LT4252B - Method for the formation of the phosphatic coatings on the surface of steel - Google Patents
Method for the formation of the phosphatic coatings on the surface of steel Download PDFInfo
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- LT4252B LT4252B LT96-176A LT96176A LT4252B LT 4252 B LT4252 B LT 4252B LT 96176 A LT96176 A LT 96176A LT 4252 B LT4252 B LT 4252B
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- Prior art keywords
- steel
- phosphate
- coating
- solution
- coatings
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O HLWRUJAIJJEZDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910018590 Ni(NO3)2-6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KHJWSKNOMFJTDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KHJWSKNOMFJTDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NDKBVBUGCNGSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydron;phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O LKCUKVWRIAZXDU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Išradimo objektas yra cheminių dangų gavimo būdas, būtent fosfatinių dangų gavimo būdas ant plieno paviršiaus ir gali būti panaudotas įvairiose pramonės srityse.The present invention relates to a process for the production of chemical coatings, in particular to a phosphate coating on a steel surface, and can be used in a variety of industrial applications.
Yra žinomas fosfatinių dangų, palengvinančių šaltą deformaciją, gavimo būdas (VFR patentas Nr. 3543733, kl. C 23C 22/12,1986 m.) iš tirpalo, kuriame yra cinko, fosfato, nitrato, nikelio jonų, taip pat hidroksilamino sulfato.There is a known process for obtaining phosphate coatings to facilitate cold deformation (VFR Patent No. 3543733, cl. C 23C 22 / 12.1986) from a solution containing zinc, phosphate, nitrate, nickel ions as well as hydroxylamine sulfate.
Šiuo būdu gauta danga palyginus yra stora (25-60 g/nĄ ir tempiant gaminius iš plieno reikia panaudoti didelę jėgą (80-85 kg/cm^). Technologiniu požiūriu procesas neekonomiškas, aukšta dengimo temperatūra (82 °C), didelės naudojamų medžiagų koncentracijos.The coating obtained in this way is relatively thick (25-60 g / n and requires high tensile strength (80-85 kg / cm ^) for steel products. Technologically uneconomic, high coating temperature (82 ° C), high materials used concentrations.
Yra žinomas fosfatinių dangų ant plieno paviršiaus gavimo būdas (buv. TSRS a.l.There is a known method of obtaining phosphate coatings on a steel surface (ex USSR a.l.
Nr. 1381196, kl. C 23C 11/08,1988 m.) iš tirpalo, kuriame yra cinko, nikelio, fosfato, nitrato ir geležies (III) jonų. Proceso temperatūra 75-80 °C, dengimo laikas 5-10 min.No. 1381196, Cl. C 23 C 11 / 08,1988) from a solution containing zinc, nickel, phosphate, nitrate and iron (III) ions. Process temperature 75-80 ° C, coating time 5-10 min.
Šiuo būdu gauta danga yra palyginus plona (5-10 g/m^), smulkiakristalinė, todėl nesugeria reikiamo tempimui natrio stearato kiekio. Natrio stearatas, kaip paviršiaus aktyvinanti medžiaga, reikalingas trinties sumažinimui tempiant plieno gaminius. Jo nešiklis yra fosfatinė danga. Natrio stearato kiekis priklauso nuo to, kokiu būdu gauta fosfatinė danga, kokia jos struktūra, kristalų forma. Šiuo atveju fosfatinė danga sugeria 1,5-1,8 g/m^ natrio stearato. To kiekio neužtenka ištempti plieno gaminius ir šie tempimo metu nutrūksta. Technologiniu požiūriu procesas neekonomiškas, nes aukšta dengimo temperatūra, be to, fosfatavimo tirpalas gana rūgštus, todėl nutirpsta daug plieno, o tai dar blogina ir pačias fosfatiniu dangų antifrikcines savybes.The coating obtained in this way is relatively thin (5-10 g / m 2), fine-crystalline and therefore does not absorb the required amount of tensile sodium stearate. Sodium stearate, as a surfactant, is required to reduce friction in tensile steel products. Its carrier is a phosphate coating. The amount of sodium stearate depends on the manner in which the phosphate coating is obtained, its structure and the crystal form. In this case, the phosphate coating absorbs 1.5 to 1.8 g / m 2 of sodium stearate. This amount is not enough to stretch the steel products and they will break during stretching. From a technological point of view, the process is uneconomical because of the high coating temperature and the relatively acidic nature of the phosphating solution, which results in the dissolution of large quantities of steel, which further deteriorates the antifrictional properties of the phosphate coatings themselves.
