LT6032B - Method for producing ceramic products with fine dispersive supplement - Google Patents

Method for producing ceramic products with fine dispersive supplement Download PDF

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LT6032B
LT6032B LT2012052A LT2012052A LT6032B LT 6032 B LT6032 B LT 6032B LT 2012052 A LT2012052 A LT 2012052A LT 2012052 A LT2012052 A LT 2012052A LT 6032 B LT6032 B LT 6032B
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Lithuania
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ceramic
water treatment
sludge
fine
supplement
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LT2012052A
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Lithuanian (lt)
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LT2012052A (en
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Olga KIZINIEVIČ
Ramūnė ŽURAUSKIENĖ
Viktor KIZINIEVIČ
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Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas
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Publication of LT6032B publication Critical patent/LT6032B/en

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Abstract

The invention relates to industrial ecology and building ceramics area and can be used to clay masonry products or ceramic tile production. The invention provides to produce darker shades of fine ceramic products with fine dispersive water treatment sludge supplement containing coloring (iron oxide) compounds. Ceramic products molding compound is prepared from the following components: clay, lean supplement (sand), fine dispersive water treatment sludge. New is that by the varying quantities of dispersive water treatment in sludge formation mass and burning by corresponding mode ceramic fragments are produced with apparent (gross) dry density of 1340-1995 kg/m3, compressive strength of 14 to 53.8 N/mm2, water absorption 4.6 to 28. 8%. This supplement changes the hue of ceramic body, so it can be used in bulk ceramic painting.

Description

Išradimas priklauso pramoninės ekologijos sričiai ir statybinių medžiagų pramonei ir gali būti panaudotas gaminant įvairios paskirties tamsesnių atspalvių keraminius gaminius pvz. plytas, blokus, čerpes, su smulkiadispersiniu vandens valymo dumblo (WDA), kurio sudėtyje yra geležies junginių, priedu.The invention relates to the field of industrial ecology and to the building materials industry and can be used in the production of darker shades of ceramic products for various purposes e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, with an additive of fine dispersed water treatment sludge (WDA) containing iron compounds.

Yra žinomi būdai gaminti įvairios paskirties keraminius gaminius panaudojant vandens valymo dumblą. Patente RU 2371417 C2 aprašomi bandiniai, pagaminti iš 60-85 % rūgštaus priemolio, 15-40 % pusiau rūgštaus išsipučiančio keramzitinio molio ir 0,05-1,3 % (virš 100 % nuo sausų medžiagų masės) nugeležinimo stoties vandens valymo dumblo. Išdegus bandinius 950 °C temperatūroje, gauta 1840-1900 kg/m3 ir 30,5-43 N/mm2 keraminė šukė.There are known methods for producing ceramic products for various purposes using water treatment sludge. Patent Specification RU 2371417 C2 discloses specimens made from 60-85% acidic loam, 15-40% semi-acid effervescent clay and 0.05-1.3% (over 100% by weight on a dry weight basis) of a treatment plant water treatment sludge. After burning the specimens at 950 ° C, a ceramic comb of 1840-1900 kg / m 3 and 30.5-43 N / mm 2 was obtained.

Patente US 005175134A aprašomas nuotekų dumblo pelenų, kurių sudėtyje yra 36 % SiO2, 16 % AI2O3, 5 % P2O5, 28 % CaO, 2 % MgO ir 7 % Fe2O3, 1 % Na2O, 1 % K2O, 1 % TiO2, panaudojimas gaminant keramines plyteles išdegant jas 10501220 °C temperatūroje. Gautos formavimo masės pagamintos iš 10 % molio ir 90 % vandens valymo dumblo presavimo būdų (250 kg/cm2) išdegtos 1050 °C temperatūroje, vandens įmirkis - 15,3 %, tankis 1,75 g/cm3.US 005175134A describes ash containing 36% SiO 2 , 16% AI 2 O 3 , 5% P 2 O 5 , 28% CaO, 2% MgO and 7% Fe 2 O 3 , 1% Na 2 O , 1% K 2 O, 1% TiO 2 , for the production of ceramic tiles by firing at 10501220 ° C. The resulting forming masses are made from 10% clay and 90% water treatment sludge pressing techniques (250 kg / cm 2 ), calcined at 1050 ° C, water impregnation - 15.3%, density 1.75 g / cm 3 .

