LT3387B - A brake of thread - Google Patents

Abstract

The thread brake with two disc or plate-type braking elements (9) easily pressed to each other, operates with a fitted oscillation exciting device (30), which forces the braking elements to oscillate in the direction, which, as requested, would be pointed crosswise the axle of the braking elements (29).

Description

The present invention relates to a brake with two flexibly compressible, preferably disc or plate-shaped, braking elements, between which at least one thread to be braked can be stretched and which are secured by means of an attachment means to a device providing them. oscillation motion.

Such widespread disc or disc thread brakes, in practice, typically have brake discs or discs on the pin or bolt that can rotate, and there is a thread on the pin or bolt end that acts as a support for the spring that compresses both brake discs or discs with a certain degree of firmness. Such brakes have a fundamental disadvantage: the thread, pulled over by the brake, often carries metal-attracting materials (paraffins, lubricating oil, etc.) which, together with dust and fibers on the disc or disc brake surface, form layers that become adhesive, similar to paste. a mass that increasingly intervenes between discs or plates. Over time, as these layers work, the discs or plates separate in some places and lessen the strain on the stretched yarn. There is also uneven braking, which causes stretching of the stretched yarn. In addition, brake discs or discs, which are exposed to adhesive mass, lose their mobility and the stretched thread begins to cut into the braking surface, especially when the threads are made of synthetic materials. Damages to the braking surface, such as furrows, grooves, also result in damage when stretched through the brake.

The aforementioned difficulties lead to constant cleaning of the brakes and sometimes even replacement.

There are known methods of combating this phenomenon, forced rotation of discs or discs (German patent no.

complicated and can be cases like through gear unfortunately quite

2758334), which has been used only in certain other known ways (German Application no.

German Patent No. 3029509; 2930641) - Instead of a conventional compression spring, an electromagnet powered by an alternating current is used to press both brake discs or discs along each other along an axis and at the same time to cause vibrations in the discs or plates of magnetic material at twice the frequency of excitation of the electromagnet . These oscillatory motions occur along the axis and can also cause uneven braking of the thread, resulting in uneven tension. Such a brake is also, in principle, dependent on AC power supply, which in most applications may not be present.

The object of the invention is to find a solution to create the above-mentioned type different from the improved purification from this position and to provide a brake which has the characteristics, i.e. y.

efficiently avoiding grease deposition, etc. the emergence of layers and long-lasting smooth thread braking.

In order to solve this problem according to the invention, the above-mentioned type of brake differs in that the braking elements are forced to oscillate by an oscillation excitation device which acts primarily across the axis of the device.

Practical experience shows that these measures not only ensure the mobility of the brake discs or discs over a long period of time, but also, in general, effectively prevent the deposition of unwanted sediment.

The most suitable form of the braking elements is located on a guide which runs inside the axle, and the braking elements together with the guide may be forced to oscillate. In this case, the guide may be rigid and may be, for example, a cylindrical bolt. However, possible variants in which the guide member is only partially rigid could be obtained, for example, by making the guide member made of plastic. Another alternative would be for the guide member to be rigidly mounted in the bracket so as to provide some agility.

A particularly simple design solution is when the guide element is connected to the bracket and when the bracket together with the guide element and the braking elements are forced to oscillate. This shape also has the added benefit of preventing the fibers from settling on the bracket by vibrating and continuously shaking the sitting fibers and so on.

The braking elements themselves are mounted on the guide member, preferably with a gap, so that they can move slightly under oscillation independently of the guide member. In other cases, practical experience shows that in conventional brakes of the type studied here, it is expedient that the oscillation motion frequency be between 40 and 500 Hz.

Variations in braking elements can, of course, be caused in various ways. The design of the device used for this also depends, among other things, on the use of the thread brake and on-site gear. Forcible oscillating devices, such as a reciprocating element directly or indirectly associated with the braking elements, have proved to be suitable. The aforementioned shapes offer in brakes, where the bracket also oscillates with the braking elements, the bracket can be mounted directly on the element carrying the reversible LT 3387 B sliding movement, which further simplifies the construction.

