LT3892B - Method for manufacturing an ecologically clean board from wood fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is intended for the production and processing industry of wood-fibre heating, sound insulation and finishing boards, and may be used for board production by drying in a vacuum method. The new board is made of wood-fibre pulp, natural bonding materials and dye-treatment extracts. As the main raw material for the production of wood-fibre pulp, pine chips are used. The pulp is loaded into a bunker, mixed and grinded. The prepared paste is laid on a grid and shaped in a carpet manner, pressed by 1.5-3.0 Mpa and up to 7-9 mm and dried in a temperature of 110-155 degrees Celsius.

Description

The present invention relates to the production and processing of heat-insulating, sound-insulating, finishing boards for wood fiber and can be used for the production of these boards by vacuum-drying.

There is a known method of making hardboard by grinding a pulverized hardwood and coniferous forest mixture into pulp 250 - 380 PV, mixing it with chemicals - phenolformaldehyde resin, acetonformaldehyde resin and addition of dyeing extracts (CuSO ₄₎ Al 2 (SO ₄ ). etc). The plates are dried at 180 ° C and formed under pressure of 2.5 MPa (USSR al. No. 1232673, TPK B27N 3/02).

These known panels contain harmful chemicals used in fiber adhesion and dyeing. High thermal energy consumption. Expensive technological process of chemical waste utilization. The fiber board is ecologically impure and the thermal resistance is not high enough.

There is also a well-known method of making hardboard, whereby the pulverized deciduous and coniferous forest mixture is milled to 250 - 380 PV units. and ground with phenol-formaldehyde resins and carbonate impurities, dried at 120-200 ° C. The fiber mass components are divided into wood pulp - 60-77% and chemical compounds - 23-40%. Thickness of formed plate 12 mm (USSR a.l. No.1625700, TPK B26N 3/04).

Disadvantages: noxious chemical compounds used in adhesion;

drying requires a lot of thermal energy; expensive chemical recovery facilities; the fiber board is ecologically impure; wood grinding is quite low, which reduces the thermal resistance of the board; the board has no brand image because it has no paint.

The object of the present invention is to make a fiber board completely ecologically clean, without the use of chemical additives typical of analogues, with dye-healing extract, in order to reduce energy losses without compromising its quality and without polluting nature.

The invention is explained by technological schemes.

The base of the new fiber board is proposed to be 8 mm thick and 280 kg / m ³ thick. Use only pine chips as the main raw material for the pulp. It is loaded into hopper 1, where the hot water separates the chips and settles the sediment. The mass of the chips is lengthened, enriched and mixed in a rotor 2, where the composition is 95.5% of pine, 2.0% of resin, 1.5% of potato grits and 1.0% of the linseed solution. It is 95.5% by weight of wood fiber and 4.5% of natural adhesive compounds. The prepared swollen, fine pulp is ground with a defibrator and a refiner 3. The pulverization must reach 400 PV units, then the pulp is diluted with hot solution (water) 4 and transferred to final pulp containers 5 for dye-curative extract solution. The green coloring-curative extract solution is 3.0% and the red coloring-curative extract solution is 2.0%. The finished mass is deposited on the mesh, dried, formed by step 6 and then pressed at 3.0 MPa - step 7. Further, step 8 is dried at 110 ° C, cooled to 32 ° C - step 9 - and cut into 500x750 mm - step 10. This gives the fiber board backing.

The backing of the fiberboard is impregnated with one of the linen extracts impregnated and fixed at 8 atm for 1 hour at 55 ° C. Internal trim panel is available. The finished inner panel is covered with a 4 mm thick coating (coating step 3 is shown in Fig. 2), which includes cement - 18%, gypsum - 5%, lime - 12%, wood fiber (500 PV units) - 35%, glass fiber at 20%, formed by compression at 12 atm, dried at 65 ° C for 1.2 hours to produce an improved finish panel.

An example. For hardboard panels with thickness of 8 mm, density 240 - 280 kg / m ³ , pine, linen fiber with a roughness of 260 - 400 PV units is used.

Drying of the fiber boards is carried out in a pneumatic vacuum steamer at 110-150 ° C to a relative humidity of 10-25%. No chemical binders shall be added to the grinding mass, except natural organic and healthy resins - 2.5%, potato starch or potato grits - 3.5% and viscous mass of hot soaked linseeds - 2.5% (Table 1) ). Table 1 gives examples of eco-friendly fibreboards with healthy dyeing extracts for pulp production.

table

Examples (variants)

Ratio of fibreboard materials,%

Dyeing-healing extracts,% by weight of total fiber weight Pine Flax Binder Resin Potato Seed Green Recipe

No.l red recipe

No. 2

1 94 - 3.5 2.5 2 1.5 2 95.5 - 1.0 2.5 1.5 2.5 2 3 95.5 - 2.0 1.5 1.0 3 2 4 96 2.5 - 0.5 2.5 2 5 51.5 36 3.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Consider Example 3 as the optimal option.

The dye-healing extracts are prepared separately and, after appropriate concentration, are placed in separate containers which are stored in a cold, dark place for an appropriate period of time.

