LT4700B - Cellulose ether slurries - Google Patents

Abstract

Slurries of water soluble cellulose ethers are disclosed. The slurries comprise particulate cellulose ethers in an oxygenated, organic carrier which is substantially a non-solvent for the cellulose ethers, a thickening agent and optionally surfactants and other ingredients. The ingredients contained in the slurries are compatible with the ingredients used in the manufacture of latex compositions, e.g., latex paints.

Description

The invention relates to suspensions of water-soluble polymers. More particularly, the invention relates to suspensions of water-soluble cellulose ethers obtained using oxidized organic carriers.

Cellulose ethers have found application in many applications. In the industry, cellulose ethers are used, for example, for viscosity adjustment, for suspension, oilfield drilling and suction materials, silicate foundation activators such as glass and ceramic panels, plastic and metal frame coatings, protective colloids and building materials such as wall finishes. in materials and latex cement additives. Conventional personal care applications include, for example, pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions, e.g. ointments, skin creams, lotions, soaps, shampoos, conditioners, etc.

One of the dominant applications of cellulose ethers is. their application in the latex industry, where cellulose ethers are used as thickeners. Cellulose ethers for latex paints generally give excellent consistency and other properties, while remaining inert to latex, surfactants and binders commonly used in latex paints.

Cellulose ethers, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, are generally commercially available in dry powder form. Prepared compositions containing cellulose ethers are generally in liquid form. Dry powdered cellulose ethers are usually incorporated into final liquid formulations using liquid product formulators. In general, solids are more difficult to dispense, dissolve, transport and store than liquids. Meanwhile, liquids dissolve more evenly and are easier to transport than solids.

Aqueous suspensions of cellulose ethers have been proposed to be used in combination with high concentrations of salts such as sodium formate, potassium carbonate or diammonium phosphate to significantly reduce the water solubility of cellulose ether and to form a suspension of cellulose ether particles in a carrier. However, these suspensions have not found widespread application in the latex industry, especially in the latex paint industry, since high salt concentration in the suspension is detrimental to the dried paint film as salt impairs air permeability, adhesion and water resistance.

Therefore, improved cellulose ether suspensions which do not require high salt concentrations to disperse the cellulose ether are desirable. In addition, it is desirable that the suspensions provide high concentrations of cellulose ether, e.g., above 30% by weight. It is also desirable that other ingredients in the suspension, such as a carrier, are compatible with each other and are effective in the final formulation in which the suspension is used.

The present invention relates to a suspension of cellulose ethers and methods of preparing and using cellulose ethers. The cellulose ether suspensions of the invention contain a cellulose ether and an oxidized organic carrier, the latter being substantially insoluble in cellulose ether. Cellulose ether suspensions of the invention may be formulated without the use of salt and water. Advantageously, the cellulose ether suspensions of the invention contain ingredients, such as oxidized organic carrier, thickener, surfactant, etc., which are commonly used in the preparation of latex compositions, such as paints. In addition, quite unexpectedly, in accordance with the invention, the use of organic can lead to significant changes in latex compositions compared to those prepared using hydrocarbons. Further changes in suspensions of the oxidized carrier, carriers such as more inventive kits, cellulose ether suspensions, can be handled with more efficient formulators and simpler equipment, and lower qualification requirements for personnel as compared to dry powder formulations. cellulose ethers.

Suitable cellulose ethers for use in the invention include etherified cellulose derivatives. Typical cellulose ethers include, for example, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcarboxylmethylcellulose, and the like. Preferred cellulose ethers are hydroxyethylcellulose and ethylhydroxyethylcellulose.

According to the invention, ethers having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule may be used as substituents for cellulose ether. It is common for the substituent to bind to the cellulose by reaction with alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide. Typically, the amount of the ether substituent per mole of cellulose ether is from 1.5 to 6, preferably from 2 to 4. Additional details relating to the production of such cellulose ethers are known to those skilled in the art.

In accordance with the present invention suitable for use in molecular weight cellulose ethers typically ranges from 10,000 to 2xlO ^s g / gmol, usually - from 70,000 to lxlO ^E g / gmol. The term molecular weight refers to the average molecular weight. Methods for determining the average molecular weight of cellulose ethers are known to those skilled in the art. One suitable method for molecular weight determination is the laser light scattering. The viscosity of cellulose ethers generally ranges from 5 to 6000 centipoise (0.005 to 6 Ns / m ² ), but is preferably from 100 to 300 'centipoise (0.1 to 0.3 Ns / m ² ). Unless otherwise stated, the term viscosity as used herein refers to the viscosity of a 1 wt% aqueous solution of a polymer recorded at 25 ° C on a Brookfield viscometer. Such viscosity measurement techniques are known and described in ASTM D 2364-89. The average particle size of the cellulose ethers is not critical, but preferably from 0.01 to 1000 microns, preferably from 50 to 400 microns.

Cellulose ethers may have one or more hydrophobic substituents. Such hydrophobic substituents are known and generally include alkyl, alkene, aryl-alkene or aryl-alkyl groups having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms per molecule. Such hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,282,877; 5120328 and 5504123 and European Patent Application No. 0384167 JV.