Dar žinomas fosfatiniu dangų ant plieno paviršiaus gavimo būdas (buv. TSRS a.l. Nr. 1592394, kl. C 23C 22/13, 1980) iš tirpalo, kuriame yra cinko oksido, fosforo rūgšties, azoto rūgšties ir priedo Efiroks-7K” (tai paviršiaus aktyvi medžiaga, susidedanti iš alkiletoksifosforo rūgščių ir sintanolio). Dengimo temperatūra 65±5 °C.Another known method of obtaining a phosphate coating on a steel surface (ex USSR al. 1592394, cl. C 23C 22/13, 1980) from a solution containing zinc oxide, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and the additive Efirox-7K ' active substance consisting of alkylethoxyphosphoric acids and sintanol). Coating temperature 65 ± 5 ° C.
Šiuo būdu gautos dangos yra palyginus plonos (7-9 g/m^), tirpale didelė nitratų koncentracija, palyginus aukšta proceso temperatūra. Danga nepasižymi antifrikcinėmis savybėmis, nes yra palyginus minkšta. Tempiant plieno gaminius ~50%, šiuo būdu gauta fosfatinė danga nusitrina.The coatings obtained in this way are relatively thin (7-9 g / m 2), the solution has a high concentration of nitrates, and a relatively high process temperature. The coating has no anti-friction properties as it is relatively soft. The resulting phosphate coating is abraded by ~ 50% stretching of steel products.
Artimiausias techninis sprendimas pagal esmę yra fosfatiniu dangų ant plieno paviršiaus gavimo būdas (buv. TSRS a.l. Nr. 1458247, kl. C 23C 22/07, 1989) iš tirpalo, kuriame yra cinko, nikelio, vario, fosfato, nitrato jonų, o taip pat organinio junginio - lignino nitrato, kuris suteikia fosfatinėms dangoms antifrikcines savybes.The closest technical solution is essentially to obtain a phosphate coating on a steel surface (ex USSR No. 1458247, Cl. C 23C 22/07, 1989) from a solution containing zinc, nickel, copper, phosphate, nitrate ions, and so on. also an organic compound, lignin nitrate, which gives the phosphate coatings antifrictional properties.
Šis fosfatiniu dangų gavimo būdas technologiniu požiūriu neekonomiškas, nes palyginus aukšta temperatūra (70±5 °C), be to, didelė nitratų koncentracija, todėl gaunamos fosfatinės dangos per plonos. Jos nesugeria reikalingo natrio stearato kiekio, todėl negalima ištempti iš plieno gaminių 50%. Tempimo metu šiuo būdu fosfatuoti plieniniai dirbiniai nutrūksta.This method of preparing phosphate coatings is technologically uneconomic because of the relatively high temperature (70 ± 5 ° C) and the high concentration of nitrates, which makes the phosphate coatings too thin. They do not absorb the required amount of sodium stearate and therefore cannot be stretched by 50% from steel products. During this stretching, steel products phosphated in this way are interrupted.
Šio išradimo uždavinys - sukurti fosfatiniu dangų ant plieno paviršiaus gavimo būdą iš tirpalo, kuriame yra cinko monofosfato, leidžiantį ištempti plieninius dirbinius, naudojant palyginus nedidelę (mažiau negu 50 kg/cm^) spaudimo jėgą ir taip apsaugoti gaminį nuo vibracijos, įkaitimo, nutrūkimo, o įrangą - presą nuo susidėvėjimo.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for preparing a phosphate coating on a steel surface from a solution containing zinc monophosphate which allows the steel products to be stretched using a relatively low (less than 50 kg / cm 2) compression force. and the equipment - a press against wear.
Kitas uždavinys - pagerinti proceso technologiškumą - t.y. gauti fosfatinės dangas ant plieno palyginus žemoje temperatūroje - 45-50 °C, per palyginus trumpą laiką 5-10 min.Another challenge is to improve process technology - i.e. to obtain phosphate coatings on steel at a relatively low temperature of 45-50 ° C for a relatively short time of 5-10 min.