When using a new thread brake in conjunction with thread feeding into a recyclable textile machine, such as a circular knitting machine, the thread brake may be on a thread feeder having a rotating spindle, and a reciprocating member is connected to the spindle via a gear, making the necessary movement change. In a thread feeder, the rotating spindle causes the rotating spindle to rotate, as a rule, a thread element, such as a thread spool or a thread spinning element. It, in turn, comes from a drive source which, for example, has a virtually infinite toothed belt on a circular knitting machine to which the individual thread feeder shafts are connected via toothed belt sprockets and which in turn begins to rotate synchronously with the needle barrel.

It is also appropriate, under certain conditions, to apply thread brake shapes in which the oscillator is designed to act directly on the brake elements, for example, by acting on their surface.

The aforesaid gears may be a cam gear with a cam mounted on a shaft; the cam surface is smoothed by an element which acts in a guiding-sliding motion. The cam gear is considered to be any form of actuator that can be oscillated, such as electric actuators.

Other embodiments of the proposed brake are the subject of the claims.

The sketches show examples of an object of the invention. It shows:

FIG. 1

FIG. 2

FIG. 3

FIG. 4

FIG. 5

FIG. 6th

FIG. 7th

FIG. 8th

FIG. 9th

FIG. 10th

FIG. 11th

Yarn feed device with thread brake according to the invention (side view).

The device of FIG. 1 (top view).

The device of FIG. Fig. 1 shows a brake partially shown along line III-III. 1 (side view and zoom).

The thread brake from fig. 3, differently shaped and depicted accordingly.

The altered forms from FIG. 4, differently shaped and shown.

Another form of filing device with a thread brake according to the invention (side view similar to other scale).

The thread brake from fig. VII. 6, image zoom).

FIG. 1 cut and (cut line VIIis above and other

The device in the form of a brake, fig. 6 with the corresponding changed image.

offers

The device of FIG. 6 with yet another thread brake shape, relevant image.

The device of FIG. 6 - Third thread brake shape, corresponding image ..

The thread brake from fig. 10, side and back view.

FIG. 12 - The device of FIG. 6 - Fourth thread form of brake.

FIG. 13 - The thread brake from fig. 12, side and rear view.

FIG. 14 - The device of FIG. 13, sectional line XVI-XVI of FIG. 13, top view and other zoom.

The thread feeding device of FIG. 1, 2 is known by its principled construction. There is a bracket 1 which is fastened by means of a clamping screw 2 to a holding ring, for example in a circular knitting machine, and which rotates a continuous shaft 4 which, when the bracket is set, has an upright position. The shaft 4 is connected in the direction of rotation with a single ruffled thread drum 5 underneath the bracket, a star engaging with the shaft on the upper end of the shaft via a clutch 6 for driving a toothed belt 7 which is driven by a drum 5.

Opposing the clamping end 1 of the bolt 1 is a thread stop 8 which has two identical, usually disc-shaped, stop plates 9 between which the thread 10. The thread from the unrolled spool with the thread margin runs to the thread loop 11 through the knob catch 12. a brake 8, through an angle piece 13 to an inlet loop 14 attached to a holder 1, from where the thread 10 enters the drum 5, on which the thread reserve 15 is formed, and from the drum through the outlet loop 16 also provided in the holder 1 to the point of use; with the breakers on the holder 1, when the thread breaks, the tongues 17, 18, which are pivoting along the axis of the holder, control the thread travel at the inlet and outlet of the drum 5.

anchored nut 21

The thread brake 8 has what is particularly visible in FIG. 3, a guide bolt 19, which serves as a guide member and is screwed at one end by a nut 21 on a threaded portion 22 in a bracket-shaped holder 20 with a ceramic sleeve 23 resting at one end against a guide shoulder 19. and, at the other end, is supported by an angled member 20 through an enlarged diameter washer 24, both stop plates 9, plastic sleeves 25 and a radially movable slit being easily rotated on the sleeve 23. The axially oriented ceramic plates are pressed firmly against each other by a snap spring 26 which is controlled by a guide nut 28 on a thread 27 of the guide bolt 19.