Patento US 005230845A autoriai siūlo į formavimo mases įvesti nuo 2 % iki 50 % dumblo pelenų ir išdegant 900-1200 °C temperatūroje gaminti įvairios paskirties (pvz. mūro, kelių grindinio plytas, čerpes, sienų apdailos plyteles) keraminius gaminius, kurių tankis 1,6-2,1 g/cm3.The authors of US 005230845A propose introducing 2% to 50% of sludge ash into the forming masses and firing at a temperature of 900-1200 ° C to produce ceramic products of various densities (e.g., masonry, paving bricks, tiles, wall tiles) of density 1, 6-2.1 g / cm 3 .

Patente RU 2346908 C2 aprašomos formavimo masės, pagamintos iš 50-70 % molio, 15-25 % šlako pelenų, 15-25 % karbonatinio dumblo, gaunamo valant geriamąjį vandenį, išdegtos 1050 °C temperatūroje. Karbonatinis dumblas sudarytas iš 19,5 % SiO2, 1,04 % AI2O3, 47,54 % CaO, 8,0 % MgO ir 1,51 % Fe2O3, 0,21 % R2O, 21,08 % kaitmenys. Gautų keraminių gaminių atsparumas šalčiui iki 67 ciklų.Patent RU 2346908 C2 discloses forming masses made of 50-70% clay, 15-25% slag ash, 15-25% carbonate sludge from drinking water purification, burned at 1050 ° C. The carbonate sludge consists of 19.5% SiO 2 , 1.04% Al 2 O 3 , 47.54% CaO, 8.0% MgO, and 1.51% Fe 2 O 3 , 0.21% R 2 O, 21 , 08% fuses. The resulting ceramic products have a frost resistance of up to 67 cycles.

Išvardytose patentuose aprašyti keraminių gaminių, panaudojant dumblą, gavimo būdai, tačiau tokie dirbiniai yra gana didelio tankio. Be to, patentuose nekalbama apie priedo poveikį keraminių šukių spalvai.The patents listed above describe methods for obtaining ceramic articles using sludge, but such articles are of relatively high density. In addition, the patents do not mention the effect of the additive on the color of the ceramic comb.

Patente BY 3949 7 C09C 1/24 aprašytas šlamo, gauto po nuotekų valymo nuo sunkiųjų metalų, perdirbimo būdas į rudąjį pigmentą. Šlamas gautas išvalant nuotekas ir turintis ne mažiau 60 % Fe2O3, sumaišomas su fosforo rūgštimi (moliniu santykiu 1,00-(0,2-0,3)), džiovinamas ir kaitinamas 400-700°C temperatūroje.Patent BY 3949 7 C09C 1/24 describes a process for converting sludge obtained after the treatment of wastewater from heavy metals into a brown pigment. The slurry is obtained by treating waste water containing at least 60% Fe 2 O 3 , mixed with phosphoric acid (molar ratio 1,00- (0,2-0,3)), dried and heated at 400-700 ° C.

Tačiau tokiu būdu gauti pigmentai turi žemą spalvos ryškumą ir švarumą.However, the pigments obtained in this way have a low color brightness and purity.

Žinomi ir plačiai naudojami gamtiniai pigmentai - geležies surikas, sudarytas iš iki 90 % Fe2O3, molio ir kvarco priemaišų, mumija, turinti 20-70 % Fe2O3 (KopcyHCKkiii ΓΙ.Φ. m flp. HeopraHunecKue nurivieHTbi. Χμμι/ια, 1992, 336 c.). Gamtiniai geležies turintys pigmentai dažniausiai gaunami malant ir termiškai apdorojant geležies turinčias rūdas. Šie pigmentai yra nebrangūs, tačiau nepasižymi atsparumu temperatūrai.Known and widely used natural pigments - Iron scavenger of up to 90% Fe 2 O 3 , clay and quartz impurities, mummy containing 20-70% Fe 2 O 3 (KopcyHCKkiii ΓΙ.Φ. m flp. HeopraHunecKue nurivieHTbi. Χμμι / ια, 1992, 336 c.). Natural iron-containing pigments are usually obtained by milling and heat treating iron-containing ores. These pigments are inexpensive but do not exhibit temperature resistance.