Išradimo esmė yra tame, kad gaminius iš plieno nuriebalina, aktyvuoja rūgštyje ir merkia į silpnai rūgštų fosfatavimo tirpalą, kuriame yra cinko, nikelio, fosfato, nitrato jonų, 0,5-1,0 g/1 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druskos (Tritonas B) ir junginio, kuris suteikia dangoms antifrikcines savybes - 0,2-0,5 g/1 natrio heksametafosfato ir gaminius dengia esant 45-50 °C temperatūrai.The object of the invention is that the steel products are degreased, activated in acid and immersed in a weakly acidic phosphating solution containing zinc, nickel, phosphate, nitrate ions, 0.5-1.0 g / l of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium (Triton B). and a compound which gives coatings antifrictional properties of 0.2-0.5 g / l sodium hexametaphosphate and coat the articles at 45-50 ° C.
Siūlomas būdas yra technologiškesnis, nes fosfatinės dangos, kurių pagalba galima ištempti gaminius iš plieno 50%, gaunamos esant palyginus neaukštai proceso temperatūrai, per palyginus trumpą laiką, nenaudojant toksinių medžiagų, esant palyginus neaukštai medžiagų koncentracijai.The proposed process is more technological, since phosphate coatings, which can stretch 50% of steel products, are obtained at relatively low process temperatures in a relatively short period of time without the use of toxic materials at relatively low concentrations.
Šiuo būdu gautos fosfatinės dangos ant plieno paviršiaus yra 10-15 g/m2 svorio, vidutinio kristalų dydžio, sugeria 2,8-3,3 g/m2 natrio stearato. Heksametafosfatų pridėjimas įgalina gauti dangas su apvalių formų kristalais, tai yra leidžia ištempti gaminius iš plieno apie 50%. Be to dangos susiformuoja per palyginus trumpą laiką ir esant palyginus žemai dengimo temperatūrai.The phosphate coatings obtained in this way have a weight of 10-15 g / m 2 , average crystal size, on the steel surface, absorbing 2.8-3,3 g / m 2 of sodium stearate. The addition of hexametaphosphates makes it possible to obtain coatings with round-shaped crystals, which allows stretching of steel products by about 50%. In addition, coatings are formed within a relatively short period of time and at relatively low coating temperatures.
Šiuo būdu gautos fosfatinės dangos ant plieno paviršiaus, lyginant su žinomais techniniais sprendimais padeda sumažinti energijos sąnaudas (žemesnė dengimo temperatūra), gauti reikiamo svorio ir apvalių formų kristalų dangas (nenusitrina tempiant plieno gaminius 50%).The resulting phosphate coatings on the steel surface help to reduce energy consumption (lower coating temperature), to obtain the required weight and to obtain round crystal coatings (without abrasion of the steel products by 50%) compared to known technical solutions.
Fosfatavimo tirpalą ruošia pagal siūlomą būdą nudruskintame vandenyje, ištirpinant receptūroje nurodytus medžiagų kiekius.Prepare the phosphating solution according to the proposed method in salted water by dissolving the amounts of the substances specified in the recipe.
Cinko jonų šaltiniu gali būti cinko oksidas, cinko dihidrofosfatas, cinko nitratas; nikelio jonų šaltiniu - nikelio nitratas; fosfato jonų šaltiniu - fosforo rūgštis, cinko fosfatas; nitrato jonų šaltiniu - azoto rūgštis, natrio, cinko nitratai; heksametafosfato jonų šaltiniu - natrio, kalio, amonio heksametafosfatai.The source of zinc ions may be zinc oxide, zinc dihydrogen phosphate, zinc nitrate; nickel ion source - nickel nitrate; source of phosphate ions - phosphoric acid, zinc phosphate; source of nitrate ions - nitric acid, sodium, zinc nitrates; source of hexametaphosphate ions - sodium, potassium, ammonium hexametaphosphates.
Toliau cheminiu ar elektrocheminiu būdu nuriebalintas ir aktyvuotas HC1 tirpale (1:1) detales iš plieno merkia j silpnai rūgštų tirpalą, kurio pH 2,0-2,4 ir dengia 7-10 min., kai dengimo temperatūra 45-50 °C. Fosfatuotas detales ištraukia iš tirpalo, plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir merkia į 7% natrio stearato tirpalą.Further, chemically or electrochemically degreased and activated in HCl solution (1: 1), the steel is immersed in a weakly acidic solution at pH 2.0-2.4 and applied for 7-10 minutes at a coating temperature of 45-50 ° C. The phosphatized parts are removed from the solution, washed with water, dried in warm air and immersed in 7% sodium stearate solution.