Typically, the degree of hydrophobic substituents in the cellulose ether is from 0.001 to 0.1, preferably from 0.004 to 0.05 moles of hydrophobic substituent per mole of cellulose ether. More than one hydrophobic substituent may be substituted in the cellulose ether, ensuring that the overall degree of substitution remains within the desired range.

What ionic type is represented by cellulose ether is not particularly important. However, it is generally desirable that the ionic charge be of the anionic, and preferably of the nonionic, type. Cationic cellulose ethers in latex compositions are least desirable as they can cause agglomeration and flocculation with anionic ingredients, dispersants, dispersants e.g. , anionic and sodium anionic polyacrylate maleic acid copolymer sulfosuccinate surfactants commonly found in latex compositions. Additional details regarding substituents and ionic modifications of cellulose ethers are known to those skilled in the art.

The cellulose ether derivatives of the invention are water soluble. The water-soluble term used in the text means that at least 1 g, and preferably at least 2 g, of a cellulose ether derivative can be dissolved in 100 g of distilled water at 25 ° C and 1 atmosphere. The degree of water solubility can be varied by adjusting the amount of ether substituent in the cellulose ether and manipulating the level of hydrophobic substituents, if any. Methods for adjusting the water solubility of cellulose ethers are known to those skilled in the art.

In the suspensions of the invention, the cellulose ether content is usually from 1 to 75% by weight, preferably from 5 to 60% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 60% by weight, and preferably from 30 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.

Cellulose ethers suitable for use in accordance with the invention are commercially available, e.g., from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT.

The oxidized organic carriers suitable for use in the present invention include any oxidized organic compounds that are not solvents with respect to the cellulose ether. The term insoluble refers to compounds that do not dissolve or appreciably degrade cellulose ether. Optimally, the oxidized organic solvents have 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule.

Preferably, the oxidized organic carrier is selected from the group consisting of ketones, carbonates, esters, alcohol esters, glycol ethers, glycols, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of suitable oxidized organic carriers include, for example, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone and methyl 1-n-propyl ketone; carbonates such as propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate; esters such as ethyl propionate and n-propyl propionate; alcohol esters such as 2-ethoxyethyl acetate e.g. ethyl CELLOSOLVE® acetate available from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT; diethyl glycol monobutyl ether acetate e.g. EASTMAN® DB acetate available from Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN, 2- ethoxyethyl acrylate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3 pentanediol mono-isobutyrate such as Texanol available from Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN or UCAR® Filmer IBT from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, 1,2-propanediol -mono-2-ethylhexanoate, e.g., SER-AD ™ FX 511, available from Huls America Ine., Somerset, NJ; glycol ethers such as di (propylene glycol) butyl ether such as PROPASOL available from Union Carbide

Corporation, Danbury, CT, di (propylene glycol) propyl ether, e.g. , propi1 PROPASOL, Corporation, e.g., butyl

Corporation, available from Union Carbide Danbury, CT, di (ethylene glycol) butyl ether, CARBITOL®, available from Union Carbide Danbury, CT, di (ethylene glycol) propyl ether, e.g., propylene CARBITOL available from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, ethylene glycol butyl ether e.g., butyl CELLOSOLVE from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, ethylene glycol ethyl ether such as ethyl CELLOSOLVE® from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, diethylene glycolmonium -? - hexyl ether such as UCAR Filmer ECH, available from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, ethylene glycol phenylether such as DOftANOL® EPh from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MT, propylene glycol phenylether, such as DOWANOL® PPh from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, monoglyme ( ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), and diglyme (27 methoxyethyl ether); and glycols such as hexylene glycol and butylene glycol. These oxidized solvents, many of which are used as binders in latex paints, are described, for example, in A. J. DeFusco, Modern Paint & Coatings, 56, November 1989.

Suitable amounts of oxidized organic carrier for use according to the present invention are generally 25-99% by weight, preferably up to 80% by weight, more preferably up to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.

in the calculation

The thickening agents of the present invention include any material which may thicken, be compatible with and do not react with the cellulose ether. Optimally, small amounts of a particular thickener exhibit a good thickening effect and / or ability to coat cellulose ether, thereby preventing the cellulose ether from being deposited over time when stored or transported. Preferably, thickeners are materials which are insoluble in the carrier and which contain at least one powder of a particular metal or non-metal oxide, such as silica, alumina, aluminum hydrate or clay, such as montmorillonite, atapulgite, hectorite and bentonite. mixtures. The thickeners may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic, i. i.e., the surface is modified with a hydrophobic agent. Some suitable thickeners are commercially manufactured (commercially available). Examples include organobentonite moles, e.g., BENTONE® SD-2 from Rheox Ine., Hightstown, NJ, evaporated hydrophilic silica, e.g., CAB-O-SIL® M-5, from Cabot Corporation, Tuscola, IL. , evaporated hydrophobic silica such as CAB-O-SIL® TS-530 from Cabot Corporation, Tuscola, IL and atapulgite clay such as ATTAGEL® from Engelhard Industries, Edison, NJ. More than one thickener may be used in accordance with the invention.

