LT4494B - METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE FORMATION OF MINERAL WALL PLATES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacture of mineral wool plates, at least one edge of which is softer than the remaining parts of the plate. This is provided in that several discrete deformations are made along said at least one edge, which deformations are separated from each other by non-deformed portions.

Description

Mineral wool boards are usually used as insulation boards in the building frame. In order to avoid cracking and poor installation of mineral wool in the workplace, attempts are made to adapt the dimensions of mineral wool panels already during their manufacture. This is often possible because in today's construction industry, dimensional accuracy is high.

The disadvantage of this dimensional adjustment is that the mineral wool panels are available in several standard sizes designed for the same purpose. This is particularly the case for the application of panels to cavity cavities of various lengths. Therefore, it is desirable that mineral wool slabs be manufactured adapted to be installed in several sections of a building frame of different widths or lengths or in sections of a width and length within a certain range. Adapting the size obtained by slicing the boards involves a lot of work and leads to material waste and sometimes dust formation.

To meet these wishes, there are several different solutions to the problem. A further attempt at solving the problem is given in DE 32 03 624 which discloses panels which are divided into two parts by an oblique or almost oblique crossing line. By spacing the two parts relative to each other, the panels can be filled with different frame widths with minimal material waste.

Another attempt to solve the problem is based on the idea of softening mineral wool boards by treating one or more edges of the board. A mineral wool board is made up of a large number of individual fibers of different lengths and diameters. The mineral wool plate, which has a constant structure, bearing in mind that the inertia plate has a predetermined shape and that the plate retains said shape, has a binder for the mineral wool material. Said binder is generally in the form of drops of thermosetting rubber and adheres the fibers to each other at the points where the fibers contact each other. The softening, which may be effected, acts on the panels in such a way that several of said bonding points are destroyed.

Examples of these techniques are shown in DE G 81 27 196.4 and DE G 81 38 598.6, which describe various devices for continuous edge angling or coiling.

DE 32 03 622 describes how one or more edges are exposed or wrapped by pressure rollers or endless strips. The deformation of the peripheral area or areas of the pressure plate may be used more frequently than the said rollers or strips.

The patent description contains an erroneous reference to the nature of hysteresis, which is typical of mineral wool with binder. It is stated that the processing can be so strong that "in the material, the fiber connection has a normal hysteresis loop on the outside". Without defining the word "ordinary", the precision found in definition 5 is meaningless. However, the nature of hysteresis is defined by the phenomenon where mineral wool, which is compressed between two panels, after some slight deformation, presses less on the panels than was necessary to compress mineral wool so heavily. Of course, this does not solve the problem discussed in the said patents. It is, of course, not intended to reduce the elastic restorative force other than the pressure required for compression. In fact, the opposite is true, namely that the maximum elastic restorative force is required for each deformation pressure, so that the mineral wool slab that is installed in the building frame is held securely even when the frame is part of the ceiling structure.

Another patent publication in this field is EP 436,681. This patent refers to DE 32 03 622 and states that the method according to the aforementioned DE patent does not provide sufficient strength to uncouple fiber joints. EP 436 681 additionally incorporates the critique of the invention according to DE 32 03 622.

EP 436 681 also proposes that the mineral wool board be reinforced and compressed during the felting process. It is this process of felting which involves many deformations, especially in the two stages, which results in a greater number of deformations in the first stage than in the second stage, since the depth of the felting must be greater in the second stage than in the first stage.

WO 94/19555 offers coarse molding as a way to place continuous softer parts on a mineral wool board. However, there is no precise indication of how these parts are obtained, but it emphasizes that the softened areas must be continuous. Depths in softened areas are also mentioned.

Mineral wool boards have a very variable recovery capacity after their deformation. Among other things, this is because several fibers have not only been bent, but have also been repositioned within the structure. In the case of acceptable deformation, such layouts are considered to be more directed to the fibers or portions of the fibers which are not fixed by the binders. Nevertheless, the use of an acceptable amount of binder is believed to affect many fibers. In the case of stronger deformation, several fiber joint points are broken. In this way, the fibers that are initially trapped in the binder structure can also change their positions.