Dangų savybes analizuoja praėjus 24 vai. nuo padengimo. Duomenys pateikti lentelėje.The properties of the skies are analyzed after 24 hours. from cover. The data are shown in the table.
Dangos struktūros kristališkumą nustato vizualiai (x6 lupa): stambiakristalinė, vidutinio kristališkumo, smulkiakristalinė.The crystallinity of the coating structure is determined visually (x6 magnifier): coarse crystalline, medium crystalline, fine crystalline.
Dangų kristalų formą nustatoma mikroskopu ORIM-1 (Rusija): adatinės formos kristalai, nupjauto kūgio formos, apvalios ir žvynelių pavidalo (didinimas x500).The crystal shape of the sky is determined by microscope ORIM-1 (Russia): needle-shaped crystals, cut cone, round and scaly (magnification x500).
Dangų paviršiaus šiurkštumą matuoja su profilometru-profilografu tipas 252 (Rusija). Apskaičiuoja vidutinį aritmetinį šiurkštumą Ra (ųm).Coating surface roughness is measured with a profilometer-profilograph type 252 (Russia). Calculates the mean arithmetic roughness R a (øm).
Slydimo pobūdį stebi tempiant plieno gaminį, paruoštą pagal prototipą ir pagal siūlomą būdą. Priklausomai nuo fosfatavimo būdo gaminys vibruoja, įkaista, slysta normaliai, susidaro dangos banga, nutrūksta.The nature of the slip is monitored by drawing a steel product prepared according to the prototype and the proposed method. Depending on the phosphating process, the product vibrates, heats up, slides normally, forms a coating wave, and breaks.
Dangų svorį (Pf, g/m^) nustato 3 kartus sveriant pavyzdėlius:The coating weight (Pf, g / m ^) is determined by weighing the samples 3 times:
1) prieš fosfatavimą,1) before phosphating,
2) po fosfatavimo,2) after phosphating,
3) nutirpinus fosfatinę dangą 25% CrC>3 tirpale.3) dissolving the phosphate coating in 25% CrC> 3 solution.
Iš šių svėrimų apskaičiuoja ir nutirpusio dengimo metu plieno svorį (Pj4e> g/m^).From these weights the weight of steel (Pj4e> g / m ^) is also calculated during thawing.
Susigėrusio natrio stearato svorį nustato sveriant pavyzdėlius:The weight of absorbed sodium stearate is determined by weighing samples:
1) po fosfatavimo,1) after phosphating,
2) palaikius 2 min 7% natrio stearato tirpale ir išdžiovinus.2) Maintaining for 2 min in 7% sodium stearate solution and drying.
Plieninių gaminių spaudimo jėga tempimo metu reguliuojama itališku presu (tipas 210), kuriame maksimalus slėgis 80 kg/cm2. Tempimo procesą spaudimo metu kontroliuoja dinamometras, kurio skaitinės reikšmės išreikštos atmosferomis. Jeigu fosfatinė danga pakankamo storio (10-15 g/m2) ir ji sugėrusi ~3 g/m2 natrio stearato, gaminys iš plieno ištempiamas palyginus lengvai (normaliai), naudojant 4550 atmosferų slėgį. Jei fosfatinė danga mažesnio svorio < 10 g/m2, tempimas vyksta žymiai sunkiau 60-80 atmosferų slėgyje. O jeigu danga smulkiakristalė, tai ištempti negalima, nes danga nusitrina, o gaminys iš plieno nutrūksta.The tensile strength of steel products is controlled by an Italian press (type 210) with a maximum pressure of 80 kg / cm 2 . The tensile process under pressure is controlled by a dynamometer whose numerical values are expressed in atmospheres. If the phosphate coating has a sufficient thickness (10-15 g / m 2 ) and absorbs ~ 3 g / m 2 of sodium stearate, the steel product is stretched relatively easily (normally) at a pressure of 4550 atmospheres. If the phosphate coating is less than <10 g / m 2 , the tensioning is significantly more difficult at a pressure of 60 to 80 atmospheres. And if the coating is fine crystal, it cannot be stretched, because the coating abrasion and the steel product break.
Plieno paviršiaus padengimo tolygumas vertinamas vizualiai: paviršius padengtas lygiai, paviršius padengtas nelygiai.The uniformity of the steel surface is assessed visually: the surface is even, the surface uneven.