The thickener is dispersed in an oxidized organic carrier to thicken this liquid and usually the best results are obtained by dispersing the thickener under high shear conditions. A simple mixture of a low shear thickener and an oxidized organic carrier may not provide a viscosity peak for the liquid to prevent settling or peeling of the suspended cellulose ether. Cowles high shear mixers are preferred for the preparation of these suspensions, but other high shear mixers are also suitable.

The amount of thickening agent used in suspensions is generally from 0.1 to 10% by weight, but preferably from 1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.

In general, cellulose ether suspensions also contain a surfactant. A suitable surfactant is one that increases the solubility of the polymer, i. i.e., irrigation. The ionic surfactant carrier is not entirely unsuitable, but it is generally appropriate to use nonionic and anionic surfactants.

Suitable surfactants are examples of apima-114 available from Danbury, CT, commercially available (commercially available) octylphenol ethoxylates such as TRITON Union Carbide.

Their

Corporation, nomphenol ethoxylates, e.g., TERGITOL NP-10 from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, ethoxylated sorbitan esters, e.g., TWEEN® 60, obtained from ICI Incorporated, Nilmington, DE, primary alkyl alcohol ethoxylates, e.g. NEODOL® 25-12 from Shell Chemicals, Houston, TX, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymers, such as PLURONIC® P104 from BASF, Holland, MI, and polyethylene glycol alkyl esters.

The surfactant concentration in the suspensions used is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.

The suspensions of the invention may also contain additional ingredients known in the art such as biocides, dyes, coloring agents, aromatic substances, anti-foaming agents and the like. The amount of such ingredients is generally from 0 to 1% by weight, preferably from 5 to 5,000 parts by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension.

The suspensions of the invention may be prepared by mixing a cellulose ether, an oxidized organic carrier and a suitable thickener in a manner known to those skilled in the art. A suitable method for preparing the suspensions of the present invention involves the use of a certain thickener. dispersion in the oxidized organic carrier when the initial dispersion is formed, cellulose ether is added thereto to form a suspension. The surfactants and additional ingredients can be added at any convenient moment.

The suspensions of the invention are suitable when they are stable for at least one week, preferably at least two weeks, preferably at least one month. The term stable means that the cellulose ether particles will remain substantially dispersed in the oxidized organic carrier. Although some pelleting of the cellulose ether particles is possible, they can be readily dispersed by gentle agitation of the suspension.

Preferably, the viscosity of cellulose ether suspensions is between 100 and 5000 centipoise (0.8 to 40 Ns / m ² ), more preferably between 300 and 1000 centipoise (2.4 to 8 Ns / m ² ) at a shear rate of 10 It is also desirable that the suspensions of the invention have a viscosity such that they can be pumped and refilled.

It is good that the suspensions of the invention are free of salt, such as sodium formate, potassium carbonate or diammonium phosphate. It is also good when the suspensions are completely water free, i.e. i.e., anhydrous. Here, the term almost does not mean less than 5% by weight, well less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight, most preferably less than 0.5% by weight salt or water, if any.

Cellulose ether derivatives have many applications, for example in industry and personal care products. Typical industrial applications of cellulose ethers include, for example, viscosity regulators, suspension aids, oil field drilling and suction agents, silicate foundation adhesion activators such as glass and ceramic panels, coatings for plastic and metal frames, protective colloids and building coatings. use of materials such as wall finishes and latex cement additives. Typical uses for personal care include, for example, pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions such as ointments, skin creams, lotions, soaps, shampoos, conditioners and the like.

Cellulose ether derivatives find suitable applications in latex compositions as additives.

Typical latex compositions contain the following main components: water, latex polymer, and cellulose ether. The type and amount of latex polymer is not critical and can be regulated based on well-established procedures. Typical latex polymers include, but are not limited to, various types of materials: acrylics; alkyd; cellulose; coumaron-Indians; epoxy; esters; hydrocarbons; maleic melamines; natural resins; sakus; phenols; polyamide; polyester; rosin; silicone; styrene; terpenus; urea; urethanus; vinyl; vinyl acrylic; and etc. Exemplary latex polymers include, but are not limited to, one or more homo- or copolymers containing one or more of the following monomers: (meth) acrylates; vinyl acetate; styrene; ethylene; vinyl chloride; butadiene; vinylidene chloride; vinyl persatate; vinyl propionate; tert-butyl acrylate; acrylonitrile; neoprene; maleates; fumarates; and the like, including plasticised or other derivatives thereof.

The amount of cellulose ether that can be used in the latex composition is not strictly defined. In a broader sense, the amount of cellulose ether should be such that it effectively activates the formation of crosslinks so that the latex composition will optimally achieve the desired density and so forth. rheological properties. Most often the cellulose ether content of the latex composition is at least 0.05%, preferably 0.15 to 3%, preferably 0.25 to 1.5% by weight.

The latex polymer used in the latex composition and its amount are selected by those skilled in the art and are not strictly limited. Generally, the dry latex polymer will be present in an amount of at least 1, preferably 2 to 50, preferably 3 to 40% by weight, based on the total latex composition.