Machining to break the bends in the manner described above leads to compaction of the structure. It also leads to loss of product volume and local density. Neither of the two secondary effects mentioned above has any application and both are unnecessary. All the softening techniques just described cause the aforementioned losses.

Thus, using the softening methods described above, the loss is that a part of the width / length is lost if the mineral wool material is not completely elastic. The result is a permanent deformation which grows the more the edge is softened.

The present invention provides for the possibility of crag softening of a mineral wool slab so that the slab can be easily compressed so that it is inserted into a building frame cavity that is narrower or shorter than the original dimensions of the slab and further that said softening does not result in any significant residual deformation. The invention is based on a careful analysis of the problem, the disadvantages of the solutions described above, and the numerous tests and measurements. The study of structural bonding in mineral wool panels in which the fibers are substantially lengthwise oriented in the panel plane was an important starting point for the invention.

According to the invention, one or more areas of the edge of the mineral wool board are softened by mechanical processing, the processing being performed in several separate locations along the edge, leaving the middle parts untreated.

In this way, acceptable softening can be obtained without significantly changing the dimensions of the panels. The reason for this is that the original dimensions are guaranteed by the untreated parts, since the middle machined parts, depending on their partial machining, give such a high level of softening that the total pressure required for some deformations of the plate as a result is still acceptable.

Due to the complexity of the mineral wool slab structure, it is not possible to explain why interrupting machining leaving untreated slabs is better than continuous slab machining.

The plates should be compressed before machining to achieve the optimum effect. The compression should be at least 20%, preferably 30%, and it is reasonable to carry out the processing after the plates have accumulated, and also preferably when they are already wrapped in packaging material such as plastic film.

Preferably, the processing is carried out as follows: the elongated deformation devices are pressed against the edge or edges of the mineral wool slabs. As a result, said deformation devices must be oriented mainly perpendicular to the plane of the beams of the panels, which generally coincides with the plane of those panels.

Preferably, the deformation devices have a rounded cross-sectional shape and should move mainly perpendicularly inwards and outwards with respect to planar edge surfaces.

If two opposite edges are to be machined, it is better that it can be done at the same time.

The embossing depth selected and also, to some extent, the embossing intervals depend on the degree of softening expected.

In order to obtain the intended machining, there should be some relationship between the strain depth and the width of the strainer, at a ratio of at least 1, preferably at least 2.

It has been shown that good results are obtained with 8 to 16 indentations per meter and with deformation devices having a width less than 80% of the distance between the centers of imprinting. A circumferential deformation device with a diameter of 35 mm has been shown to give good results.

Nevertheless, a satisfactory result is usually obtained by a single unit machining, in some cases it may be necessary to accomplish it in two deformation steps. Therefore, it is important that the central portion of the untreated edge area is uncompressed during such a second deformation, and that mainly only those portions that have already been compressed during the first compression step are compressed.

The invention also encompasses an apparatus for performing the above-mentioned method. A particularly suitable device is obtained by joining two or more deformation devices on a common axis perpendicular to the mineral plane of the wool board and to the plane by which said boards are conveyed by a certain type of conveyor. Therefore, said axis should be spaced so far away from the plates that the deformation means press into the edges of the plates at an appropriate depth. The position of this axis relative to the conveyor should be easily adjustable.

In the case where the two opposing edges are to be machined, it is preferable to work with two deformation means acting together, one deformation means on each side of the conveyor.

The invention is further explained in the drawings of FIGS. 1 through 4, FIG. 1 shows a device for carrying out the method of the invention. FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the deformation means. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing the effect of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a side view and a top view of an embodiment of the invention. In this figure, standard elements such as actuators, which are not essential to the invention, are omitted.