Siūlomo būdo efektyvumui įvertinti buvo paruošti 8 pavyzdžiai, iš kurių vienas kontrolinis ir 7 pagal išradimą su skirtinga tirpalų koncentracija.To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, 8 samples were prepared, one of which is a control and 7 according to the invention with different concentrations of solutions.
Kontrolinis pavyzdysControl sample
Nuriebalintas ir aktyvuotas detales iš plieno merkia į tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/l):The degreased and activated steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / l):
ZnO - 7,5ZnO - 7.5
Zn(NO3)2-6H2O - 29,5Zn (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O - 29.5
H3PO4(75%) - 17,2H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 17.2
NaNO3 - 9,0NaNO 3 - 9.0
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,64Ni (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O - 0.64
Cu(NO3)2-3H2O - 0,26 lignino nitratas - 0,09Cu (NO 3 ) 2 -3H 2 O - 0.26 lignin nitrate - 0.09
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,0, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 70 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.0, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 70 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdysexample
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia j tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/l):The finished steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / l):
Zn(H2PO4)2-2H2O - 40Zn (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 -2H 2 O - 40
NaNO3 - 16NaNO 3 - 16
H3PO4(75%) - 3,4H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 3.4
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Ni (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O - 0.5 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic sodium - 0.5
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdys.example.
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia j tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/l):The finished steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / l):
Zn(H2PO4)2-2H2O - 40Zn (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 -2H 2 O - 40
NaNO3 . 16NaNO 3 . 16th
H3PO4(75%) - 3,4H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 3.4
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Ni (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O - 0.5 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic sodium - 0.5
NagP^O igxH2O - 0,05NagP ^ O igxH 2 O - 0.05
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdys.example.
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia į tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/l):The finished steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / l):
Zn(H2P04)2-2H20 - 40Zn (H 2 P0 4 ) 2 -2H 2 0 - 40
NaNO3 - 16NaNO 3 - 16
H3PO4(75%) - 3,4H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 3.4
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Ni (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O - 0.5 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic sodium - 0.5
Na6P6OigxH2O - 0,1Na6P6O18xH2O - 0.1
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir jmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdys.example.
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia j tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/1):The finished steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / 1):
Zn(H2PO4)2-2H2O - 40Zn (H2PO4) 2 -2H 2 O - 40
NaNO3 - 16NaNO 3 - 16
H3PO4(75%) - 3,4H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 3.4
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Ni (NO3) 2 -6 H 2 O - 0.5 of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium salt - 0.5
Na6P6OigxH2O - 0,3Na6P6O18xH2O 0.3
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdysexample
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia į tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/1):The prepared steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / 1):
Zn(H2PO4)2-2H2O - 40Zn (H 2 PO 4) 2 -2H 2 O - 40
NaNO3 - 16NaNO 3 - 16
H3PO4(75%) - 3,4H 3 PO 4 (75%) - 3.4
Ni(NO3)2-6H2O - 0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Ni (NO3) 2 -6 H 2 O - 0.5 of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium salt - 0.5
Na6P6Oi8xH2O - 0,5Na 6 P 6 O 8 xH 2 O - 0.5
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdysexample
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia j tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/1):The finished steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / 1):
Zn(H2PO4)2-2H2O NaNO3 H3PO4(75%) Ni(NO3)2 6H2OZn (H 2 PO 4 ) 2 -2H 2 O NaNO 3 H 3 PO 4 (75%) Ni (NO 3 ) 2 6H 2 O
3,43.4
0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,5Sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
NagPgO^gyl^O - 0,7NagPgO ^ gyl ^ O - 0.7
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,2, dengimo laikas 7 min., o dengimo temperatūra 50 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.2, a coating time of 7 minutes and a coating temperature of 50 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdys.example.
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia į tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/1):The prepared steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / 1):
ZnOZnO
H3PO4(75%)H 3 PO 4 (75%)
NaNO3 NaNO 3
Ni(NO3)2-6H2ONi (NO 3 ) 2 -6H 2 O
11,011.0
38,738.7
0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,3 Na6p6°18xH2° ' θ,3 0.5 Sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid - 0.3 Na 6 p 6 ° 18 x H 2 ° 'θ, 3
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,4, dengimo laikas 10 min., o dengimo temperatūra 45 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.4, a coating time of 10 minutes and a coating temperature of 45 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
pavyzdys.example.