The concentrate recipes are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

The green dye-healing extract recipe # 1 is shown in Table 2: Table 2

Dry raw material Mass, gr Water 80-90 ° C, ltr Exposure duration, min Concentric wheel, ltr Note: Yarrow 100 1 72 10th replacement Young heather 100 2 75 10th can be Ash bark 100 2 80 10th 1% medical The hares plant 100 2 60 10th green Lingonberry leaves 100 2 60 10th ma, green Dandelions 100 1 60 10th color In the panes 100 2 60 10th

The dye-healing extract recipe # 2 is shown in Table 3:

table

Dry raw material Mass, Water Exposure duration, min Concentric wheel, ltr Note: kg 80-90 ° C, ltr Concorde 400 8th 73 10th replacement Pine tumors 200 3 65 10th can be Birch bark 100 2 70 10th medical Beetroot 100 2 60 10th iodine, brown color First recipe concentrate gives green color and make up healthy

microclimate in the room. The concentrate of the second recipe gives a red color. Its extract has similar properties to the former.

Formation of the ready-made fiber board - pressing and cutting is carried out according to the respective process modes (Table 4). In this way, the final technical data of the finished product is obtained which meets international requirements.

table

Pavyz- dys Steam stream, m / s Dry name, ° C Shape vim, presa- vim, MPa Depend- mas, min Steam pressure, at Panels thickness, mm 1 20th 110 2.0 50 3.5 8th 2 15th 135 2.5 50 3.5 8th 3 10th 150 2.7 50 3.5 8th

The optimal option is Example 2.

Once the fiber board base is obtained, its corresponding size output can be used as heat and sound insulation boards for flooring, parquet. This is the first application of a healthy slab of heat and sound insulation.

The second application is the application of panels to the interior decoration of the walls of the dwelling and to the sound and sound insulation of the walls. Already manufactured fiber board base is reinforced with an appropriate bonding mortar. The mortar is prepared by drumming (coating step 13, Figure 2) and sprayed onto the surface of the plate to be roughened. The mortar is sprayed with different viscosities (from liquid to thicker) at thicknesses of 2-6 mm. It is advisable to roughen and lengthen the surface of the fiber boards before pressing them into the grooves. This gives a better adhesion effect. Once the surface of the slab has been prepared and the building binder has been applied, it is polished and molded by compressing 12 14 atm in a suitable dry vacuum dryer 14 at 45-75 ° C. If necessary, it is possible to form panels on both sides analogously to mortar. Polished single-sided panel is used for interior wall decoration, insulation. Their technical characteristics depend on the technological conditions and the dimensions of the board (Table 5).

table

Plate density, kg / m ³ Flat humidity, % Flat color ant Plate thickness, mm Construction dilute thickness, mm Form. temp. ° C Pres. pressure, at Existing time or Plate heat. impedance, W / mK Bend ras panels thickness, mm 240 10th 2 8th 2 57 10th 1 0.12 10th 260 15th 3 8th 4 65 12th 1.2 0.145 12th 280 25th 4 8th 6th 73 14th 1.4 0.18 14th

The production process of ecologically clean and healthy fibreboards reinforced with a binding layer (Table 6) consists of fiber preparation (heat treatment of chips), preparation of ecologically clean substrate of thermal and acoustic insulation fiber board without chemical impurities with curative dyeing extract, followed by preparation of one side substrate. for binding, polishing and forming of binder (pressing of binder can be done with metal folk).

Optimal option 2 is the production of one-sided panels with reinforced binder. The other half of the uncoated side can be covered with a rare linen cloth, which must be treated with one of the extracts. This will give the panels a definitive finish, insulating properties and create a healthy microclimate.

For reinforcement, mortar is used in various portions. Mortar is known, but recipes for preparation technology are varied. The following mortar recipe # 3 is proposed (Table 6).

Table 6

Materials name Solvent 20-30 ° C Materials proportions, % Notes Cement water 18th Fiber grinding should be 500 PV Plaster water 5 pcs .; the mortar in the drum is vibrated and Lime water 12th stirring until homogeneous viscous Wood fiber water 35 masses; folga gives extra Fiberglass water 20th thermal resistance and waterproofing Folga - 10th properties.

The purpose of the invention is to produce fiber boards and to apply them to thermal, acoustic and waterproofing of residential houses with natural coloring healthy extracts. The base of these fibreboards is suitable for floor laying as thermal, acoustic insulation, and finishing panels - for wall finishing with thermal, acoustic and waterproofing properties. In all cases, these panels are eco-friendly.

Claims (7)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the dye extract contains from 2 to 3.5% by weight and has the following composition: yarrow 10 -15, young heather 10 -15, ash bark 10 -15, linden plant 10 -15, lingonberry leaves 10 -15, dandelion 10 -15, ores 10 -15. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that binders are added to the crushed, pulp pulp in the following composition:% of cones 35-45, pine tumors 15-25, birch bark 10-15, beets 8-15. 3-7, 7-15, 22 -40 with grinding 380 - 600 PV, 15 -22, 8- 20. 4. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder is added to the crushed, pulverized pulp in the following composition:% resin 2-4, potato grits 1-4, viscous seed 0.5-3, water 1-5 with a mass of less than 100. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a linen cloth soaked in dye-therapeutic extract is applied to the dried plate. 5 1. Method of production of eco-friendly hardboard, raw material is made from softwood, pine chips, which is loaded into a bunker, mixed and ground (280 - 420 PV units), and the board is formed from the prepared hardwood pulp. to the pulverized, ground pulp of its main components: 50-60% pine, 10-20-40% flax, 1.2-3.5% total dyeing-healing extracts and this prepared mass applied to mesh, carpet-forming, compresses 1.5 - 3.0 MPa to 7 - 9 mm and dries at 110 - 155 ° C. 6. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dried slab is coated with a coating having a thickness of 2-6 mm, of the following composition: cement gypsum lime wood fiber glass fiber water 12-20, 7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the coating of the plate is covered with a metal foil on the outside of the mirror reflection, and the plate is maintained at 50-70 ° C for 0.5-1.5 hours.