Siūlomo išradimo tikslas - gauti įvairios paskirties tamsesnių atspalvių keraminius gaminius, formavimo masėje iš molio ir liesinančio priedo (smėlio) varijuojant smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo (WDA), kurio sudėtyje yra geležies junginių, priedą.The object of the present invention is to obtain ceramic products of various shades of darker shades by varying the additive of iron-containing fine-dispersed water treatment sludge (WDA) in a molding compound from a clay and a leaning additive (sand).

Siūlomi įvairios paskirties tamsesnių atspalvių keraminiai gaminiai yra nauji savo formavimo mišinio sudėties komponentais, jų kiekiais ir degimo sąlygomis. Formavimo mišiniui buvo naudota (procentais pagal masę): 60-95 % molio ir liesinančio priedo mišinio ir 5-40 % smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo. Gaminant tokius gaminius degimas buvo vykdomas 1000-1050 °C temperatūroje, išlaikant aukščiausioje degimo temperatūroje 4 valandas.The range of darker shades offered in various applications is new in the composition of its formulation, in its amounts and in its combustion conditions. 60% to 95% by weight of the mixture of clay and loosening additive and 5% to 40% of fine sludge for cleaning the water were used for the formation mixture. In the manufacture of such articles, the combustion was carried out at a temperature of 1000-1050 ° C and maintained at the highest combustion temperature for 4 hours.

Naudoto molio ir liesinančio priedo (smėlio) cheminė sudėtis (%) yra tokia: 67,52 - SiO2, 17,09 - AI2O3, 6,56 - Fe2O3, 2,14 - CaO, 1,88 - MgO, 4,23 - K2O, 0,58 - SO3, 12,0 - skaitmenys. Nustatyti molio ir liesinančio priedo (smėlio) mišinio mineralai yra chloritas (X), ilitas (I), kvarcas (Q), lauko špatas (F), dolomitas (D), kalcitas (K) (Fig. 1).The chemical composition (%) of the clay and the lean additive (sand) used is as follows: 67.52 - SiO 2 , 17.09 - AI 2 O 3 , 6.56 - Fe 2 O 3 , 2.14 - CaO, 1.88 - MgO, 4.23 - K 2 O, 0.58 - SO 3 , 12.0 - Digits. The identified minerals in the mixture of clay and the loosening additive (sand) are chlorite (X), ilite (I), quartz (Q), feldspar (F), dolomite (D), calcite (K) (Fig. 1).

Pagrindinis formavimo masės komponentas, suteikiantis norimą efektą, yra smulkiadispersinis vandens valymo dumblas. Cheminė vandens valymo dumblo sudėtis (%) yra tokia: 10,90 - SiO2, 1,34 - AI2O3, 68,65 - Fe2O3, 8,23 - CaO, 0,61 MgO, 9,39 - P2Os, 0,88 - SO3. Atlikta išdegto 1000 °C temperatūroje vandens valymo dumblo rentgenografinė analizė parodė, kad dumblą sudaro hematitas (H), kvarcas (Q), magnio silikatas (Mg) (Fig. 2). Atlikta vandens valymo dumblo vaizdų analizė rastriniu elektroniniu mikroskopu rodo, kad jj sudaro smulkiadispersinės tuščiavidurės dalelės, mažesnės nei 1,715 μιτι dalelės (Fig.3).The main component of the forming mass which gives the desired effect is the fine dispersion water treatment sludge. The chemical composition of the water treatment sludge (%) is as follows: 10.90 - SiO 2 , 1.34 - Al 2 O 3 , 68.65 - Fe 2 O 3 , 8.23 - CaO, 0.61 MgO, 9.39 - P 2 Os, 0.88 - SO 3 . X-ray analysis of burnt sludge at 1000 ° C showed hematite (H), quartz (Q), magnesium silicate (Mg) (Fig. 2). Analysis of water purification sludge images under a raster electron microscope shows that it consists of fine-dispersed hollow particles smaller than 1.715 μιτι (Fig.3).