Thus, the described thread brake 8 with discs 9, guide screw 19 and angle bracket 20 during operation can vary the amplitude of the oscillations substantially directed towards the common axis 29 of the discs 9. 3 is all numbered 30 and is directly connected to the thread brake 8.

The oscillating device 30 has a driving piston 31 which is movable within the bushing 32 but does not rotate therein, and the bushing is in turn inserted into the holder located on it and the hood. a sleeve 32 at the same time angularly shaped member 13 holding the inlet loop; the sleeve has a radial clutch 33 which is included in the respective longitudinal notch 34 of the piston 31, which also prevents the piston from rotating.

A threaded brake 8 is screwed onto the piston 31 by a single nut 35 through an angled member 20, a nut with a counter nut 36 on the piston between the end 20 of the angular member 20 and a bushing 22 which form an adjustable support that restricts the reciprocating movement of the piston 31.

The actuator of the piston 31 is controlled by a shaft 4 on which a cam 37 with three protrusions 38 is mounted, which is supported by a piston 31 through an abrasion-resistant cap 39 and a spring 40 presses the piston against the cam surface 33 so that the piston continuously touching this surface by rotating the cam 38.

During operation, the spindle 4 rotates at a speed of 400 to 4000 rpm and, depending on the number of revolutions and cams, produces a piston-31 guiding-sliding movement whose frequency, based on its own resonant frequencies, is selected between 45 and 150 Hz. This oscillation movement is transmitted through the angular member 20 to the brake 8 so that the brake discs 9, which are movably mounted on the axle, continuously vibrate mainly perpendicular to the axis 29. As the thread 10 passes through the discs 9 off-center, it forces the discs to rotate. with vibration from piston 31 efficient cleaning of brake 8.

In this embodiment of the thread brake, the angular member 20 is directly connected to the piston 31 without additional connections to the thread feed device holder 1. Depending on the conditions of use of the thread brake 8, it may be expedient to insert a guide bolt 19 independently of the member performing the guiding movement. These examples are shown in FIG. 4 and 5.

These sketches are already explained according to FIG. Parts 1-3 have the same item numbers and are no longer explained. FIG. 4:

The guide screw 19 is secured within the enclosure by a hard cable 41 having, by the way, a vulcanized annular rubber elastic member 42, to which the bolt is connected so that it can sway firmly therein. A sleeve 43, which is movable, is mounted on a steel rigid screw 19, for example between the stop discs 9 and the pressure spring 26, and the rounded end of the pusher 31 is pressed against its outer side.

Thus, the guide-sliding motion of the pusher 31 is directly transmitted to the guide bolt 19 and the stop plates when the hard stop 41 does not vibrate itself. In this case, the guide bolt 19 and the plates 9 move substantially perpendicular to axis 29, but there is also a longitudinal component of motion due to oscillations centered on the location of the bolt.

Both fig. 3, both figs. The shapes described in Fig. 4 can also be modified so that the guide screw 19, made of a rigid material, such as a suitable plastic, is capable of bending bending. In this case, the rigid member 42 of FIG. 4.

FIG. The shape shown in Fig. 5 differs from that of Figs. 4, in that the oscillator 30 is formed so as to act directly on the stop plates 9. For this purpose, the pusher 31 is centered between the plates 9 by its axis, the tip of the pusher having a tapered tapered surface 44 approximately parallel to the axis 29; In the direction of 29, the nozzle is selected to include both plates 9 as shown in FIG. 5.

io

The brake discs 9 are mounted on a spacer sleeve 23 with a radial clearance and, in addition, a radial gap from the element surface 44 of the actuator 43 during the guiding-sliding movement of the pusher 31 periodically touches the surface of the brake discs 9 and causes them to oscillate for axis 29.