The latex composition may not necessarily contain other components, such as those commonly used in latex compositions. Typically, the components include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: solvents, such as aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, glycols, glycol ethers, nitroparaffin pigments; fillers, dryers, leveling agents;

ketones, etc .;

thin ficators; surfactant other polymeric stabilizers; dispersants; materials; thickeners, including additives, cellulose ether based thickeners and the like; suspending agents; flow control agents; anti-foaming agents; anti-film agents; preservatives; fillings; thin-film forming agents; other structuring agents; surface additives; corrosion inhibitor; and other ingredients used in latex compositions.

The details of preparing latex compositions are known to those skilled in the art. Suspensions of cellulose ethers of the present invention may be incorporated into latex paints, e.g. i.e., the pigment grinding step, the dilution step, or both.

It has been found quite unexpectedly that the use of an organic oxidized carrier can provide significant beneficial changes in the composition of the latex compared to suspensions prepared with other carriers, such as hydrocarbons. Specifically, suspensions derived from liquid hydrocarbons such as crude oil, mineral oils, greases, diesel fuels, and TELURA® 415 hydrocarbon oils (from Εχχοη Chemical Company, Houston, TX) are undesirable when suspensions are added to latex compositions as follows. as described previously. These hydrocarbons do not bind latex to the dried film of the paint, and as a result are poorly compatible with most latex paint ingredients (including water), prone to phase separation from aqueous systems, and have an unpleasant odor.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all percentages are by weight.

Examples

In the examples, notations and abbreviations mean:

TAMOL® 731 Dispersant

KTPP

TERGITOL® MP-10 surfactant

COLLOIDS® 643 Anti-Foam AMP-95

TI-PURE R-931 Mineral Rutile

SATINTONE # 1 calcined clay

SNOWFLAKE WHITE® Calcium Carbonate

UCAR® 6379 vinyl acrylic latex

UCAR® Filmer IBT

Anionic polymeric dispersant available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia, PA

Potassium tripolyphosphate obtained from FMC, Philadelphia, PA.

Nonylphenol ethoxylate nonionic surfactant available from Union Carbide, Danbury, CT.

Silica / petroleum dispersion obtained from Rhone-Poulenc, Kennesaw, GA.

2-Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol available from Angus Chemical Company, Buffalo Grove,

IL.

Titanium dioxide (mineral rutile), obtained from DuPont, Wilmington, DE.

Aluminum silicate available from Engelhard Industries, Edison, NJ.

Calcium carbonate obtained from ECC America, Sylacauga, AL.

Vinyl acetate / butyl acrylate copolymer latex available from UCAR 'Emulsion Systems, Cary, NC.

2,2,4 - Trimeti 1-1,3 pentanediolmonoisobutyrate available from Union Carbide, Danbury, CT.

TRITON® GR-7M Surfactant

TAMOL® 960 Dispersant

NOPCO® ΝΧΖ anti-foaming agent

TRITON® CF-10 Surfactant

TI-PURE® R-902 Mineral Rutile

Zinc Oxide, XX 631 R

Silver Bond B ^iM silica

ATTAGEL® 50 Clay

UCAR® 624 Acrylic Latex

SKANE® M-8 biocide

KILLED® 95 biocide

TI-PURE® R-900 Mineral Rutile

TAMOL® SG-1 Dispersant

SYLOID® 244 amorphous silicon

Sodium sulfosuccinate anionic surfactant available from Union Carbide, Danbury, CT.

Anionic polymeric dispersant available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia,

PA.

Silica / oil dispersion available from Henkel Corporation, Amber, PA.

Alkylaryl polyether nonionic surfactant available from Union Carbide, Danbury, CT.

Titanium dioxide (mineral rutile), obtained from DuPont, Wilmington, DE.

Zinc Corporation of America, Palmerton, PA.

Silica obtained from Unimin Specialty Minerals, Havelock, Ontario (Canada).

Atapulgite clay obtained from Engelhard Industries, Edison, NJ.

Acrylate ester copolymer latex available from UCAR® Emulsion Systems,

Cary, NC.

2-n-Octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, EPA Registration 707-100-AA, available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia, PA.

Bicyclic Oxazolidine, EPA Registration 1100-82, available from Huls America, Piscataway, NJ.

Titanium dioxide (mineral rutile), obtained from DuPont, Wilmington, DE.

Anionic polymeric dispersant available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia, PA.

Silica obtained from Davison Chemical, Division of W.R. Grace, Baltimore, MD.

dioxide

RHOPLEK® AC-417 M Acrylic Latex

CELLOSIZE® HEC

CELLOSIZE® HM HEC 200

NATROSOL® Plus 330 HMHEC

NATROSOL® 250 H4BR HEC

BERMOCOLL® EBS 481 FQ EHEC

Acrylic ester copolymer latex available from Rohm & Haas, Philadelphia, PA.

Hydroxyethylcellulose polymer available from Union Carbide, Danbury, CT.

Experimental alkylaryl-modified hydroxyethyl cellulose containing 3.5 EO MS and 0.01 hydrophobic DS.