The drawing shows how a plurality of packets 1 consisting of a plurality of mineral wool plates 2 encased in a plastic film 3 are moved in the direction of the arrows by a conveyor belt 4 which rests on the rollers 5 and passes over the drive rollers 6 and the turning rollers 7. a top conveyor belt 8 having a support roller 9, a drive roller 10 and a pivot roller 11 is shown. The upper conveyor belt 8 is adjustable by means not shown in the drawing so that its distance to the lower conveyor belt 4 can be varied. Typically, said top conveyor belt 8 is in a position where the packets, shown as packet 1 in the drawing, are pressed as they slide between conveyor belts 4 and 8, as shown in the side view. Conveyor belts 4 and 8 move at the same speed.

Two pairs of deformation means 12A, 12B, 13A, 13B are mounted perpendicular to the plane of the conveyor belt. Each of these deformation means has an axis 14 on which are mounted two elongated connecting plates, an upper connecting plate 15 and a lower connecting plate 16. Both deforming devices 17 and 18 are rotatable between said plates 15 and 16 parallel to the axis 14 and at the same distance from the axis 14. her. The deformation devices are formed as metal tubes having a diameter of 35 mm.

The axes 14 are rotated, as shown by the arrows, by a device not shown in the figure such that the circumferential velocity of the deformation devices corresponds to the velocity of the conveyor belts 4 and 8. The axes are also mounted depending on the mineral wool plate packages 1 which move between the conveyor belts 4 and 8 so that said deformation devices are pressed into the plate packages when said packages move through respective deformation means.

The distance between the deformation means 12A, 13A and 12B, 13B is respectively adjusted such that the pair of deformation means 13A,

13B contacts the packets 1 substantially between the locations where the pair of deformation means 12A, 12B contacts the packets.

In order to process packing panels having different heights, it is possible to either replace the deformation means with means having a higher or lower working height, or to make said deformation means adjustable by forming several parts telescopically adjustable relative to each other.

If it is decided to reduce the distance between the workpiece edges of the panel to obtain a more effective effect without being pressed deeper, each deformation means may be formed from several deformation tubes, for example three tubes, as shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. The axis 2 19 has two pairs of three-position connecting plates 20 to which three tubular deformation devices 21 are connected.

FIG. 3 illustrates the effect of the invention. The vertical axis of the diagram defines the load applied to the plate when its edge is subjected to a load. The horizontal axis defines the dimensions of the mineral wool slab in the direction of load application to the slab. The diagram should be considered as a principle diagram since the relationship between strain and strain varies strictly depending on the degree of orientation, binder density and quantity, fiber diameter, fiber distribution, and several other parameters.

Continuous line curve A illustrates the situation during subsequent deformation of the raw mineral wool board. As the load increases, the deflection also increases dramatically at first, but gradually becomes almost constant so that the load / deflection curve appears more linear at moderate loads. The curve A illustrates this up to the point P, so that the point P is on the part of the curve where the load / strain dependence is still substantially linear.

The point P also represents the degree of deformation required by the plate according to the invention to exhibit a corresponding increase in flexibility.

If the load is now reduced to zero, various situations show dependence on the above parameters and, importantly in this case, dependence on the type of deformation that has been applied to the plate edge. In the case where the whole edge is under pressure and deformed, the unloaded phase is represented by curve B. That is, each point of curve B below point P provides a lower elastic backpressure than the pressure initially required to obtain said deformation.

This hysteresis effect is an important property of any mineral wool board having a normal amount of binder.

The elastic back pressure is reduced to zero before the mineral wool board has regained its original dimensions. This is shown at point 1. Thus, the plate which has been relieved of pressure has a permanent deformation.

If the edge of the mineral wool slab is subjected to a single deformation, separated by unformed parts, to give the same elasticity, and then the pressure is reduced, a curve C is obtained from the comparative figure. Mostly, curve C has the same shape as curve B but leads to the starting point, that point is O, or to a point very close to point O, called point 2.