Paruoštas detales iš plieno merkia į tirpalą, kuriame yra (g/1):The prepared steel parts are immersed in a solution containing (g / 1):
ZnOZnO
H3PO4(75%)H 3 PO 4 (75%)
Ζη(ΝΟ3)2·6Η2θΖη (ΝΟ 3 ) 2 · 6Η2θ
Ni(NO3)2‘6H2ONi (NO 3 ) 2 · 6H 2 O
3,23.2
38,738.7
28,328.3
0,5 etilendiamintetraacto rūgšties natrio druska - 0,2Sodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid:
Na6P6Ol8xH2° * °»3 Na6P6O18 xH 2 ° * ° » 3
Tirpalo rūgštingumas pH 2,4, dengimo laikas 10 min., o dengimo temperatūra 45 °C. Padengtas detales plauna vandeniu, džiovina šiltu oru ir įmuilina 7% natrio stearato tirpalu.The solution has an acidity of pH 2.4, a coating time of 10 minutes and a coating temperature of 45 ° C. The coated parts are washed with water, dried in warm air and soaked in 7% sodium stearate solution.
Duomenys apie dangų savybes pateikti lentelėje.Data on the properties of the coatings are given in the table.
Kaip matyti iš pateiktų lentelėje duomenų heksametafosfato koncentracija yra labai svarbus faktorius, turintis įtakos gaminių iš plieno tempimui. Kai natrio heksametafosfato koncentracija fosfatavimo tirpale yra 0,2-0,5 g/1, ant plieno gaminių paviršiaus susiformuoja vidutinio dydžio, apvalių formų kristalų fosfatinės dangos, kurios įgalina ištempti plieno gaminius 50%, panaudojant minimalią jėgą. Padidinus natrio heksametafosfato koncentraciją iki 0,7 g/1, susiformuoja blogos kokybės fosfatinė danga, susidaro taip vadinama “banga”, kurios pasipriešinimas toks didelis, kad gaminys nutrūksta.As shown in the table, the concentration of hexametaphosphate is a very important factor affecting the tensile strength of steel products. When the concentration of sodium hexametaphosphate in the phosphating solution is 0.2-0.5 g / l, medium-sized, round crystalline phosphate coatings are formed on the surface of the steel products, which allow the steel products to be stretched by 50% with minimal force. Increasing the concentration of sodium hexametaphosphate to 0.7 g / l produces a poor quality phosphate coating, producing a so-called "wave" with a high resistance to break.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT96-176A LT4252B (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Method for the formation of the phosphatic coatings on the surface of steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT96-176A LT4252B (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Method for the formation of the phosphatic coatings on the surface of steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LT96176A LT96176A (en) | 1997-08-25 |
| LT4252B true LT4252B (en) | 1997-12-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT96-176A LT4252B (en) | 1996-12-18 | 1996-12-18 | Method for the formation of the phosphatic coatings on the surface of steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| LT (1) | LT4252B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3543733A1 (en) | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-03 | Parker Chemical Co., Madison Heights, Mich. | METHOD FOR EASIER COLD DEFORMING |
| SU1381196A1 (en) | 1985-09-27 | 1988-03-15 | Научно-Производственное Объединение "Лакокраспокрытие" | Composition for phosphate treatment of metal surface |
| SU1458247A1 (en) | 1984-03-22 | 1989-02-15 | Белорусский Политехнический Институт | Arrangement for vulcanizing annular articles |
| SU1592394A1 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1990-09-15 | Vni Kt I Trubnoj Promy | Composition for applying phosphate coating onto electrically welded carbon-steel pipes prior to drawing |
-
1996
- 1996-12-18 LT LT96-176A patent/LT4252B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1458247A1 (en) | 1984-03-22 | 1989-02-15 | Белорусский Политехнический Институт | Arrangement for vulcanizing annular articles |
| DE3543733A1 (en) | 1984-12-20 | 1986-07-03 | Parker Chemical Co., Madison Heights, Mich. | METHOD FOR EASIER COLD DEFORMING |
| SU1381196A1 (en) | 1985-09-27 | 1988-03-15 | Научно-Производственное Объединение "Лакокраспокрытие" | Composition for phosphate treatment of metal surface |
| SU1592394A1 (en) | 1988-04-05 | 1990-09-15 | Vni Kt I Trubnoj Promy | Composition for applying phosphate coating onto electrically welded carbon-steel pipes prior to drawing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| LT96176A (en) | 1997-08-25 |
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