Linear Hexadecyl Modified Hydroxyethyl Cellulose with 3.5 EO MS and 0.01 Hydrophobic DS, available from Aqualon Company, Wilmington, DE.

Enzyme-Resistant Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Polymer Available from Aalualon Company, Wilmington, DE.

Enzyme-resistant ethylhydroxyethylcellulose polymer available from Berol Nobel AB, Stenungsund, Sweden.

These procedures define for evaluation:

Viscosity of flow:

ICI viscosity:

Impact resistance: · Alignment:

Spot resistance:

tests used for latex paint

ASTM Method D 562-81.

Viscosity as measured by the poozes in the final latex paint composition using an ICI Cone and Plate viscometer, Model VR-4000. ASTM Method D 4287-88.

ASTM Method D 4400-84.

ASTM Method D 4062-81.

ASTM Method D 4707-87.

example

The suspension is obtained by mixing 14.0 g of UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 1.0 g of BENTONE® SD-2 organobentonite clay using a Cowles dispersant (10 min, 2000 rpm).

Adds 6.0 g CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-52MH and 4000 rpm. with stirring for 10 min, then 0.3 g of TERGITOL® NP-10 surfactant is added and the mixture is stirred for another 10 min. agitated (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 28.2% HEC and

65.7% UCAR® Filmer IBT.

example

The suspension is obtained by mixing 14.0 g of UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 1.0 g of BENTONE® SD-2 organobentonite clay using a Cowles dispersant (10 min, 2000 rpm). Adds 6.0 g CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-52MH and 4000 rpm. with stirring for 10 min, then 0.6 g of TERGITOL® NP-10 surfactant is added and the mixture is stirred for another 10 min. agitated (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a yellow-brown liquid suspension containing 27.8% HEC and

64.8% UCAR® Filmer IBT.

example

Performs the procedure of Example 1 except that CELLOSIZE® HEC is used instead of CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-52MH

ER-52M.

example

The procedure of Example 1 is followed except that CELLOSIZE® HEC ER-52M is used instead of CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-52MH.

5-20 Examples

Suspensions of Examples 1-4 are used to obtain the latex paint. Control experiments are performed using latex dyes prepared using the appropriate powdered cellulose ether polymers as shown in Tables 1,2 and 3. In the case of suspensions, the general procedure used in latex paint preparation is the same as using the same solid cellulose ether polymer, and the amount of UCAR® Filmer IBT added during the deposition step has been reduced to compensate for UCAR® Filmer IBT added to the suspension, and the overall UCAR® Filmer IBT would remain the same.

The latex paint compositions used in Examples 5-20 are shown in Tables 1,2 and 3. Table 1 shows an internal (for interior use) vinyl acrylic matte paint where the cellulose ether / cellulose ether suspension is added in the pigment grinding step. Table 2 shows an exterior (for exterior applications) acrylic leveling paint, wherein the cellulose ether / cellulose ether suspension is added in portions at both the pigment grinding stage and the dilution stage. Table 3 shows the internal acrylic semi-gloss paint where the total amount of cellulose ether / cellulose ether suspension is added at the dilution stage.

table

Examples 5-10

Internal vinyl-acrylic screeds

Pigment shredding Mass of powdered HEC (cr) Suspension- j Hš mass (s) 1 2 3 Water 100.0 100.0 TAMOL® 731 Dispersant 4.2 4.2 ET P P 0.2 5 0.25 TERGITOL® IIP-10 nonylphenol ethoxylate 1.0 1.0 COLLOIDS ¹ ”643 anti-foaming agent 1.25 1.25 1IUOSEPT ™ 95 Biocide 1.0 1.0 HEC dry powder 3.0 -

1 2 3 HEC Example 2 suspension - 10.0 AMP.-95 0.5 0.5 Water 70.0 70.0 Stirring for 5 min. Propanediol 9.0 9.0 TI-PURE® R-931 Mineral Rutile 75 75 SATINTONE # 1 calcined clay 62.5 62.5 SNOWFLAKE WHITE Calcium Carbonate 100 100 Water 10.0 10.0 Grind for 30 min. Dilution UCAR® Latex 6379 112.5 112.5 UCAR® Filmer IBT 6.0 - TRITON® GR-7M Surfactant 0.5 0.5 COLLOIDS ¹ ”643 anti-foaming agent 1.25 1.25 Water 20.0 20.0 Total 577.95 g 578.95

table

Examples 11-13

Exterior acrylic tinting

Pigment shredding Powder mass of HEC in g Suspension HEC mass (g) 1 2 3 (Pre-mixed powder 1.00 - HEC and propanediol) 10.0 HEC Example 4 suspension - 3.60 Propanediol - 10.0 TAMOL® 960 Dispersant 3.95 3.95 ET P P 0.75 0.75 NOPCO ™ ΝΧΖ anti-foaming agent 0.5 0.5 TRITON® CF-10 Surface 1.25 1.25