Obviously, the edge treatment according to the invention leads to a certain increased elasticity of the edge, which results in significantly less permanent deformation. As shown in Figs. 4, the load / deflection curve of the mineral wool plate treated according to the invention is slightly different from the corresponding plate which has been conventionally treated to the same total elasticity as given by R. The plate which has been treated conventionally corresponds to the curve M, essentially the same type as the curve corresponding to the rough slab a. The plate which has been machined according to the invention corresponds to a curve which is steeper at first, see curve N. This means that the plate has higher values of stability and stiffness, even if the plate can be deformed to accommodate a space with less free dimensions.

These contributions help to do the job well and reduce the risk of external cracks and tears.

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Digital notations:

mineral wool pack, mineral wool plate, plastic film, lower conveyor belt, lower roller conveyor belt, drive roller for lower conveyor belt, twist roller for lower conveyor belt, upper conveyor belt, upper conveyor belt for upper conveyor belt, roller conveyor belt,

A-B first pair of deformation means,

A-B second pair of deformation means, axes of deformation means,

15, 16 connecting plates for deformation means,

17,18 deformation devices, axle, connection plates, deformation devices.

Claims (13)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. A method of manufacturing mineral wool panels (2), wherein the panels are made of mineral wool fibers bonded to one another over a length of length and formed with at least one softened edge, wherein the individual deformation is performed at the edge to be softened, when the panels (2) are stacked (1), the portion of the edge of the mineral wool panel between said individual deformations leaves undistorted. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that said individual deformation is carried out by compressing the panels at least 20%, preferably 30%, of the thickness of the unloaded standing plates. 3. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said individual deformations are carried out after stacking the panels and preferably after the stacked panels are completely or partially packed in a packaging material such as plastic film (3). . Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said individual deformations are carried out by one or more elongated deformation devices (17, 18, 21), preferably having a convex cross-sectional shape facing the mineral wool slabs and oriented mainly upright. at an angle to the plane of the slab or slabs and pressing the devices against the edges of the slabs. 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the deformation devices are pressed against at least one edge of the plate at right angles thereto and then retracted by substantially the same operating trajectory. 6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate is machined in two opposite directions at the same time. 7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it processes at least one short edge of the board. 9. A method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the pressures are applied 8 to 16 times per meter by a pressure device having a width less than 80% of the distance between the pressure centers. 10. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the treatment is performed more than once, substantially in the same location. 11. A device for deforming the edges of a mineral wool board, characterized in that it consists of - one or more rotary deformation devices (12 A-B, 13 A-B) each consisting of - a deformation device (17, 18; 21) coupled to an axle (14, 19;), of which said devices can be rotatably rotated, - or a plurality of parallel deformation devices (17, 18; 21), which are connected in a common block which is rotated about an axis (14, 19), - a conveyor (4, 8) for pushing the mineral wool slabs which pass through one or more deformation means (12 AB, 13 AB) and in the device an axle or axles (14; 19) about which the deformation devices (17, 18; 21) rotate. ), are perpendicular to the plane in which the mineral wool slabs move and are spaced so that the deformation device or devices enter the edge or edges of the slab as they slip past the deformation devices. 12. A device for deforming the edges of a mineral wool plate according to claim 11, characterized in that the device is formed with at least one deformation means (12A, 13A and 12B, 13B respectively) on each side of the conveyor, preferably mounted directly against one another. 13. A device for deforming the edges of a mineral wool board according to claims 11-12, characterized in that the device is formed with at least two deformation means (12A, 13A and 12A). 12B, 13B, respectively) disposed on the same side of the conveyor and at a distance from each other such that any subsequent deformation by at least two deformation means (12A, 13A and 12B, 13B, respectively) disposed on and on the same side of the conveyor, that any subsequent deformation device machines the edge at the same or different location than the places previously worked 5 deformation device. 14. A device for deforming the edges of a mineral wool board according to claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the deformation devices (17, 18; 21) have a circular cross-sectional shape and are also preferably rotated about their axes (14; 19).