The guide screw 19, in this case, rigidly attached to the cable 41. In principle, there are also embodiments in which the guide screw 19 is secured by a rubber elastic member 42 as shown in FIG. 3. Alternatively, the guide bolt 19 may also be of rigid material. Depending on the purpose of the thread brake application, the clamping spring 26 may be replaced by other clamping means, such as an electromagnet or a means of gravity application. Such examples will be considered in the forms discussed below in FIGS. 6-11.

In the other brake shapes described below, all parts that match the details of the shapes already described are identified by the same reference numbers. These parts are not explained in detail there. The details of the filament itself and the vibration excitation apparatus, as shown in FIG. In forms 1-3, figs. 6-14 are shown and explained only to the extent necessary to understand these thread brake shapes.

Elsewhere, the filing device and the oscillation alarm 30 are made as in FIG. 1-3; explanations can be found there.

FIG. Figures 1-5 show the brakes with two brake discs 9 on a single guide element having a common axis 29 as a guide bolt 19, and the forms shown in figs. 6-14, a guide member 190 is used which allows the continuous guide bolt 19 to be dispensed with.

The thing is, practice has shown that in the case of a large separation of fibers from the yarns passing through the brakes, additional measures must be taken to prevent these fibers from settling, which in the long run renders the brakes unsuitable for operation.

When stopping a large number of fibers, a large amount of fibers may be deposited in the region of the guide screw 19 or in the region of the guide sleeve 23 (Fig. 3), since this is where the curvature of the thread 10 passes. Such deposition of fibers around the spacer sleeve 23 may eventually cause complete blocking of the rotation of the stop discs 9.

In order to prevent such undesirable accumulation of fibers, the shape of FIG. 6-14 does not have a central guide bolt in the central area of the stop plates. The central region of the plates 9 is free, so no fibers can accumulate there.

In the first examples of this type shown in FIG. 6, 7, a guide member 190 with a common axis 29 for non-axial braking discs 9 mounted directly on the piston 31 of the oscillator 30 (see Fig. 3).

The guide member 190 is designed as a bracket that includes staging plates at an angle of about 300 °. It consists of two semiconductors 50 which have the shape of two clamps extending parallel to each other in axial direction (Fig. 7). Each of the support members 50 is secured at one end to a mounting block 51 which is screwed onto a pusher 31. Each of the bracket-shaped support members 50 has three mounted thereon and inwardly projecting projections 52, 53, 54 spaced at uniform angular distances from the projection. 53 is approximately on the extension of the pusher 31 axis. Projections 52-54 as seen in FIG. 7, forms discrete, spatially constrained side supports for both stop plates 9 so that they do not protrude from the guide member 190. In radial direction, both stop plates 9 rest on two surfaces 5556, which are located in the region of the side projections 53-54.

As the free-rotating guide member 190 guides the stop plates 9 radially over its projections onto the projections 55, 56, the first of which is on the extension of the pusher 31 and the second of the projection 56 is in the region below the axis 29 (Fig. 6), as shown by the double arrow, with the oscillatory movement of the pusher 31, a force is applied to the stop plates 9 by a friction which rotates the plates in the direction of the arrows 58 (Fig. 6) counterclockwise.

The plates 9 having surface contacting projections 55, 56 and laterally 52, 54 with an axial gap each have a central opening 59 which prevents the fibers from settling in the area.

The guide member 190 is, as a rule, made of plastic and has between the projections 52-54 shown in FIG. 6, the free cavities 61, which are located on a large portion of the stop plates 9, which also allows the fibers to flow freely. A pin 62 disposed at the opening 59 of the stop discs 9, located laterally and parallel to the axis 29, is attached to the projection 63 of the thread guide element 190. This transverse pin 62 is of ceramic material and serves to prevent the thread 10 from popping out of place between the two stop discs 9. In addition, in the region of the lower projection 54, a pivot pin 64 is also provided parallel to the axis and which, at the exit from the thread, tilts the brake thread 10 in FIG. 6 towards the inlet loop 14. Also, the guide pin 64 is made of ceramic material.