Keraminių gaminių gavimo būdas yra toks:The method of obtaining ceramic products is as follows:

žaliavų paruošimas (trupinimas, smulkinimas, sijojimas) -> komponentų maišymas -> mišinio drėkinimas iki tinkamos formuoti drėgmės -> pusgaminių formavimas džiovinimas ir degimas optimaliu laiko ir temperatūros režimu.preparation of raw materials (crushing, grinding, sieving) -> mixing of components -> wetting the mixture to a suitable moisture content -> forming semi-finished products drying and burning in optimum time and temperature mode.

Įvairios paskirties keraminiai gaminiai gauti naudojant įprastas žaliavas molį, smėlį, taip pat smulkiadispersinį vandens valymo dumblą - atlieką, kuri šiuo metu tiesiog keliauja į sąvartyną, bei, palyginus su analogais, neaukštą degimo temperatūrą. Taikant šj gamybos būdą įvedamo smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo į formavimo mases kiekis tiesiogiai apsprendžia norimos gauti keraminės šukės paskirtį.Multi-purpose ceramic products are obtained using common raw materials clay, sand, as well as fine-dispersed water treatment sludge - a waste that is currently just going to landfill and, compared to its analogues, a low combustion temperature. The amount of fine dispersion water treatment sludge introduced into the forming masses by this method of production directly determines the purpose of the ceramic comb to be obtained.

Pagrindiniai išradimo esmę apibūdinantys požymiai ir privalumai pateikti 1 ir 2 lentelėje.The main features and advantages of the invention are set forth in Tables 1 and 2.

lentelė. Pagrindiniai išradimo esmę apibūdinantys požymiai ir privalumaitable. Main features and advantages of the invention

Formavimo mišinio sudėtis (%, pagal masę) Composition of molding compound (% by weight) Degimo temperatūra, °C Combustion temperature, ° C Tariamasis (bruto) sausasis tankis, kg/m3 Apparent (gross) dry density, kg / m 3 Gniuždymo stipris, N/mm2 Compressive strength, N / mm 2 Vandens įmirkis, % Water soak, % Šilumos laidumas, W/mK Heat conductivity, W / mK Molio ir liesinančio priedo (smėlio) kiekis Clay and touching Annex (sandy) quantity Smulkiadispersinis vandens valymo dumblas Fine dispersion sludge from water treatment 100 100 0 0 1000/1050 1000/1050 1714-1745 1714-1745 24-39 24-39 11,6-14 11.6-14 nuo 0,54 from 0.54 60-95 60-95 5-40 5-40 1000/1050 1000/1050 1340-1995 1340-1995 14-53 14-53 4,6-28,8 4.6-28.8 nuo 0,37 from 0.37

Pastaba: Tariamasis (bruto) sausasis tankis nustatytas pagal LST EN 77213:2003, gniuždymo stipris LST EN 772-1:2003, vandens įmirkis pagal LST ΕΝ 771-1+A1:2005, šilumos laidumas pagal LST EN 1745:2002 lentelė. Cheminė keraminių šukių sudėtis ir spalvaNote: The apparent (gross) dry density is determined in accordance with LST EN 77213: 2003, compressive strength LST EN 772-1: 2003, water absorption according to LST ΕΝ 771-1 + A1: 2005, thermal conductivity according to LST EN 1745: 2002 table. Chemical composition and color of ceramic combs

Žymuo ir spalva The and color Cheminė vandens valymo dumblo sudėtys (%) ir spalva Chemical composition (%) and color of water treatment sludge S1O2 S1O2 AI2O3 AI2O3 Fe2O3 Fe 2 O 3 CaO CaO MgO MgO Na2ONa 2 O K2OK 2 O p2o5 p 2 o 5 Keraminė šukė be Ceramic comb without 67,52 67.52 17,09 17.09 6,56 6.56 2,14 2.14 1,88 1.88 — - 4,23 4.23 — - II II

smulkiadispers inio vandens valymo dumblo priedo finely dispersed water treatment sludge additive Keraminė šukė Ceramic comb 43,17- 43.17- 8,17- 8.17- 10,26- 10.26- 3,37- 3.37- 1,23- 1.23- 1,00- 1.00- 2,35- 2.35- 1,14- 1.14- 0— 0— su 5-40 % smulkiadispers inio vandens valymo dumblo priedu with 5-40% finely dispersed water purification sludge additive 65,13 65.13 12,99 12.99 35,25 35.25 5,29 5.29 1,67 1.67 1,33 1.33 3,92 3.92 3,55 3.55 0,2 0.2