activity substance

1 2 3 Water 79 79 TI-PURE® R-902 Mineral Rutile 85 85 Zinc oxide 25th 25th Silica, Silver Bond B ™ 104 104 Grind 5 min. ATTAGEL ™ 50 Clay Grind for 10-15 min 5.0 5.0 Dilution UCAR® Latex 624 223 223 NOPCO ^1M NXZ Anti-Foam 1.0 1.0 UCAR® Filmer IBT 6.7 2.04 Propanediol 24th 24th SKANE ¹ ”M-8 biocide 1.0 1.0 2% HEC from powder and water 50.25 - HEC Example 4 suspension - 3.60 Water - 49.0 Total 621.40 g 621.69 g

table 17-20 examples

Inside semi-gloss white

Pigment shredding Powder Suspens in the form of HEC KEC ma s. (g i mass (g; 1 2 3 Propanediol 40.0 40.0 TAMOL® SG-1 4.25 4.25 Nopco ΝΧΖ anti-foaming agent 1.00 1.00 TI-PURE® R-900 Mineral Rutile 120.0 120.0 SYLOID® 244 amorphous silicon 12.5 12.5

dioxide

1 2 3 Water Grinding 20 min 12.5 12.5 Dilution RHOPLEK® AC-417M (48% Solids) 250.0 250.0 Nopco ΝΧΖ anti-foaming agents 1.35 1.35 Propanediol 5.00 5.00 UCAR® Filmer IBT 10.80 8.17 Nausept ^1M 95 biocide 1.00 1.00 TRITON® GR-7M Surfactant 0.25 0.25 2.1% powdered HEC aqueous solution 84.5 - HEC Figure 15. suspension - 4.49 Water - 82.0 Total 543.15 g 542.51 g

Examples 5-7

Internal smoothing with UCAR® latex 6379 vinyl acrylic latex containing 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of QP-52MH HEC for 100 gallons (378.5 L). The rheological test for both suspensions is identical to the powdered QP-52MH (see Table 4) test.

table

Rheological test

The parameter Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 '-Cl-ElL Suspension of 1 Suscens p, v Z. e.g. 1 2 3 4 Takumo viscosity 85 eu 84 EU 86 EU ICI viscosity 1.2 P 1.2 P 1.2 P Resistance 14th 15th 14th

for running

3 Leneta 1 2 Alignment

Resistance to 7 dots

8-9 Examples

Internal alignment with UCAR® latex 6379 vinyl acrylic

latex, there) .the 6 lbs (2.72 kg) E ; r-52M HEC 100 gallons (378.5 1). Both suspensions in latex paint rheological test identical to powder (see Table 5) for the test. Table 5 Rheological test in the form of ER-52M The parameter Example 8 Powder in the form of ER-52M Example 9 A suspension from e.g. Example 10 Suspension of 4 e.g. Takumo viscosity 83 EU 85 KU 83 EU ICI viscosity 1.2 P 1.2 P 1.2 P Resistance for running 16th 13th 14th Leneta smoothing 1 1 1 Resistance for spotting 6th 6th 6th

Examples 11-13

External acrylic smoothing with UCAR? 'Latex 624 acrylic latex containing 4 lbs (1.81 kg) EP-52y. HEC per 100 gallons (378.5 1). The rheological test for both suspensions in latex paint is identical to the powdered ER-52V (see Table 6).

table

Rheological test

The parameter Example 11 Powder form ER-52M Example 12 A suspension of e.g. Example 13? Suspension of 4 e.g. Takumo viscosity 91 KU 90 KU 91 KU ICI viscosity 1.1 p 1.1 P 1.2 P Resistance for running 15th 15th 15th Leneta smoothing 2 2 2 Resistance 1 1 1

spotting example

The suspension is obtained by mixing 36.0 g of UCAR Filmer IBT solvent and 0.6 g of CAB-O-SIL® M-5 evaporated hydrophilic silica for 5 min. dispersant on Cowles dispersant. 24.0 g of CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-4400H are added and the mixture is further stirred for 5 min. The resulting suspension is 39.6% HEC.

example

The suspension is obtained by mixing 36.0 g of UCAR Filmer IBT solvent and 0.6 dioxide for 5 min.

g of CAB-O-SIL® M-5 dispersed silicon in a Cowles dispersant. 24.0 g of CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-4400H are added and the mixture is stirred for an additional 5 min. 0.9 g of TERGITOL * NP-10 surfactant is added and the mixture is stirred for at least min. The resulting suspension is 39.0% HEC.

example

The suspension is obtained by mixing 36.0 g of UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 0.6 g of CAB-O-SIL® M-5 evaporated hydrophilic silica for 5 min. dispersing with a Cowles dispersant. 24.0 g of CELLOSIZE® HEC QP-4400H are added and the mixture is stirred for 5 min. 1.8 g of TERGITOL NP-10 surfactant are added and the mixture is stirred for at least 1 min. The resulting suspension is 38.5% HEC. After three days, only the suspensions of samples 14-16 showed a moderate degree of separation (the suspension had 3-4 mm clear liquid on the surface and was easily dispersed again).