As shown in FIG. 6, the thread passage through the loop 11 of the transverse pin 62 and the guide pin 64 is selected such that an arrow-moving thread 10 (FIG. 6, left) enters a certain distance from the common axis 29 and returns to the region of the lower projection 56. Because the thread is off-center, the thread transmits to both brake discs 9 a torque directed in the same manner as the oscillating moment 30 of the oscillating device, according to arrow 54.

For molds that do not have a guide screw 19 (e.g.

1), no clamping spring 26. Both brake discs 9 are pressed against each other by magnetic forces. To this end, annular permanent magnets 65 of opposite polarity are affixed to the stop plates 9 of the non-magnetic material, which axially pull the stop plates against each other on their convex surfaces.

FIG. 8 shows a shape similar to that shown in FIG. 6, 7, except that the transverse pin 62 in the continuous openings 59 is moved to the other, right side relative to the common axis 29. The thread 10, without passing through the center of the stop plates, transmits to the plates, by pulling, a torque having the direction shown in arrow 58a opposite to that of FIG. 6 for the direction of this moment.

In this way, the brake discs are subjected to differential torque, which results in a reduction of the rotational speed of the discs 9 relative to the common axis 29. Under certain operating conditions, where the rotational speed of the discs 9 would become significantly too high and such that the thread 10 would be ejected from the stop discs 9, this shape would be expedient.

The transverse pin 62 can also be discarded. Corresponding forms are shown in Figs. 9-14.

FIG. 9 is substantially the same as in FIG. In Form 6-8, equal parts are denoted by the same item numbers and are not explained again.

Going between the stop plates from top to bottom, thread 10 is opened through opening 59 in one side of plate 9 and extends beyond guide member 190, by thread guide pin 64 to inlet loop 14. Passing between stop plates 9 due to friction transmits to the plates 9 a torque acting on the arrow 58, i. y. operating in the same direction as the moment 30 of the oscillator.

The thread 10 is facilitated by the insertion into a ring stop plate of FIG. Form 9 offers a special arrangement in brake 8 which will be explained later in FIG. 10-14.

In the forms of FIG. 10, 11, one of the two discs 9a is fixedly fixed on the mounting block 51 of the guide member 190. To this end, the guide member 190 has a projection 66 to which a ring stop member 9a is attached. This plate 9a has a V-notch 67 at one point distal to the passage of the thread 10, as shown in FIG. 10, 11.

Another stop plate 9, such as the one shown in FIGS. 6-9, rotates freely, leaning on its outer edge. The two projections on which it is based are again marked 55, 56. The lateral support is secured by the projections 52, 53, 54.

Equal details are denoted by the same reference numerals and their work is not explained.

The threading process proceeds as follows: thread 10 is threaded through knot 12 and its available threading hook 120 to the area beneath the thread stop 8, and then threaded radially from side (Fig. 7, right) between both elements 50, between both stop plates 9, 9a. The thread 10 is then pushed sideways from the opening 59 of the stationary disc 9a and threaded into the loop 14. As shown in FIG. 10, the thread 10 exits the aperture 59 through a correspondingly rounded edge.

The thread 10 is provided to prevent scratching into the stationary stop plate 9a, preferably made of ceramic or metal coated with an appropriate scratch resistant material.

The axial, reciprocal compression of the brake discs 9, 9a required for braking is again made by the annular magnet 65, cf. FIG. 6, in addition, the ring magnet 65a of the fixed plate 9a has a corresponding groove in the thread over the entrance cut-out 67.

Alternatively, the moving thread 10 and the action of the oscillator 30 on the movable stop plate 9 produce a one-way torque (Fig. 10, counterclockwise).

In the forms of FIG. 12-14, the details described above have the same reference numbers as in the forms of FIGS. 10, 11. They also have a stationary stop plate 9a having a thread insertion slot 67 which is spaced from the thread path 10 of the thread (see Figs. 12, 13).

The stationary stop plate 9a is annular with a continuous central opening 59. The thread opening process is the same as that of the molds of FIGS. 10, 11.

