studies have shown changes in the physical properties of the soil, with an average reduction in soil density of about 0.1-0.15 g cm 3 , an increase in total soil porosity of 10% to 20%, and aeration in soil porosity of 20% to 35% compared to the control in which the crop was not sprayed with the biological agent. Changes in soil properties due to biological agents improve the performance of tillage machines and their working parts, reducing fuel consumption for tillage in autumn by up to 26% on average. Reducing fuel consumption in one of the most important and the most energy-consuming technological operations in agriculture reduced crop production cost and at the same time respect the environment, to an average of 13% reduction of greenhouse gas CO 2 emissions.

Claims (2)

Išradimo apibrėžtis.Definition of the Invention. 1. Degalų sąnaudų mažinimo būdas augalininkystėje besiskiriantis tuo, kad žieminių javų pasėlis nupurškiamas biologiniu preparatu pavasarį, atsinaujinus augalų vegetacijai.1. The method of reducing fuel consumption in crop production is that the crop of winter cereals is sprayed with biological preparation in spring when the vegetation is renewed. 2. Degalų sąnaudų mažinimo būdas augalininkystėje pagal 1 punktą, besiskiriantis tuo, kad nupurškimui naudojamo biologinio preparato norma yra nuo 1,0 iki 4,0 I ha'1, geriau - nuo 1,0 iki 2,0 I ha1.A method for reducing fuel consumption in crop production according to claim 1, characterized in that the rate of application of the biological preparation for spraying is from 1.0 to 4.0 I ha ' 1 , preferably from 1.0 to 2.0 I ha 1 .
LT2017009A 2017-03-20 2017-03-20 Method for reducing of fuel consumption in crop production using biological preparation LT6470B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5147441A (en) 1991-05-31 1992-09-15 Megeed Mohamed E A Biological product for soil improvement and method of application to soil
US7854926B2 (en) 2007-01-04 2010-12-21 Profile Products L.L.C. Biological soil nutrient system
US20140212387A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2014-07-31 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Liquid preparation for biological plant protection, method for producing it and use thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5147441A (en) 1991-05-31 1992-09-15 Megeed Mohamed E A Biological product for soil improvement and method of application to soil
US7854926B2 (en) 2007-01-04 2010-12-21 Profile Products L.L.C. Biological soil nutrient system
US20140212387A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2014-07-31 Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh Liquid preparation for biological plant protection, method for producing it and use thereof

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