17-20 Examples

Internal acrylic semi-gloss with RHOPLEK® AC-417M acrylic latex containing 3.5 pounds (1.59 kg) of QP-4400H HEC for 100 gallons (378.5 1). The rheological test for three suspensions in latex paint and the mirror gloss properties of the dried paint are identical to those of the powdered QP-4400H (see Table 7).

table

Rheological test The parameter 17 e.g. 18 e.g. 19 e.g. 2C e.g. Powder Suspension Suspension Suspension in the form of QP-44ūūH of 14 e.g. of 15 e.g. of 16 e.g. 1 2 3 4 5 Takumo viscosity 89 KU 90 KU 90 KU 90 KU ICI viscosity 1.4 P 1.3 P 1.4 P 1, 3P Resistance for running 19th 19th 20th 19th Leneta alignment 2 2 2 2 Resistance 1 1 1 1

for spotting

24th LT 4700 1 2 3 4 5 85 radiance 44.6 45.1 46.2 46.8 60 shine 31.9 31.9 32.8 32.5 21st example The suspension is obtained 10 min to Cowles in a dispersant while stirring 42, 0 g UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 3.0 g BENTONE® SD-2

of organobentonite clay (2000 rpm). 18.0 g of NATP.OSOL® '250 H4BP are added. HEC and mixture for 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. 1.80 g of TEP.GITOL® NP-10 surfactant are added and the mixture is stirred again for 10 min. (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 27.8% UCAR® Filmer

IBT.

example

The procedure of Example 21 is followed except that BERMOCOLL® EBS 481 is used in place of NATP.OSOL® 250 H4BR HEC. The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 27.8% EHEC and 64.8% UCAR® Filmer IBT.

Examples 23-26

External Acrylic Leveling UCAR.® Latex 624 Acrylic Latex Containing 4 lbs (1.81 kg) NATP.OSOL '' HEC or BERMOCOLL® EHEC 100 t.u. gallon (378.5 1). The P. alogical test for two suspensions in latex paint is identical to the powdered ER-52M test (see Table 8).

table

Rheological test

The parameter 23 e.g. Powder in the form of 250 K4BR 2 4 example Suspension from 21 e.g. 25 e.g. Powder in the form of EBS 481 FQ 26 e.g. Suspension from 22 e.g. Takumo viscosity 82 KU 86 KU 88 KU 89 KU ICI viscosity 1.0 P 1.2 P 1.0 P 1.5 P Resistance for running 15th 15th 14th 15th Leneta smoothing 2 3 2 2 Resistance 2 2 1 1

spotting example Suspension is obtained (2000 rpm) Cowles ® min.

36.0 g UCAR ' ⁶ ' butyl DIPROPASOL solvent and 3.0 g BENTOME® SD-2 organobentonite clay in a dispersant. Added 24.0 g of CELLOSIZE ® HEC QP-4400H and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. speed. The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 38.1% HEC and 57.1% UCAR® butyl DIPROPASOL.

example

The suspension is obtained in 10 min 2000 rpm Cowles in a dispersant while stirring 36.0 g UCAR butyl DIPROPASOL of solvent and 6.0 g. CAB-O-SIL® M - 5 of silica.

Added 24.0 g of CELLOSIZE ® HEC QP-4400H and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. followed by addition of 1.80 g of TERGITOL® tlP-10 surfactant and 10 min. stirring (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 38.5% HEC and 57.7% UCAR® butyl DIPROPASOL.

example

The procedure of Example 28 is followed except that 36.0 g of EASTMAN® DB acetate solvent are used in place of 36.0 UCAR® butyl DIPROPASOL solvent. The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 38.5% HEC and 57.7% EASTMAN® DB acetate. After three days, the suspensions of Example 27-29 showed very slight delamination and remained fluid and liquid.

example

The suspension is obtained for 10 min. (2000 rpm) in a Cowles dispersant with stirring 18.0 g UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 1.5 g BENTONE® SD-2 organobentonite clay. 12.0 g of hydroxyethyl guar are added and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. followed by addition of 0.9 g of TERGITOL® NP-10 surfactant and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. The resulting mixture is a yellow-brown viscous suspension containing 37.0% hydroxyethyl guar and 55.6% UCAR® Filmer IBT.

31-34 Examples

Internal smoothing with UCAR® latex 6397 vinyl acrylic latex containing 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of hydroxyethylguar per 100 gallons (378.5 1) and outer acrylic smoothing with UCAR® latex 624 acrylic latex containing 4 pounds (1 , 81 kg) of hydroxyethyl guar per 100 gallons (378.5 L). The rheological tests for the suspensions in both latex paints are identical to the powdery hydroxyethyl guar assay (see Table 9).

table

Rheological test 31 e.g. 32 e.g. 3 3 example 34 e.g. The parameter Vini.1 acrylic with UCAR ^4, Acrylic with UCAR * 624 6397 Powder Suspension Powder Suspension in the form of KE of 30 e.g. in the form of HE of 30 e.g. guara guara Takumo viscosity 86 EU 86 KU 94 KU 95 KU ICI viscosity 1.2 P 1.2 P 1.6 P 1.4 P Resistance for running 9th 10th 25th 16th The alignment attempt Leneta ^r 2 3 2 2 Resistance for spotting 1 1 1 1 Example 35 Suspension yields 10 min (2000 rpm .) Cowles in a dispersant while stirring 36.0 g UCAR ' ® Filmer IBT solvent and 3.0 g BENTONE® SD-2 organobentonite clay. Added

24.0 g CELLOSIZE ® HEC QP-4400H and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. followed by addition of 0.9 g of TERGITOL® IIP-10 surfactant and 10 min. stirring (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 37.6% HEC and 56.3% UCAR®

Filmer IBT. The viscosity of this suspension, as measured by a Haake viscometer, was about 170 centipoise (0.17 Ns / m 2) at 1200 s' ¹ and about 615 centipoise (0.615 ls / n /) at 10 s ¹ .

example

The procedure of Example 31 is repeated except that 0.60 g of CAB-O (g) is used instead of 3.0 g of BENTONE® SD-2 clay.