Unlike the forms in figs. 10, 11, the second rotating stop plate 9 has no opening 59 (see Fig. 14). The stop plate 9 has a cylindrical projection 68 on a common axis 29 which is included in a bracket projection 69 with a gap for free rotation. The bracket 69, in turn, is supported by a fork 70 on the mounting block 51 of the guide member 190. It is actuated by a clamping spring 71 which is pressed onto a threaded bolt 72 screwed into the mounting block 51 and whose initial pressure can be applied in a known manner Accordingly, by adjusting the adjusting nut 72, the pressure of the passage thread 10 exerted by the stop plates 9, 9a can be determined.

DEFINITION OF INVENTION

Claims (26)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. A thread brake with two stops, preferably disc or plate, flexibly pressed against one another, passing at least one thread to be braked and mounted on a support having a common axis and actuated by the device, for causing them to oscillate, characterized in that it has an oscillation excitation device (30), which is preferably directed across the support axis (29), for causing the braking elements (9) to oscillate. The thread brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the stopping elements are located on a guide element (19,190) having an axle (29) and that the stopping elements (9) together with the guide element (19) are arranged to be forced to oscillate. . The thread brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide element (19) is solid. The thread brake according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide member (19) is at least partially rigid in its part. The thread brake according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the guide member (19) is firmly attached to the bracket (41). The thread brake according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the guide element (19) is connected to the bracket (20) and that the bracket (20) with the guide element (19) and the braking element (9) is arranged so that to be forced to fluctuate. The thread brake according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stop elements (9) are mounted on the guide element (19) with a radial clearance. The thread brake according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the oscillation motion frequency is between 40 and 500 Hz. 9. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillator (30) comprises an element (31) which performs a guiding-sliding movement which is connected directly or indirectly to the brake element (9). 10. The brake according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the bracket (20) is mounted directly on the element (31), which performs the guiding sliding movement. 11. A thread brake according to claim 9, characterized in that it is on a thread feeding device having a rotating spindle (4) and in that the element (31) which performs a guiding-sliding movement is connected to the spindle (4) via a gear (37). ) that creates this motion. 12. A thread brake according to claim 10, characterized in that the actuator is a cam (37) with a cam element (38) mounted on a shaft (4), with a cam element (31) engaged in guiding-sliding motion. 13. The brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillation device (30) is made to act directly on the braking elements (9). The thread brake according to claims 9 and 13, characterized in that the guiding-sliding element (31) is designed to act on the surfaces of at least one of the braking elements (9). The thread brake according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that at least one of the two braking elements (9) abuts on its guide surface (190). 16. The thread brake according to claim 15, characterized in that the guide member (190) is made to at least partially comprise at least one stop member (9). 17. The brake according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one stop member (9) is mounted on a guide member (190), generally with a rotation capability relative to the common axis (29). 18. A thread brake according to claim 17, characterized in that at least one rotating stop member (9) rests radially on a guide member (190) disposed at spatially restricted support locations (55,56). The thread brake according to claims 17 and 18, characterized in that at least one rotating brake element (9) rests on the guide element (190) in the axial direction with a gap. 20. A thread brake according to claim 2 or 15-19, characterized in that at least one stop member (9a) is mounted on the guide member (190) without rotation. The thread brake according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the at least one brake element (9,9a) has a continuous opening (59) in the middle. 22. The thread brake according to claims 20 and 21, characterized in that the non-rotating stop member (9a) has a notch for threading (67) extending from the surface to the opening (59). A thread brake according to claim 22, characterized in that the center of the rotatable brake element (9) is closed. 24. A thread brake according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the guide element (190) comprises a thread feeding element (62) extending through the opening (59) of the two brake elements (9). The thread brake according to one of Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that at least one of the rotation actuators (30) mounted on the guide element (190) and rotatable has the ability to rotate about a common axis (29) of the oscillator (30). ) in the first direction of rotation (58). 6. A thread brake according to claim 25, characterized in that at least one stop member (9) extending between the stop members (9,9a) causes the thread (10) to rotate in the second direction of rotation (58,58a), which overlaps or is opposite. for the first direction of rotation. The thread brake according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the brake elements (9,9a) are axially pressed against one another by magnetic loading means (65).