Techninis-ekonominis tokių keraminių dirbinių gamybos būdo pagrindimas toks: utilizuojama šiuo metu Lietuvoje nenaudojama smulkiadispersinė, ekologiškai švari, vandens valymo dumblo, kurio sudėtyje yra dažančių (geležies oksido) junginių, atlieka, kuri tarnauja kaip pigmentas, suteikdama keraminiams gaminiams tamsesnį atspalvį. Varijuojant smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo priedo kiekį ir aukščiausią degimo temperatūrą, gaunami įvairios paskirties keraminiai gaminiai. Gauti keraminiai gaminiai galėtų būti panaudojami gyvenamųjų, pramoninių pastatų statybai, įvairių architektūrinių paminklų restauracijai. Keraminiai mūro gaminiai (2 žymuo) galėtų būti pilnaviduriai arba su tuštumomis, tai dar labiau sumažintų gaminių šilumos laidumą.The techno-economic justification for the production of such ceramic products is as follows: utilizes a fine dispersion, which is currently not used in Lithuania, ecologically clean, water treatment sludge containing dye (iron oxide) compounds, which serves as a pigment, giving the ceramic products a darker shade. Various applications of ceramic products are obtained by varying the amount of fine dispersion water treatment sludge additive and the maximum combustion temperature. The obtained ceramic products could be used for the construction of residential and industrial buildings and for the restoration of various architectural monuments. Ceramic masonry units (sign 2) could be solid or with voids, further reducing the thermal conductivity of the products.

Claims (2)

Išradimo apibrėžtisDefinition of the Invention 1. Keraminių gaminių gavimo būdas, apimantis tradicinių žaliavų (molio, smėlio) ir pigmentinės medžiagos maišymą, formavimą, džiovinimą ir degimą, besiskiriantis tuo, kad kaip pigmentinė medžiaga yra naudojamas smulkiadispersinis vandens valymo dumblas, esant tokiam komponentų santykiui: 60 - 95 % molio ir smėlio, 5-40 % smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo.1. A process for preparing ceramic products comprising mixing, shaping, drying and burning conventional raw materials (clay, sand) and pigment material, characterized in that a fine dispersion water purification sludge is used as the pigment material in the proportion of 60 to 95% clay. and sand, 5-40% fine dispersion water treatment sludge. 2. Keraminių gaminių gavimo būdas pagal 1 punktą, besiskiriantis tuo, kad keičiant smulkiadispersinio vandens valymo dumblo kiekj formavimo mišinyje ir išdegant optimaliu degimo režimu, gaunami skirtingų savybių ir atspalvių keraminiai gaminiai.2. A process for the production of ceramic products according to claim 1, characterized in that varying the amount of fine-dispersed water treatment sludge in the formation mixture and firing in an optimal combustion mode results in ceramic products of different properties and shades.
LT2012052A 2012-06-29 2012-06-29 Method for producing ceramic products with fine dispersive supplement LT6032B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5175134A (en) 1990-09-12 1992-12-29 Senji Kaneko Ceramic tile produced from sludge slag
US5230845A (en) 1991-02-28 1993-07-27 Fujimi Ceramic Co., Ltd. Process for producing a ceramic product for use as a construction material
RU2346908C2 (en) 2007-01-09 2009-02-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Самарский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" (СГАСУ) Ceramic paste for ceramic brick manufacturing
RU2371417C2 (en) 2007-10-10 2009-10-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Тульский государственный университет (ТулГУ) Ceramic mixture

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5175134A (en) 1990-09-12 1992-12-29 Senji Kaneko Ceramic tile produced from sludge slag
US5230845A (en) 1991-02-28 1993-07-27 Fujimi Ceramic Co., Ltd. Process for producing a ceramic product for use as a construction material
RU2346908C2 (en) 2007-01-09 2009-02-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Самарский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет" (СГАСУ) Ceramic paste for ceramic brick manufacturing
RU2371417C2 (en) 2007-10-10 2009-10-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Тульский государственный университет (ТулГУ) Ceramic mixture

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