SIL M-5 silica. The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 39.0% HEC and 58.5% UCAR® Filmer IBT. The viscosity of this suspension, as measured by a Haake viscometer, was about 125 centipoise (0.125 Us / m ² ) at 1200 s' ¹ and about 317 centipoise (0.370 Us / m 2) at 10 s ¹ .

example

The suspension is obtained for 10 min. (2000 rpm) in a Cowles disperser with stirring 18.0 g UCAR® Filmer IBT solvent and 0.30 g CAB-O-SIL® M-5 silica. Add 12.0 g CELLOSIZE ® HM HEC 200 and 10 min. stirring at 4,000 rpm. followed by addition of 0.9 g of TERGITOL® NP-10 surfactant and the mixture for 10 min. stirring (4000 rpm). The resulting mixture is a tan liquid suspension containing 38.5% HMHEC and 57.7% UCAR® Filmer IBT.

example

The procedure of Example 37 is repeated except that 12.0 g of NATROSOL® Plus 330 HMHEC is used in place of 12.0 g CELLOSIZE® HM HEC 200.

39-42 Examples

Outer acrylic smoothing with UCAR® latex 624 acrylic latex containing 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of NATROSOL® Plus 330 HMHEC or CELLOSIZE® HM HEC 200 for 100 gallons (378.5 1). Rheological tests of two suspensions in latex paint identical in powder form; HMHEC polymer tests (see Table 10).

table

Rheological test The parameter 3 9 e.g. Powder in the form of HMHEC 200 40 e.g. Suspension of 37 e.g. 4 1 p · v z. Powdered MATROSOL® Flus 330 4 2 Example Suspension from 3S e.g. Takumo viscosity 93 EU 93 EU 103 EU 105 EU ICI viscosity 1.7 p 1.8 p 1.8 p 1.6 P Resistance for running 25th 20th 25th 24th Leneta smoothing 3 3 2 1 Resistance for spotting 8th 8th 8th 8th The invention of Hors is described with reference to specific aspects for professionals it is clear that can be touch and

other aspects falling outside the scope of the invention.

For example, other water soluble polysaccharides, including natural, biosynthetic, and derived carbohydrate polymers, or mixtures thereof may be used by those skilled in the art in addition to the cellulose ether described herein. Such materials include high molecular weight polymers consisting of monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. These materials may be, for example, whole starches and cellulose families; pectin; chitosan; chitin; seaweed products such as agar and carrageenan; alginate; natural resins such as guar, such as hydroxyethyl guar, gum arabic and tragacanth; bio-derived resins such as xanthan; and etc. The description herein as to cellulose ethers may also be applicable to other polysaccharides.

Claims (11)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. A suspension composition comprising: (a) from 1 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of a water-soluble polysaccharide having a particle size of 0.01 to 1000 microns and an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 2 x ^{10 6} g / gmol; b) from 25 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of an oxidized organic carrier which is at least substantially insoluble in the polymer; and c) 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of a thickener; and suspension composition (I) is practically free from salt; (ii) has practically no water; and (iii) remains stable for at least a week. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidized organic carrier is effective in increasing the viscosity and film formation of the latex composition containing the suspension. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the oxidized organic carrier is selected from the group consisting of ketones, carbonates, esters, alcohol esters, glycol ethers, glycols, and mixtures thereof. 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the oxidized organic carrier has from 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule. 5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polysaccharide is a cellulose ether. 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the cellulose ether is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcarboxymethylcellulose, and mixtures thereof. 7. The composition of claim 5, wherein the cellulose ether is hydrophobically modified by alkyl, alkene, aryl, alkyl-aryl or alkenyl-aryl. 8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the thickener is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, moles, and mixtures thereof. 9. The composition of claim 1, further comprising from 0.1 to 10% by weight of surfactant, based on the total weight of the suspension. 10. A method of preparing a suspension composition comprising mixing: (a) from 1 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of a water-soluble polysaccharide having a particle size of 0.01 to 1000 microns and an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 2 x ^{10 6} g / gmol; b) from 25 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of an oxidized organic carrier which is at least substantially insoluble in the polymer; and c) 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the suspension, of a specific thickener; and suspension composition (i) practically free from salt; (ii) has practically no water; and (iii) remains stable for at least a week. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the thickener is dispersed in the oxidized organic carrier to form an initial dispersion and adds the polysaccharide to the initial dispersion to form a suspension.